2018-2019学年高中一轮复习英语必修二Unit2　TheOlympicGames

Unit2TheOlympicGames一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．mascotn．吉祥物2．Greecen.希腊3．Greekadj.希腊(人)的；希腊语的n.希腊人；希腊语4．magicaladj.巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的5．slaven.奴隶6．gymnasticsn．(pl.)体操；体能训练7．athleticsn．(pl.)体育运动；竞技8．stadiumn．(pl.stadiumsorstadia)(露天大型)体育场[第二屏听写]9．gymnasium(gym)n．体育馆；健身房10．motton.座右铭；格言；警句11．swiftadj.快的；迅速的12．similarityn.相像性；相似点13．physicaladj.物理的；身体的14．princessn.公主15．gloryn.光荣；荣誉16．princen.王子17．goddessn.女神18．strikern.敲击者；(足球的)前锋Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第三屏听写]1．ancientadj.古代的；古老的2．petevi.比赛；竞争3．petitorn.竞争者4．medaln.奖章；勋章；纪念章5．volunteern.志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的；义务的vt.&vi.自愿6．homelandn.祖国；本国[第四屏听写]7．regularadj.规则的；定期的；常规的8．basisn．(pl.bases)基础；根据9．athleten.运动员；运动选手10．admitvt.&vi.容许；承认；接纳11．nowadaysadv.现今；现在12．hostvt.做东；主办；招待n.主人13．responsibilityn.责任；职责[第五屏听写]14．replacevt. 取代；替换；代替15．chargevt.&vi. 收费；控诉n. 费用；主管16．finevt. 罚款17．postern. 海报；招贴18．advertisevt.&vi. 做广告；登广告19．bargainvi. 讨价还价；讲条件n. 便宜货[第六屏听写]20．hopelessadj. 没有希望的；绝望的21．foolishadj. 愚蠢的；傻的22．painn. 疼痛；痛苦23．deservevi.&vt. 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得24．take_part_in 参加；参与25．stand_for 代表；象征；表示26．as_well 也；又；还27．in_charge 主管；看管28．one_after_another 陆续地；一个接一个地二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.mascotn．吉祥物2.magicaladj.巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的3.gymnasticsn．(pl.)体操；体能训练4.gymnasium(gym)n.体育馆；健身房5.motton．座右铭；格言；警句6.gloryn.光荣；荣誉Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.ancientadj.古代的；古老的2.homelandn.祖国；本国3.basisn．基础；根据4.finevt.罚款5.foolishadj.愚蠢的；傻的6.painn.疼痛；痛苦7.postern.海报；招贴8.nowadaysadv.现今；现在核心单词练通1.Doesthebankcharge(收费)afeeforsettinguptheaccount？2.I'mshortofmoney,andcan'taffordanewcartoreplace(替换)myoldone.3.Chinahasmadeeffortsforabreakthroughinthetotalnumberofgoldmedals(奖牌)intheingWinterOlympicGames.4.MysisterboughtthisT­shirtatsuchalowprice.Shewasreallygoodatbargaining(讨价还价)．5.Youdeserve(值得)anawardfortherolethatyouplayed.6.Weattendedadinnerpartyhosted(主办)bythepresidentofthepany.7.Doyouknowhowmanyathletes(运动员)fromaroundtheworldwillpeteinthe2020OlympicGames？拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.volunteern．志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的；义务的vt.&vi.自愿→voluntaryadj.志愿的；自愿的2petevi.比赛；竞争→petitionn．竞争；比赛→petitiveadj.竞争的；有竞争性的→petitorn．竞争者3.regularadj.规则的；定期的；常规的→regularlyadv.定期地；有规律地→regulationn．规则；规章制度4.admitvt.&vi.容许；承认；接纳→admissionn．承认；入场费；准许进入5.responsibilityn．责任；职责→responsibleadj.有责任心的；负责的6.advertisevt.&vi.做广告；登广告→advertisern．广告商→advertisementn．广告7.hopelessadj.没有希望的；绝望的→hopev．&n．希望→hopefuladj.有希望的[用准用活]1.Eatingproperlyandexercisingregularly(regular)canmakeoneenjoyahealthierandlongerlife.2.Sheisinahopelesssituation,andshehopesthatsomeonewilleandhelpherputthrough.(hope)3.Alargenumberofvolunteersfromtheuniversityvolunteertoteachintheremotevillages.Theirvoluntaryworkiswellworthpraising.(volunteer)4.Alltheexcitedpetitorswhoarerelativelypetitivearepetingforthehonorofwinningthegoldmedalinthepetition.(pete)5.We'llberesponsibleforyoursafetyandyouneedtotakeresponsibilityforyouractions.