考研英语阅读理解B节(新题型)分类精讲社会伦理类

考研英语阅读理解B节(新题型)分类精讲社会伦理类-(一)

(总分：100.00,做题时间：90分钟)

一、SectionIIReadingComprehension(总题数：5,分数：100.00)

Throughouthistoryandthroughacross-sectionofcultures,womenhavetransformedtheir

appearancetoconformtoabeautyideal.AmericanandEuropeanwomenlivedinthe1800scinched

intheirwaistssotightlythatsomesufferedinternaldamage.TheNorthAmericanidealofbeauty

hascontinuallyfocusedonwomen'sbodies:thetinywaistoftheVictorianperiod,andthe

voluptuouscurvesthatwerethemeasureofbeautybetweenthe1930sand1950s.

(1)

However,thisrelentlesspursuitofthinnessisnotjustanexampleofwomentryingtolooktheir

best;itisalsoastruggleforcontrol,acceptanceandsuccess.

(2)

Oneofthenegativepsychologicalsideeffectsassociatedwitheatingdisordersisthepatient's

distortionoftheirownbodyimage,bodyimagebeingdefinedasthepictureapersonhasinhis

mindofhisownbody,thatis,thewayhisbodyappearstohim.Manywomenwhoarecaughtupin

therelentlesspursuitofthinnessalsoexperiencesomedegreeofdisturbedbodyimage.

⑶

(4).Womenwithperfectlynormalbodiesseethemselvesasbeingheavy;sothatthedefinition

of"normal"becomesinaccurateandthisperceivednormalcyisrepresentedbyaverysmall

percentageofwomen.Itfollowsthatifbodyimageissocloselylinkedtoself-image,itis

importantforwomentolearntofeelcomfortablewiththebodytheylivein,despiteany

“imperfections”.

(5).Advertisingisamajorvehicleforpresentingimagesandformingattitudes.Themajority

ofadsincorporateyoung,beautiful,slendermodelstopresenttheirproductsandservices.While

individualadsmaynotbeseenasabigissue,itisthecumulative,unconsciousimpactthathas

aneffectonattitudestowardwomen,andinwomen'sattitudestowardthemselves.Aswomenare

consistentlyexposedtothesefeminineformsthroughbothprintandtelevision,itbecomes

difficulttodistinguishwhatisnormal,andevenmoredifficultnottocomparethemselvesto

thisform.

A.Theexperiencesandpracticesofwomenwho"simplydiet“arenotradicallydifferentfromthose

whoarediagnosedwitheatingdisorders.Forsomewomen,achievingthe"perfect"bodyformbecomes

themostimportantgoalinlife.

B.Currentstandardsemphasizeatoned,slenderlook,onethatexudesfitness,youth,andhealth.

AccordingtopsychologistEvaSzekely,“Havingtobeattractiveatthistimemeansunequivocally

havingtobethin.InNorthAmericatoday,thinnessisapreconditionforbeingperceivedbyothers

andoneselfashealthy”.

C.Theimagesthatarepresentedinadvertisingaredesignedtocreateanillusion,afantasy

idealthatwillkeepwomencontinuallyconsuming.Advertisersarewellawareoftheinsecurities

thatmostwomenfeelabouttheirownbodies.

D.Sowhyduringthisprocessofdevelopmentsomanywomenbecomedissatisfied,self-critical,

andjudgmentalabouttheirownbodies?Oneofthereasonsmayhavetodowiththemediaandvarious

formsofadvertising.Adssellmorethanjustproducts;theypresentanideaofnormalcy,who

weareandwhoweshouldbe.

E.Whilewomencontinuetostruggleforequalityonaneconomicscaleandwithintheir

relationships,theysti11maintaincontrolovertheirownbodies.Itisimportantthatwomenbegin

toacceptthemselvesforwhotheyare,regardlessoftheirbodytype,andtofeelcomfortable

withthebodytheylivein.

F.Inattemptingtomouldtheirappearancetomeetthecurrentideal,numerouswomenareliterally

starvingthemselvestodeath.Theincidenceofeatingdisordershasdoubledduringthelasttwo

decades.Thisincreaseisnolongerlimitedtowomenintheirteensandtwenties,butis

increasinglydiagnosedinpatientsintheirthirtiesandforties.

