英语发音练习

4+1语音语调

UNITONE:美语发音概述

AnOverviewofAmericanEnhlishPronunciation

英语语音音素的分类较易掌握。根据元音发音过程中舌头抬起的部位不同可分为前、中、后元音（具体细节请

参考Lesson1）,如音素［i:］在发音时舌前端抬起是为前元音，音素［u］发音时舌后部抬起是为后元音；根据辅音发

音时声带的震动与否可分为清、浊辅音或根据发音时气流通过口腔的方式不同可分为摩擦辅音、爆破辅音等（具体

细节请参考Lesson1）。如音素［p］和田在发音时声带没有震动，称之为清辅音。而音素［b］和［v］在发音时声带振

动，则称之为浊辅音。另外在音素［p］与［0的发音过程中，通过口腔中的气流由上下嘴唇一堵一放，按这种走气方

式所发出的辅音，称其为爆破音。而有些音素在发音时，气流在口腔中一些特定的部位产生摩擦，如音素田与［V］

是气流在上齿与下齿之间摩擦而生的，这类辅音被称为摩擦音。这些分类乍看起来很复杂，其实通过分类表格进行

分类、比较之后，就显得简明易懂，容易记忆了。

英式发音与美式发音的差异在发音上虽有一定的规律，但掌握起来并不是很容易，需要大量的听力练习。本章

除系统地介绍了英、美发音中元音及一些辅音的不同之外，还在听力分辨的训练上采取了简单而有针对性的对比练

习，如：单词are,英式发音为［A:］,在发音时不卷舌；美式发音为［Ar］,发音时要卷舌。再如：单词hot,英式

发音为［hCt］,美式发音为［hAt］。通过对比一些拼写相同但英、美发音不同的单词的发音，分辨其不同之处，来把

握美音同英音的差异。英语音素的分类知识对于掌握正确的发音及单词的拼写规律很有帮助。通过对音素的了解，

可以使大家很容易地掌握朗读中的音的变化，进而解决听力中被视为老大难问题的“音变现象”。

在听力中区分英音与美音时很重要的，这是基本功。了解美语发音所不同于英语发音的一些特色，有利于大家

深入学习和掌握地道的美语发音.

SECTIONONE

BePrepared

学习内容

i.音素分类，包括元音及辅音分类。

2.英式发音与美式发音的区别，包括元音及辅音发音的区别。

学习目标

1.掌握简单的英语音素的分类知识。

2.了解英式发音与美式发音的区别。

学习方法

1.本章大部分属常识性内容，阅读即可。

2.少量听辨及跟读练习，只需听一听，并加以适当模仿即可。

LESSON1发音类别

THECLASSIFICATIONOFENGLISHPHONEMES

・WarmUp语音课堂

基本分类及常识

语音分元音和辅音两大类，每一个语音必定属于这两者之一。

Allthephoneticsoundsaredividedintovowelandconsonant.

元音

元音是一种有声音，发音时用舌头和嘴唇使口腔定形，声带震动。同时气流从咽腔和口腔不断流出，不受阻碍,

也没有变狭窄，因而听不出摩擦。

Vbwel：vowelisavoicedsound.Thevocalcordsvibrate,whiletheoralcavityissampledbythetongueandlips.Atthe

sametime,theairispassingfromthelarynxtothemouthwithoutobstruction.

辅音

（在正常言语中）除元音外所有的其他音都叫辅音。一部分辅音发音时，气流不通过口腔，如［m］；另一部分

辅音发音时，气流在通过口腔时，受到这样或那样的阻碍，或在口腔中的某个点受到摩擦。

Consonant：Alltheothersoundsexceptvowelsareconsonants.Forsomeconsonants,whentheyarepronounced,the

airdoesn'tpassthemouthas/m/.forothers,whenitispassingthroughtheoralcavity,theairwillreceivethisorthatkind

ofobstruction.Oritisaffricatedatacertainpoint.

