【期末专题】菏泽市2019-2020学年高一下学期期末考试（B卷）英语试题（解析版）

2/22019—2020学年度第二学期期末考试高一英语试题（B）第一部分听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C个选项中选出最隹选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下-小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whichbrandofbottledwaterdoesthewomanmostwant?A.Wahaha.B.C’estbon.C.NongfuSpring.2.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hehasacold.B.Heisverytired.C.Hehasatoothache.3.Whichcolorhousedoesthemanprefer?A.Blue.B.Gray.C.Darkgreen.4.WhatdidthewomandolastSunday?A.Shestayedathome.B.Shewenttoafestival.C.Shehadmusicclasses.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acar.B.Abike.C.Asofa.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟：听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白仅两遍听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B.Directorandactor.C.Teacherandstudent.7.Whichinstrumentdoesthewomanplay?A.Theviolin.B.Thepiano.C.Thetrumpet.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Atabusstation.C.Atamovietheater.9.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Standinline.B.Buyheracoffee.C.Saveaseatforher.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whendidthemancleanouthisemail?A.Today.B.Yesterday.C.Lastweekend.11.Howmanymessagesdoesthemanhavenow?A.1000.B.1500.C.2000.12.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Missingimportantmessages.B.Takingtimetoorganizemessages.C.Receivingadvertisementmessages.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题13.Whereistheman'soldcar?A.Inhisgarage.B.Inarepairshop.C.Inthewoman'shouse.14.Whatisthereasonthemanwouldbuyabicycle?A.Toprotecttheenvironment.B.Togetmoreexercise.C.Tosavemoney.15.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantobuy?A.Abike.B.Amotorbike.C.Acar.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotowork.B.Gohometocookameal.C.Gotothecompanypicnic.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whichroadwasclosed?A.MainStreet.B.ColumbiaRoad.C.ThirdStreet.18.Howmanycarsweredamagedintheaccident?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.19.Howdoesthelocalmanfeelaboutthecrossroads?A.Angry.B.Afraid.C.Amazed.20.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AAdayawayfromthestressofcitylife!Aperfectexperiencefornaturelovers!OurOne—DaytourwilltakeyoutoseethemostbeautifulsunsetandsunriseatthetopofMt.Huangshan（YellowMountain）.ScheduleEarlyinthemorning:takethecablecartothetopofthemountaintoseethebreathtakingsunriseatCloudDispellingPavilion.Lateinthemorning:VisitsuchfamousplacesastheSixinfengPeak,theBlackTigerpinetree,theWritingBrushPeakortheXihaiScenicArea.Atnoon:haveatraditionalChineselunchatahotelonthetopofthemountain.Intheafternoon:gotothecitycentreofHuangshanandtakeawalkalongTunxiOldStreet,wheretraditionaloldbuildingslinethequietstreet.Intheevening:ReturntotheCloudDispellingPavilliontoenjoythesunset.Price:$327What'sincludedProfessionalandfriendlyEnglish-speakingtourguide;Breakfast,lunch,dinner;Allentrancefees;CablecarfeestoandfromtheCloudDispellingPavillion;TwonightsatBeihaihotelorsimilarstandardhotels;Hotelpickupanddrop-off.What'snotincludedExpensestoandfromMt.Huangshan;LocalChinese-speakingtourguide;Otherattractionsnotincludedintheschedule.1.Whereshouldthetouristsgotoseethesunsetandsunrise?A.SixinfengPeak. B.XihaiScenicArea.C.CloudDispellingPavilion. D.WritingBrushPeak.2.WhenwillthetouristsgotoTunxiOldStreet?A.Inthemorning. B.Atnoon. C.Intheafternoon. D.Intheevening.3.Thisone-daytourismostprobablysuitablefor.A.theBritish B.theChinese C.theDutch D.theGermans【答案】1.C2.C3.