G.Feelingsaboutbodyarecloselyrelatedtoawoman，ssenseofself;thebodyisperceivedas

acceptableorunacceptable,providingafoundationforself-concept.Itisalarming,then,that

almost80%ofwomenthinkthey*reoverweight.Bodyimagehasverylittletodowiththewaya

personactuallylooks;manywomenwhoappeartofittheidealbodytypeareactuallydissatisfied

withtheirappearance.

(分数：20.00)

填空项1：(正确答案：B)

解析：［解析］文章开头提到了女人对美丽形象认识的历史发展过程，随后，举例说明了维多利亚时期，美

丽的标准是细腰、性感。纵观选项，可知B项的主要内容就是当今社会美丽标准是什么，与前文在时间上

构成承接关系。另外空格处下文开头就提到对这个瘦身的追求(ihisrelentlesspursuitofthinness--),

说明瘦身(thinness)在前文肯定出现过。结合这两点可以推断出B项正确。

填空项1：(正确答案：F)

解析：［解析］空格处前文提到瘦身意味着努力控制，而F项就谈到了女人通过控制饮食的方式极力追求外

表的改变，以期达到目前美丽标准，很显然，这里承接的是上一小段提到的内容。另外，下一段第一句谈

到了瘦身对心理的负面影响(女人错误定位自身形象)，而F项主要是谈论瘦身带来的身体上的负面影响(饮

食失调)，与后文衔接紧密，构成对应关系。E项的干扰性比较强，其中提到了上文中所说的对身体的控制

力，但是后半部分提到女人应学会接受自己的现状，对自己的身材满意与后文不断重复提到的追求瘦身不

符，故排除。

填空项1：(正确答案：A)

解析：［解析］上文谈到这些追求瘦身的女人也经历过某种程度上的自我形象扭曲。A项承接上文，继而提

出这些女人的经历与那些饮食失调的女人的经历没什么不同.她们共同的目标都是获得完美的体型。因此

A项正确。

填空项1：(正确答案：G)

解析：［解析］本段主要是谈女人对身体的感受与她们对自己身体的看法的关系，G项也是如此。尤其是在

G项中最后一句，作者提到“许多看上去符合理想身材的女人实际上对自己的外表不满意”。而下文也提

到“身材完全正常的女人认为自己太重”等，说明身材正常的人如何仍然不满意自己的外表。

填空项1：(正确答案：D)

解析：［解析］本段谈广告是如何影响女人看待自己身体的。与广告相关的选项有C、D两项。C项主要谈

论广告中的形象促使女人消费，但是这里提到的形象(theimages)上文并未提及，C项存在文意表达不明

的情况。而D项承接上文提出疑问“为什么女人会对自我形象不满”，紧接着，作者指出广告和媒体是造

成这个情况的原因之一。正好与下文所阐述的广告影响女人对自我形象的定位一致，故选D项。

Curiously,forapublicationcalledanewspaper,noonehasevercoinedastandarddefinition

ofnews.Butforthemostpart,newsusuallyfallsunderonebroadclassificationtheabnormal.

Itishumanfolly,mechanicalfailuresandnaturaldisastersthatoften"makethenews”.

(1).Occasionally,areporterwillgotojailratherthanrevealthenameofaconfidentialsource

foranewsstory.Americannewspapersproudlyconsiderthemselvesthefourthbranchof

government-thewatchdogbranchthatexposeslegislative,executiveandjudicialmisbehavior.

(2).Othersarecalled“generalassignmentreporters”,whichmeanstheyareoncallforavariety

ofstoriessuchasaccidents,civileventsandhuman-intereststories.Dependingonanewspaper*s

needsduringthedailynewscycle,seasonedreporterseasilyshiftbetweenbeatand

general-assignmentwork.(Newreportersoncewerecalledcubs,butthetermisnolongerused.)

(3).Theyareourchroniclersofdailylife,sorting,siftingandbringingasenseoforderto

adisorderlyworld.

(4).Othereditors一sports,photo,state,national,featuresandobituary,forexample一may

alsoreporttothemanagingeditor.

（5）

Oncethecityormetroeditorhasfinishededitingareporter*srawcopy,thestorymovesfrom

thecompositionsystemviathecomputernetworktoanotherpartofthenewsdivision—thecopy

desk.Here,copyeditorscheckforspel1ingandothererrorsofusage.Theymayalsolookfor

“holes"inthestorythatwouldconfusereadersorleavetheirquestionsunanswered.Ifnecessary,

copyeditorsmaycheckfactsinthenewspaper*slibrary,whichmaintainsalargecollectionof

referencebooks,microfilmandonlinecopiesofstoriesthathaveappearedinthepaper.

