考研英语写作核心词组

考研英语写作核心词组

一、环境保护类

（-）环境保护

1.环境保护

环境保护environmentalprotection

提高环保意识enhanceenvironmentalawareness

保持生态平衡keepecologicalbalance

生态系统ecosystem

生态示范区environment-friendlyregion

生态农业eco-agriculture

生态旅游ecotourism

自然保护区naturereserve

可持续发展战略sustainabledevelopmentstrategy

防风防沙林windandsandbreaks

宜人的生活环境pleasantlivingenvironment

2.节能减排

节能（节约能源）saveenergy

减排（减少温室气体排放）reducetheemissionofgreenhousegases

降低资源消耗率slowdowntherateofresourcedegradation

环保产品environment-friendlyproducts

全球变暖globalwarming

低碳经济lowcarboneconomy

清洁可再生能源cleanrenewableenergy

核能nuclearenergy

太阳能solarenergy

大功率电器high-powerelectricalappliance

二氧化碳carbondioxide

气候变化climatechange

（二）环境恶化

1.环境恶化

环境恶化environmentaldeterioration

乱砍滥伐deforestation

防止过度利用森林protectforestsfromoverexploitation

水土流失waterandsoilerosion

沙漠化desertification

人口增长populationgrowth

野生动物保护wildlifeprotection

濒危物种endangeredspecies

野生物种wildspecies

商业捕鱼commercialfishing

过度捕捞overfishing

过度开发recklessexploitation

2.自然灾害

自然灾害naturaldisasters

大灾难catastrophe

破坏性灾难性地震destructiveanddisastrousearthquake

沙尘暴sandstorm

沙丘sanddune/hill

旱灾drought

水灾flood

雪灾snowstorm

（三）环境污染

1.环境治理

污染者负担的政策“the-polluters-pay”policy

执法检查lawenforcementinspection

限期治理undertaketreatmentwithinaprescribedlimitoftime

2.白色污染

白色污染whitepollution

限制使用一次性塑料袋limit/ban/prohibittheuseofdisposableplasticbags

可降解一次性塑料袋throwawaybiodegradableplasticbags

一次性筷子disposablechopsticks

3.垃圾处理

乱扔垃圾litter

垃圾分类garbageclassification

丢弃throw,discard

垃圾trash,rubbish,garbage

城市垃圾无害处理decontaminationofurbanrefuse

垃圾填埋场refuselandfill

三废threetypesofwastes(wastewater,wastegas,solidwaste)

工业废弃物industrialwaste

有毒废物toxicwaste

综合利用multipurposeuse

水资源保护区waterresourceconservationzone

污水处理sewagetreatment

集中处理厂centralizedtreatmentplant

再生水recycledwater

4.空气污染

空气污染浓度airpollutionconcentration

汽车尾气排放motorvehicleexhaust

尾气净化器exhaustpurifier

无铅汽油lead-freegasoline

天然气汽车gas-fueledvehicles

电动汽车cell-drivenvehicles

小排量汽车small-enginevehicles

工业粉尘排放industrialdustdischarge

烟尘排放sootemissions

矿物燃料(煤、石油、天然气)fossilfuels(coal,oilandnaturalgas)

二、教育文化类

(-)教育

1.学位

学士bachelor'sdegree

硕士master'sdegree

博士doctor'sdegree

获得学位acquiredegree

文科arts理科science

文学硕士MasterofArts(M.A.)

理学硕士MasterofScience(M.S.)

工商管理硕士MasterofBusinessAdministration(MBA)

公共管理硕士MasterofPublicAdministration(MPA)

工程硕士MasterofEngineering(ME)

会计硕士MasterofProfessionalAccounting(MPAcc)

金融硕士MasterofScienceinFinance(MSF)