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个黄山的一日游旅行，介绍了日程安排和费用包含项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Schedule部分中Earlyinthemorning:takethecablecartothetopofthemountaintoseethebreathtakingsunriseatCloudDispellingPavilion.可知清晨：乘缆车到山顶看清云亭的日出。由此可知，游客应该去消云亭看日出日落。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Schedule部分中Intheafternoon:gotothecitycentreofHuangshanandtakeawalkalongTunxiOldStreet,wheretraditionaloldbuildingslinethequietstreet.可知下午：前往黄山市中心，沿屯溪老街散步，安静的街道两旁是传统的老建筑。由此可知，游客们下午会去屯溪老街。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据What'sincluded部分中ProfessionalandfriendlyEnglish-speakingtourguide可知专业友善的英语导游。由此可推知，这种一日游提供英语导游，结合选项可知最适合英国人。故选A。BWhenPeterZhuowasakidhecouldbarelyholdpencilproperly.He'deitherwrapallhisfingersarounditorholdituncomfortablybetweenhismiddleandfourthfinger.Throughpracticehemanagedtogetitrightwhenhewasabouteight.Nowat23,notonlycanheuseapencilcompetently,he'susingittochangetheworld,onestrokeatatime.Peter—whogoesbythenamePeterDrawfeltthedesiretodrawwithapurposeaftermeetingDaniel,ateenagerwithcerebralpalsy(脑瘫),inNovember2006.WhenDanielfirstjoinedPeter'sdrawingclassattheSpasticChildren'sAssociationofSingapore,PeterdoubtedifDanielcouldevencompleteadrawing.Butstrokebystrokethethen17-year-olddid."Hispassionfordrawingreallytouchedme.IfeltIshoulddomorewithmydrawingandhelpchildrenatthesametime,"saysPeter,whohassincetakenonsomemegaprojectstoraiseawarenessforhiscause.LastOctober,heearnedaplaceintheGuinnessBookofRecordsfordrawingtheworld'slargestcaricature(人物漫画).His360-square-metredrawingofHongKongactionstarJackieChanistwicethesizeofthepreviousrecord.Petercompleteditinjustthree-and-a-halfhourswhilethepreviousrecord-holdertookthreedays.AndinDecember,hetookonthechallengeofdrawingcaricaturesfor24hoursnon-stopinordertoraisemoneyforHabitatforHumanity,anonprofitorganizationthatbuildshomesforthelessfortunate.Petercompleted952sketches(素描)duringthetime.Theeventraised$6,000throughdonationsandhisaccomplishmentearnedhimamentionintheSingaporeBookofRecords.4.WhenPeterwasakid,.A.hehaddifficultyusinghispencil B.hewasunabletowriteawordC.hisfingerswereflexible D.hecouldn'tpracticewriting5.AfterPetermetDaniel,heintendedto.A.learndrawinglikeDaniel B.helpchildrenthroughhisdrawingC.becomeanactionactorlikeJackieChan D.winaplaceintheGuinnessBookofRecords6.Theunderlinedword“mega”inParagraph3maymean.A.profitable B.impressive C.interesting D.scary7.WhatdoweknowaboutPeter?A.Hedonated$6,000tobuildhousesforthepoor.B.Hedrewtheworld’slargestcaricatureinthreedays.C.HeraisedalotofmoneyforDanieltotreathisdisease.D.Hedrew952sketchesin24hourstoraisealotofmoney.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了画家Peter通过画了一些巨型的人物漫画来帮助孩子们的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中WhenPeterZhuowasakid,hecouldbarelyholdpencilproperly.He'deitherwrapallhisfingersarounditorholdituncomfortablybetweenhismiddleandfourthfinger.