元音和辅音的特征

ThecharacteristicsoftheVowelsandConsonants：Vowelsaresoundsproducedwithoutobstructionoftheair

streaminthemouth.Inproducingthemthereisvibrationofthevocalcords.Soallvowelsarevoiced.Consonantsare

soundsproducedbysomeformofobstructionoftheairpassageandmaybeeithervoicedorvoiceless.

☆•元音分类精讲

|元音分类A|

根据发音时舌头在口腔中抬起的部位不同，我们把单素元音分为前元音、中元音和后元音。(Whenwepronounce

amonophing,thejaw,tongueandlipsdonotmoveatalLTherearetwelvemonophthongs,andwedividethemintofront

vowel,centralvowelsandbackvowels,bothinBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbasedonthepartsofthetonguethat

countthem.

•PartOne前元音听辨及跟读

舌前部向硬领抬起时发出的元音叫前元音。

前元音(FrontVowels)主要有：(Whicharemadebyraisingthefrontofthetonguetowardsthehard

palate.)

A・Practicethesefoursoundsinphrases.

eatthemeatajazzbandaplasticbagwetwithsweat

makeawishthreetreestheChinesepeopleahappymarriage

verywellbestfriendabitchillyafriendinneed

amadmanablackbagTeddyBearfitasafiddle

keeptheseatPeter'ssecrethandinhandbestseller

sitdownasmallfishapieceofcheeseonbehalfofourclass

getreadytenmenbitbybit

B・Nowpracticethesoundinsentences.

(1)PleasespeakEnglish.

DickgivesLilyabigkiss.

Thebooksellswell,Iguess.

Don'tletthecatoutofthebag.

(2)Seeingisbelieving.

Theystayedtogetherthroughthickandthin.

Lefsgeteverythingready.

Theyranhandinhand.

(3)Steveliveson333PetersonStreet.

Canyougivemealift?

Remembertogetmeteneggs.

Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.

(4)Don'tspeakChineseinanEnglishclass.

Isitspringorstillwinter?

Alliswellthatendswell.

Patsatonthegrasswithaglassinhishand.

(5)Pleasekeepthisseatforme.

Maryisfiftynow,butshe'sstillfitasafiddle.

Betterlatethannever.

SallymarriedahandsomeyoungmannamedJerry.

•PartTw。中元音听辨练习

舌中部向硬颗抬起时发出的元音叫中元音。

中元音(CentralVbwels)主要有：[Q],[D],[K](whicharemadebyraisingthemiddleofthetonguetowardsthe

dividinglinebetweenthehardandsoftpalates.)

A・Practicethesethreesoundsinphrases.

thefirsttermonceinamonththeteachersofChina

alongtermanervousnurseasuddenjump

somemoneyasheetofpaperthethirdworld

learnthewordsatoughsonthedoctor'sdaughter

amongtheworkersanearlybirdjustforfun

somehoneyadropofwateranactivelearner

afirmgirlafunnycoupleatthecounter

neverforgetadirtyshirtbloodforblood

B・Nowpracticethesoundinsentences.

(1)Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.

Myyoungerbrother'sadoctor.

Enoughisenough.

(2)Firstcome,firstserved.

Petercanusethecomputerprettywell.

Iwonderwho'scomingtolunch.

(3)ThegirlshavetolearnWorldHistoryfirst.

Peter'sfatherisaproffesso匚

Mybrotherlivesinthecountryside.

(4)Earlhasworkedinthatfirmforthirtyyears.

You'dbetterdoitfaster.

Hewasrunningtocatchthebus.

(5)Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.

Myyoungersisterisalsoacomputerexpert.

Nevertroubletroublesuntiltroublestroubleyou.

(6)Heseemstogetworseandworse.

Lefshaveaget-togetheraftersupper.

Howmuchistoomuch?

(7)Birdsofafeatherflocktogether.

Givemesomebutterandsugar.

Loveme,lovemydog.

•PartThree后元音听辨练习

发音时舌后部需要向软额抬起的元音叫作后元音；

后元音(BackVowels)主要有：[A],[C]»[?],[u](whicharemadebyraisingthebackofthetonguetowardsthesoft

palate.)