2.学校

幼儿园nursery/kindergarten

小学primary/elementaryschool

中学middleschool

综合性大学university

学院institute

高等教育highereducation

大学生college/universitystudents

大学毕业生college/universitygraduates

商学院businessschool

法学院lawschool

研究生院graduateschool

教授professor

全体教师faculty

系department

专业major

教学设施teachingfacilities

食堂dininghall

宿舍dormitory

选修课elective/optionalcourse

学杂费tuitionfeesandotherexpenses

3.教育

终身教育life-longeducation

素质教育educationforall-rounddevelopment

义务教育compulsoryeducation

应试教育exam-orientededucation

成人教育adulteducation

理论知识theoreticalknowledge

实践技能practicalskills

信息时代informationera

知识爆炸时代eraofknowledgeexplosion

影响学习成绩affectschoolachievements

逃课skipclasses

学习成绩academicperformance

学习氛围academicatmosphere

开阔眼界broadenone'shorizon

激发兴趣stimulateone'sinterest

开发潜能tapone'spotential

(学生)减负reducestudyload

文理分科separationbetweenliberalartsandscience

放松的大学生活relaxingcollegelife

4.招生就业

招生recruitment

录取enrollment

申请入学applyforadmissionto/into...

高考CollegeEntranceExamination

考研NationalEntranceTestforM.A./M.S.Candidates

就业市场jobmarket

雇主employer

雇员employee

职业培训Ivocationaltraining

(—)文化

1.文化交流

文化交流culturalexchanges

文化融合culturalblending/integration

传统中国文化traditionalChineseculture

儒家Confucianism

佛家Buddhism

道家Daoism/Taoism

京居PekingOpera

中国书法Chinesecalligraphy

西方文化westerncultures

启蒙运动Enlightenment

人本主义humanism

后现代主义post-modernism

多元文化multi-cultures,pluralistic/mosaiccultures

文化多元化culturaldiversity

保存珍惜preserveandcherish

取其精华，去其糟粕absorbitsessenceandresistitsdarkside

积极促进文化发展promoteculturaldevelopmentpositively

辉煌灿烂的文化遗产splendidandgloriousculturalheritage/legacy/relics

与时俱进keeppacewithtimes

跨文化交流cross-culturalcommunication

文化差异culturaldifferences

文化传统culturaltraditions

人类文明humancivilization

精神文明spiritualcivilization

主流文化mainstreamculture

解读经典interpretationofclassics

2.流行文化

流彳亍文化popularculture

电视广告泛滥thepervasiveadvertisementsonTV

偶像崇拜idolworship

上网成瘾webaddiction

虚拟生活virtuallife

网上交友makingfriendsonline

网聊chattingontheInternet

网络谣言onlinegossip

网上购物onlineshopping

团购group/integratebuying/purchase

网络监管theInternetsupervision

网络暴力theInternetviolence

不负责言论irresponsibleremarks

购买彩票buylotterytickets

电子游戏electronicgames

数码产品digitalproducts

手机短信textmessage

垃圾短信junkmessage

手机入网mobilephonesubscription

三、人生哲理类

L独立

自立self-dependence

溺爱dote,spoil

独生子女onlychild

激烈竞争fiercecompetition

啃老族boomerangkids,NEET(NotcurrentlyengagedinEducation,

EmploymentorTraining)

