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专业英语八级模拟试卷25(共9套)

(共372题)

专业英语八级模拟试卷第1套

一、听力复合式听写(本题共70题,每题7.0分,共

70分。)

Thehumanbodyissuitablydescribedas"ahighlycomplexself-genera-tor"becauseifit

isgiventherightfuel,itiscapableofbothcuringand[I]off

diseases,ourbodycanbecomparedtoamatching,ifitisnotprop-erlylookedafter,it

willbecome[2],sluggish,orcloggedandpartsof[2]the

mechanismwillnotbekeptingoodworkingorder.Inordertofunctionexpertly,our

bodyneedscarbohydrates,protein,fat,[3]andminerals,coupledwithregular

exercise.Butanexcessivein-[3]takeofcarbohydratesshouldbeavoided

becausetheywillmostly[4]to[4]fat.Proteinisimportantfortissue

building.Therecommendedminimuma-mounttheaveragepersonneedsis[5]

gramsaday,anexcessoradefi-[5]ciencyofwhichisnotadvisableas

itisindispensabletohumangrowth.Animalfats,goodsourcesofenergy,aresometimes

likelytocauseincreasedcholesterollevelsinthe[6]sopeoplesufferingfrom

iieaitcom-16】plaintsshouldavoideatingthem.Vitaminsaiealsoiegaidedas

essentialrequirementsforhealth.Deficiency[7]ofvitamins,whetherAorC,

willreduceourbody'sresistanceto[7]Calcium,ironandiodinearethe

importantmineralsweneed.Milk,liver,lentilsanddatesarerichinminerals.Natural

foodsarealwaysbest.Don'trelyontoomuchon"[8][8]foods'1,

appetizingandlabouring-savingastheyare,becausethepreserva-tives,artificial

colouringandadditivesinthe[9]_foodswebuywilldo[9]usharm.

Besidesthefactorsofclimate,ageandoccupation,inordertoachieveabalanceddiet,wc

mustalsoconsiderthefollowingfourpoints:[10][10]environment,

employmentandemotionalstress.

标准答案:warding

知识点解析:这段内容在听力材料的开头有详细的阐述,而且基本上没有太多变

化,因此只要听到了几个关,键词语,应该填对“ward”,只是要注意词形变化。

2、[2]

标准答案:rusty

知识点解析:也是基本重复原文的内容,只要做了笔录,应该可以准确无误地做出

正确答案。

3、[3]

标准答案:vitamins

知识点解析:从我们的常识可以得知,人体所需的基本物质无非就是蛋白质、碳水

化合物、脂肪、矿物质,再就是维生素。这些都是我们熟知的,而且在原文中也是

一一列举的,因此应该不会出错误。

41[4]

标准答案:turn或conenvert

知识点解析:听力材料中有关于碳水化合物对人体重要作用的详细介绍,讲到碳水

化合物是非常好的能量提供者,但如果摄取过量就会使过量的碳水化合物转化为

“脂肪”,只不过原文用的是被动语态,因此填空的时候需要将其变为主动语态。

5、[5]

标准答案:70

知识点解析:这个内容在原文中叙述得很清楚,每人每天所需蛋白质含量应为70

克,而发达国家每人每天多为110克。

6、[6]

标准答案:blood或arteries

知识点解析:在听力材料原文中对这一内容有非常详尽的论述,原句基本上和此句

相同,不需太大变动。

7、[7]

标准答案:infccliuii

知识点解析:听力原文中介绍维生素时提到缺乏维生素A时会影响视力和皮肤和

对疾病感染的抵抗力的下降,而维生素C也能抵抗感冒和精神疾病,因此可以概

括地说维生素A、C不足对细菌病素感染的抵抗力会下降。

8、【8】

标准答案:convenienceprocessed

知识点解析:在听力原文市提到过“conveniencefoods”,并对它进行了详细的说

明,包括它的性质和危害,因此无论是从常识上和细节上都应该做出正确答案。

9、[9]

标准答案:packaged

知识点解析:这段话在原文中介绍“conveniencefoods”时说得很清楚,convenience

foods之所以有害是因为一般在packagedfoods(包装好的食品)中有太多的人工添加

物。

10、[10]

标准答案:genetics

知识点解析:这个内容在听力材料的最后部分有十分详尽的论述而且列举的几个因

素也十分清楚,除了上述几个因素外,最后一个因素便是genetics(遗传因素)。

二、听力对话组题(本题共5题,每题7.0分,共5

分。)

WhatisStevenSlater?

