新人教版高中英语必修第一册学案1：Discovering Useful Structures

新人教版高中英语必修第一册PAGEPAGE1DiscoveringUsefulStructures语法感知观察并探究课文原句1．Therearemanyreasonspeoplelearnaforeignlanguage.2．ThatwasatimetheChinesepeopleweredividedgeographically.3．EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrytheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.4．ThesewereanimalbonesandshellssymbolswerecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.自我归纳1．先行词是表的名词reason,why在从句中作状语。2．先行词是表的名词time,when在从句中作状语。3．先行词是表的名词country,where在从句中作状语。4．先行词是名词bonesandshells,在which前加了介词，构成：(on,in...)＋(which)引导的定语从句。语法精析一、关系副词的用法关系词先行词从句成分例句备注关系副词when时间时间状语Iwillneverforgetthedaywhenwemetthere.可用onwhich代替where地点地点状语ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.可用inwhich代替why原因原因状语Ican’timaginethereasonwhyheturneddownmyoffer.可用forwhich代替基本用法关系副词起连接主句和从句的作用，又在从句中作状语，when,where和why分别表示时间，地点和原因。1．when在从句中作时间状语。常用onwhich,inwhich,atwhich,duringwhich等代替。e．g.Aprilthefirstisthedaywhenpeoplemakefunofothers.＝Aprilthefirstisthedayonwhichpeoplemakefunofothers.2．where在从句中作地点状语。常可由inwhich,onwhich,atwhich等取代。e．g.Thisisthehousewherehelivedtwoyearsago.＝Thisisthehouseinwhichhelivedtwoyearsago.3．whywhy在定语从句中作原因状语。可用forwhich代替。why不可引导非限定性定语从句，此时可用forwhich代替。e．g.Thisisthereasonwhyhewentaway.＝Thisisthereasonforwhichhewentaway.注意：不管先行词表示的是时间、地点还是原因，只要在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，引导词就要用which或that。I’llneverforgetthedays(which/that)wespentinthesmallvillage.我永远忘不了我们在那个小村庄度过的那些日子。(作宾语)Isthisthefarm(which/that)youvisitedlastweek?这是你们上周参观过的那个农场吗？(作宾语)Theparkwhich/thatattractsthemostvisitorswillbeclosed.吸引参观者最多的那个公园将要关闭了。(作主语)Thereason(which/that)heexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.他在会议上解释的原因并不充分。(作宾语)二、“介词＋关系代词”的用法1．“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用whose,which或whom，不用that。ThisisthepencilwithwhichIdrawpictures.这是我画画用的那支铅笔。2．“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法。关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义。(1)一先，即根据介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。WewillneverforgetthedayonwhichtheearthquakehappenedinWenchuan.我们将永远不会忘记汶川发生地震的日子。(2)二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。Heisthemodelfromwhomweshouldlearn.他是我们应该学习的榜样。(3)三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。Lookatthebuildingoverwhichisflyingaredflag.It’swhereIwork.看那栋上面飘着红旗的房子，这就是我上班的地方。3．“介词＋关系代词”前可有名词、数词或some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,one,few等代词，构成“名词/代词/数词等＋介词＋关系代词”结构。Herearethequestions,someofwhichIthoughtdifficultforyou.就是这些问题，其中一些我认为对你来说太难。课堂达标Ⅰ.找出下列各句中定语从句的引导词，并指出其功能1．Istillrememberthedayswestudiedinmiddleschool.(状语)2．Istillrememberthedayswespentintheislandinourholidays.(宾语)3．Thefactorymyfatherworksisverybig.(状语)4．Thefactoryisnearmyhomeisverybig.(主语)5．Thefactorywevisitedisverybig.(宾语)6．ThefactorynameisHDisverybig.(定语)Ⅱ.用适当的介词填空1．Air,whichmancan’tlive,isreallyimportant.2．Thewitnesswhomthepolicemenreferredwaskilled.3．Idon’tknowthereasonwhichhewaslateforschool.Ⅲ.用“介词＋关系代词”完成下列句子1．Tradingleathershoesisthebusiness(格林一家所致力于的)．(devote)2．Hehadalotoffriends,(没有人会提供帮助)tohimwhenhewasintrouble.(offer)3．Therearetwobuildingsthere,(较大的那栋大约有)ahundredfeettall.(stand)

▁▃▅▇█参*考*答*案█▇▅▃▁语法感知观察并探究课文原句1．why2．when3．where4．onwhich自我归纳1．原因；原因2．时间；时间3．地点；地点4．on；介词；关系代词课堂达标Ⅰ.找出下列各句中定语从句的引导词，并指出其功能1．when2．whi