A・Practicethesefoursoundsinphrases.

popmusicthebutcherandthecrookalongcorridor

lawandorderanewsuitbookaroom

pushandpullclocksandwatchestheBlueDanube

popconcerttalkandwalkcommonknowledge

daughter-in-lawgoodlooksalongstory

youfullagroupofstudentstooksomesugar

byhookorbycrooksocksandstockingawaterbottle

whosetoolsasmallwaterfallaquartertofour

astopwatchgoodfootworktoofewtoosoontobetrue

accordingtolawdropbydropwoodenplates

B,Nowpracticethesoundinsentences.

Wastenot,wantnot.

Mydaughter-in-lawisalawyer.

Whotookawaymybook?

Howdoyoudo?

Honestyisthebestpolicy.

Paulisforty-four.

Don'tletthebutcherbullythecook.

Youlookcool!

Apick-pocketpickspocket.

Nonnanhaslosthiswallet.

Crookwilldoitbyhookorbycrook.

Soonmydreamwillcometrue.

Lotsandlotsofdollarsarelockedinthebox.

Wewonbecausewefoughthard.

Wetriedtobookaroom,butthehotelwasfull.

Nonewsisgoodnews.

Tomstartedatthebottomandworkedhiswaytothetop.

Learntocrawlbeforeyoucanwalk.

Lookbeforeyouleap.

Asarule,theskiesareblueinJune.

|元音分类B|

根据构成元音的音素的不同，我们把元音分为12个单素元音(monophthongs)和8个复合元音(diphthongs)。

Adiphthongisaglidefromonemonophthongtoanotherandthewholeglideactslikealong,purevowel.Thereare

eightdiphthongsinEnglish.Diphthongscanbedividedintotwogroups,theclosingdiphthongsandthecentering

diphthongs.

Jones：

Monophthongs[i:][i][e][$][K][a:][C][C:][u][u:][D:][D]

Diphthongs[ei][ai][Ci][Du][au][iD][D][uD]

InAmericanEnglish,wesimplyusefiveofthesediphthongs：[ei],[Du],[ai],[au],[Ci].

・听辨练习

A・Practicethesefivesoimdsinphrases.

playsafeboilingpointfacetoface

gohomemakewayamouseinthehouse

byandbyhopesospoiltheboy

aloudsoundquiterightplainsailing

voiceandnoisenosoaplow-interestloan

savefaceninetimespointbypoint

don'tknowwithoutpoweroutoftown

silentnightajoyfulvoyageoldfolksathom

B・Practicethesefivesoundsinphrases.

(1)Bettertakeyourraincoat.

Goandopenthewindow.

Outofsight,outofmind.

Ifoundamouseinthehouse.

Roytoiledonthesoil.

(2)Lefsplaysafe.

Oh,he'ssoslow.

Likefatherlikeson.

He'soutoftown.

Jack'sanemployeeinajointventure.

(3)HernameisRachel.

Showmethephoto,Joe.

Oncebitten,twiceshy.

Howaboutgoingdowntown?

Thespoiledboywantsmorenewtoys.

(4)Noway,goaway.

It'sonlyajoke.

Astitchintimesavesnine.

Nodoubt,he'sdrowned.

Thenoisecamefromthetoilet.

(5)Rain,rain,goaway.LittleJohnnywantstoplay.

Ilovepotatoesandtomatoes.

Greatmindsthinkalike.

Howmanyhoursdowehavetowait?

Soybeanoilismychoice.

(6)Thecakeisontheplateandtheplateisonthetable.

Givememysoapandcomb.

Acathasninelives.

He'swithoutpowernow.

Lefsjointheboys.

(7)Whenthecatisaway,themicewillplay.

Littlestrokesfellgreatoaks.

Strikewhiletheironishot.

Howardisgoingtohaveacoldshowernow.

Sparetherod,spoilthechild.