11、WhatisStevenSlater?

A、Acyclist.

B、Acoachoncycling.

C、Anexpertontourism.

D、Atourist.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:根据句(1)可知,Steven是一个自行车俱乐部的教练,故答案为[B]。

12>Whichofthefollowingisessentialforallcyclingtours?

A、Ahelmet.

B、Lamps.

C^Suncream.

D、Insectrepellent.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:在被问及骑自行车旅游的人们应先考虑什么时,受访者认为应先考虑

穿什么,根据句(2)可知,好质量的头盔是必不可少的,故答案为[A]。

Whyshouldcyclistswearsomethingthatcaneasilybeseen?

A^Toattractthemotorists.

B、Tostandout.

C、Toensuresafety.

D^Toenjoythescenerybetter.

标准答案:C

知识点解析:受访者提到骑自行车旅游的人们应穿着醒目的运动衣,根据句⑶可

知,原因在于事故往往是因为司机很难发现骑自行车的人而导致,可知,穿醒目的

运动衣是为了确保安全,故答案为[C]。

14、AccordingtoSteven,cyclistsshouldprepareallthefollowingEXCEPT

whilecyclinginhotweather.

A、water

B、suncream

C^insectrepellent

D、cyclingcapes

标准答案:D

知识点解析:受访者提到"ifyouarcplanningyourjourneyinthesummer,whenitis

likelytobehot,takeplentyofwater”;谈到在夏季旅行还需要准备哪些东西时,受

访者说:“Suncreamisessentialinhotweather”:在被问及“howaboutinsect

repeHent?”时,受访者回答:"Itisalsoadvisable.”可知,Steven认为在夏季旅行应

携带大量的水、防晒乳以及驱虫剂,而没有提到披肩,故答案为[D]。

15、Howshouldcyclistspreparefortheworst?

A、1heyshouldalwayscarryenoughmoneyincaseofditticulty.

Theyshouldcarryasparesetofbatteriesforbicyclelamps.

C^Theyshouldneverrideontheirown.

D、Theyshouldkeepapuncturerepairkitandabasictoolkitathand.

标准答案:D

知识点解析:根据句(5)可知,骑自行车的人应做好最坏的准备,随身携带补胎工

具和基本工具箱,故答案为[D]。

三、听力新闻(本题共I题,每题1.0分,共]分。)

16、WhatisthereasonforthesharpriseindeathaccordingtoEU?

A、Manydiseasesaretransferredfromanimalstohumans.

B、Thereisnoeffectivemedicinefornewkindsofbacteriayet.

C、Bacteriaarebecomingresistanttoantibiotic.

D、Foodcontaminationhasbecomemoreandmoreserious.

标准答案:C

知识之解析:主旨题。欧盟27国集团中死亡率上升的原因是细菌对抗生素越来越

具有抗药性:duetobacteriabecomingresistanttoantibioticso因此答案为C。

四、常规阅读理解(本题共3题,每题7.0分,共3

分。)

Howtoliveto100Agrowingbodyofresearchsuggeststhatchronicillnessisnotan

inevitableconsequenceofaging,butmoreoftentheresultoflifestylechoices."People

usedtosay,'whowouldwanttobe100?"saysDr.ThomasPeris,aninstructoratHarvard

MedicalSchoolanddirectoroftheNewEnglandCentenarianStudy.nNowthey,re

realizingit'sanopportunity."High-techmedicineisn'tlikelytochangetheoutlook

dramatically;drugsandsurgerycandoonlysomuchtosustainabodyonceitstarts(o

fail.Butthereisnoquestionwecanlengthenourliveswhileshorteningourdeaths.The

toolsalreadyexist,andthey'rewithinvirtuallyeveryone'sreach.Lifeexpectancyinthe

UnitedStateshasnearlydoubledsinceacenturyago-from47yearsto76years.And

thoughcentenariansarestillrare,theynowconstitutethefastestgrowingsegmentofthe

U.S.population.Theirrankshaveincreased16-foldoverthepastsixdecadesfrom3,700

in1940toroughly61,000today.TheCensusBureauprojectsthat1in9babyboomers(9

millionofthe80millionpeoplebornbetween1946and1964)willsurviveintotheirlate

90s,andthat1in26(or3million)willreach100."Acenturyago,theoddsoflivingthat

longwereaboutonein500,"saysLynnAdler,founderoftheNationalCentenarian

AwarenessProjectandtheauthorof"Centenarians:TheBonusYears.""Thafshow,far

we'vecome."Ifdecrepitudewereaninevitablepartofaging,theseburgeoningnumbers

wouldspelltrouble.ButtheevidencesuggeststhatAmericansarelivingbetter,aswellas

longer.Thedisabilityrateamongpeopleolderthan65hasfallensteadilysincetheearly

1980s,accordingtoDukeUniversitydemographerKennethManton,andashrinking

percentageofseniorsareplaguedbyhypertension,arteriosclerosisanddementia.

