广东省东莞市海逸外国语学校2024-2025学年高二下学期第一次质量检测英语试卷 （原卷版+解析版）

2024-2025学年第二学期十一年级第一次质量检测试卷—英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考号填写在答题卡上，用2B铅笔将考号、座位号填涂在答题卡上。2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案答在试题卷上无效。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷上各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4．考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自己保留。第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节听力理解(两段共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)共两小段，每段播放两遍。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第一段对话，回答第1～2题。1．Wherearethetwospeakers?A．Attheairport.B．Atthetrainstation.C．Atthesubwaystation.2．Howlongwillthewomanhavetowait?A．Aboutanhour.B．Aboutanhourandahalf.C．Abouthalfanhour.听第二段对话，回答第3～5题。3．Whatarethetwospeakersplanningtodo?A．Togototheparkforapicnic.B．Toenjoythesunshine.C．Toeatoutside.4．Whatwilltheydotoavoidadirtytable?A．Theywillhireacleaner.B．Theywillpacksomethingclean.C．Theywillbringatablecloth.5．Whatmighttheydonext?A．Gotothepark.B．Stayathome.C．GototheKFC.第二节听取信息(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)听下面一段材料。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入标号为6～10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。你将有60秒钟的作答时间。RandyPauschContributionAsaprofessor,he6countlessstudentsintheclassroom.HislifeHeknewthathehadcancerin2006.On7182007,hedecidetogivealecture.Thelastlecture●Inhislastspeech,hedidn’ttalkabouthis8,butsharedwiththeaudiencehis9.●Hislecturebecameaninternationalmediastoryanda(n)10bookthathasbeenpublishedinmorethan35languages.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分37.5分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ASciencefictionpioneerandwriterWuYanwontheNationalOutstandingChildren’sliteratureAwardforhislatestworkChinaOrbit.ThebookfocusesonthedevelopmentoftheChineseaerospaceindustry,anditwasinspiredbytheplanningandpreparationforChina’sfirstbutcanceledmannedspacecraft,“Shuguang1”,alsoknownasProject714,duringthelate1960sandearly1970s.“Icollectedmanyhistoricaldocumentsandstoriesandstartedwritingdecadesago,Wuremembered.PartlybasedonWu’sownexperiencesinthe1970s,thebookisacombinationofrealityandfiction,andinsomewayshisownmemoir(传记)wasaddedintothesciencefiction.Thisinnovativeanduniquewritingmethodmakesthebookstandoutandhasevenstirredupadebateonhowtocategorizeit.Isitsciencefiction,popularscience,children’sliterature,oraerospaceliterature?HisfellowsciencefictionwriterLiuCixin,authorofTheThree-BodyProblem,seesitmoredeeply,andbelievesChinaOrbitisnotreallychildren’ssciencefictionorpopularscience.Hethinksitistoocomplicatedtobeclassedunderasinglecategory.HespeakshighlyofChinaOrbitasauniquesciencefictionnovelthatvividlyshowsachild’sreal-lifeexperienceinamilitaryofaspecificera.InWu’sopinion,Chinaisabigmarketforchildren’ssciencefiction,butitstilllacksextraordinaryworks.HewarnedpeoplenottotrytoearnquickmoneyfromitafterTheThree-BodyProblemfrenzy(狂热)andmovieblockbuster(轰动)TheWonderingEarthbecauseChinesesciencefictionstillhasalongwaytogo.WeneedtobuildChinesesciencefictionstepbystep,withanaccumulationofreallygreatworks.Weneedtoinnovate,andtreatitaspartofbuildingChina’snewculture.1.What