反音分类c]

根据发音时嘴唇的形状：

Accordingtotheshapeofthelips

合口元音RoundedVowels：[C:][C][u][u:](whicharemadebybringingthelipstogetherindifferentdegrees,

close-roundedoropen-rounded.)

I敞口元音UnroundedVowels：[i:][D：](whicharemadebydrawingthelipsalittlebackatthecomers.)

自然口型NeutralVowels：[i][e][$][K][D](whicharemadebyholdingthelipsnaturallyornormally.)

元音分类D|

根据元音的发音长度：

Accordingtothelengthofthevowels.

长元音TheLongVowels：[i][D：][A：][C：][u：]

短元音TheShortVowels：[i][e][$][K][D][C][U]

☆・辅音分类精讲

辅音分类A|

根据声带震动情况：

按照声带震动情况给辅音分类，发音时声带完全敞开，气流通过声带没有引起震动的辅音称为清辅音，发

音时声带合拢，气流通过声带并引起震动的辅音称为浊辅音。每一组对应的清浊辅音在发音时发音部位和发音方

式都是完全相同的，只以声带震动与否来进行区别。

Thevoicelessconsonantsareusuallyaspirated,strongandlong,andthevocalcordsdonotvibratewhentheyare

pronounced.Thevoicedconsonantsareusuallyunaspirated,weakandshortandthevocalcordsvibratewhentheyare

pronounced.

英语中有十组对应的清浊辅音，它们是：

清辅音VoicelessConsonants：[p][t][k][tN][f][L][s][NJ[ts][tr]

浊辅音VoicedConsonants：：[b][d][E][dl][v][M][z][I][dz][dr]

英语中有些音是没有相对应的清浊辅音的，它们是：

清辅音：[h]

浊辅音：

另外，人们习惯上把半元音也归为浊辅音用。

浊辅音：

辅音分类B|

根据气流通过口腔时产生的不同效果：

根据气流通过口腔时产生的不同效果给辅音分类，可将辅音分为爆破音、摩擦音、塞擦音、鼻音和舌边音。

另外，我们将半元音也放在这一部分，方便练习掌握。

・PartOne爆破音听辨练习

爆破音plosive：在相当时间内，气流通道完全阻塞，气流(一般由于肺部的动作)受压，然后突然放开阻

塞，发出爆破的声音。

(Intheproductionofaplosive,theair-streamisobstructedcompletelybothintheoralandnasaltracts,sothatwhen

theclosureintheoraltractissuddenlyreleased,thecompressedairrushedintheoraltractissuddenlyreleased,the

compressedairrushesoutandproducesanexplosivesound.Accordingtotheplaceoftheoralclosure,plosivemaybe

bilabial[p,b],alveolar[t,d],velar[k,g].)

英语中的爆破音有六个，它们是：

Readthedialogue,payingattentiont。theprommciationofplosives-

(1)A：Howdoyoudo?I'mParker.

B：Howdoyoudo,Mr.Barker?

A：Parker.

B：Oh,ParkerwithaP?

A：Yes,withaP.

B：Er-**rmBarker.

A：Barker?WithaB.Ofcourse.

B：Yes,withaB.

A：Won'tyoucomein,Mr.Barker?

B：Thankyou,Mr.Parker.

(2)A：Iloveyou,MissBrown.

B：ButhowcanIbelieveyou,Mr.Black.

A：Filjumpoverthebalcony,MissBrown.

B：Jumpoverthebalcony,Mr.Black?

A：It'llprovemylove,MissBrown.

B：Ifllbreakyourback,Mr.Black.

A：Thensavemeandtakemeback!

(3)A：Whafsthedatetoday?

B：Decemberthefifteenth.ThedayaftertomorrowislittleTom'sbirthday.

A：Right.Whatpresentshouldwegivehimthistime?Bytheway,howoldishe?

B：He'sstillthirteentodayandtomorrow.He'llbefourteenthedayaftertomorrow.Lefsgethimaremote

controlledtoytruck.

A：Howtimeflies!He'sabigboynow.