Moreover,researchershavefoundthattheoldestoftheoldoftenenjoybetterhealththan

peopleintheir70s.The79centenariansinPeris'sNewEnglandstudyhavealllived

independentlythroughtheirearly90s,takinganaverageofjustonemedication.And

whenthetimecomesfortheseheartysoulstodie,theydon'tlinger.Ina1995study,

JamesLubitzoftheHealthCareFinancingAdministrationcalculatedthatmedical

expendituresforthelasttwoyearsoflife—statisticallythemostexpensive—average

$22,600forpeoplewhodieat70,butjust$8,300forthosewhomakeitpast100.

Theseinsightshavespawnedarevolutioninthescienceofaging."Untilrecently,there

wassomuchpreoccupationwithdiseasesthatlittleworkwasdoneonthecharacteristics

thatpermitpeople(odov/ell,"saysDr.JohnRowe,theNewYorkgeriatricianwhoheads

theMacArthurFoundation'sResearchNetworkonSuccessfulAging.Researchconfirms

theoldsayingthatitpaystochooseyourparentswell.Butthewayweagedependsless

onwhowearethanonhowwelivewhatweeat,howmuchweexerciseandhowwe

employourminds.

17、Theauthorseemstosuggestthat.

A、theagedshouldnotgotothenursinghome

B、wecanlengthenourlivesthroughhigh-techmedicine

C>centenariansdiefasterthanthosewhoareyounger

D、theever-growingSegmentofcentenarianshascausedconcern

标准答案:C

知识点解析:暂无解析

18^Peoplepast100canbedescribedasallofthefollowingEXCEPTthat.

A、manyofthemhadlivedindependentlyuntiltheirearly90s

B、theyenjoybetterhealththanpeopleintheir70s

C、theirlongevitycouldbeattributedtoheredity

D^theirmedicalexpendituresaresurprisinglylow

标准答案:C:

知识点解析:暂无解析

19、Acenturyago,howmanylivedto,orpast100,withinapopulationof5million?

A、5,000,000.

B、10,000.

C、50,000.

D、1,000.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:暂无解析

五、常识(本题共70题,每题7.0分,共70分。)

20、BritishEnglishisspokenin

A、GreatBritain.

B、Australia.

C、NewZealand.

D^A,B,andC

标准答案:D

知识点解析:在所谓的六个说英语的国家(English—speakingcounlries)中,除了位

于北美洲的加拿大和美国说美式英语外,其余四国都说英式英语,包括此题提到的

英国、澳大利亚和新西兰外,还有爱尔兰共和国,故D正确。

21、TheUnitedKingdomdoesnotshareborderwithanyothercountryEXCEPT.

A、France

B、TheRepublicofIreland

C、Germany

D、Iceland

标准答案:B

知识点解析:英国是欧洲岛国,其英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士国土不与任何其他国家

接壤,北爱尔兰是爱尔兰岛的一部分,与爱尔兰共和同接壤。

22、Duringthereignof,WaleswasbroughtunderEnglishrule.

A、HenryIII

EdwardI

C、EdwardII

D、EdwardIII

标准答案:B

知识点解析:1284年,爱德华一世颁布theStatuteofWales(《威尔士法》),将威

尔士收到英格兰旗下,并任命他新出生的儿子爱德华二世为威尔士亲王,这个传统

被一直保持至今。

23、Inhisinauguralspeech,saidthat"theonlythingwehavetofearisfear

itself.

A^WoodrowWilson

B、FranklinD.Roosevelt

C、HurryTruman

D^BenjaminFranklin

标准答案:B

知识点解析:FranklinD.Roosevelt(富兰克林-德拉诺-罗斯福)是美国第32任总统

(1933-1945),连任四届,是任期最长的美国总统。出任于经济大萧条(theGreat

Depression)的最严重的关头,在就职演说中他希望人民镇定自若,指出“theonly

thingwehavetofearisfearitself'(我们唯一应该感到恐惧的就是恐惧本身),以其新

政(theNewDeal)而进行了一系列改革,使美国逐步走出大萧条。

24、TheRedBadgeofCouragewaswrittenby.

