2019年小升初英语总复习第5章-阅读理解

第五章阅读理解要点点拨阅读理解题的解题步骤阅读理解题主要考查学生的认知、阅读、理解能力以及判断分析和逻辑推理能力。阅读理解是提高英语整体能力的重要有效途径。阅读是理解的基础，因此，要大量地阅读不同的题材的文章，在逐步加快阅读速度的同时，也能掌握更多的阅读技巧。阅读可以按以下几步进行：

1.通读全文，掌握文章大意。2.仔细阅读问题，带着问题在文中找到相应的语句，获取关键信息，并画线、标号、圈重点，将可从短文中直接获取的答案找出来，并选出选项。3.分析、判断、对比，选出选项中符合题意的正确答案。4.如遇生词，在平时训练的时候，可将关键词拿到字典中去查阅，并做好单词积累；考试的时候，尽可能地根据上下文猜测词意，理解文章。

考点精析考点1考查阅读短文，然后单项填空【例1】阅读短文，根据短文内容，选出正确的选项。

Oneday,MrandMrsWhitegoshoppingbycar.Theystoptheircarnearashop.Theybuymanythingsfromtheshop.Andthethingsareveryheavy,sotheywanttoputthemintheircar.ButMrWhitecan’topenthedoorofthecar.“Let’saskapolicemanforhelp,”saysMrsWhite.Theyaskapolicemantohelpthem.Thepolicemanisveryfriendlytohelpthemopenthedoorofthecar.Atthattime,amancomesupandshouts,“Whatareyoudoingwithmycar?”MrandMrsWhitelookatthenumberofthecar,thentheysaysorrytotheman.(

)1.MrandMrsWhitegoshopping

.A.bybike

B.bybus

C.bycar(

)2.Theywantto

.A.puttheheavythingsintotheircarB.carrythethingshomeC.askapolicemantocarrythethingsforthem(

)3.MrWhitecan’topenthedoorofthecar

.A.butMrsWhitecanB.butapolicemancanC.butsoontheyopenit(

)4.

helpsthemopenthedoorofthecar.A.AnoldmanB.AyoungwomanC.Apoliceman(

)5.Theylookat

andtheyknowtheyarewrong.A.thepolicemanB.themanC.thenumberofthecar

解析：这是最常见的一种阅读理解的题型，根据前面的方法介绍，先读故事，找出故事发生的人物、时间、地点以及故事的起因、经过、结果等要素，然后对照下面每小题的选项，逐步分析，选择答案。第1、2小题可以直接从短文中获取答案；第3小题考查MrWhite不能直接打开门之后发生的事情，短文中有一句“Thepolicemanisveryfriendlytohelpthemopenthedoorofthecar.”说明了policeman帮他们打开了车门，这也是第4小题的答案；第5小题前面部分在短文中可以找到原文，也是一个简单题。

答案：1.C2.A3.B4.C5.C考点2考查阅读短文，然后判断对错【例2】阅读短文，根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。DearGaoShan,I’mwritingtoyouinmybedroom.ImissyouandtheotherclassmatesintheUSA.I’mstudyinginaprimaryschoolinAtlanta(亚特兰大).I’mnotgoodatEnglish.MyfriendTimisfromEngland.HeoftenhelpsmewithmyEnglish.AndIteachhimChinese.

Allofmyclassmatesherearefromdifferentcountries.PeterisEnglish.DavidisAustralian.NancyisAmerican.She’sfromNewYork.MrBlackismyteacher.He’sfromCanada.Mygoodfriend,ChenJieandWuYifanareChinese,too.They’refromHongKong.We'refromdifferentcountries,butwearefriends.IwillcomebackthisSpringFestival.Yours,LiuTao()1.LiuTaoisAmerican.()2.LiuTaooftenteachesTimChinese.()3.PeterandDavidarefromthesamecountry.()4.MrBlackisn’tChinese.He’sJapanese.()5.NowLiuTaoandhisclassmatesareinAmerica.解析：判断对错的题在短文阅读中是相对简单的一个题型，但是判断句和原文的不同，常常只在细节之处呈现，如人名、时间、地点、性别等，甚至是一个单词的不同，细心是做这种题的关键。另外，本题考查学生对几个常见的国家和国人的名词的掌握情况。学生对这方面的内容要有所涉及有所掌握。