可知PeterZhuo小时候，他几乎不能正确握笔。他要么用所有的手指包住它，要么不舒服地用中指和无名指夹住它。由此可知，当Peter还是个孩子的时候，他很难使用铅笔。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中"Hispassionfordrawingreallytouchedme.IfeltIshoulddomorewithmydrawingandhelpchildrenatthesametime,"saysPeter…可知“他对绘画的热情真的打动了我。我觉得我应该在画画的同时帮助孩子们，”Peter说……由此可知，Peter遇到Daniel后，他打算通过画画来帮助孩子们。故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中His360-square-metredrawingofHongKongactionstarJackieChanistwicethesizeofthepreviousrecord.Petercompleteditinjustthree-and-a-halfhourswhilethepreviousrecord-holdertookthreedays.可知Peter画的是香港动作明星成龙，面积为360平方米，是之前纪录的两倍。Peter只用了3个半小时就完成了，而之前的纪录保持者则用了3天。由此可知，Peter承担了一些让人印象深刻的大型项目，以提高人们对他的事业的认识。划线单词意思为“令人印象的”。A.profitable有利可图的；B.impressive令人印象深刻的；C.interesting有趣的；D.scary可怕的。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段AndinDecember,hetookonthechallengeofdrawingcaricaturesfor24hoursnon-stopinordertoraisemoneyforHabitatforHumanity,anonprofitorganizationthatbuildshomesforthelessfortunate.Petercompleted952sketches(素描)duringthetime.Theeventraised$6,000throughdonationsandhisaccomplishmentearnedhimamentionintheSingaporeBookofRecords.可知去年12月，他接受了24小时不间断地画漫画的挑战，目的是为“人类家园”筹集资金。“人类家园”是一家为穷人建造房屋的非营利组织。彼得完成952素描期间。这次活动通过捐款筹集了6000美元，他的成就也让他被载入了《新加坡记录》。由此可知，Peter在24小时内画了952幅素描，以筹集很多钱。故选D。CEdDohringhaddreamedofreachingthetopofMountEverest.Butwhenhereachedthemountaintopafewdaysago,hewasshockedbywhathesaw.Climberswerefightingtotakeselfiesalongtheway.Theflatpartofthemountaintop,whichwasaboutthesizeoftwoPing-Pongtables,waspackedwith15or20people.Togetupthere,hehadtowaithoursinaline,withtemperaturedroppingto-30Celsius.“Atleast10peopledied.Andsomeseemedtohavebeenavoidable,”hesaid.“ItwasfrighteningwhenIhadtosteparoundthebodyofawomanwhohadjustdied.”Theproblemhasn'tbeensnowstormsorstrongwinds.Touristguidesandindustryleadersblamehavingtoomanypeopleonthemountainandtoomanyuntrainedclimbers.TheNepalesegovernment,hungryforeveryclimbingdollaritcanget,hasnostrictrulesaboutwhocanclimbEverest,andhasallowedmoreclimbersthanEverestcansafelydealwith.Itisjustaninvitationfordisaster—at29,000feet.Atthataltitude,adelayofevenanhourortwocanmeanlifeordeath.“Tobesure,oneofthebiggestproblemsthisyearseemstobethenumberofpeopletryingtoreachthetopofthemountainatthesametime.Andsincethereisnogovernmenttrafficpolicehighonthemountain,thetaskofdecidingwhenandhowmanygroupscanstartclimbingisleftuptotourismcompanies.”saidLukasFurtenbach,aguidewhorecentlyledhisclimberstotheChinesesideofEverestbecauseoftheovercrowdinginNepalandtherapidincreaseofuntrainedclimbers.“Butthegovernmentshouldnotjusttakewhatevertheycangetwhileignoringthenecessarytrafficrules.”8.WhydidEdDohringfeelfrightenedalongthewaytotheEverest'stop?A.Themountaintopwastoosmall. B.Afighttookplaceamongtheclimbers.C.Thetemperaturesuddenlyfellto30°C. D.Hehadtowalkoveradeadclimber'sbody.9.WhoshouldbemainlyresponsiblefortheproblemaccordingtoLukasFurtenbach?A.Thetrafficpolice. B.Thetouriststhemselves.C.TheNepalesegovernment. D.Thetourismcompanies.10.WhydidLukasFurtenbachtakethetouriststothepartofEverestinChina?A.Therewerefewerclimbers. B.Itwasalessdangerousroad.C.Theweatherwasbetterthere. D.Itwasanewlyfoundattraction.