B：Anddon'tforgetMary,Tom'stwinsister.It'sherbirthday,too.

A：OK.Let'sinvitealltheirlittlefriendstocomeandcelebrate.

(4)A：Wasitagoodgame?

B：Itwasaterrificgame.

A：Youhadagooddayforit.

B：Abeautifulday.

A：DidChrisscore?

B：Hescoredtwice.

A：Andyou?

B：NowwheredidIputthatbottleofmilk?

A：Didyouscore?

B：Ah,gotit.

A：Maybethenextgame?

B：Surething.Tilscoreonegoalatleast.

•PartTwo摩擦音听辨练习

摩擦音fricative：气流通道收窄，气流通过时发出可听擦音。

(Intheproductionofafricativetwovocalorgansarebroughtveryclosetogether(butnottotheextentoftouching

eachothertoformaclosure)sothattheairstreamforcingitswaythroughtheresultingnarrowingbecomesturbulent,

andthisturbulentisheardasafricativenoise.InEnglish,themostfrequentlyusedfricativesarelabiodental[f,v],dental

[L,M],alveolar[s,z],andpalatal-alveolar[N,I].)

英语中摩擦音有十个，它们是：[f]M[L][M][s]⑵[r][h]。

Readthedialogue,whilepayingattentiontothepronunciationoffricatives.

(1)A：Frankflattersme,Fred.

B：Frankflatterseverybody.

A：HesaidIcreateaflameinhisheart.

B：Aflameinhisheart?

A：Afuriousflame!HesaysIdrivehimfrantic!

B：Youdrivemefrantic,too,Fanny.

A：Oh,Fred!Youoldflatterer.

B：Butdon'tforgettofrythefish,Fanny.

⑵A：Sevendaysold!She'salovelybaby!

B：She'sabeautifulbaby!

A：Andshe'sacleverbaby.

B：Andhervoice,hervoiceisso…soclear!

A：She'sgotaveryclearvoice,indeed.

B：Andshe'sbigforababyofherage!

(3)A：Dateofbirth?

B：ThethirdofMarch,nineteenthirty-three.

A：ThethirdofMarch,nineteenthirty-three?

B：Ithink...

A：Youthinkwhat?

B：Ithinkitwasthethird,butmaybeitwasthefourth.

A：Youthinkitwaseitherthethirdorthefourth?You'renotsureofyourowndateofbirth?

B：No,Fmsorry.

A：Anyway,thepositionhasbeentakenalready.Soitdoesn'tmatteryou'renotsureofyourdateofbirth.

(4)A：Maybeyou'llletmeplayinthemud,Mother?

B：Don'tyoudareplaythere.

A：Fatherdoesn'tmindifweplayinthemud.

B：Fatherdoesn'twashthedirtyclothes,dear.

(5)A：Filsingyouasong.

B：Yes,singasong.Butdon'tsingasadsong.

A：Mostofmysongsaresad,sorry.

B：Well,pleasesingonethat'snotwithinthedefinitionoftoosad.

A：OK,rilsingSanFrancisco,then.

(6)A：Ashirt,sir?Yes,sir.Thisonewillsuityou.Ifsinaveryfashionableshade.

B：Mm.Iwantsomethingsimpler.

A：Asilverone,maybe?It'sgotsomethingspecialonthesleeve.

B：Can'tyoushowmeasimpleshirtinasimpleshade?MaybeIshouldtrythenextshop.

(7)A：Who5sthatoverthere?

B：Oh,that'sJohn.He'stheClubTreasurer.

A：Whafshedoingthere?

B：Watchingtelevision.

A：Anddoeshealwayssleepwhenthetelevision'son?

B：Usuallyhedoes.

A：Ah.

B：Andoccasionallyhesnores.

A：Rathernoisily.

B：Aseventhemanonthcmoonmusthavenoticed!

(8)Youandyourfriendarelookingatsomethingsinashopwindowbutyoucan'tseeverywell.

A：Isthataradio?

B：Itlookslikearadio.

A：Isthataprettydress?