(responsible)6.Advertisersaresupposedtobehonestabouttheadvertisements.Ifyouadvertiseyourgoodsinadishonestway,youwillbefined.(advertise)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.表示“愚蠢与聪明”的形容词小结①foolish愚蠢的；傻的②stupid愚蠢的③silly傻的④clever聪明的⑤smart聪明的；机敏的⑥bright明亮的；聪明的⑦wise明智的；聪明的⑧intelligent智能的；聪明的2.双写辅音字母的过去式、过去分词和现在分词①admit:admitted/admitted/admitting②permit:permitted/permitted/permitting③plan:planned/planned/planning④refer:referred/referred/referring⑤prefer:preferred/preferred/preferring⑥beg:begged/begged/begging⑦hug:hugged/hugged/hugging3.后缀­less构成的形容词集锦①hopeless无望的②careless粗心的③doubtless无疑的④helpless无助的⑤restless不安的⑥homeless无家可归的⑦useless无用的⑧countless无数的(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.take_part_in参加；参与2.as_well也；又；还3.play_a_role_in在……中起作用4.as_a_matter_of_fact事实上5.in_charge主管；看管；负责6.stand_for代表；象征；表示7.pick_up拾起；捡起；用车接某人Alargenumberofstudents①took_part_intheschoolsportsmeeting,andevensometeachersjoinedintheactivity②as_well.Thesportsmeetingwasagreatsuccess.③As_a_matter_of_fact,_headteachersandmonitorswhowere④in_charge_oftheactivity⑤played_animportantrole_init.第二组1.take_the_place_of代替……2.apart_from除了3.make_a_bargain_with_与……达成协议4.reach_the_standard达到标准5.on_purpose故意地；蓄意地6.work_out计算出；解决；锻炼身体7.one_after_another陆续地；一个接一个地Inorderto①reach_therequiredstandardItakeanactivepartintheEnglishcornerandotherafter­classEnglishactivities②apart_fromEnglishclasses,whichbenefitmealot.Besides,Imakeitaruleto③work_outatthegymafterschooleveryday.Astheresultofmyperformance,Iwasmademonitorofourclassto④take_the_place_ofLiHua.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“as”开头的高频短语一览①aswell也；又；还②asamatteroffact事实上③asaresult结果④asusual照例；照常⑤asfollows如下⑥asismentionedabove如上所说2.有无定冠词意义不同的短语荟萃①incharge主管；看管；负责inthecharge被掌管；由……负责②incontrolof控制；管理inthecontrolof被……控制③inpossessionof占有；拥有inthepossessionof被占有；为……所有(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.Noothercountriescouldjoinin,norcouldslavesorwomen！别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！“nor/neither＋情态动词/助动词/系动词be＋主语”构成倒装句型。她不会说这种语言，也不会写这种语言。Shecouldn'tspeakthelanguage,neither/nor_could_she_write_it.2.There'sasmuchpetitionamongcountriestohosttheOlympicsastowinOlympicmedals.国与国之间争取奥运会主办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。as＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as或as＋many/much＋名词＋as结构。人们普遍认为，教学是一种科学，也是一门艺术。It'sgenerallybelievedthatteachingisas_much_an_art_asitisascience.3.ThisisimportantbecausethemoreyouspeakEnglish,thebetteryourEnglishwillbee.这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语水平就会越高。“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”，意为“越……，就越……”。起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释我就越迷惑。AtfirstIthoughtIunderstoodwhatmyteachersaid,butthemoreheexplained,the_more_confused_I_became.