答案：1.F2.T3.F4.F5.T考点3考查阅读短文，然后回答问题【例3】阅读短文，回答下列问题。

Once,

Goethe(歌德),thegreatGermanpoet（诗人）,waswalkinginapark.Hewasthinkingaboutsomethingwhenhenoticed（意识到）hecametoavery,verynarrowroad.Justatthattime,ayoungmancametowardshimfromtheotherendoftheroad.Itwastoonarrowforbothofthemtopassthroughatthesametime.Theystoppedandlookedateachotherforawhile.Thentheyoungmansaidrudely（粗鲁地）,“Inevermakeway（让路）forafool.”ButGoethesmiledandsaid,“Ialwaysdo.”Thenheturnedbackquicklyandwalkedtowardstheendoftheroad.1.WherewasGoethewalking？__________________________________________2.WhocametowardsGoethefromtheotherendoftheroad？__________________________________________3.Wastheroadtoonarrowforbothofthemtopassthroughatthesametime？__________________________________________4.DidtheyoungmanmakewayforGoethe？__________________________________________5.Whoturnedbackquicklyandwalkedtowardstheendoftheroad？__________________________________________

解析：做此类题，要倒转过来看，先读题目，然后再带着问题，通读全文，把握文章的意思，再研究和问题相关的句子或关键词，哪怕是可以找到答案的原文，也不主张全句照搬、抄写。而是要做到紧扣问题，简单明了地回答，可能的话，避开语法点，降低错误率，从而减少失分率。本题难度较大，讲的是大诗人歌德让路的一个故事，其中对白部分：Theyoungmansaidrudely,“Inevermakewayforafool.”ButGoethesmiledandsaid,“Ialwaysdo.”是本篇短文的难点所在。仔细分析but一词，以及Ialwaysdo.的意思，可知他的意思是healwaysmakeswayforafool，且最后他madewayfortheyoungman。答案：1.Inapark./Hewaswalkinginapark.2.Ayoungman./AyoungmancametowardsGoethe.3.Yes,itwas.4.No，hedidn’t.5.Goethe.考点4考查阅读对话，然后根据对话填空【例4】根据对话内容填空，每空一词。Tom:Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend？Mary:Iamgoingtoplantsomeflowersinmygarden.Tom:Flowers?Mary:Yes,somebeautifulflowers.Tom:Howdoyouplantflowers?Mary:First,digaholeinthesoil,thenputsomeseedsinthesoil.Tom:That’sall?Mary:Thenyouhavetowateritandwaitforittogrow.Tom:Thatsoundslikefun!Mary:CometomyhouseonSaturdaymorning.Andwe’llplantflowerstogether.Tom:OK,great!1.Marywantstoplant_______________inhergarden.2.Maryisgoingtodoitthis_____________morning.3.Tom_____________knowhowtoplantflowers.4.Marydigsaholeinthe____________first.5.Tomthinksitis_________toplantsomeflowers.

解析：此题要求学生根据对话内容填空。解答此类试题一般先通读全文，了解大意，然后再结合题目细读文章，找出答案。这段对话讲的是Mary打算种花及Tom询问种花的过程。第1题从语法结构分析，缺少宾语。从对话的第2行中就能找到答案。第2题考查时间状语，从对话的倒数第2行可以找到答案。第3题从第5行可以看出Tom不知道怎么样种花。第4题讲的是种花的第一步应该做什么，从对话的第6行中就可以找到答案。第5题讲的是Tom对种花的态度，从对话倒数第3行可以找到答案。

答案：1.flowers2.Saturday3.doesn’t4.soil5.fun过关检测一、阅读短文,根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正（T）误（F）。AMyname’sBob.I’mfromAmerica.IliveinShanghaiwithmyparents.IstudyChineseinanAmericanschoolinShanghai.Therearefortystudentsinourclass.OurChineseteacherisMissLing.She’sanicelady.She’syoungandactive.Wehavesixlessonsaday.NowIcanspeakalittleChinese.IhavegotagoodChinesefriend,WangHua.Weoftenplayfootballtogetherafterschool.SometimeshehelpsmewithmyChineseandIhelphimwithhisEnglish.()1.BobisanAmericanboy.()2.BobisstudyingChineseintheUSA.()3.MissLingisanEnglishteacher.()4.BobcanspeakverygoodChinese.()5.SometimesBobhelpsWangHuawithhisEnglish.TFFFTBTimwassevenyearsold,andhissisterwasfive.Oneday,theirmotherwantedtogoshopping,sosheaskedtheiraunttolookafterthem.Thetwochildrenplayedforalongtime.Atfouro’clockintheafternoon,theirauntgaveTimanappleandaknife.Shesaidtohim,“nowhere’saknife,Tim.Cutthisappleintotwopieces.Andthenpleasegiveonepiecetoyoursister,butremembertodoitlikeagentleman.”