is

the

book

China

Orbit

mainly

about?A.The

space

industry

in

China.B.The

introduction

to

Project

714.C.Stories

about

Chinese

outstanding

astronauts.D.Preparations

for

China’s

firstmannedspacecraft.2.What

is

Wu’s

approach

to

writing

China

Orbit?A.He

organizes

the

writing

by

time.BHe

tells

the

story

in

the

form

of

debate.C.He

focuses

on

creating

the

role

of

children.D.He

combines

his

personal

experiences

withfiction.3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.ChinaObithasgreatcommercialvalue.B.Chinesesciencemoviesareofpoorquality.C.InnovationiscrucialtoChinesesciencefiction.D.WuYanisdisappointedattheChinesefilmmarket.BWetrulyarewhatweeat—andwhatourancestorsate.Foodhaschangedwhoweareandhowwedevelopedforhundredsofthousandsofyears.Fromprocessingtopreservingtocooking,whathumansdidandcontinuetodotofoodplayedabigroleinshapingourevolution.Processedfoodisn’tjustamoderninvention,createdinfactoriesfromartificialingredients.Itisasoldashumanityitselfandmayhavehelpedcreateourspecies.Processingdoesn’tnecessarilymeanaddingchemicals-italsoincludeshittingorslicing(切片)orchangingthefoodinanywaybeforeeating.Comparedtoourancestors,modernhumanteeth,jawsandfaceshavegottensmallerrelativetooverallskullsizebecauseofmakingfoodeasiertochew,especiallyfromcooking.Processingfoodalsoledtoahugegaininleisuretime.Thelesstimepeoplespentchewing,themoretimetheyhadtodevelopcomplexorallanguage.Cookingfoodwasoneofthebiggestchangesinhumanhistory.Researchersbelieveitcouldhaveoccurredbetween1.8millionand400,000yearsago,HarvardprofessorRichardWranghamsaid,accordingtoNationalGeographic.Cookingincreasestheenergyandnutrientswegetfromfood.Withoutcooking,accordingtotheBBC,anaveragepersonwouldhavetoeataround5kilosofrawfoodtosurviveandwe’dhavetospendmostofthedaychewing.Cookingfoodalsobreaksdownitscells,soourstomachsneedtoworklesstoabsorbthenutrientsourbodiesrequire.“This,”saidProfessorPeterWheelerfromLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversity,UK,“freedupenergywhichcouldthenbeusedtopoweralargerbrain.Theincreaseinbrain-sizemirrorsthereductioninthesizeofthegut(肠道).”Processedfoodliterallyshapedusasaspeciesandmadeushuman-theonlyspeciesonEarthwhocancook.4.Whatcanweknowaboutprocessedfood?A.Itmakesfoodeasiertocook.B.Itismostlycreatedfromartificialingredients.C.Itappearsatleastsincethebeginningofhumanbeings.D.Itchangesthewaywetalk.5.Whatisthebenefitofcookingfoodtohumans?A.Itpracticeshumanchewingskills.B.Itcostshumanmoreleisuretime.C.Itreducesfooddigestionofhumans.D.Itsavesenergyforhumanstodevelopbrains.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mirrors”inparagraph4mean?A.benefits. B.reflects. C.influences. D.functions.CGovernmentagenciesandvolunteergroupsinmanyplacesareusingseacreaturestoprotectcoastalareasfromstormsandrisingsealevels.Theideaisthatlargegroupsofoysters(牡蛎)knownascolonies,canhelpreducethepowerofwaves.Powerfulwavescandamagelandsalongtheedgeofoceanwaters.Oystersmayplayanimportantpartindealingwiththeproblem.OystersarecentraltoaprojectthatistakingplacenearVaccaro’srebuilthouse.TheprojectisbeingcarriedoutbytheLittoreSociety.Itreceived$1millionfromtheNewJerseyDepartmentofEnvironmentalProtection.Thegrouphasbeenbuildingsteelwirecontainers,fillingthemwithrocksandwhelk(海螺)shellsanpositioningthemalongtheshorelineofBarnegatBay.Tinybabyoystersareattachedtowhelkshellsandplacedintheexistingcagestofurtherstrengthentheshoreline.TheshorelineinVaccaro’sneighborhoodhaslost46metersofbeachsince1995,theLittoralSocietysays.Theoystersappeartobedoingtheirjob.Onerecentday,astrongeastwindblewacrossthebay.Butbetweentheoystersandtheshoreline,thewaterwasmuchcalmer,andwavesgentlywenontotheshorelineinsteadofhittingitwithforce.Asanaddedbenefit,theoystershelpimprovewaterqualityinthebay.TheAssociatedPressreportsthatasingleoystercanfilter(过滤)upto190litersofwateraday.Afewkilometerssouth,agroupcalledReClamtheBayisbuildinganoysterreeftoprotecttheshorelineofMordecaiIsland.Peopledonotliveontheisland,butitprotectstheshorelineofBeachHaven,atownonLongBeachIsland.Volunteersfillbagswith16kilogramsofwhelkshells,towhichmillionsofbabyoystershavebeenattached.Thenvolunteersmovethemouttothereefafewhundredyardsintotheocean.Theyhaveplaced10,000bagsofoystersandwhelkshellstheresince2015.7.Wheredothebabyoystersgrow?A.Onthesearocks. B.Insteelwirecages.C.Inshallowcalmwater. D.Inthefishermen’shouses.8.