考点新组合阅读微技能Asweallknow,onlyathletes________❶havereachedtheagreedstandardfortheireventwillbeadmittedaspetitors.Alltheathletesareawarethatthehardertheytrain,theclosertheirdreams________(bee)❷.Nothingcanreplace❸hardtrainingonthewaytosuccess.ThereisnodenyingthatthelosersworkashardasthewinnersbeforetheOlympicsGames,soIbelievebothofthemdeserveourrespect.1.①处所在句为定语从句，应填关系词who/that。2.②处应填词的正确形式为will_bee。3.用高级词汇代替③处的replace:substitute_for。1．admitvt.&vi.容许；承认；接纳；容纳(1)admitdoing/havingdone/that... 承认……admitsb./sth.tobe 承认某人/某物是……(2)beadmittedto 被接纳进入；被录取到……(3)admissionn. 准许进入；入场费；承认[多角练透]单句语法填空①Headmittedtaking/having_taken_(take)themoneybutpromisednevertodoitagain.②Joeisproudandstubborn,neveradmitting(admit)thatheiswrongandalwayslookingforsomeoneelsetoblame.③Womengainedadmission(admit)totheclubonlyrecently.单句写作④考试结果可能会正如所预料的那样，我被我最喜爱的大学录取的梦想将会成为现实。(2014·四川高考书面表达)Theexamsarelikelytoworkoutasexpectedandmydreamto_be_admitted_to_my_favorite_universitywilletrue.熟词生义写出加黑单词在语境中的含义⑤Thedininghalltobepletednextmonthcanadmit1,000students.容纳2．replacevt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处replace...with/by... 用……替换……replace...as... 取代……而成为……taketheplaceof＝takeone'splace 代替；替代inplaceof 代替[多角练透]单句语法填空①Thatcouldbebecausesomanypeoplehavereplacedfacetimewith/byscreentime,theresearcherssaid.②Itisgenerallybelievedthatteacherswillneverbe_replaced(replace)byputersinclass.句型转换③JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtoreplacehim.→JohnisillandIwanttoknowwhoisgoingtotake_the_place_of_him/take_his_place.3．deservevi.&vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得；应得deservetodosth. 应该做某事；值得做某事deservetobedone＝deservedoing ……值得被做deserveconsideration/attention 值得考虑/注意[多角练透]单句语法填空①Hedoesnotdeserveto_win(win)anyrespectfromanybodyjustbecausehedoesnotknowhowtorespectothers.②Thosewhodogooddeservepraising/to_be_praised(praise)．补全句子③Withmanywildanimalsgraduallydyingout,thepresentsituationdeserves_attention/paying_attention_to.由于许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前形势值得注意。[名师指津]当物作主语时，deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need,want,require作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。4．the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..Thisisimportantbecausethe_moreyouspeakEnglish,the_betteryourEnglishwillbee.这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语水平就会越高。(1)the＋比较级．..,the＋比较级．.. 越……，就越……(2)themore...,theless... 越……，越不……①Themoreapersonreads,thewiser(wise)hewillbee.一个人书读得越多就会变得越明智。②The_more_careful_you_are,_thefewermistakesyouwillmake.你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。[名师指津]“the＋比较级．..,the＋比较级．..”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。考点新组合阅读微技能NotonlyLiHuabutalsohissisterwatchedthe13thNationalGamesofChina________(hold)❶inTianjin.HissisteraskedhimwhatthefiveringsontheOlympicflagstandfor________❷theysawtherisingOlympicflag.Thevolunteerinchargetheretoldherthatthefiveringsontheflagstandforthefivecontinentsontheearth.EveryathleteiseagertotakepartintheGames.Asweallknow,SunYangwasselectedtopeteintheGamesandwonfivegoldmedals❸.Regrettably,Ididn'tgotoTianjintowatchtheGames,nordidmyfriendLiPing.1.①处应填词的正确形式为held，在此处作后置定语。2.②处应填when，在此处引导时间状语从句。3.用“Itis＋过去分词＋that”结构改写句③It_is_well_known_thatSunYangwasselectedtopeteintheGamesandwonfivegoldmedals.5．chargevt.&vi.收费；控诉；充电n.费用；主管(1)chargesb.forsth. 为某物向某人收取费用chargesb.with(doing)sth. 