A^StephenCrane

B>FrankNorris

C^TheodoreDreiser

D^JackLondon

标准答案:A

知识点解析:暂无解析

25、Theuseofonenameforthatofanotherassociatedwithitisrhetoricallycalled

A、synecdoche

R、metonymy

C>substitution

D、metaphor

标准答案:B

知识点解析:本题考查转喻的定义。一个词或词组被另一个与之有紧密联系的词或

词组替换的修辞方法称作转喻(melonymy)。

26、Thecolonies,whichsettledalongtheeastcoast,issuedthe

DeclarationofIndependencein.

A、13...1776

B、14...1774

C、13...1775

D、14...1776

标准答案:A

知识点解析:暂无解析

27、isthelargestriverinAmerica.

A、TheNewYorkRiver

TheMississippiRiver

C、TheOhioRiver

D、TheColoradoRiver

标准答案:B

知识点解析:密西西比河是世界第四长的河流,也是北美洲流程最长,流域面积最

广、水量最大的河流。它从美国明尼苏达州开始,流进墨西哥湾。它的流域面积达

3225000平方公里。

28、"Wordsarenamesorlabelsforthings."Thisviewiscalledinsemantic

sense.

A、mentalism

B、conceptualtheory

C^namingtheory

D、contextualtheory

标准答案:C

知识点解析:“单词是事物的名字或标签”的观点在语义学理论中被称为“命名论

29>WhichofthefollowingnovelswaswrittenbyEmilyBronte?

A、OliverTwist

Middlemarch

C^JaneEyre

D、WutheringHeights

标推答案:D

知识点解析:本题考查英国文学。艾米利勃朗特(1818-1848),笔名艾丽丝贝尔

(EllisBell),是英国著名女诗人,小说家。著有小说《呼啸山庄》(Wut国ring

Heights)和近200首抒情诗和叙事短诗。

六、改错(本题共[题,每题7.0分,共7分。)

30、Whenyouopenthewindowinthenight,youmayseeashadeofmoonlightinthe

garden.

标准答案;shadeflood

知识点解析:本句意为“晚上打开窗你可以看到花园里的一片月光”,“一片光”的

量词是afloodoflight,故此处用flood。

七、汉译英(本题共7题,每题上。分,共]分。)

31、自从我们搬到郊外以来,天气渐渐清凉了。那短篱边牵延着毛豆叶子,已露

出枯黄的颜色来,白色的小野菊,一丛丛由草堆里钻出头来,还有小朵的黄花在凉

劲的秋风中抖颤,这一些景象,最容易勾起人们的秋思,况且身在异国呢!低声吟

着帘卷西风,人比黄花嫂,这个小小的灵宫,是弥漫了怅惘的情绪。书房里格外

显得清寂,那窗外蔚蓝如碧海似的青天,和淡金色的阳光。还有挟着桂花香的阵

风,都含了极强烈的,挑拨人类心弦的力量,在这种刺激之下,我们不能继续那死

板的读书工作了,在那一天午饭后,波便提议到附近吉祥寺去看秋景,三点多钟我

们乘了市外电车前去,一这路程太近了,我们的身体刚刚坐稳便到了。

标准答案:Soybeanleavesonthelowhedgesarebeginningtoturnbrownishyellow.

Clustersofwhitechrysanthemumsarevyingtobreakthroughtherankweedswhiletiny

yellowonesareshiveringinthechillywind.Theautumnsceneismostapttobringabout

alonesomeanddesolatemood,especiallywhenweareinaforeigncountry.Myheart

wasfilledwithmelancholywhenIrecitedinalowvoicethefollowinglinesofanancient

Chinesepoet:Whenthewestwindfurlsupthecurtain,Tinmorefrailthantheyellow

chrysanthemum.Oneday,whentheskywasaseablue,thesunlightalightgoldandthe

sweetscentofosmanthusflowersfitfullywaftedoveronthebreeze,ourstudyseemedall

themorecheerlessandquiet.Alluredbythelovelysightoutsidethewindow,wecould

hardlyconcentrateondullreading.AtthesuggestionofBo,wedecidedtovisitafter

lunchthenearbyKichijojiTempletoenjoytheautumnlandscape.Westartedoutafter3

pmbysuburbantrainandittookusbutashortwhiletogetthere.