不劳而获reapwithoutsowing

2.坚持

不断努力makeconstantefforts

决不放弃nevergiveup

决不停止进步neverstopmakingprogress

获得成功achievesuccess

创新innovation

勤奋diligence

奋斗精神strivingspirit

人生观outlookoflife

世界观worldoutlook

恒心perseverance

耐心patience

谨慎prudence

3.信心

自信self-confidence

谦虚modesty

缺乏自信lackofconfidence

高估困难exaggerate/overestimatedifficulties

低估能力underestimateone*sabilities

4.合作

团队合作teamwork

团队精神teamspirit

与他人合作cooperatewithothers

齐心协力/众志成城joint/cooperativeefforts

互相帮助helpeachother

5.乐观

保持乐观keepoptimistic

悲观pessimism

悲观的bepessimistic

积极态度positiveattitude

仁慈benevolence

四、社会热点类

（一）健康

生理健康physicalhealth

心理健康mental/psychologicalhealth/fitness

健康问题healthconcern

亚健康sub-health

公共卫生publichealth

心、态stateofmind

体育锻炼physicalexercises

均衡饮食well-balanceddiet

垃圾食品junkfood

减肥/节食goonadiet

提供医疗服务providemedicalservices

牺牲健康sacrificehealth

短期经济利益short-termeconomicbenefits

全面禁烟totaltobaccoban

疾病illness/disease

慢性病chronicdisease

传染病infectiousdisease

酗酒alcoholism

癌症cancer

医疗体制改革reformofmedicalsystem

（二）两代关系

代沟generationgap

弥合差距bridgethegap

相互理解mutualunderstanding

误解misunderstanding

照顾care,takecareof,lookafter

虐待mistreat,maltreat,ill-treat

老龄化社会agingsociety

人口老龄化populationaging

老年人old/agedpeople,theold/aged/elders/elderly;seniorcitizens

奉行孝道practicefilialpiety

（三）社会公德

公德publicmorality

传统美德traditionalvirtues

责任duty/responsibility

责任感senseofresponsibility

承担责任shoulder/assume/undertakeone'sduties/responsibilities

逃避责任avoid/shirk/shunone'sduties/responsibilities

奉献devote/dedicate;devotion/dedication

无私奉献selflessdevotion

信任危机thecrisisoftrust

公德堕落thecorruptionofpublicmorality

道德缺失thelackofmoralsense

不道德行为immoralbehaviors

希望工程ProjectHope

中国红十字会ChinaRedCrossFoundation

慈善charity

捐款donate/donation

贫困乡村地区poorruralareas

入学startschooling

辍学dropoutofschool

完成学业finishschool

尊老爱幼torespecttheoldandcarefortheyoung

随地吐痰spiteverywhere

大声喧哗makenoise,talkloudly

（四）职业道德

空洞承诺emptypromise

虚假承诺falsepromise

伪劣产品fakecommodities

欺诈行为dishonestbehaviors

诚信honesty

学术腐败academiccorruption

剽窃抄袭plagiarism

食品安全foodsafety

工程质量constructionquality

地沟油drainageoil

毒奶粉poisonousmilkpowder

婴儿配方奶粉infantformula

食品添加剂foodadditives

药价虚高unaffordablepricesofmedicines

过度上涨excessivegrowth

非法广告illegalads

不公平竞争unfaircompetitions

争抢利益competeforbenefits

治标不治本addresssymptomsbutnotrootcauses

管理部门administrationdepartments

监管部门supervisiondepartments

商家merchant

厂家manufacturer

企业经营者enterpriseoperator

有关当局authoritiesconcerned

收受贿赂takebribes

漠视法律disregardoflaws

推卸责任shifttheblameonto...

消费者权益consumers1rightsandinterests

伪专家unqualifiedexperts

公正有效地履行职责performone'stasksfairlyandeffectively

提供礼貌热情的服务providepoliteandhospitableservices

腐败现象corruptionphenomenon

（五）交通

公交专用车道buslane

（机动车）单双号限行odd-and-evenlicenseplaterule

早晚高峰morningandeveningpeak

交通拥堵trafficjam/congestion,heavytraffic

交通高峰期rushhour

公共交通线路网publictransportnetwork

尾号限行trafficrestrictionsbasedonthelastdigitoflicenseplatenumbers

交通管制trafficcontrol

无车日car-freeday

交通事故trafficaccidents

私家车privatecars

发展公共交通developpublictransport

醉驾drunkdrive

酒后驾车driveundertheinfluenceofalcohol

司机driver

行人pedestrian

（六）经济管理

经济危机economiccrisis,financialcrisis,financialturmoil,financialmeltdown

经济不景气recession,bleedingeconomy,depression,sluggisheconomy

失业loseone'sjob,beunemployed,beredundant

失业力口剧joblossesmount,unemploymentclimb

失业人数unemployment

找工作seekemployment

找工作者jobseeker

严峻的就业形势atoughjobmarket

信心下滑confidenceslump

经济复苏economicrecovery

经济危机的影响thecrisis*fallout

应对危机facethecrisis,meetthecrisis,fightcrisis

重建信心confidencereconstruction

遏制衰退containdeclines

减缓衰退slowdowndeclines

安居工程affordable/comfortablehousingproject

成本削减cost-cutting

仓造新的就业generatenewemployment

刺激消费stimulateconsumerspending

恢复revive,recovery,turnaround

积极的财政政策proactivefiscalpolicy

减少裁员refrainfromlayingoffemployees

减员cutthesalariedworkforce

结构调整structuraladjustment

经济刺激方案stimulus