控告某人(做)某事(2)takechargeof 掌管/负责……inchargeof 控制/管理……inthechargeof 受……的管理；由……负责(3)freeofcharge＝forfree 免费[多角练透]单句语法填空①Thepolicechargedthethiefwithstealingthejewels.②Howmuchdidhechargeyouforrepairingthispairofshoes?补全句子③Withtheticket,youmaygetaFrenchfriesfree_of_charge/for_freeinKFC.凭此券你可以在肯德基免费得到一份法式炸薯条。句型转换④Themanwhohadtakenchargeofthepanywaschargedwithtakingdrugs.→Themanwhohadbeenin_charge_ofthepanywas_accused_of_taking_drugs.[名师指津]表示“控告某人某事”还可以用accusesb.ofsth.结构。accuse常与of搭配，而charge常与with搭配。6．petevi.比赛；竞争(1)petein 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争petefor 为……而竞争petewith/against...for... 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争(2)petitionn. 比赛petitorn. 竞争者；对手petitiveadj. 有竞争力的[多角练透]单句语法填空①Livinginahighlypetitive(pete)society,youdefinitelyhavetoarmyourselfwithmoderntechnologyandskills.②MysonwasselectedtopeteintheLondonmarathon.③Theprizeforthewinnerofthepetition(pete)isatwo­weekholidayinParis.补全句子④Athletesfrommanycountriespeted_with/against_each_other_forthefirstgoldmedalintheRioOlympicGames.来自许多国家的运动员为获得里约奥运会的第一枚金牌而彼此竞争。7．standfor代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；容忍[一词多义]写出下列句中standfor的含义①InChina,theseknotsstandforfriendship,loveandgoodluck.代表②Weshouldrespectpeopleofallfaithsandstandforreligiousfreedom.主张；支持③Iwillnotstandforbehaviorofthatkindinmyhouse.容忍④Asweknow,pigeonsstandforpeace.象征[归纳拓展]standby 站在旁边；袖手旁观standout 突出；显眼；杰出standonone'sownfeet 自立；不依靠他人⑤Herbigeyesmakeherstand_outinacrowd,soyouwillrecognizeherimmediately.她的大眼睛使她在人群中很显眼，因此你会立刻认出她。8．takepartin参加；参与participatein＝takepartin 参加；参与takeanactivepartin 积极参加playapartin 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色[多角练透]句型转换①IstillrememberthatmanyChineseathletespetedinthe2016RioOlympics.→IstillrememberthatmanyChineseathletestook_part_inthe2016RioOlympics.单句写作②我们将去参加今年七月在你们学校举行的夏令营，这使我们感到非常兴奋。(2015·天津高考书面表达)Wewillgototake_part_in_the_summer_camp_held_by_your_schoolthisJuly,whichmakesusveryexcited.[名师指津](1)takepartin是固定短语，part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词；(2)在使用takepartin时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。9．nor引导的倒装句型Noothercountriescouldjoinin,nor_could_slaves_or_women!别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！(1)“nor/neither＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词＋主语”构成倒装句型，意为“……也不这样”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(否定情况)。(2)so＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词＋主语，意为“……也是如此”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(肯定情况)。(3)so＋主语＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词，表示说话人同意对方的观点或对前文内容加以强调或肯定，意为“……的确如此”。(4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型Soitis/waswith...或Itis/wasthesamewith...。①Youcan'tcancelthecontract,nor/neither_can_I.你不能取消这个合同，我也不能。②—JackisverycrazyaboutChinesecultureandfolkmusic.—So_he_isandso_are_you.——杰克对中国文化和民族音乐非常痴迷。——他的确如此，你也是。③Heisverycleverbuthedoesn'tworkhard;it_is_the_same_with/so_it_is_withhissister.他很聪明，但不努力，他姐姐也是这样。[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．It'sfoolish(fool)ofhimtodebatethequestionwithhisboss.2．Theyoungmanhadtoadmitdriving(drive)withoutadrivinglicense.3．Oneofthevolunteers(volunteer)fortherescueworkinjuredhimselfwhenhelpingothers.4．