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.AnaccidentatthetopofMountEverest.B.ThepoormanagementoftheNepalesegovernment.C.ThecausesoftheaccidentsatthetopoftheMountEverest.D.ThemessystateofthetouristroadsintheMountEverestarea.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了EdDohring曾梦想登上珠穆朗玛峰，但几天前当他登上珠峰时，他被眼前的景象震惊了。山顶人太多，在气温降到零下30摄氏度的情况下，要登顶珠峰得排几个小时的队，并且至少有10人死亡。由于尼泊尔政府对谁能攀登珠峰没有严格的规定，允许的登山者人数超过了珠峰的安全承载范围。缺乏经验的登山者数量激增，登山路过于拥挤，进而导致攀登珠穆朗玛峰的死亡人数上升。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“ItwasfrighteningwhenIhadtosteparoundthebodyofawomanwhohadjustdied.”可知“当我不得不绕过一个刚刚死去的女人的尸体时，我感到很害怕。”由此可知，EdDohring在攀登珠峰的途中感到害怕，因为他不得不从一个登山者的尸体上走过。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Butthegovernmentshouldnotjusttakewhatevertheycangetwhileignoringthenecessarytrafficrules.”可知“但是，政府不应该只是拿走他们能拿到的任何东西，而忽略必要的交通规则。”由此可知，根据LukasFurtenbach的观点，尼泊尔政府应该对这个问题负主要责任。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中…aguidewhorecentlyledhisclimberstotheChinesesideofEverestbecauseoftheovercrowdinginNepalandtherapidincreaseofuntrainedclimbers.可知……最近，由于尼泊尔人满为患，未经训练的登山者迅速增多，这位向导带领他的登山者来到了珠穆朗玛峰的中国一侧。由此可知，LukasFurtenbach带游客去中国一侧的珠穆朗玛峰是因为尼泊尔一侧过于拥挤，中国一侧登山者少。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段Climberswerefightingtotakeselfiesalongtheway.Theflatpartofthemountaintop,whichwasaboutthesizeoftwoPing-Pongtables,waspackedwith15or20people.Togetupthere,hehadtowaithoursinaline,withtemperaturedroppingto-30Celsius.可知沿途登山者争相自拍。山顶的平坦部分大约有两个乒乓球桌那么大，却坐满了15到20个人。在气温降到零下30摄氏度的时候，他不得不排队等上几个小时。结合文章主要讲述了EdDohring曾梦想登上珠穆朗玛峰，但几天前当他登上珠峰时，他被眼前的景象震惊了。山顶人太多，在气温降到零下30摄氏度的情况下，要登顶珠峰得排几个小时的队，并且至少有10人死亡。由于尼泊尔政府对谁能攀登珠峰没有严格的规定，允许的登山者人数超过了珠峰的安全承载范围。缺乏经验的登山者数量激增，登山路过于拥挤，进而导致攀登珠穆朗玛峰的死亡人数上升。由此可知，文章主要内容为珠穆朗玛峰地区旅游道路的混乱状态。故选D。DScientistshavelongknownareliablewaytoloseweightinlabanimals;Cuttheamountofcalories(卡路里)by10percentto40percent.Anewstudysuggeststhatinyoungandmiddle-agedadults,takingin300caloriclesseverydaycanalsohaveabiginfluenceontheirbodyweightandhealth.InthenewstudypublishedthismonthintheLancet,researcherslookedatagroupof143healthymenandwomenagingfrom21to50.Theycouldeatthefoodstheywantedaslongastheycutabout12percentoftheirtotalcalories,orroughly300caloriesaday.Thegroupsawtheirhealthimprove.Forexample,theirbloodpressurefell,andtheyhadbetterbloodsugarcontrol.“Thebenefitscamefromthefactthattheylostabout16poundsoverthetwoyearsofthestudy,”saidWilliamKraus,theleadauthorofthestudyandaprofessorofmedicineatDukeUniversity.“Weweresurprisedbythesechanges,”headded.“Inadiseasepopulation,therearen'tfivedrugsincombination(组合)thatwouldgetsuchabigimprovement.”Caloriescutmaybeusefulforbetterhealthandweightloss,saidFrankHu,thechairmanofthenutritiondepartmentattheHarvardSchoolofPublicHealth.Buthequestionedwhethercaloriccutwouldbepossibleformostpeoplesincewearelivinginanenvironmentwithsomanyenergy-rich,nutrient-poorfoodsthatarecheap,andheavilyadvertised.Hesuggested,however,thatsomepeoplemightfindcaloriecutpossibleiftheycombineditwithotherpopulardietsliketheMediterraneandiet.Dr.Kraussaid,“It’snotthathardtocutaslittleas300caloriesadayfromtheirdiets.Itjusttakesanafter-dinnersnack.”12.Howmuchcaloriesdoesamiddle-agedadultusuallytakeineachday?A.About300. B.About750. C.About2,500. D.About3,000.13.WhatledtothehealthbenefitsinthenewstudyaccordingtoWilliamKraus?A.Thecombinationoffivedrugs. B.Theweightloss.C.Theenergy-richsnacks. D.Thedeliciousfoods.14.WhatisFrankHu’sattitudetowardtheadviceinthenewstudy?A.Doubtful. B.Favorable. C.Uncaring. D.Curious.15.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.HotDebateonDifferentWeight-losingDietsB.NewHealthGuidelinesPublishedfortheAdultsC.TheEasiestWaytoStayFitandHealthyEverFoundD.Cutting300CaloriesaDaytoStayHealthyEveryDay【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究表明：年轻人和成年人每天减少300卡路里有助于健康。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Theycouldeatthefoodstheywantedaslongastheycutabout12percentoftheirtotalcalories,orroughly300caloriesaday只要他们减少总热量的12%，或每天大约300卡路里，他们可以吃他们想要的食物。300/12%=2500，可知，一个中年人每天通常摄入约2500卡路里。故选C项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Thebenefitscamefromthefactthattheylostabout16poundsoverthetwoyearsofthestudy,”saidWilliamKraus,WilliamKraus说，“这些好处来自这样一个事实：在两年的研究中，他们减掉了约16磅(约合16公斤)。”可知，根据WilliamKraus的新研究，是减肥带来了健康的益处。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段中Buthequestionedwhethercaloriccutwouldbepossibleformostpeoplesincewearelivinginanenvironmentwithsomanyenergy-rich,nutrient-poorfoodsthatarecheap,andheavilyadvertised.但是他质疑是否对大多数人来说降低热量是可能的，因为我们生活的环境中有那么多高能量，低营养的食物，而且价格便宜，广告铺天盖地。可知，FrankHu对这项新研究的建议是表示怀疑的态度。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中Anewstudysuggeststhatinyoungandmiddle-agedadults,takingin300caloriclesseverydaycanalsohaveabiginfluenceontheirbodyweightandhealth.一项新的研究表明，对于年轻人和中年人来说，每天少摄入300卡路里也会对他们的体重和健康产生很大影响。以及通读全文，可知，本文主要是讲述了一项新研究表明年轻人和成年人每天减少300卡路里有助于健康，因此文章最佳标题选项D“每天减少300卡路里来保持健康”符合题意。故选D项。第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最隹选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtostayfocusedinclassBeingrelaxedduringclassisabadhabit，anditisalsobadtoyourgrade．Focusinginclassnotonlyprovestoteachersthatyouareacapablestudentbutalsoshowsthatyouhavetheabilitytocontrolyourself，whichwillbeveryimportant．___16___Nomatterhowmuchyouwanttositwithyourfriendsduringtheclass，tryyourbesttoavoidthem．Talkingwithfriendsaroundyouisnotgoingtogiveyouthefocusinclass．Thiswillgetyouintotrouble．Lookatteacherandmakeeyecontact．Yourteacherisnotjuststandinguptheretalking．___17___Showtheteacherthatheorshehasyourfullattentionbylookingthemintheeye．Thispersonshouldhaveyourfullattentionatalltimesduringclass．Takenotes．Bytakingnotes，you'llbeableto"getinto"thelesson．Writedownkeypointsasyourteacherspeaks．Andlistentothekeyphrasessuchas"Thisisimportant""Thisisthemainidea""Thiswillbethetest"etc．___18___Getinvolvedinclassdiscussions．Thisisawonderfulwaytobecomeamorefocused，successfulstudent．Whenateacherasksaquestion，offertoanswerit．___19___Thisshowstheteacherthatyouarelisteningcarefullyduringtheclass．Askaquestion．___20___Thisreallyshowsyourteacherthatyouwanttobebetter，andcanrecognizethethingsyouarehavingdifficultywith．Chancesarethatsomeoneelseintheclasshasthesamequestion（andwastooafraidtoask!）．They'llberelieved，andsowillyou．A.Avoidsittingwithfriends．B.Thiscanhelpyoulistenmoreattentively．C.Ifheorsheaskforanopinion，shareyourown．D.Talkingwithfriendsmakesyouloseinterestinclass．E.Heorsheistryingtogiveyouanacceptableeducation．F.Themorequicklyyouanswer，themoreattentionyoupay．G.Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething，neverbeafraidtoask．【答案】16.A17.E18.B19.C20.G【解析】这是一篇说明文，简要列举了几条如何在课堂上保持注意力集中的建议。【16题详解】考查上下文推理能力。设空处为本段的主题句。从内容上看，本段主要讲课堂上尽量不要与朋友坐在一起，因为与周围的朋友交谈会分散注意力。选项A.Avoidsittingwithfriends(避免和朋友坐在一起)符合题意，故选A项。【17题详解】考查上下文推理能力。根据本段主题句Lookatteacherandmakeeyecontact可知，要跟老师进行眼神交流。设空处顺接上文，进一步说明课堂上老师不仅仅是在讲话，他们其实是在努力让自己的课程得到学生的接受，E项符合语境，故选E。【18题详解】考查上下文推理能力。根据本段小标题可知话题为“做笔记”，再根据设空处上文Bytakingnotes，you'llbeableto"getinto"thelesson．可知课堂上要记笔记，记下老师所讲的重点，设空处置于短尾，总结上文说明这样做的好处，即有利于更专心地听讲，选项B符合语境，故选B。【19题详解】考查上下文推理能力。本段主题是要加人课堂讨论，即当老师提出问题时，要主动回答。如果他或她想知道大家的观点，要敢于分享自己的想法，C项符合语境。故选C。【20题详解】考查上下文推理能力。从内容上看，本段主要讲课堂上要敢于问问题，选项G承接主题句，引起下一句Thisreallyshowsyourteacherthatyouwanttobebetter，andcanrecognizethethingsyouarehavingdifficultywith．，敢于问问题能够让老师明白你追求上进并且了解你的困惑所在，空格后一句中主语This代指选项G.Ifyoudon'tunderstandsomething，neverbeafraidtoask(如果你有不明白之处，要敢于发问)的意思，并做出进一步解释，故选G项。第三部分英语知识运用第一节完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ibelieveeventhesmartestpeoplehavetoworkhardtoachievesuccess.Peoplemakethemselvesintowinnersbytheirown___21___.Manyyearsago,Itookthehead___22___jobataschoolinBaxley,Georgia.Itwasatraditionfortheschool'soldteamtoplayagainstthe___23___teamattheendofspringpractice.Theoldteamhadnocoach,andtheydidn'tevenpracticeto___24___thegame,buttomydisappointmentweweredefeated.Thinkinghardaboutit,Icameto___25___thatIhadtochangemy___26___towardstheirabilityandpotential.IstarteddoinganythingIcouldtohelpthembuildalittle___27___.Mostimportantly,Ibegantotreatthemlike___28___.Thatsummervacation,wemeteverydayand___29___passingandkickingthefootball.Sixmonthsafterourdefeat,wewonourfirstgameandoursecond,andcontinuedto____30____.Finally,wefacedthenumberoneteaminGeorgia.Ifeltthatitwouldbea____31____forusevenifwelostthegame.Butmyboysbeatthem,givingmethegreatest____32____ofmylife!FromtheexperienceIlearntalotabouthowtheattitudeoftheleadercan____33____themembersofateam.Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushedand____34____them.Ihelpedthemtoseethemselves____35____,andtheybuiltthemselvesintowinners.Winnersaremade,notborn.21.A.tests B.luck C.efforts D.nature22.A.operating B.editing C.consulting D.coaching23.A.new B.excellent C.strong D.successful24.A.cheerfor B.preparefor C.helpwith D.finishwith25.A.realize B.claim C.permit D.demand26.A.decision B.attitude C.conclusion D.intention27A.pride B.culture C.fortune D.relationship28.A.leaders B.partners C.winners D.learners29.A.risked B.missed C.considered D.practiced30.A.expand B.improve C.relax D.defend31.A.shame B.burden C.victory D.favor32.A.chance B.joy C.concern D.offer33.A.surprise B.relate C.interest D.affect34.A.encouraged B.observed C.protected D.impressed35.A.naturally B.individually C.calmly D.differently【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.A26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.C32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了我执教的球队竟然输给了一个没有教练的队伍，失利后，我没有把孩子们看作失败者，而是鼓励他们，最后他们击败了佐治亚州的头号球队，这也让我认识到领导者的态度能够影响团队的其他成员。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家。A.tests考验；B.luck运气；C.efforts努力；D.nature天性。空前一句说我相信即使是最聪明的人也要努力工作才能获得成功，因此此处是说人们通过自己的努力使自己成为赢家，故C项正确。