语法填空-有提示词（数词）课件-高三下学期英语二轮复习专项

语法填空-数词

数词概述：表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词。数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词。题型考情分析

语法填空

、短文改错、单项选择

年份卷别数词数词2024新高考I卷forthefirst

timeforthefirst

time

全国甲卷

2023新高考Ⅰ卷

全国甲卷sixthsixth2022

新高考I卷thesize（倍数）thesize（倍数）2021新高考II卷seventhseventh1.（2024年新高考I卷语法填空）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalksvisitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor________firsttime.【答案】the【解析】考查和数词相关的固定搭配中的冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：forthefirsttime，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。【名词提醒】遇到长句时，瞻前顾后，除了兼顾句法句意外，还应当关注习惯用语。真题实战真题练习·命题洞现2.(2023年全国甲卷)Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe_____(six)century,B.C.【答案】sixth【解析】考查序数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。真题实战真题练习·命题洞现3.（2022年新高考I卷）TheChinesegovernmentrecentlyfinalizedaplantosetupaGiantPandaNationalPark(GPNP).Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes______sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.【答案】the【解析】考查倍数表达法。句意：中国政府最近敲定了建立大熊猫国家公园的计划。该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。此处考查倍数表达法，结构为：倍数+the+名词（size/weight/length...）+ofB，表示“是B（大小/重量/长度……）的多少倍”。故填the。真题实战真题练习·命题洞现4.(2021年全国新高考II卷)Inthe________(seven)grade,IstartedvolunteeringattheMontereyBayAquariuminCalifornia.【答案】seventh【解析】考查序数词。句意:七年级的时候，我开始在加州的蒙特利湾水族馆做志愿者。表示“七年级”用序数词。故填seventh。真题练习·命题洞现真题实战CONTENTS一、基数词的构成和应用二、序数词的构成和应用01一、基数词（一）基数词的构成和应用1.构成1至12逐个记one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve13-19加个teenthirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen20-90逢十后缀tytwenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety21-99连字符连十位与个位73seventy-three,67sixty-seven101-999hundred之后加and朗读时，先读百，再加and，后读几十几。1000以上每三位用逗号计数267,(billion)35,(million)740,(thousand)229（一）基数词的构成和应用常用基数词表IIIIIIoneeleventhirtytwotwelvefortythreethirteenfiftyfourfourteensixtyfivefifteenseventysixsixteeneightysevenseventeenninetyeighteighteenhundredninenineteenthousandtentwentymillion/billion/tribillion（一）基数词的构成和应用2.基数词的应用当dozen，score，hundred，thousand，million和billion修饰一个确切数量的名词时，这些词一不加s，二后面不跟介词of，但是当这些词修饰一个不确切数量的名词时，这些词后面既要加s，后面又要跟介词of。sixhundredpeople（six表示精确数量）hundredsofpeople（hundredsof是不确切数量，hundred要加s后面要跟of）inone’s+基数词整十的复数，把整十的数词变成复数形式，表示“在某人几十岁时”。inhisthirties在他三十多岁的时候inthe+年份s/年份’s，在整十的年代数词后面加s或加's。前面加定冠词the，表示“在……世纪……年代”。inthe1980s/inthe1980’s在二十世纪八十年代【高考导航】3.Inthelab,keepingthingscleanandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知识运用）在实验室里，保持物品整洁有序，有助于提供一个更安全的环境。c.（2021浙江卷知识运用）林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但自从向公众开放以来，就吸引了无数游客。3.Inthelab,keepingthingsclean11klandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知识运用）在实验室里，保持物品整洁有序，有助于提供一个更安全的环境。1.Forexample,acoatonafenceorapipeonthefloorwouldfrightenthemaway.(2021上海卷写作)例如，篱笆上的一件外套或地板上的一根管子会把他们吓跑。命题演练e.g.Awomaninher________(sixty)toldmeherhusbandhaddiedofcanceraweekearlier.【答案】sixties【解析】考查数词表达法。句意：一位六十几岁的妇女告诉我，她丈夫一周前死于癌症。inone'ssixties意为“在某人六十多岁时”。故填sixties。真题练习·命题洞现02二、序数词1.序数词的构成基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。一二三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，f来把ve替。ty改为tie。若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。口诀first—1stsecond—2ndthird—3rdfourth—4thsixth—6thtwentieth—20thtwenty-third—23rd其中1st，2nd，3rd为特殊形式，其它的都是阿拉伯数字后加th。缩写第一first第二second第三third第四fourth第五fifth除了first，second，third有独特形式以外，其他的通常是在基数词词尾加-th构成。构成●注意①第1至第19,除第1(first)、第2(second)、第3(third)外,其余均在基数词的后面加-th。8去t，9去e，f来把ve替，在这些序数词中fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth的拼写较特殊;②第20至第90中整几十的序数词是将基数词词尾的y变成ie,再加-th构成;③hundred,thousand,million,billion,trillion的序数词均在其后加-th,即hundredth,thousandth,millionth,billionth,trillionth。（二）序数词的构成及应用常用序数词表IIIIIIfirstelevenththirtiethsecondtwelfthfortieththirdthirteenthfiftiethfourthfourteenthsixtiethfifthfifteenthseventiethsixthsixteentheightiethseventhseventeenthninetietheightheighteenthhundredthninthnineteenththousandthtenthtwentiethmillionth/billionth注意：21以上多位数词，只将末位数变为序数词，前面的其他位数仍用基数词。如：21st→twenty-first;22nd→twenty-second;33rd→thirty-third;100th→onehundredth（二）序数词的构成及应用2.序数词的应用①序数词前一般要加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。LiWeidongisthefirst