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinparagraph4?A.Thesealifeprojectworks. B.Thebabyoystersgrowwell.C.Thebeachstopsmissing. D.Theseapollutionisdropping.9.WhatdoweknowaboutReClamtheBay?A.ItcooperateswiththeLittoralSociety.B.ItoffersbabyoysterstotheLittoralSociety.CIthasthesameaimastheLittoralSociety.D.IthasmademoreprogressthantheLittoralSociety.10.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.OysterFarmingHasGreatBenefitsB.VolunteerOceanProtectionIsinActionC.WorldwideBeachesAreDisappearingFastD.LittleSeaCreatureCouldSaveCoastalLand第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouthinkofthejobsrobotscouldneverdo,youwouldprobablyputdoctorsandteachersatthetopofthelist.It’seasytoimaginerobotcleanersandfactoryworkers,butsomejobsneedhumanconnectionandcreativity.Butareweunderestimating(低估)whatrobotscando?____11____Also,somepatientsmightfeelmorecomfortablesharingpersonalinformationwithamachinethanaperson.____12____BritisheducationexpertAnthonySeldonthinksso.Andheevenhasadatefortherobottakeoveroftheclassroom:2027.____13____Andteacherswillbelikeassistants.Intelligentrobotswillreadstudents’facialexpressions,bodymovementsandmaybeevenbrainsignals.Thentheywilladapttheinformationtoeachstudent.It’snotapopularopinionandit’sunlikelyrobotswilleverhaveempathy(同感)andtheabilitytoreallyconnectwithhumanslikeanotherhumancan.Onethingiscertain,though.____14____Insomepartsoftheworld,therearen’tenoughteachersand9-16percentofchildrenundertheageof14don’tgotoschool.Thatproblemcouldbepartlysolvedbyrobotsbecausetheycanteachanywhere.Teachersallovertheworldareleavingbecauseitisadifficultjobandtheyfeeloverworked.Perhapsthequestionisnot“Willrobotsreplaceteachers?”but“Howcanrobotshelpteachers?”Officeworkerscanusesoftwaretodothings.____15____Ifrobotscouldcutthetimeteachersspendmarkinghomeworkandwritingreports,teacherswouldhavemoretimeandenergyforthepartsofthejobhumansdobest.A.Teacherscanbereplacedbyrobots.B.Arobotteacherisbetterthannoteacheratall.C.Teacherswastealotoftimedoingnon-teachingwork.D.Hepredictsrobotswilldothemainjoboftransferringinformation.E.Couldtherebeaplaceforrobotsineducationafterall?F.Robotscansavetimethatteachersspendinteachinginclassroom.G.Insomecases,theyalreadyperformbetterthandoctorsatdiagnosing(诊断)illness.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分37.5分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Iwasheadinghomeaftergivingmycolleaguealift.Itooka___16___asthesnowstormwasapproaching.Thenthesnowstartedandwascomingdown___17___.WithinminutesIwasinawhiteout.Thewindowswere___18___andgettingcoveredwithsnow,soIsloweddownandrolleddownmydriver'ssidewindow,thinkingIcouldbetter___19___theroadedgeandkeeptoastraightline.Butreally,Ihadno___20___whereIwas.Istoppedandkeptthecarrunningtostay___21___.Icalled911.Theoperatortoldmetowaitthingsoutforthenight.Thecallleftmein___22___.Breathe,Itoldmyself.Anideaoccurredtome.I___23___mylocationonlineandexplainedwhatIwas___24___,wishingforanyonetocometomyrescue.Soonenough,peoplestartedchiminginonmypost.Igota____25____fromsomeonewhowasgoingtoputmeintouchwithpeoplenearby.Ihadneverbeenmore____26____.ThenIsawabig____27____inthedark.Hehadwalkedabout500metrestogetme,____28____thewindandsnoweachstepoftheway.