B：Itlookslikeaprettydress.

A：Isthatarugbyball?

B：Itlookslikearugbyball.

A：Isthatarecord?

B：Itlookslikearecord.

A：Isthatarecordplayer?

B：Itlookslikearecordplayer.

A：Isthatarefrigerator?

B：Itlookslikearefrigerator.

(9)A：HowhandsomeHenryis!

B：Henryishandsome,isn'the?

A：AndhowhardworkingHenryis!

B：Henrydoesworkhard.

A：AndhowhonestHenryis!

B：Oh?IsHenryhonest?

•PartThree塞擦音听辨练习

塞擦音affricate：其形成如爆破音，但发音器官放开阻塞较慢，因而在放开阻塞时可以听得出相应的摩擦。

(Affricatesareeachacombinationofaplosiveandafricative.Intheirproductionthetonguetiporbladetouches

thealveolarridgeandformsaclosure,fbrexample,fbr/t/.Andatthesametime,thefrontofthetongueisraised

towardsthehardpalate,thenthetongueleavesthealveolarridgeslowly,insteadofsuddenly,sothatafricative[tN]is

madeimmediatelyaftertheplosive.)

英语中塞擦音有六个，它们是：[tN][dl][ts][dz][tr][dr]

Readthedialogue,whilepayingattentiont。theaffricate.

(1)A：Weneedsomecheese.

B：Fvejustboughtsomecheese.

A：Andweneedsomechocolate.

B：I'vejustboughtsomechocolate.

A：Andwhataboutchickensoup?

B：I'vejustboughtsomechickensoup.

A：Good,Butwestillhaven'tgotenoughchairs.

B：Don'tworry.Fvejustboughtsomecheapchairs.

A：That'severythingthen.Ohno!Chinaplates.

(2)A：Youcan'tdothat!

B：O(courseIcan.It9smybridge.

A：Butyoucan'tchopitdown!

B：It'smybridge,andFmchoppingitdown.

A：Don'tchopitdown!Howshallwecross?Wecan'tmanagewithoutit.

B：Well,you'vegottolearnhowtojumpreallyfar!Jump!Jump!

•PartFour鼻音听辨练习

鼻音nasal：口腔通道完全阻塞，但软颗下垂，气流自由通过鼻腔发出的音。

(Intheproductionofanasal,theair-streamiscompletelyobstructedintheoraltractbutnotinthenasaltract(the

softpalateislowered),sothattheairpassesthroughthenosefreely.Closureatdifferentplacesoftheoraltractbrings

differentresonancestothesounds,sonasalsarealsoclassifiedaccordingtotheplaceoftheoralclosure,e.g.bilabial[m],

alveolar[n],velar[H],etc.)

英语中鼻音有三个，它们是：

Readthedialogue,whilepayingattentiontothenasals.

(1)A：Don'tbealarmedifMumstamps.

B：Anddon'tbealarmedifMumscreams.

A：Ifsnotwhatitseems.

B：Don'tbealarmed.Youwon'treallybeharmed.

(2)A：Normanwent.Andheneverreturned.

B：Hewent?When?

A：Oh,abouttheendofJune.

B：Didhesendtherent?

A：Yes,andFvefoundanewtenant,NancyNoble.

B：Ihopetherewon'tbeanyproblems.

A：Youdon'tknowNancy,doyou?

B：Well,Ioncelenthersomecashandsheneverreturnedit.

(3)Afriendishelpingyoutodoacrosswordpuzzle.

A：Ithinkit's"singing”.

B：No,“singing“iswrong.

A：Whatabout"ringing”?

B：No,“ringing"iswrong.

A：Well,canitbe"bringing”？

B：No,“bringing“iswrong.

A：Whatabout“thinking"?

B：No,"thinking"iswrong.

A：Well,isit"hanging”？

B：No,"hanging"iswrong.

A：Whatabout"drinking”？

B：No,“drinking“iswrong.

A：Oh,dear,isanythinggoingtoberight?