studenttoleavetheclassroom.

Shenoticedamarkeddifferenceinthechildrenonhersecondvisit.AnneisMr.Brown'ssecondchild.②序数词前有时也可用不定冠词a，此时不强调顺序。“a+序数词”相当于another，表示“又一个，再一个”。

Whenitwasdark,theyorganizedanattackathirdtime.比赛或考试的名次前可省略the。

Jackwassecondintheexam.当序数词在句中作状语时，序数词前不用the。

Ifinishedtheworkfirst.习语中的序数词冠词需牢记。atfirst开始

atfirstsight乍看起来

firstofall首先forthefirsttime第一次“第几”：the+序数词+形容词/副词的最高级+名词单数。e.g.Chinaisthesecondlargesteconomyintheworld.the+序数词+（n.）+todosth表示“第几个做某事的...”。e.g.Iamthefirsttocometotheclassroom．It/This/Thatis/wasthe+序数词+time+that从句（前是is从句时态就用现在完成时have/hasdone，前是was从句时态就用过去完成时haddone）这是某人第几次做某事。ThisisthefirsttimethatIhavecometoyourschool．Thatwasthesecondtimethathehadbeenrejected.1.（2024年全国高三模拟）Thisisthe______(nineteen)boyI’vemetthisweekthatlikesskating.【解析】考查序数词。句意：这是我这周见过的第十九个喜欢滑冰的男孩。结合语意，此处指见过的第十九个喜欢滑冰的男孩，表顺序，则此处应填序数词表顺序，nineteen对应的序数词是nineteenth。故填nineteenth。【答案】nineteenth【名词提醒】遇到长句时，瞻前顾后，除了兼顾句法句意外，还应当关注习惯用语。真题练习·命题洞现命题演练2.TherearetwelvefloorsinthisbuildingandMr.Wu’sofficeisonthe________(four)floor.【解析】考查数词。句意：这栋楼有十二层，吴先生的办公室在四楼。所设空表达的是顺序，应用序数词，故填fourth。【答案】fourth【易错提醒】很多考生容易混淆和4相关的序数词，如fourth,fourteen,forty四十；fortieth第四十。命题演练真题练习·命题洞现3.ItwasthesecondtimethatmonththatJim_________(annoy)hismotherbecauseofhisrudeness.【解析】考查时态。句意：这个月已经是吉姆第二次因为粗鲁而惹母亲生气了。“Itwasthe+序数词timethat...”是固定句型，that从句中的谓语动词应该使用过去完成时，故填hadannoyed。【答案】hadannoyed命题演练真题练习·命题洞现倍数表达法(1)A+谓语+倍数+as+原级+as+B