“You’llbeOK.Followme.”Heturnedaroundandstartedtotrudgethroughthesnow,sureofthe____29____.Idroveslowlybehindhim.Whenwereachedhishouse,Iburstintotearsof____30____.16.A.shortcut B.turn C.look D.risk17.A.soon B.fast C.lightly D.suddenly18.A.locked B.closed C.frozen D.broken19.A.follow B.cover C.mark D.remember20.A.plan B.clue C.doubt D.problem21.A.awake B.calm C.warm D.still22.A.confusion B.trouble C.embarrassment D.panic23.A.confirmed B.found C.posted D.checked24.A.lookingat B.goingthrough C.searchingfor D.carryingout25.A.tip B.comment C.like D.message26.A.inspired B.relieved C.convinced D.amazed27.A.policeman B.creature C.shadow D.figure28.A.fighting B.avoiding C.checking D.reporting29.A.goal B.danger C.depth D.direction30.A.hope B.love C.gratitude D.pride第二节单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词语或使用括号中词语的适当形式填空。31.Thepurposeofthisactivityis_________(show)ourrichcampuscultureandthestudents’varioustalents.(所给词的适当形式填空)32.Asachild,shelovedwatching______(comedy)bestandhopedtobecomeacomedyactoroneday.(所给词的适当形式填空)33.WangSulongnowisavery______(influence)figureinthemusicindustry.(所给词的适当形式填空)34.Tolivealow-carbonlife,peoplecanrely______publictransportationtogetthemtoandfromwork.(用适当的词填空)35.Theproblemcomeswhencoolweatherdelaysthespringharvestofwheat,______inturndelaystheplantingofsoybeans.(用适当的词填空)36.Much______(invest)inhospitalsandschoolsisneedednowtomatchthefutureneedsofourcountry.(所给词的适当形式填空)37.______exhibitionwillbeheldinmycitynextmonth,butwestilldon’tknowwhatitisabout.(用适当的词填空)38.Infact,______weshoulddoistakemeasurestolearnEnglishwell.(用适当的词填空)39.Hishome______(destroy)10yearsagoinabigstormthataffectedtheU.S.westcoast.(所给词的适当形式填空)40.Scotlandisadestinationforarelaxingholiday,______(describe)as“thehomeofgolf”.(所给词适当形式填空)第四部分写作(共三节，满分55分)第一节句子考查(51-54小题，每空0.5分，55-57每小题3分;满分15分)根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。41.Ithinkpeople,women____________(尤其),tendtoavoidtalkingaboutsuchsensitiveissues.(根据汉语提示完成句子)42.He________________________(下定决心)tosailaroundtheworld.(根据汉语提示完成句子)43.Therefore,everymemberinthefamily,includingtheservants,likedher.(同义句转换)Therefore,everymemberinthefamily,includingtheservants,__________________her.44.Asarepresentativeofthestaff,Iwishtoextendourwarmestwelcometoyou.(同义句转换)__________________thestaff,Iwishtoextendourwarmestwelcometoyou.45.Johnasked,“Didyouseemysonyesterday?”(改为间接引语)____________________________________________________________________________________________46.Reducingtheincomegapinordertobuildaharmonioussocietyisarequirement.(用it作形式主语改写)___________________________________________________________________________________________47.他当时如此专注他的工作，以至于没有意识到该吃晚饭了。(用so...that...翻译)___________________________________________________________________________________________第二节应用文写作(满分15分)48.请你以中学生李华的名义为一家英语网站写一篇文章，呼吁更多中学生加入保护大熊猫的行列中来。内容包括：1.大熊猫(thegiantpanda)是中国的国宝，也是世界稀有动物之一；2.大熊猫主要以竹子为食，曾经由于竹林遭到破坏，大熊猫觅食越来越困难；3.发出呼吁。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第三节读后续写(满分25分)49.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Rick,aten-year-oldboy,wasconstantlyangryateverythingaroundhim.Healwaysfoughtinschoolwiththeotherkids.Oncehehadanoutburstinschool.Upsetbysomethingaclassmatesaidtohim,hepushedtheboy,andafighthappened.Whentheteachersteppedintobreakitup,Rickwentcrazy,throwingpapersandbooksaroundtheclassroomandrushingout.Histeacherscouldn’tsayanythingthatwouldcomfortthekid.Andtheparentsofhisschoolmatesweregettingconcerned.Rickwasearningquitethereputation.Aftertalkingwithschoolofficials,Rick’smomtriedeverythingshecouldtocalmRickdown.Shetrieddifferentmethodsuntilonedayshecamehomewithacanvas(画布)andpaint.“What’sthis?”,Rickasked.Rick’smomhandedoverthepaintingequipmentandsaid,“Wheneveryoufeelangry,paintwhateveryou’reangryaboutinsteadofburstingout.”Rickwasn’tthathappyaboutitbuthegaveitatryanyway.Overthenextfewweeks,theyoungboycreatedseveralartworks.Theymostlyshoweddisturbingimagesthough.SohismomtookallofthepaintingsandcalledRickoversothattheycouldtalkaboutthem.