知识点解析:暂无解析

八、英译汉(本题共[题,每题1.0分,共7分。)

32、Inacalmseaeverymanisapilot.Butallsunshinewithoutshade,allpleasure

withoutpain,isnotlifeatall.Takethelotofthehappiest—itisatangledyam.

Bereavementsandblessings,onefollowinganother,makeussadandblessedbyturns.

Evendeathitselfmakeslifemoreloving.Mencomesclosesttotheirtrueselvesinthe

sobermomentsoflife,undertheshadowsofSOITOWandloss.Intheaffairsoflifeorof

business,itisnotintellectthattellssomuchascharacter,notbrainssomuchasheart,not

geniussomuchasself-control,patience,anddiscipline,regulatedbyjudgment.Ihave

alwaysbelievedthatthemanwhohasbeguntolivemoreseriouslywithinbeginstolive

moresimplywithout.Inanageofextravaganceandwaste,IwishIcouldshowtothe

worldhowfewtherealwantsofhumanityare.Toregretone'serrorstothepointofnot

repeatingthemistruerepentance.Thereisnothingnobleinbeingsuperiortosomeother

man.Thetruenobilityisinbeingsuperiortoyourpreviousself.

标准答案:在平静的海面上人人都是舵手。但是如果只有阳光而没阴暗,只有快

乐而没痛苦,那根本不是人生。即以最幸福的人之遭遇来说,那也是一团纠结不清

的纱线。丧事和喜事接踵而至,使我们一阵悲伤一阵快乐。甚至死亡本身也会使人

生变得更可爱。在人生清醒时刻,在悲伤及丧亲的阴影笼罩下,人们最接近他们真

实的自我。在生活琐事或事务处理中,智慧所产生的作用不及品格,头脑不及心

境,天赋不及经由判断力所规范的自制、耐心和戒律。我始终认为,精神生活愈

严谨的人,他的物质生活就开始变得愈简朴。在奢侈、浪费的时代里,我希望能让

世人了解,人类真正的需求是多么少。悔过到不再重复错误的程度才是真正的悔

过。比其他人优越算不了高尚,真正的高尚在于超越以前的自己。

知识点解析:1.第二段第一句中all…without结构指“只有……而没有”,all在这

里不是“全部”的意思。2.第二句中lol指“命运,遭遇langlcdyam可译为“纠结

不清的纱线3.第三句中Bereavements指“亲人去世",blessings指“幸福的喜

事”,故Bereavementsandblessings译为“丧事和喜事4.第三段的长句中有多个

并列的notsomuchas结构,表示"不如5.第四段第一句中的within和without

两个词充当副词,表示“内在生活,精神生活”和“外在生活,物质生活”。6.第二

句中realwants指“真正的需求7.第五段第一句的tothepointof指“达到...的

程度8.besuperiorto指“比...更出众,更优越”。

九、作文(本题共7题,每题1.0分,共]分。)

33、Neighborsarethepeoplewholivenearus.Inyouropinion,whatarethequalitiesof

agoodneighbor?Usespecificdetailsandexamples,writeanessayofabout400words

onthefollowingtopic:TheQualitiesofaGoodNeighborInthefirstpartofyouressay

youshouldstateclearlyyourmainargument,andinthesecondpartyoushouldsupport

yourargumentwithappropriatedetails.Inthelastpartyoushouldbringwhatyouhave

writtentoanaturalconclusionormakeasummary.Markswillbeawardedfbrcontent,

organization,grammarandappropriateness.Failuretofollowtheaboveinstructionsmay

resultinalossofmarks.WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEETFOUR.

标准答案:TheQualitiesofaGoodNeighborIfyouhaveagoodneighbor,youarca

luckyperson.Youhavesomeonewhocaresaboutyourneedsandyourproperty,whois

helpfulinthelittleday-to-daysituationsthatcomeup,andwhoissupportiveintimesof

crisis.Agoodneighborissomeonewho,forinstance,understandsthatyourchildrenmay

occasionallyrunacrosshislawn,eventhoughyoutellthemnotto.He'llrealizethat

childrencanbecarelessaboutthingslikethat,andhewon'tmakeabigfiissaboutit

unlessitbecomesaregularthing.Inthesamevein,heknowsthatyou511understandif

someofthetrashfromhistrashcansblowsacrossintoyouryard.Inotherwords,heis

sensitivetotheunintentionalthingsthatcanhappen.Hedoesn'tmakeabigdealabout

them.Agoodneighborisalsorespectfulofyourproperty.Forexample,sheasksyour

permissionbeforedoinganythingthatinterfereswithwhat'syours.Thismeansshe

wouldn'tplantahugetreeinbetweenyourhouseswithoutaskinghowyoufeelaboutit.