Thefigureofseventy-milliondollarswastwiceasbigasexpected.(2)A+谓语+倍数+比较级+than+B

Themeetingroomisthreetimesbiggerthanouroffice.(3)A

+谓语+

倍数+

thesize(width/length/height/depth等)+of+B

Asaresult,FacebookisprobablytenormoretimesthesizeofTwitter.【高考导航】3.Inthelab,keepingthingscleanandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知识运用）在实验室里，保持物品整洁有序，有助于提供一个更安全的环境。c.（2021浙江卷知识运用）林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但自从向公众开放以来，就吸引了无数游客。3.Inthelab,keepingthingsclean11klandorganizedcanhelpprovideasaferenvironment.（2021天津卷知识运用）在实验室里，保持物品整洁有序，有助于提供一个更安全的环境。1.Forexample,acoatonafenceorapipeonthefloorwouldfrightenthemaway.(2021上海卷写作)例如，篱笆上的一件外套或地板上的一根管子会把他们吓跑。命题演练1.You’dbettergohometoseeyourparents__________(two)aweek.Theyneedmorecare.【答案】twice【解析】考查固定用法。句意：你最好每周回家看你父母两次。他们需要更多的照顾。twice意为“两次，两倍”，twiceaweek“一周两次”。故答案为twice。真题练习·命题洞现2.（2019年全国卷I）Ofthenineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six______(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.【解析】考查主谓一致。根据threearedeclining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polarbearsubpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。【答案】are【思维建模】本题和两空均和数词息息相关。第一空考查定冠词the与序数词的搭配。第二空考查数词作主语时意义的主谓一致。真题练习·命题洞现命题演练3.Acoupleintheir__________(seventy)livinginLondon,UKcanchoosetoplaygolfincouncil-runcoursescostingfrom￡10eachtime.【解析】考查数词。句意：住在英国伦敦的一对夫妇可以选择在议会经营的球场打高尔夫，每次收费10英镑。“inone’s+整十基数词复数”为固定用法，表示“在某人几十岁时”。故填seventies。【答案】seventies真题练习·命题洞现命题演练随堂练习I.单句语法填空1.

Itiscelebratedonthe__________

(fifteen)dayofthefirstmonthofthelunaryear.2.

Dickensstartedwritingnovelsinhisearly________

(thirty)andbecamesuccessfulalmostimmediately.3.I’dliketofighthimbecausehe’sundefeatedandIwanttobethe_____(one)mantobeathim.fifteenththirtiesfirst4.Itwasmy________(twelve)birthday.Mum,TomandIwenttothegametogether.5.AmericanAirlinesisthe_______(three)largestcarrieratDenverInternationalAirport.6.Whattheylearnthelpedthemmake______firstairplaneflightin1903.7.Thenewcountryroadis______(two)thewidthoftheoldone.twelfththirdthetwice8.Heisthe_______(five)persontoaskmethesamequestion.9.Ihavereadthetenthchapterbutnotthe_________(twelve).10.Itwasthethirdtimethatoneofhiscars_________(go)upinflames.11.Osakaisthe________(two)largestcityinJapan.12.YuriGagarinbecamethefirstman______(fly)inspace.fifthtwelfthhadgonesecondtoflyWiththe______(eight)timethattheAmericanwomen’sbasketballteamwontheOlympicgoldmedal,the2024ParisOlympicsendedallcompetitions.Withthispreciousgoldmedal,theUSDelegationgainedthe_______(forty)gold,tyingwithChina’sgolds.AftertheTokyoOlympics,theChinesedelegationhasalreadyachieveditsbestperformanceinanoverseasOlympics.OnAugust11,China’sweightliftingteamonceagainshowedtheinternationaljuggernautstatuswith5goldmedals.Inthewomen’smarathon,threeChineseplayersallrankedoutof______(fifty)place.AtthisOlympics,theChinesetrackandfieldteamranked_______(twelve)amongalltheteams.With14goldmedals,theUSdominatedtheeventinallfourgamesandwongoldmedals.Withthegoldmedalinthewomen’sbasketballfinal,theUSdelegationpassedChinainthegoldmedaltableatthelastminute.AlthoughtheChinesedelegationendedup_______(two)

behindtheUS,ChinahasbeenclosingthegapwiththeUS.ChinanowhasthesamenumberofgoldmedalsastheUS.IntheParisrankings,Japanwasthe______(three),andAustralia,the_______(four).II.语法填空（数词专练）eighthfiftiethtwelfthsecondfortieththirdfourthIII.语法填空：高考真题(综合训练)(2023年全国甲卷)Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)

(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe

(six)century,BC.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,

RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,

alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,

(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage

(intend)foreveryone.

(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility

savingtheirenvironment.Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwi