电路机车供电装置工作原理BUSELECTRICALINST

电路机车供电装置工作原理ZHENGZHOURAILWAYVOCATIONAL&TECHNICALCOLLEGE客车电气装置/BUSELECTRICALINSTALLATIONSpeaker主讲人Zhangjia张嘉一、电力机车供电原理简介IntroductiontoElectricLocomotivePowerSupplyPrinciples电力机车供电装置工作原理一、电力机车供电原理简介IntroductiontoElectricLocomotivePowerSupplyPrinciples电力机车供电装置工作原理接触网通过电力机车向空调列车供电，如图6-4所示。Thecatenarypowersystemfacilitatestheprovisionofpowertotheair-conditionedtrainviatheelectriclocomotive,asdepictedintheaccompanyingdiagram.机车主变压器设置两个列车供电绕组，将受电弓接收的25kV单相交流高压电降压，利用两套独立的单相半控整流装置，将单相交流电整流成直流，分别向列车供电。Thelocomotivemaintransformerisequippedwithtwotrainpowersupplywindings,whichreducethereceived25kVsingle-phaseAChighvoltagefromthepantograph.Twoindependentsetsofsingle-phasehalf-controlledrectifierunitsareutilizedtorectifythesingle-phaseACintoDC,providingpowertothetrain.电力机车供电装置工作原理SS8电力机车供电装置主电路原理图如图所示。ThemaincircuitschematicdiagramoftheSS8electriclocomotivepowersupplydeviceisshownintheaccompanyingfigure.供电绕组a7-X7、a8-X8从主变压器抽头输出，每绕组输出额定电压870V、电流600A,功率522kW。Thesupplywindingsa7-X7anda8-X8aretappedfromthemaintransformer,eachwindingoutputsaratedvoltageof870V,acurrentof600A,apowerof522Kw.电力机车供电装置工作原理交流真空接触器KM30、KM31

是供电装置总开关；TheACvacuumcontactorsKM30andKM31serveasthemainswitchesforthepowersupplydevice.同步变压器T5、T6提供整流用同步移相电压信号及整流器投入或停止的电压提示信号。ThesynchronoustransformersT5andT6providesynchronousphase-shiftingvoltagesignalsforrectificationandvoltageindicationsignalsforstartingorstoppingtherectifiers.整流器V3、V4采用单相半控桥式整流，额定输出电压600V、电流670A、容量400kW。TherectifiersV3andV4utilizesingle-phasehalf-controlledbridgerectification,witharatedoutputvoltageof600V,acurrentof670A,acapacityof400kW.滤波电抗L5、L6分别与电容C29、C30构成滤波电路，电抗值为9mH，电容值为10400μF，滤波后输出电流脉动率小于30%；ThefilteringinductorsL5andL6,inconjunctionwithcapacitorsC29andC30,formfilteringcircuitswithaninductancevalueof9millihenriesandacapacitancevalueof10,400microfarads.Thecurrentrippleafterfilteringislessthan30%.R71、R72分别为电容C29、C30的放电电阻，接触器KM30、KM31断开后，端电压由600V降至50V需要30s。ThedischargeresistorsR71andR72areconnectedtocapacitorsC29andC30,respectively.WhenthecontactorsKM30andKM31areinterrupted,theterminalvoltagedecreasesfrom600Vto50Vin30seconds.电力机车供电装置工作原理电阻R67、R68分别与电容C31、C32组成过压保护电路；TheresistorsR67andR68,togetherwithcapacitorsC31andC32,formovervoltageprotectioncircuits.TA7、TA8分别与KC11、KC12构成交流侧过流保护装置，过流整定值为1000（1±0.1）A；TA7andTA8,inconjunctionwithKC11andKC12,constitutealternatingcurrentsideovercurrentprotectiondevices,withanovercurrentsettingvalueof1,000(1±0.1)A.电流互感器SC9、SC10及电压互感器SV5、SV6构成直流侧恒压限流控制及过流保护控制。CurrenttransformersSC9,SC10,andvoltagetransformersSV5,SV6constitutedirectcurrentsideconstantvoltagecurrentlimitingcontrolandovercurrentprotectioncontrol.主电路的接地采用传统的有源保护,接地继电器与机车蓄电池串联后与直流输出负载相连。Themaincircuitisgroundedusingtraditionalactiveprotection.ThegroundingrelayisconnectedinserieswiththelocomotivebatteryandconnectedtotheDCoutputload.随车工程师应重点注意以下几个问题Theonboardengineershouldpayspecialattentiontothefollowingissues:电源装置使用中注意的问题电力机车DC600V电源本身的工作原理与控制系统完全区别于发电车集中供电，安装在机车上,出现问题时车辆乘务人员无法进行操作和维护。TheworkingprincipleandcontrolsystemoftheDC600Vpowersupplyforelectriclocomotivesarefundamentallydifferentfromcentralizedpowersupplysystemsforgeneratorcars.

Asthepowersupplydeviceisinstalledonthelocomotive,thetraincrewisunabletooperateandmaintainitintheeventofproblems.机车DC600V供电装置的输出品质。OutputqualityoftheDC600Vpowersupplyunitofthelocomotive.1机车电源的输出失控可能造成毁灭性的破坏。Anuncontrolledoutputfromalocomotive'spowersupplycanbedevastating.2电力连接器和控制连接器形式不统一。Powerconnectorsandcontrolconnectorsarenotuniforminform.3接地保护问题SS7C、SS7D、SS7E、SS8、SS9为有源接地，SS9改、DF11为中点接地，客车为不接地系统。LocomotiveswiththemodelnumbersShaoshan7C,Shaoshan7D,Shaoshan7E,Shaoshan8,Shaoshan9isanactivegroundingsystemandShaoshan9isanimprovedversion,whileDongfeng11adoptsamidpointgroundingsystem.Passengercars,ontheotherhand,utilizeanungroundedsystemforprotection.接地保护问题为与不同机车编组，客车采用不接地系统进行保护。Toaccommodatedifferentlocomotivecompositions,passengercarsemployanungroundedsystemforprotection.客车保护既考虑了直流保护，同时考虑了交流负载保护。ThissystemnotonlyconsidersDCprotectionbutalsotakesintoaccountACloadprotection.在不接地系统中，由于电位浮地，系统不同设备(车厢间)的串扰较大。Intheungroundedsystem,duetothefloatingpotential,thereissignificantinterferenceamongdifferentequipmentinthesystem.客车漏电流设置为软件100mA动作，硬件150mA动作。Theleakagecurrentforpassengercarsissetto100mAforsoftware-basedoperationsand150mAforhardware-basedoperations.供电回路原理电力机车DC600V电源，通过KC20D电气连接器向列车母线供电。TheDC600VpowersupplyforelectriclocomotivesisprovidedtothetrainbusthroughtheKC20Delectricalconnector.在车厢内，两路DC600V首先进入电气综合控制柜，电气综合控制柜设有供电选择电路，可以选择I路或II路DC600V电源，同时还设有漏电检测装置Insidethecarriage,thetwopathsofDC600Vpowerfirstentertheelectricalcontrolcabinet,whichisequippedwithapowersupplyselectioncircuit.ItcanselecteitherpathIorpathIIoftheDC600Vpowersupply.

Additionally,itisequippedwithaleakagedetectiondevice.当本车厢DC600V电路和AC380V电路有漏电时，可以切除本车DC600V电源。WhenthereisaleakageintheDC600VcircuitortheAC380Vcircuitofthecarriage,theDC600Vpowersupplyforthecarriagecanbedisconnected.电气综合控制柜将输入的DC600V电源进行分配，供给逆变器和充电器。TheelectricalcontrolcabinetdistributestheinputDC600Vpowersupplytotheinverterandthecharger.逆变器将DC600V电源，变换成AC380V电源，并输出到电气综合控制柜，供给空调机组。TheinverterconvertstheDC600VpowersupplyintoAC380Vpowersupplyandoutputsittotheelectricalcontrolcabinet,supplyingpowertotheairconditioningunit.充电器将DC600V电源变换成DC110V供本车蓄电池充电和照明等其他用电负载用。ThechargerconvertstheDC600VpowersupplyintoDC110Vtochargetheonboardbatteryandpowerotherloadssuchaslighting.电气综合控制柜Electricalintegratedcontrolcabinet列车母线TrainbusKC20D电力连接器KC20DPowerConnector电力机车DC600V电源DC600Vpowersupplyforelectriclocomotives供电回路原理DC600VAC380V逆变器充电机InverterChargers电气综合控制柜Electricalintegratedcontrolcabinet空调机组AirconditioningunitDC110V蓄电池充电照明Batterycharginglighting过分相区问题接触网中性段轨道(A)电源(B)电源切换用地面装置切换用地面装置车载断路器“断开”惰行通过由于电力机车牵引每间隔50km存在分相区