Alltheoldputersinvillageschoolswillbe_replaced(replace)withnewones.5．Sincehehadbrokentherule,hedeservedpunishing/to_be_punished_(punish)．6．Notalltheadvertisements(advertise)canbeusedtopromotethesaleoftheproducts.7．Themanager,togetherwithhisworkers,was_invited(invite)toattendthepartyyesterday.8．Thehousehasbeeninthechargeofhimformorethanayear.9．Therefore,let'staketheresponsibility(responsible)tobuildupalow­carboncitybyridingbicycles.10．Aseverybodyknows,thelazier(lazy)apersonis,themorethingsheneedstodotomorrow.11．To_pete(pete)moreeffectivelywithothers,youhavetoequipyourselfwithahighereducation.12．Concernedwiththeirhealth,manypeopletakeexerciseregularly(regular)andkeepabalanceddiet.13．Jennyboughtadressforonly20dollarsinasale;itwasarealbargain.14．Weknowthatitispainful(pain)forheavysmokerstogiveupsmokingrightaway.15．GNPstandsforGrossNationalProduct.Ⅱ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子1．是因为坏天气运动会才不得不被推迟。(强调句式)It_was_because_of_the_bad_weather_thatthesportsmeetinghadtobeputoff.2．参加英语演讲比赛是学习英语的一种很有帮助的方法。(takepartin；动名词短语作主语)Taking_part_in_the_English_speech_petitionisahelpfulwaytolearnEnglish.3．你练习得越多，理解得就越好。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)The_more_you_practise,_the_better_you_can_understand.4．他是个非常聪明的男孩，我们都非常喜欢他。(so...that...)Heisso_clever_a_boy_thatwealllikehim.5．我们现在生活在所谓的“信息时代”。(what从句)Weliveinwhat_is_called“InformationAge”nowadays.6．Jack被接受成为我们学校篮球队的一名队员。(beadmittedas)Jack_was_admitted_as_a_memberofourschoolbasketballteam.7．下课了，学生一个一个地走出了教室。(oneafteranother)Classwasoverandstudentswent_out_of_the_classroom_one_after_another.8．她日夜工作，现在她应该得到很好的休息。(deserve)Sheworkeddayandnightandnowshe_deserves_a_good_rest.Ⅲ.句型转换/一句多译1．Ifyoudon'tattendthemeeting,Iwon't,either.→Ifyoudon'tattendthemeeting,_neither_will_I.2．Theydidn'tfinishthetasksuccessfullyandwerescoldedbytheboss.Soitwaswithus.→Theydidn'tfinishthetasksuccessfullyandwerescoldedbytheboss.It_was_the_same_withus.3．IfyoudevotemoretimetopracticingyourspokenEnglish,itwillbeemorefluent.→The_more_timeyoudevotetopracticingyourspokenEnglish,the_more_fluentitwillbee.4．这家公司在昨天的报纸上登广告想雇用一名销售人员。①Thepanyadvertised_forasalesmaninyesterday'snewspaper.(advertise)②Thepanyput/placed_an_advertisement_forasalesmaninyesterday'snewspaper.(advertisement)5．首先保持一种开放的思想，因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。①Whatesfirstistokeepanopenmind,becauseeveryone'sideasdeserve_consideration.(deserve＋n.)②Whatesfirstistokeepanopenmind,becauseeveryone'sideasdeserve_considering.(deserve＋doing)③Whatesfirstistokeepanopenmind,becauseeveryone'sideasdeserve_to_be_considered.(deserve＋tobedone)6．他不能掌管那家电脑公司，因为这超出了他的能力。(charge)①Theputerpanycan'tbein_the_charge_ofhimbecauseitisbeyondhisability.②Hecan'ttake_charge_oftheputerpanybecauseitisbeyondhisability.③Hecan'tbein_charge_oftheputerpanybecauseitisbeyondhisability.