•PartFive舌边音听辨练习

舌边音lateral：气流通道中央阻塞，在阻塞处的两边或一边留下通道让气流自由通过时发出的音。

(Intheproductionofalateraltheair-streamisobstructedalongthecenteroftheoraltract,butoneorbothsidesof

thetongueareawayfromtheroofofthemouth,sothattheaircangothroughthemouthlaterally.Thismannerof

articulationispeculiarinthattherearemannersofarticulationwithit.Thatiswhentheairgoesthroughthesidesofthe

mouth,itmayormaynotproduceaudiblefrictiondependingonthespacebetweenthetongueandthesideteeth.)

英语中舌边音只有一个，就是：［1］。

Readthedialogue,whilepayingattentiontothelateral.

A：Ifyoulookonthelibraryshelves,you'llfindAHistoryoftheLakes.TheLakeswerealarge,rich,but

unluckyfamily.Theyhadthirteenchildren.Thefirstelevenwerekilledinmysteriousfatalaccidents.And

thetwelfth,LancePoorLancewaseatenbywolves.

B：Andtheremainingchild?ThelastoftheLakes?

A：Iwaslucky.Iinheritedeverything.NowsignthecontractorImaystartcallingyoubrother!

•PartSix半元音听辨练习

半元音semi-vowel：即有声滑音。发这个音时，发音器官开始时轻微地发出一个本身响度较弱的音，然后

立即过渡到一个响度相同或更加显著的音。

(Intheproductionofthesemi-vowelthespacebetweentwoapproximatingvocalorgansisalittlewiderthanthat

forafricative,justwideenoughtoavoidcausingfrictionwhentheair-streampassesthroughthem.Infact,theair-stream

isnotobstructed,whichisacharacteristicofvowels.)

英语中半元音有两个，它们是：。

Readthedialogue,whilepayingattentiontothesemivowel.

(1)A：Howmuchdowehavetogive?

B：Wedon'thavetogive.

A：rilgivewhateverMrs.Whitneygave.

B：Shegivesfive.

A：Verywell,Tilgivefivedollars,too.

B：Shegivesfivehundreddollars.

A：Oh,my!Shealwaysgivestoomuch.

Readthetwopoems.

(1)Wewaddleawayfromthewater.(2)Whentheorchardyieldwillbegatheredsoon.

Andnowwewillwaddleback.Andthefieldsbeyondareyellowwithcom,

Thenswish,swish,weareswimmingagain.Thedoginouryardawakeswithayawn,

Quack!Quack!Quack!Andyapsandyelpsattheyellowmoon.

TableofEnglishConsonants

BilabialLabio-dentalDentalAlveolarPost-alveolarPalatalVelarGlottal

PlosivePbtdkE

AffricatetNdl

FricativefVLMszN1（X）h

NasalmnH

Lateral1

Approximantwrj

LESSON2美式发音与英式发音的区别

THEDISTINCTIONBETWEENGA&RP

・WarmUp语音课堂

标准英音和美音

GA：GeneralAmericanRP：ReceivedPronunciation

RP&GA：RP(ReceivedPronunciation)公认的发音，指的是DanielJones博士在1917年版EnglishPronouncing

Dictionary序言中描述的：PublicSchoolPronunciation,这是•种被接受过的英国公学教育的人所操持的南部口音

(P.S.P.一PublicSchoolPronunciationisapronunciationmostlyheardineverydayspeechinthefamiliesofSouthern

Englishpersonswhosemcn-fblkhavebeeneducatedatthegreatpublicboarding-schools.),1926年改称为RP。

ThispronunciationisbasedontheSouthernaccentinBritish,whichisalsousedamongpeoplewelleducatedin

“preparatory“schoolsor"publicschools^^.Thepronunciationoftheseschoolsarenotonlyratherunified,butalsonot

influencedbyregionaldialect.TheadvantageofthispronunciationisthatpeoplefromanyregionsofEnglishspeaking

countriescanunderstandit,whichismoregenerallyacceptedthanothervarietiesofEnglish.

这种发音以英国