Ifshewantedtoputupafence,shewouldletyouknov/first.Shemightworkwithyouto

decidewhereitshouldbeplaced.Maybethetwoofyouwouldevensplitthecost.A

goodneighborwouldlendyousomemilkifyouranout.She'dgiveyouaridetoworkif

yourcarwasbroken,andletyourchildrenstayatherhouseintheeveningifyougot

stuckworkingovcrlimc.Youwoulddolliusamefurher.Bothofyouwuuldhelpniiike

theother'slifeeasier.Whensomethingreallyawfulhappenstoyou,likeadeathinthe

family,agoodneighborwillvolunteertohelpinanywayhecan.Thiscouldmean

somethingsmall,likemakingsomecasserolestoputinyourfreezertofeedvesting

relatives,oritcouldmeansomethingbig,likehelpingyougetthroughthesadnessofthe

funeral.Ithinkonlysomeonewhohasexperiencedabadneighborcanreallyappreciatea

goodone!Agoodneighborcanbeagoodfriend.Heorshecanmakeallthedifferencein

theworldtoyourlife.

知识点解析:开篇直截了当进入正题,好邻居应该关心你的需求、财产,可以帮

助你处理日常生活中碰到的情况,可以在你遇到危机时伸出援手。第二段举例说

明好邻居的特征。比如,你己经教育孩子不要践踏邻居的草坪,但孩子有可能偶尔

仍然会这样做,好邻居会理解这种情况,不会大惊小怪。他明白有些事情不是故意

的,不会放在心上。好邻居会尊重你的财产。比如,她在做任何有可能影响你的

事情之前会征得你的同意。也就是说,她不会在没有询问你的感受之前,在你们两

家房子之间种一棵大树。好邻居会在你有困难时伸出援助之手。比如,你没有牛

奶时,好邻居会借给你。如果你汽车坏了,她会载你去上班。如果你要加班,可以

把孩子留在他们家。邻居之间互相帮助,让彼此的生活更轻松一些。此段进一步

详细说明好邻居的特质。如果家里发生了不幸的事情,比如,家人过世时,好邻居

可以做些小事,像在你家冰箱里放些食物,或者可以做些大事,像陪你参加葬礼。

最后,文章对好邻居的特征进行总结—好邻居就是好朋友,他/她可以给你的生

活带来巨大的变化。

专业英语八级模拟试卷第2套

一、听力复合式听写(本题共70题,每题分,共

70分。)

CharacteristicsofAmericanCultureI.PunctualityA.Goingtothetheater:be[I]

twentyminutesprior【1]B.Eateriesresponsefordelaying[2]

:[2]pushthereservationtotheendofthelistC.Diningwith

Americansathome:beslightlylessrestrictiveII.EqualityA.Firstcome,[3]

[3]B.Briberytoreceiveany[4]isnotrecommended.[4]

HI.LittleconcernaboutdressA.noappreciationfor[5]aboutpeople'sdress

[5]B.popularityofuniformofjeansand[6][6]IV.

[7]tofeminismwordsamongwomen[7]A.beproudofachoice

betweenofficeandhomeB.dislikesuchissuesasguncontrol,abortionrights,and[8]

[8]V.PrideofefficiencyaboveallelseA.thinkofalmosteverything

inunitstobeproducedinthemosttimeand[9]manner.[9]B.

worktoearnmoneytobuyconsumergoodsthatwillpumpmoneyintotheeconomyVI.

ConclusionYouarcsupposedtoremember:A.theguidelinespointingtocharacteristics

thatareconsideredprevalentin[10][10]B.thetraitsoften

misunderstoodoroverlookedbytypicalshort-teamvisitors.