“Likeagentleman?”Timasked.“Howdoesagentlemandoit?”“Healwaysgivesthebigpiecetootherperson,”hisauntanswered.“Oh,Isee.”Thenhegavehissistertheappleandsaidtoher,“Pleasecutitintotwopieceslikeagentleman,Joan.”()1.Timwastwoyearsolderthanhissister.()2.JoanwasTim’slittlesister.()3.Tim’smumwantedtogoswimmingwithherfriends.()4.Atfouro’clockintheafternoon,thechildren’s

auntgavethemtwoapplesandaknife.()5.Timwantedthebigpieceoftheapple.TTFFTCMostpeoplehaveaboss.Ihaveaboss,too.Butmybossisalittleunusual.Hegoestoworkwithhisbigdog.Manypeoplehavedogs,butfewbringtheirdogstowork.Myboss’sdogBobisbigandbrown.Mybossbringshimtoworkeveryday.Hetakesthedogtomeetwithpeopleandhavelunch.Whenthereisacallformyboss,Ialwaysknowifheisintheofficeornot.Ionlylookunderhisdesk.IfIseethedog,Iknowmybossisintheoffice.Ifthereisnodog,Iknowmybossisout.()1.MybossisBob’sclassmate.()2.Mybossisthesameasotherbosses.()3.Bobgoestomeetwithpeopleinsteadof(代替)myboss.()4.Ithinkmybosslikeshisdog.()5.Ialwaysknowifmybossisintheoffice.FFFTT二、阅读短文，根据短文内容，选出正确的选项。ATheNewYear’sEvepartywasgoingon.Thenthebellrang,atallmanopenedthedoorandcamein.Nobodyknewhim,butthehostwentoverandtookhimin.Themansattherehappilyforhalfanhouranddrank.Thenhesaid,“Nobodyinvitedmetothisparty.Idon’tknowyou,oranyoneelsehere.Ourfamilywantedtogoout,butoneofyourfriends’carwasinfrontofourgate,soIcameheretofindhim,andmywifeisstillwaitinginourcar!”()1.Whendidthestoryhappen?A.At7:00.B.InNovember.C.OnNewYear’sEve.()2.The“bell”heremeansthe____.A.timebellB.doorbellC.churchbell()3.Thehostwenttomeetandtookhiminbecausehethoughthewas____.A.oneofhisguestsB.hisbrotherC.hisclassmate()4.Thetallman’swifewaitedinthecarfor____.A.anhourB.twohoursC.halfanhour()5.Atlast,thehostmightbealittle____.A.afraidB.surprisedC.worriedCBACBBOneday,anoldmanissellingabigelephant.Ayoungmancomestotheelephantandbeginstolookatitslowly.Theoldmangoestohimandsaysinhisear,“Don’tsayanythingabouttheelephantbeforeIsellit,andthenIwillgiveyousomemeat.”

“Allright,”saystheyoungman.Aftertheoldmansellstheelephant,hegivestheyoungmansomemeatandsays,“Howcanyouseethebadearsoftheelephant?”

“Idon’tseethebadears,”saystheyoungman.

“Thenwhydoyoulookattheelephantslowly?”askstheoldman.Theyoungmananswers,“BecauseIneversawanelephantbefore,andIwanttoknowwhatitlookslike.”()1.Oneday____is(are)sellinganelephant.A.ayoungmanB.anoldmanC.ayoungmanandanoldman()2.Theoldmanaskstheyoungmanto____beforehesellstheelephant.A.lookattheelephantB.saynothingabouttheelephantC.buysomemeatBB()3.Theyoungmanlooksattheelephantslowlybecause____.A.helikeselephantsB.hecan’tseeitclearlyC.heneversawanelephantbefore()4.Infact,theyoungmandoesn’tfindtheelephant’s

____.A.badearsB.badeyesC.badnose()5.Atlast,theyoungmangets____.A.theelephantB.somemeatC.somemoneyCABCOnSundays,Tomusuallygetsupat9o’clock.Today,Tomgotupatsixbecausehewasgoingtogoonapicnicwithhisparents.Butitwasraining,sotheycouldn’tgoonapicnicinthepark.Tomwenttothekitchenandsaidtohismum,“Wecan’thaveapicnicinthepark.”Mumsaid,“Waitaminute.”