[高考拆组训练]阅读理解组块专练——练速度(限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解ADearMary，Itwassonicetoreadyourlettertheotherday.Ihavealwaysdreamedabouthavingapenfriend.Hopefully,wecanlearnfromeachotherandgrowtobetheverybestoffriends.Itismywishthatourletterswillletusgettoknoweachotherandsharepartsofourlives.YourhorseShannonsoundsbeautiful.Iamveryjealous(羡慕的)thatyougettoliveonafarm.IcannotimaginehowmuchfunitistorideahorsethroughendlessfieldsandIwouldlovetoeandvisityouoneday.Yoursiblings(兄弟姊妹)alsosoundlovely.Iamanonlychild,soIcanonlyimaginewhatitisliketohaveolderbrothersandsisters.LifeinNewYorkissobusyanditisdifficulttofindthetimetogettoknowpeople.Evenbeingclosetomyclassmateshasprovedtobequitedifficultovertheyears.However,attimesitcanbethemostamazingcityinthewholewideworld.Atnightitissobrightandlivelyandthewholeplaceisfullofthingstodo.Ilovereadingtoo!IhaveneverreadanybooksbyyourfavoriteauthorEnidBlytonthough.Iwillhavetogotomylocallibraryandfindsome.Ialsoenjoydancingandoftenenterpetitions.Myotherfavoritehobbyisiceskating.Inwinter,IskateinCentralPark.Intheotherseasons,Igotoanindoorrink(溜冰场).Iamhopingtostartenteringiceskatingpetitionsnextyear.Anyway,Ihavetogonowanddomyhomework.IreallyhopethatIhearfromyousoon!Lotsoflove，Megan语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。作者通过这封信向对方介绍了一些自己的情况并表示非常高兴能和对方成为好朋友。1．Whatcanweinferfromtheletter?A．Meganhaspenfriendsallovertheworld.B．MaryplanstovisitMeganinNewYork.C．MeganhasbeenwritingtoMaryforyears.D．MaryandMeganhavejustbeefriends.解析：选D推理判断题。由第一段中的“Itismywishthatourletterswillletusgettoknoweachotherandsharepartsofourlives.”可知，玛丽和梅甘是刚刚结识的一对朋友，故选D项。2．WhatismainlydescribedinParagraph3?A．Mary'sfamily.B．Megan'shobbies.C．Mary'slifeinNewYork.D．Megan'sopinionofNewYork.解析：选D段落大意题。梅甘在本段中主要谈论了自己对纽约这个城市的看法，故选D项。3．HowisMarysimilartoMegan?A．Shelikesreading.B．Sheloveshorseriding.C．Shehasanolderbrother.D．Shelivesinthecountryside.解析：选A细节理解题。由第四段中的“Ilovereadingtoo！”可知，玛丽和梅甘都喜欢读书，故选A项。4．WhatdoweknowaboutMegan?A．HerfavoriteauthorisEnidBlyton.B．Shegoesiceskatingallyearround.C．Someofherclassmatesareherbestfriends.D．She'llenteradancingpetitionnextyear.解析：选B细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Myotherfavoritehobbyisiceskating.Inwinter,IskateinCentralPark.Intheotherseasons,Igotoanindoorrink(溜冰场)．”可知，梅甘一年四季都去滑冰，故选B项。BMyfriendEmilyhasthreeamazinglywell­behavedchildren.Theyputtheirtoysawaywhenshetellsthemto,gotobedwithoutmakinganynoise,andevensettletheirowndisagreementsorquarrels.Iactuallywitnessedher3­year­oldsonJohncalmlyaskingforatruckbackfromafriendwhohadpulleditoutofhishandssuddenly.Emilyadmitsthatherchildrenhavetheirmoments—“Theyarekidsafterall！”—butshesaysthatrealdiscipline(纪律)challengesarenotveryoften.“What'syoursecret？”Ionceasked,hopingshecouldimpartsomemuch­neededwisdom.“Doyouthreatenthemwithpunishment,givethemtime­outsorpraisethemwithprizes？”Iasked.Emilyshookherheadandsaid,“Nothinglikethat.IfI'vedoneanythingright,it'sthatI'vemadeitclearwhatIexpectfromthemfromthebeginning.Now,allIhavetodoissetthemanexampleandshootthemalook,andtheyknowtocontroltheirbehaviorandobeyrules.”Itmaysoundtoogoodtobetrue,butexpertsagreethatEmilyhastherightideaaboutteachingkidstobehave.“Whenyoumakeyourexpectationsclearfromthetimeyourchildrenareoldenoughtolearntowalk,theyacceptorabsorbthoseexpectationsandbegintoexpectthesamethingfromthemselves，”saysSharonK．