A.Allreportersareultimatelyresponsibletoaneditor.Dependingonitssize,anewspapermay

havenumerouseditors,beginningwithanexecutiveeditorresponsibleforthenewsdivision.

Immediatelybelowtheexecutiveeditoristhemanagingeditor,thepersonwhooverseesthe

day-to-dayworkofthenewsdivision.

B.Reportersareanewspaper*sfront-lineeyesandears.Reportersgleaninformationfrommany

sources,somepublic,suchaspolicerecords,andothersprivate,suchasagovernmentinformant.

C.Newspapersareincreasinglydoingthiswork,calledpagination,withpersonalcomputersusing

softwareavallableatanyofficesupplystore.MicrosoftWindows,WordandQuarkExpressarethree

programsthat,thoughnotdesignedfornewspaperproduction,areeasilyadaptedforit.

D.However,thebestknownandinsomewaysthemostcrucialeditoristhecityormetroeditor.

Thisistheeditorthatreportersworkfordirectly.Thecityormetroeditorassignsstories,

enforcesdeadlinesandisthefirsttoseereporters'rawcopyonthecompositionsystemorcomputer

network.Theseeditorsarecalledgatekeepers,becausetheycontrolmuchofwhatwi11andwi11

notappearinthenextday*spaper.

E.Beforeweseewhathappenstotheelectronicpagesbuiltbythecopydesk,itwillbehelpful

tounderstandhowotherdivisionsofthenewspaperscontributetotheproductioncycle.

F.Somereportersareassignedtobeats,oranareaofcoverage,suchasthecourts,cityhall,

education,business,medicineandsoforth.

G.Inthemovies,reportershaveexciting,frenziedanddangerousjobsastheyliveafamous

pronouncementofthenewspaperbusiness:Comforttheafflictedandafflictthecomfortable.

Althoughafewmembersofthemediahavebeenkilledasaresultofinvestigationsintowrongdoing,

newspaperworkforthegreatmajorityofreportersisroutine.

（分数:20.00）

填空项1：（正确答案：B）

解析：［解析］空格处下文谈到了记者宁愿坐牢也不会轻易透露消息来源，而B项谈的恰恰是记者可以多渠

道获取新闻消息。正好与下文相互呼应，这两部分都是谈论新闻的消息来源。故选B项。

填空项1:（正确答案：F）

解析：［解析］本段总体上主要谈论的是记者的报道领域。后半部分提到一般责任记者的报道领域主要是日

常生活中发生的各类事件，由此可知，空格处所需填的内容应该是另一类记者的报道领域。F项主要提到

的就是有一类记者负责专业领域的报道，例如教育、商业、医疗等，这与下文的一般责任记者形成对比关

系。另外，文章用词也给予我们一定的提示。Somereporters与others（相当于otherreporters）形成对

比。故F项正确。

填空项1:（正确答案：G）

解析：［解析］本段所给的内容中提到记者是“日常生活的记录者”（ourchroniclersofdailylife）,

而G项最后一句指出绝大部分记者的工作内容就是“日常生活（routine）”。由此可见，本段的后半部分是

对G项内容的扩展延伸。这里的daily1ife与routine属于同义转换。G项提到在电影中记者的工作是危

险、发狂的，接着转折提出现实生活中记者的工作趋于平淡。

填空项1:（正确答案：A）

解析：［解析］本段所给的内容中提到其他编辑(othereditors)的职责内容，同时也提到了总编(the

managingeditor)o只有A项中提到编辑部门各种人物的职责并且在该选项最后一句提到了总编，与下文

承接紧密。A项正确。

填空项1：(正确答案：D)

解析：［解析］文章上一段介绍了各种编辑的职责，I)项承接上文，继续介绍编辑部门中新闻编辑主任的职

责,同时，文章下一段第一句上半句也提到了新闻编辑主任的职责。由此可知，D项在本文中起了承上启

下的作用。D项正确。

A.〃Ijustdon,tknowhowtomotivatethemtodoabetterjob.We'reinabudgetcrunchandI

haveabsolutelynofinancialrewardsatmydisposal.Infact,we'11probablyhavetolaysome

peopleoffinthenearfuture.Il'shardformetomakethejobinterestingandchallengingbecause

itisn't—it'sboring,routinepaperwork,andthereisn'tmuchyoucandoaboutit.”