1、[I]'

标准答案:inlheirseats/'seaied

知识点解析:讲座开头提到美国人的第一个特征:守时。并以剧场为例来说明,大

多数美国人都“arcexpectedtobeintheirscatstwentyminutesprior”,由此可知此处

答案为血theirseats或seated0

2、[2]

标准答案:30minutes

知识点解析:录音提到在餐馆定位的相关情况“Amerethirty-minutedelaywillpush

youtotheend'\结合题目可知,答案应为30minutes。

3、[3]

标准答案:firstserved

知识点解析:此题说的是美国文化的第二个特征,即追求平等,提到service时,

录音中提到"onafirst-come>first-servedbasis'',因此答案为firstservedo

4:[4]

标准答案:specialtreatment

知识点解析:此题中的例子讲的是bribe不会得到anyspecialtreatment,由此可知

答案应为specialtreatmerito

5、[5]

标准答案:negativecorrmcnts

知识点解析:该题涉及美国人的第三个特点,即不在意穿着。但是对于别人的穿着

^negativecommentswillneverbeappreciated5',结合题目,可知此处答案应为

negativecommentso

6、[6]

标准答案:T-shirts

知识点解析:此题涉及到美国人穿着的特点,要求随意,喜欢jeansandT-shirts,

结合题目可知此处答案应为T-shirtSo

7、[7]

标准答案:Sensitivity

知识点解析:本题涉及到美国的女性对于女性主义词语的态度问题,录音中没有出

现跟题目一样的词句,但是从"visitorsshouldtreadcarefullyifdiscussingfeminismin

anyform”这句话可以看出,美国女性对于这类词语的态度是非常敏感的,否则访

客也不需要小心谨慎了,因此答案为Sensitivityo

8、[8]

标准答案:laciidissues

知识点解析:此题涉及到与美国人谈话需要顾及的点,从录音可知,美国人不喜欢

敏感话题,例如“guncontrol,abortionrights,andracialissues",考题已给出前两

项,因此答案为racialissues©

9、[9]

标准答案:cost-efficient

知识点解析:此题涉及到美国人的另一特点,祟尚效率第一,对待任何事情都是

“inthemosttimeandcost-efficientmanner",由此可得出答案为cost-efficient□

10、[10]

标准答案:mostAmericans

知识点解析:最后总结美国人的特点,其中提到讲座中所讲内容为大多数美国人所

信奉并遵守,录音中提到“prevalentamongmostAmericans”,因此答案应为most

AmericanSo

二、听力对话组题(本题共5题,每题1.0分,共5

分。)

Accordingtothedialogue,whatclassisProf.Greenteaching?

11、Accordingtothedialogue,whatclassisProf.Greenteaching?

A、Literature.

B、History.

C^Economics.

D、Psychology.

标准答案:A

知识点解析:在谈到第一周的教学计划时,ProfessorGreen提到了JuliaStephen的

小说WalkingtheDragons,并指出学习的关注点是thelivingconditionsofpeasants

duringthe1930s,即20世纪30年代农民的生活条件,由此可知,ProfessorGreen

教的是文学课,故答案为[A]。

12、Theassignmentinweekthreeshould

A^focusonthechangeofpeasants,lifestylefrom1930to1940.

B、beonetotwopageslong.

C、beabriefresponsetoStephen'snovel.

D、focusonthelivingconditionsofpeasantsduringthe1930s.

标准答案:A」「

知识点解析:根据句⑵可知,第三周论文的主题是20世纪30年代到40年代农民

生活方式发生的改变,故答案为[A]。

13>WhatdoesProf.Greensayaboutthebibliography?

A、Itisunnecessaryatall.

Itisnecessaryiftheessayisalongone.

C>Hesaysnothingaboutit.

D、Itisdefinitelynecessaryifstudentsquoteanauthor.

标准答案:D'

知识点解析:在被问及论文是否需要附上参考文献时,根据句(3)可知,写论文

时,如果援引了作者的活,就必须在参考文献中注明出处,故答案为[D]。

14、Whenisthethirdwritingassignmentdue?

A、Bytheendofthethirdweek.

B、Bytheendofthefifthweek,

C、Bytheendoftheseventhweek.

D、Bytheendofthenin:hweek.

标准答案:c

知识点.析:根据句⑷可知,第三次写作任务的截止时间是在第七周结束前,故

答案为[C]。

15、Howmanychaptersdoestheclasshavetoreadeachweek?

A^Five.

B、Ten.

C、Fifteen.

D^Eight.

标准答案:B

知识点解析:根据句(5—1)、句(5—2)、句(5—3)、句(5—4)、句(5—5)可知,第一

周阅读chaptersonetoten,第二周阅读chapterseleventotwenty,第三周阅读

chapterstwenty-onetothirty第八周阅读ch叩terssixty-onetoseventy可知。

ProfessorGreen的课程安排是前八周每周要阅读十章,版答案为[B]。

三、听力新闻(本题共2题,每题1.0分,共2分。)

16、CharlesSimonyimadehisfortuneworkingasaatsoftwaregiantMicrosoft.