Hall,authorofRaisingKidsinthe21stCentury.Inotherwords,sincekidsnaturallywanttopleasetheirparents,they'lltrytobehaveinthewaythatyou'vetaughtthemto.Infact,expertssaythatkidsasyoungas18monthscanunderstandandrespondtotheirparents'expectations.Thereisgoodnews:Teachingself­controltoayoungchildisn'tasworryingasitsounds.“Ifyousetoutfirmrules,tellthemwhy,offerlotsofpraiseandfollowrulesyourselfataroundage2,yourchildwillcatchonfaster,resistless,andfinallybehavebetter，”saysSharon.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者向朋友询问如何让孩子行为举止优秀，朋友的回答看似简单，其实蕴含着很深的道理。5．WhydoestheauthormentionJohninthefirstparagraph?A．Toexplainwhyheissoviolent.B．Toindicatehebehaveswell.C．Todescribehisdislikeofquarrels.D．Toshowhisunwillingnesstoshare.解析：选B推理判断题。第一段主要描述了朋友的孩子所表现出的优秀的行为举止，作者具体列举的John的例子正是要说明这一点。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impart”inParagraph2mean?A．Offer. B．Prove.C．Accept. D．Question.解析：选A词义猜测题。由画线词的上下文内容可知，作者希望朋友可以透露自己是如何让孩子的行为变得如此优秀。7．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A．Whatrulesshouldparentssetoutforkids?B．Whenshouldkidsbetaughtself­control?C．ThekeytogettingalongwellwithkidsD．Thesecrettoraisingwell­behavedkids解析：选D标题归纳题。综合全文内容可知，文章是就“如何培养孩子优秀的行为举止”展开的。CFormostofus,whenwethinkofsports,wethinkofplayingbasketballataneighborhoodcourtortakingtennisclassesatalocalfitnessclub.Butforsome,sportsmeansomethingdifferent:skydiving(跳伞)fromanairplanethousandsoffeetabovegroundorsnowboardingdownthesteepestofhills.Suchsportsarecalledextremesports.Extremesportsareactivities,mostlypracticedbyyoungpeoplethatinvolvegreatspeedorheight,presentacertainelement(元素)ofdanger,andrequirespecializedequipment.Andtheyarepracticedbyindividualswho,ratherthanhelpingateamtowinvictory,pushthemselvestotheirownphysicallimits,overingpersonalandenvironmentalobstacles(障碍)toachieveapersonalgoal.Extremesportsgivepeoplethechancetodowhattheywant.Forexample,insteadofgoingscubadiving,whichfocusesonsafetyandtheproperuseofequipment,whynottryandreachgreatunderwaterdepthswithouttheassistanceofbreathingequipment,asportknownas“free­diving”？TheXGames,heldeverysummerandwinter,aretheOlympicsofextremesports.Theyareviewedbymillionsofpeopleworldwide,andsomeoftheathletes'facesmightalsobeseeninOlympicevents,likesnowboardingorskijumping.Feweryoungpeopletakeupbaseballorfootball,andmanyareinfavorofsportslikecavediving,kitesurfing,orbungeejumping.Extremesportsarebigbusiness,becausetheyhavebeesopopular.CorporationshaverealizedthattheycanmakealotofmoneybybuyingexpensiveadvertisingtimeduringtheXGamesorhiringawell­knownathletetoadvertiseaproduct.Extremesportsfashionhasalsobeeahugemoney­makerforcorporations.Thelooseclothingbybig­namedesigners,alongwiththeaccessories(装饰品)suchassunglasses,hats,andgloves,areexpensive,lendingweighttotheargumentthatextremesportshavegonewiththegreedoflargepanies.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。极限运动是一项可以最大限度地发挥自我身心潜能，向自身挑战的娱乐体育运动，悄然成为都市青年最流行、最持久的时尚运动。8．Whatdoweknowaboutextremesports?A．Theyarepopularwitheveryagegroup.B．Theyarefriendlytotheenvironment.C．Theycanguaranteepeople'ssafety.D．Theyaregenerallynotteamsports.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，极限运动不是一项团体运动。9．WhatisstressedinParagraph3?A．Thegreatriseinpopularityof