B.”Finally,Ican'tsaytothemthattheirpromotionswillhingeontheexcellenceoftheir

paperwork.Firstofall,theyknowit*snottrue.Iftheirperformanceisadequate,mostaremore

likelytogetpromotedjustbystayingontheforceacertainnumberofyearsthanforsomespecific

outstandingact.Second,theyweretrainedtodothejobtheydooutinthestreets,nottofill

outforms.Al1throughtheircareeritisthearrestsandinterventionsthatgetnoticed.”

C.〃I'vegotarealproblemwithmyofficers.Theycomeontheforceasyoung,inexperiencedmen,

andwesendthemoutonthestreet,eitherincarsoronawalk.Theyseemtolikethecontact

theyhavewiththepublic,theactioninvolvedincrimeprevention,andtheapprehensionof

criminals.Theyalsolikehelpingpeopleoutatfires,accidents,andotheremergencies.?，

D.”SomepeoplehavesuggestedanumberofthingsIikeusingconvictionrecordsasaperformance

criterion.However,weknowthat*snotfair一toomanyotherthingsareinvolved.Badpaperwork

increasesthechancethatyouloseincourt,butgoodpaperworkdoesn*tnecessarilymeanyou*11

win.Wetriedsettingupteamcompetitionsbasedontheexcellenceofthereports,buttheguys

caughtontothatprettyquickly.Noonewasgettinganytypeofrewardforwinningthecompetition,

andtheyfiguredwhytheyshouldlaborwhentherewasnopayoff.

E.”Theproblemoccurswhentheygetbacktothestation.Theyhatetodothepaperwork,andbecause

theydislikeit,thejobisfrequentlyputoffordoneinadequately.Thislackofattentionhurts

uslateronwhenwegettocourt.Weneedclear,factualreports.Theymustbehighlydetailed

andunambiguous.Assoonasonepartofareportisshowntobeinadequateorincorrect,therest

ofthereportissuspect.Poorreportingprobablycausesustolosemorecasesthananyother

factor.〃

F.〃SoIjustdon'tknowwhattodo.I'vebeengropinginthedarkinanumberofyears.AndI

hopethatthisseminarwillshedsomelightonthisproblemofmineandhelpmeoutinmyfuture

work.〃

G.Alargemetropolitancitygovernmentwasputtingonanumberofseminarsforadministrators,

managersandexecutivesofvariousdepartmentsthroughoutthecity.Atoneofthesesessionsthe

topictobediscussedwasmotivation一howwecangetpub1icservantsmotivatedtodoagoodjob.

Thedifficultyofapolicecaptainbecamethecentralfocusofthediscussion.

Order:

（分数：20.00）

填空项1：（正确答案：O

解析：［解析］本文笫I段G项在文章中的位置已经给出。第1段讲到，一个大都市的市政府召集各部门管

理人员来研讨如何激励公务员做好工作。讨论过程中，一位警察局长遇到的难题成了讨论的中心问题。C

项一开头就点出了话题“我与下属警员的关系上遇到一个难题”。与上文最后一句相呼应，接着警长开始

评论他的下属。

填空项1：（正确答案：E）

解析：［解析］C项内容是警长先从正面来评论他的下属警员。但C项一开头警长说是遇到一个难题。由此

可见，下一段他要讲难题的具体内容。E项正好与此相衔接。即下属警官中存在的问题：问题发生在他们

回到警察局来的时候，他们讨厌写公文。

填空项1:（正确答案：A）

解析：［解析］E项告诉我们，警长说，警官们不爱写公文，由此带来了一系列的麻烦事。本段的最后一句

总结了不认真写公文报告的危害性。A项中警长接着讲，如何去解决这个问题呢？如何去激励他们做好工作

呢?可见A项与上文在逻辑上保持了连贯性。

填空项1:（正确答案：B）

解析：［解析］A项中警长谈到，公文报告工作做得不好的警官有可能被裁减。B项接着谈到，警长说到，

他也不能用职务晋升来激励下属警官做好公文报告工作，并说明了原因。

填空项1:（正确答案：D）

解析：［解析］从上一段内容看，警长真是毫无办法。那么其他人是如何看待这个问题的呢?D项接着说，

有人建议通过胜诉记录来进行评价，他们也进行过小组之间的比赛，但收效甚微。最后一段F项紧扣上文，

因为警长说，他希望，”在这次研讨会上针对这个问题能得到一些启发并帮助他做好以后的工作”。可见，

D项使上下文融会贯通。

Themainpurposeofaresumeistoconvinceanemployertograntyouaninterview.Therearetwo

kinds.Oneisthefamiliar"tombstone"thatlistswhereyouwenttoschoolandwhereyou*veworked

inchronologicalorder.TheotheriswhatIcallthe“functional“resume-descriptive,funto

read,uniquetoyouandmuchmorelikelytolandyouaninterview.