A、worker

B、designer

C、engineer,

D、manager

标准答案:B

知识点解析:暂无解析

17、SimonyihelpeddesignbothMicrosoftWordandExcelprogramsbeforeleavingto

formhisowncompanyin.

A、I960

B、1981

C、1993

D、2002

标准答案:D

知识点解析:暂无解析

四、常规阅读理解(本题共3题,每题1.0分,共3

分。)

Americancultureisdefinedbyrathergradualmovementsfromonestageofsocialization

tothenext.Thelifelongsocializationprocessinvolvesmanydifferentsocialforceswhich

influenceourlivesandalterourself-images.FamilyThefamilyistheinstitutionmost

closelyassociatedwiththeprocessofsocialization.Obviously,oneofitsprimary

functionsisthecareandrearingofchildren.Wcexperiencesocializationfirstasbabies

andinfantslivinginfami'ies;itisherethatwedevelopaninitialsenseofself.Most

parentsseektohelptheirchildrenbecomecompetentadolescentsandself-sufficient

adults,whichmeanssocializingthemintothenormsandvaluesofboththefamilyand

thelargersociety.Thedevelopmentoftheselfisacriticalaspectoftheearlyyearsof

one'slife.IntheUnitedStates,suchsocialdevelopmentincludesexposuretocultural

assumptionsregardingsexdifferences.Theterm"genderroles"referstoexpectations

regardingtheproperbehavior,attitudes,andactivitiesofmalesandfemales.Asthe

primaryagentsofchildhoodsocialization,parentsplayacriticalroleinguidingchildren

intothosegenderrolesdeemedappropriateinasociety.Otheradults,oldersiblings,the

massmedia,andreligiousandeducationalinstitutionsalsohavenoticeableimpactona

child'ssocializationintofeminineandmasculinenorms.Differentialtreatmentof

childrenbyadultsisaninfluentialaspectofgender-rolesocialization.Letusconsidera

hypotheticalexampleofdifferentialtreatmentofchildrenwhichbeginsinthefamily.

RonandLouisearetwinswhobothshowanunusualinterestinscienceatanearlyage.

Forhisbirthdays,Ronisgivenchemistrysets,telescopes,microscopes,andthelike;

however,despiteaskingforsimilargifts,Louiseisgivenminiaturedollhouses,beautiful

dresses,anddancinglessons.Whenthetwinsareinjuniorhighschool,teacherstakenote

ofRon'sloveforscience.Theyencouragehimtodospecialprojects,tohelpwiththeir

laboratorywork,andtojointhescienceclub.Louiseisgivennosuchencouragement;in

fact,oneteacherconsidersherfascinationwithastronomy"strange"foragirl.Bythe

twins*highschoolyears,Roniswellknownasa"sciencewhiz."Theguidancecounselor

suggeststhatheattendacollegewithastrongscienceprograminordertoachievehis

goalofbecomingabiologist.Louisehasrealizedthatshewouldliketobecomean

astronomer,butthecounselorandherparentspressureherintopreparingforacareeras

anearlychildhoodteacher-acareerwhichtheyseeasmoresuitableforawoman.

Duringtheircollegeyears,RonandLouisemightdevelopself-imagesas"scientist"and

"teacher,"respectively.Ontheotherhand,Louisemightgettocollege,switchhermajor,

andbecomeanastronomerdespiteeveryone1sopp6sition.Neitheroftheseyoungpeople

isapassiveactorwhowillinevitablyfollowthetraditionalgenderrolesofAmerican

society.Yetitcanbeextremelydifficulttopursueacareer,oranyothertypeoflife

choiceifone'sparents,teachers,andthesocietyasawholeseemtobetellingyouthat

youareunmasculineorfemininefordoingso.Withoutquestion,differentialsocialization

hasapowerfulimpactonthedevelopmentofAmericanfemalesandmales.Likeother

elementsofculture,socializationpatternsarenotfixed.Therehas,forexample,beena

sustainedchallengetotraditionalAmericangcndcr-rolcsocializationinthelast15years,

owingingoodparttotheeffortsofthefeministmovement.Nevertheless,despitesuch

changes,childrengrowingupinthe1980sarehardlyfreeof.

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