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多年前，我在佐治亚州巴克斯利的一所学校担任主教练。A.operating操作；B.editing编辑；C.consulting咨询；D.coaching训练、指导。根据空后的“Theoldteamhadnocoach”（老队没有教练）可知，我担任球队的主教练一职，故D项正确。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在春季训练结束时，学校的老队和新队比赛是一个传统。A.new新的；B.excellent优秀的；C.strong强壮的；D.successful成功的。根据空后的“Theoldteamhadnocoach”（老队没有教练）可知此处指“新队”，故A项正确。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：老队没有教练，他们甚至没有为准备比赛而训练，但令我失望的是我们竟然输了。A.cheerfor为……欢呼；B.preparefor为……做准备；C.helpwith帮某人做某事；D.finishwith完成、结束。空前一句说老队没有教练，他们自然就不能为准备比赛而训练，故B项正确。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细想想，我最终意识到我必须改变对我的球员能力和潜力的态度。A.realize意识到；B.claim宣称；C.permit允许；D.demand要求。空后的“thatIhadtochangemy___6___towardstheirabilityandpotential.”是我通过我带领的球队输给一支没有主教练的老队一事意识到的内容，故A项正确。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.decision决定；B.attitude态度；C.conclusion结论；D.intention意图。根据空后的“towardstheirabilityandpotential.”可知此处指“对我的球员能力和潜力的态度”，故B项正确。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始尽我所能帮助他们建立一点自豪感。A.pride自豪；B.culture文化；C.fortune命运；D.relationship关系。空后一句说我开始像对待获胜者一样对待他们，因此我想帮助他们建立自豪感，故A项正确。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最重要的是，我开始像对待获胜者一样对待他们。A.leaders领导人；B.partners搭档；C.winners赢家、获胜者；D.learners学习者。虽然输掉了比赛，但我仍把他们看成获胜者，以此帮助他们建立自豪感，故C项正确。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个暑假，我们每天见面，练习传接球。A.risked冒险；B.missed错过；C.considered考虑；D.practiced练习。我是教练，他们是球员，在一起自然是练习传接球，故D项正确。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：失利六个月后，我们赢得了第一场和第二场比赛，并继续进步。A.expand扩大；B.improve改进；C.relax放松；D.defend防御。空前一句说失利六个月后，我们赢得了第一场和第二场比赛，这说明我们进步了，故B项正确。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们面对的是佐治亚州的头号球队，我觉得即使我们输了这场比赛对我们来说也是一场胜利。A.shame羞愧；B.burden负担；C.victory胜利；D.favor赞同。空前一句说我们面对的是佐治亚州的头号球队，因此我觉得即使我们输了这场比赛对我们来说也是一场胜利，故C项正确。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我的孩子们击败了他们，这给了我生命中最大的快乐！A.chance机会；B.joy快乐；C.concern关心；D.offer提议。我的孩子们击败了佐治亚州的头号球队，作为主教练的我自然是非常高兴，故B项正确。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：从这个经历中，我学到了很多关于领导者的态度是如何影响团队成员的。A.surprise使吃惊；B.relate涉及；C.interest使感兴趣；D.affect影响。根据上文内容可知，我执教的球队竟然输给了一个没有教练的队伍，失利后，我没有把孩子们看作失败者，而是鼓励他们，最后他们击败了佐治亚州的头号球队，这说明于领导者的态度能够影响团队的其他成员，故D项正确。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有把我的孩子们看作失败者，而是鼓励他们。A.encouraged鼓励；B.observed观察；C.protected保护；D.impressed使印象深刻。根据上文内容及空前的“Insteadofseeingmyboysaslosers,Ipushed”可知，比赛失利后，我没有把孩子们看作失败者，而是鼓励他们，故A项正确。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我帮助他们用不同的眼光看待自己，最终他们把自己打造成了获胜者。A.naturally自然地；B.individually个别地；C.calmly冷静地；D.differently不同地。根据上文内容可知，比赛失利后，我没有把孩子们看作失败者，而是把他们看作获胜者，也就是帮助他们用不同的眼光看待自己，故D项正确。【点睛】本篇第13空难度较大，抓住上文第一场比赛失利后我对孩子们的态度以及最后一场比赛的结果是关键，根据上文内容可知，在第一场比赛中，我执教的球队竟然输给了一个没有教练的队伍，失利后，我没有把孩子们看作失败者，而是把他们看作获胜者，以此帮助他们建立自豪感，最后他们击败了佐治亚州的头号球队，这说明于领导者的态度能够影响团队的其他成员，故D项（affect）正确。