Il'shandytohaveatombstone/zforcertainoccasions.Butprospectiveemployersthrowawaymost

ofthoseunrequested"tombstone“lists,preferringtointerviewthequickratherthanthedead.

Whatfo11owsaretipsonwritingafunctionalresumethatwi11getread一aresumethatmakesyou

comealiveandlookinterestingtoemployers.

1.Putyourselffirst:

Inordertowritearesumeotherswillreadwithenthusiasm,youhavetofeelimportantabout

yourself.

2.Sei1whatyoucando,notwhoyouare:

Practicetranslatingyourpersonalitytraits,character,accomplishmentsandachievementsinto

skillareas.Thereareatleastfivethousandskillareasintheworldofwork.

Tootyourownhorn!

Manypeopleclutchwhenaskedtothinkabouttheirabilities.Somethinktheyhavenoneatall!

Buteveryonedoes,andoneofyoursmayjustbetheticketanemployerwou1dbegladtopunch一if

onlyyoushowit.

3.Bespecific,beconcrete,andbebrief!

Rememberthat"brevityisthebestpolicy./z

4.Turnbadnewsintogood:

Everybodyhashaddisappointmentsinwork.Ifyouhavetomentionyours,lookforthepositive

side.

5.Neverapologize:

Ifyou'rereturningtotheworkforceafterfifteenyearsasaparent,simplywriteashortparagraph

（summaryofbackground）inplaceofachronologyofexperience.Don*tapologizeforworkingat

beingamother;it'sthehardestjobofall.Ifyouhavenospecialtrainingorhighereducation,

justdon'tmentioneducation.

Thesecretistothinkabouttheselfbeforeyoustartwritingaboutyourself.Takefourorfive

hoursoff,notnecessarilyconsecutive,andsimplywritedowneveryaccomplishmentinyourlife,

onoroffthejob,thatmadeyoufeeleffective.Don*tworryatfirstaboutwhatitallmeans.

Studythelistandtrytospotpatterns.Asyoustudyyourlist,youwillcomeclosertothemeaning:

identifyingyourmarketableskills.Onceyoudiscoverpatterns,givenamestoyourclusterof

accomplishments（1eadershipski1Is,budgetmanagementski1Is,chi1ddevelopmentskillsetc.）Try

tolistatleastthreeaccomplishmentsunderthesameskillsheading.Nowstartwritingyourresume

asifyoumattered.Itmaytakefourdraftsormore,andseveralweeks,beforeyou,rereadyto

showittoastranger（friendsareusuallytookind）forareaction.Whenyou'resatisfied,send

ittoaprinter;aprintedresumeisfarsuperiortophotocopies.Itshowsanemployerthatyou

regardjobhuntingasseriouswork,worthdoingright.

Isn'tthatthekindofpersonyou,dwantworkingforyou?

A.Awomanwholostherjobasateacher*saidecluetoacutbackingovernmentfundingwrote:

/zPrincipalofelementaryschoolcitedmeastheonlyteacher,saideshewouldrehireifgovernment

fundsbecameavailable.

B.OneresumeIreceivedincludedthefollowing:Invitedbymysuperiortostraightenoutour

organization*saccountsreceivable.Setuporderlyrepaymentschedule,reconciledaccountsweekly,

andimprovedcashflow100percent.Rewardedwithraiseandpromotion.Noticehowthiswoman

focusesonresults,specifieshowsheaccomplishedthem,andmentionsherreward-allin34words.

C.Forexample,ifyouhaveaflairforsaving,managingandinvestingmoney,youhavemoney

managementskills.

D.Anacquaintancecomplainedofbeingbiasedwhenlosinganopportunityduetothestatement

“Readytolearnthoughnotsowelleducated.*

E.Oneofmyformercolleagues,forexample,wrotethreeresumesinthreedifferentstylesin

ordertofindoutwhichwasmorepreferred.Theresultis,ofcourse,theonethathighlights

skillsandeducationbackground.