Then,Mumtookoutthefood,afanandarecorder(录音机).”It’sjustlikeinthepark,acoolwindandthebirds’singing,”Mumsaid.()1.Tomusuallygetsupat9o’clock____.A.onMondaysB.onSundaysC.onThursdays()2.Tomgotupat____today.A.sixB.sevenC.eight()3.Therewas____inTom’shome.A.birds’singingB.acoolwindC.bothAandB()4.WhydidTomgetupsoearlyonSunday?A.Becausehehadtogotoschool.B.Becausehehadtodohishomework.C.Becausehewouldgoonapicnicwithhisparents.()5.Whatwastheweatherlikethatday?A.Itwassunny.B.Itwaswindy.C.Itwasrainy.BACCC三、阅读短文，根据短文内容，回答下列问题。ATomorrowisthesecondofSeptember.It’sSunday.AnditisJane’sbirthday.Janeisgoingtobetwelvetomorrow.HerparentsaregoingtohavethebirthdaypartyatarestaurantbecauseJanelikesthefoodthere.Jane’steacherMissBrownandfifteenofherfriendsaregoingtotheparty.Jane’sparentslovetheironlydaughter.Nowtheyareshopping.Theyaregoingtobuyanewdressforher.Andtheyaregoingtobuyabigtoypanda,too.Theyneedn’tbuythebirthdaycakeandotherfoodbecausetherestaurantwillgetreadyforthem.It’llservethemthebirthdaycake,thefoodanddrinks,andsomepresents.1.Whatdayisittomorrow?__________________________________2.HowoldwillJanebetomorrow?__________________________________3.HowmanyJane’sfriendswillbeattheparty?__________________________________4.WhatareJane’sparentsgoingtobuy?______________________________________________5.NeedJane’sparentsbuythebirthdaycakeandanyotherfood?__________________________________It’sSunday.Shewillbe12/twelve.Fifteen/15.Theyaregoingtobuyadressandabigtoypanda.No,theyneedn’t.BTodayisaholiday.BenwantstogototheCityParkwithhisclassmates.HeputsonhisnewT-shirtandwhitecap.Hewalkstothebusstop.Thebusstopisnearhishome.Heandhisclassmatesaregoingtomeetthere.Itisquitealongwayfromhishometothepark.SotheyaregoingtotheCityParkbybus.TheyaregoingtotaketheNo.13bus.Theywanttoseeaflowershowthere.Benthinksthattheyaregoingtohaveagoodtime.Andhisfathertoldhimtobuysomebeautifulflowers,becausenextMondayishismother’sbirthday.1.WhereareBenandhisclassmatesgoing?___________________________________2.Howaretheygoingthere?___________________________________3.IsitnearfromBen’shometothepark?___________________________________4.Whichbusaretheygoingtotake?___________________________________5.WhyisBengoingtobuyflowers?_____________________________________________TheyaregoingtotheCityPark.Theyaregoingtherebybus.No,itisn’t.TheNo-13bus.BecausenextMondayishismother’sbirthday.CJimisastudentofGradesix.Heusuallygoestotheparkwithhisfriendsontheweekend.Butlastweekend,hestayedathomeanddidhousework.Becausehisdadwenttoanothercity.Andhismumwassick.Shehadafever.Inthemorning,hewenttothehospitalwithhismum.Intheafternoon,Jimcleanedtheroom,washedclothesandcookedthemeals.Hermotherwasveryhappy.1.WhatdoesJimusuallydoontheweekend?__________________________________________2.Whydidhedothehousework?__________________________________________________________________________________3.Whatdidhedointhemorning?__________________________________________4.Didhedothedishesintheafternoon?__________________________________________5.Howdidhismumfeel?__________________________________________Jimusuallygoestotheparkwithhisfriends.Becausehisdadwenttoanothercity,andhismumwassick/hadafever.Hewenttothehospitalwithhismum.No,hedidn’t.Hismumfeltveryhappy.四、根据短文内容填空，每空一题。ASusanhasfoursisters.TheyareBetty,Holly,RoseandAnn.Susanistheoldestofthefive.Bettyisthirteenyearsold.SheistwoyearsyoungerthanSusanandoneyearolderthanHolly.RoseisnineandAnnisseven.SusanandBettystudyinamiddleschool.Holly,RoseandAnnstudyinaprimaryschool.Theprimaryschoolisneartheirhome.Theywalkthere.Themiddleschoolisalittlefar.SusanandBettygotherebybike.Thereare1.________childreninSusan’sfamily.Susanis2.__________yearsold.Hollyis3.__________yearsold.Susanisthe4.________girlinthefamily.Annisthe5.________inthefamily.6.________and7.________aremiddleschoolstudents.8.________,9.________and10.________areprimaryschoolstudents.five15/fifteen12/twelveoldestyoungestSusanBettyHollyRoseAnnBWeatherforecasts(天气预报)helpustodecidewhattodo.Ithelpsustodecidewheretogo.Italsohelpsusdecidewhattowear.Itcan