第二节语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Countriesaroundtheglobearespendingbillionsofdollarsandlotsoftimeonvariousspacemissions,whethertoMarsorotherplanetsmuch___36___(far)away.Somepeoplearguethatweshouldstopwastingtimeandmoneyexploringspace.Instead,weshouldfeed___37___world'spoorandfindimmediatesolutionstootherproblems,suchaspollutionandfataldiseases.However,othersfeelthisisashallowview___38___failstorealizehowexploringspace___39___(help)us.Firstly,exploringspacehasalreadymadeadifferenceinthefightagainstworldhunger.Ithas___40___(direct)resultedinthemanysatellitesthatnoworbitEarth.Anumberofthesatellitesrecorddataonlandandweatherpatters.Aftercarefulanalysis,thescientistscanprovideusefulrecommendationsandadvice____41____farmers.Secondly,spaceexplorationhasalreadypromotedtechnologicalimprovementsthatbenefitusall.High-endproductsaroundtheworld___42___make)toahigherstandardnowbecauseofadvancedtechnologywhichwasfirstcreatedtomeetthe____43____(requirement)forspaceexploration.Finally,___44___(send)astronautsintospacehashelpedpeopletothinkabouttheworld'sproblemandeventofindways____45____(solve)them.Seeingpicturesofourplanetsasanislandinablackseamadepeoplerealizethatourplanet'sresourcesarelimited.【答案】36.farther37.the38.which/that39.helps40.directly41.for42.aremade43.requirements44.sending45.tosolve【解析】这是一篇说明文。世界各国在各种太空任务上花费了数十亿美元和大量时间，不管是去火星还是其他更远的星球。人们对此有不同的看法，文章就支持太空探索的人们的理由展开了三点说明。【36题详解】考查比较级。句意：世界各国在各种太空任务上花费了数十亿美元和大量时间，不管是去火星还是其他更远的星球。结合句意可知表示“更远的”，且指具体距离上的“远”应用far的比较级farther。故填farther。【37题详解】考查冠词。此处为固定用法“the+形容词”，表示一类人，此处指穷人应为“thepoor”。故填the。【38题详解】考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词view，且先行词在从句中作主语，指“观点”故应用关系代词which或that。故填which/that。【39题详解】考查主谓一致。宾语从句中主语为exploringspace，且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填helps。【40题详解】考查副词。修饰后文动词短语resultin应用副词directly，表示“直接地”。故填directly。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：经过仔细的分析，科学家可以为农民提供有用的推荐和建议。表示“为某人提供……”短语为providesth.forsb.。故填for。42题详解】考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为High-endproducts，谓语动词用复数。故填aremade。【43题详解】考查名词的数。句意：世界各地的高端产品现在都有更高的标准，因为先进的技术是为了满足太空探索的要求而创造的。结合句意表示“满足要求”短语为meettherequirements，requirement要用复数形式。故填requirements。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知send在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中缺少主语，故应用动名词短语作主语。故填sending。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。修饰名词way应用不定式作后置定语，findwaystodosth.表示“设法做某事”故填tosolve。第三节单词拼写根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。46.WangZhenga_________(道歉）toChenbecausehecouldn'tofferhermoremoney.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】apologized【解析】【分析】这是一道单词拼写题。【详解】考查单词拼写及时态。句意：王正向陈道歉，因为他无法给她更多的钱。这里考查单词拼写道歉apologize。又因为because后面接过去时态，考虑时态一致原则，前面的事情也是过去发生的事情，故也应该使用过去时态。故填apologized。47.TheysucceededinmakingrocketsthatcouldescapeEarth'sg_________(重力).（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】gravity【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他们成功地制造出了能够脱离地球重力的火箭。根据汉语意思“重力”可知应填名词gravity，作宾语。故填gravity。48.Ihavetoadmitthatitd_________(肯定）feelsgoodtobebackinthecityagain.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】definitely【解析】【分析】【详解】考查副词。句意：我不得不承认再次回到这个城市的感觉肯定很好。分析句子可知，谓语动词feels需用副词definitely修饰。故填definitely。49.Shepickedherselfupandlimpedawayint_________(眼泪）（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】tears【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词。句意：她爬起来，一瘸一拐地哭着走了。根据中文提示“眼泪”可知tear符合题意，短语intears“流着泪，含着泪”。故填tears。50.Peoplecelebratetoshowthattheyareg_________(感激的）fortheyear'ssupplyoffood.【答案】grateful【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：人们一起庆祝是为了表达他们对一年中食物供应感激之情。此处