F.Awomanoncetoldmeaboutacash-flowcrisisheremployerhadfaced.She,dagreedtowork

withoutpayforthreemonthsuntiIbusinessimproved.Herrewardwasherbackpayplusa20percent

bonus.Iaskedwhythatmarvelousstorywasn*tinherresume.Sheanswered,“Itwasn*timportant.z，

WhatshewasreallysayingofcoursewasTmnotimportant./

（分数：20.00）

填空项1:（正确答案：F）

解析：［解析］第1题的小标题是Putyourselffirst（把自己放在第一位）。此段首句进行了解释，“要

想让自己的简历使读的人充满热情，那么你首先就要觉得自己是个人物”。F项就是从反面说明了这一观

点。作者通过例子说明，不要认为自己做过的事情不值一提。

填空项1：（正确答案：O

解析：［解析］第2题的小标题是Sei1whatyoucando,notwhoyouarc（要强调能力而不是性格），下

面的文字进一步说明要练习学会把自己的个性特点、品格和成就诠释成具体的技能，在职场中至少有5000

种技能（意思是，你总能找到一种自己拥有的技能）。C项最贴切：例如，如果你有节约、投资、管理钱财

的天分，那么你拥有理财的能力。

填空项1：（正确答案：B）

解析：［解析］第3题的小标题是Bespecific,beconcrete,andbrief!（要具体、简洁!）B项以一个成

功的例子说明了这点，一位女士仅用了34个词就简洁明了地把重点说清楚了。

填空项1：（正确答案：A）

解析：［解析］第4题的小标题是Turnbadnewsintogood（把坏消息变为好消息）。接着段首句写道：每

个人在工作中总有不尽如人意的地方。如果你不得不提到这些事，那么从积极、正面的角度去看。A项就

是一个正面的例子。一个女助教因为政府缩减资金而被解雇。这似乎不大光彩，但是这位女士谈起此事时

却用了另一个角度，“小学校长说得到政府拨款后我是她会重新雇佣的唯一一名助教”，字里行间洋溢着

自信。

填空项1：（正确答案：D）

解析：［解析］第5题的小标题是Neverapologize（不要道歉）。下面的文字举例说明要扬长避短。每个人

都有短处，没有必要为自己的短处羞愧。求职就是要让雇主看到自己的闪光点。个人简历不是进行道歉的

地方。D项以一个失败的例子说明了这一点：作者的一位朋友说他求职时遭到了歧视，因为他的简历中写

了“好学，但教育程度不高”。

Certainactivistlawyershavegrabbedheadlinesrecentlyintheircampaigntograntlegalrights,

first,tochimpanzeesandthentootheranimals.(1).

Proponentsofanimalrightsbuildtheircasewiththesearguments:(1)certainanimalsshare

qualitiesofconsciousnessthathaveheretoforebeenseenasuniquelyhuman;(2)animalsare:

brutalizedinresearch;(3)researchwithanimalshasbeenmadeobsoletebycomputersandother

technologies.

(2).Lastly,andperhapsmostimportantly,thereisnosubstituteforanimalresearchto

understandbiologicalprocessesthataffectalivingorganism.Thinkofitthisway:Whyusecostly

animalsifequallyusefulnon-animalresearchtoolswereavailable?

(3).Witheverymedicalbreakthroughofthepastcenturythedirectresultofanimal-based

research,suchresearchisnotonlyethical,butisourobiigation.

(4).PhilosopherPeterSingerfirstmadetheargumentthatsomeanimalsoughttocountas"persons”,

whereasmentallydefectivehumansshouldnotandthatthelivesofhealthyanimalsoughttobe

weighedequallywithhumanbeings.SingersaysparentsofanewbornwithDown*ssyndromewould

bejustifiedinendingherlifetomakeroomintheirlivesforababywithnormalintelligence.

RecalI,though,thatNaziGermanyusedthesamekindofpersonhoodcriteriontojustifykilling

thephysicallyandmentallyhandicapped.

⑸.

Animalsarenotlittlepersons:Thenecessityofdistinguishingbetweenapersonandanimalstrikes

attheheartofthedilemmafacedbyascientistwhoisveryfondofanimals,yetwhousesthem

inresearch.Ihavecometorealizetheobvious:Wedecidewhatanimalsaretobeinrelation

tous.Iadoremycat,Buster,butIalsousedmembersofhisspeciesinmyresearchforyears.

A.Theybelievethattheseanimalsdeservelegalprotection,includinganendtotheiruseas

subjectsofmedicalresearch.Asaresearchscientistwhofor40yearshasusedanimalsinsleep

studies,Iamdeeplyconcerned.

B.Wehaveagreatobligationtotheanim