“Tellme,Rick.Whatarethesepaintingsabout?”“Well,thefirstpaintingisabouthowsomeofthekidsshowofftheirnewclothesandpencilcases.ThenextpaintingisaboutmyteacherwhokeepstellingmeabouthowI’mdoingthingswrong.Andthelastpaintingisabouthowoneofmyschoolmate’sfathersuggestedthatIchangemyattitude.Allofthemmakemesoangry.”Rick’smom,inacalmvoice,tookRickbyhersideandtoldhim:“Don’tyouseeit,Rick?”“Seewhat?”Rickasked.“You’resoangryatallofthesethingsbutnotoncedidyoutrytounderstandwhyyou’regettingsoangry.Whathaveallthesepeopledonetoyou,really?”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Rickwaslostinthought_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Rickknewitwastimetochange._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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2024-2025学年第二学期十一年级第一次质量检测试卷—英语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考号填写在答题卡上，用2B铅笔将考号、座位号填涂在答题卡上。2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案答在试题卷上无效。3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答卷上各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4．考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自己保留。第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节听力理解(两段共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)共两小段，每段播放两遍。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。听第一段对话，回答第1～2题。1．Wherearethetwospeakers?A．Attheairport.B．Atthetrainstation.C．Atthesubwaystation.2．Howlongwillthewomanhavetowait?A．Aboutanhour.B．Aboutanhourandahalf.C．Abouthalfanhour.听第二段对话，回答第3～5题。3．Whatarethetwospeakersplanningtodo?A．Togototheparkforapicnic.B．Toenjoythesunshine.C．Toeatoutside.4．Whatwilltheydotoavoidadirtytable?A．Theywillhireacleaner.B．Theywillpacksomethingclean.C．Theywillbringatablecloth.5．Whatmighttheydonext?A．Gotothepark.B．Stayathome.C．GototheKFC.第二节听取信息(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)听下面一段材料。请根据题目要求，从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息，填入标号为6～10的空格中。听录音前，你将有10秒钟的阅题时间，录音读两遍。你将有60秒钟的作答时间。RandyPauschContributionAsaprofessor,he6countlessstudentsintheclassroom.HislifeHeknewthathehadcancerin2006.On718,2007,hedecidetogivealecture.Thelastlecture●Inhislastspeech,hedidn’ttalkabouthis8,butsharedwiththeaudiencehis9.●Hislecturebecameaninternationalmediastoryanda(n)10bookthathasbeenpublishedinmorethan35languages.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分37.5分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2.5分，满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ASciencefictionpioneerandwriterWuYanwontheNationalOutstandingChildren’sliteratureAwardforhislatestworkChinaOrbit.ThebookfocusesonthedevelopmentoftheChineseaerospaceindustry,anditwasinspiredbytheplanningandpreparationforChina’sfirstbutcanceledmannedspacecraft,“Shuguang1”,alsoknownasProject714,duringthelate1960sandearly1970s.“Icollectedmanyhistoricaldocumentsandstoriesandstartedwritingdecadesago,Wuremembered.PartlybasedonWu’sownexperiencesinthe1970s,thebookisacombinationofrealityandfiction,andinsomewayshisownmemoir(传记)wasaddedintothesciencefiction.Thisinnovativeanduniquewritingmethodmakesthebookstandoutandhasevenstirredupadebateonhowtocategorizeit.Isitsciencefiction,popularscience,children’sliterature,oraerospaceliterature?HisfellowsciencefictionwriterLiuCixinauthorofTheThree-BodyProblem,seesitmoredeeply,andbelievesChinaOrbitisnotreallychildren’ssciencefictionorpopularscience.Hethinksitistoocomplicatedtobeclassedunderasinglecategory.HespeakshighlyofChinaOrbitasauniquesciencefictionnovelthatvividlyshowsachild’sreal-lifeexperienceinamilitaryofaspecificera.InWu’sopinion,Chinaisabigmarketforchildren’ssciencefiction,butitstilllacksextraordinaryworks.HewarnedpeoplenottotrytoearnquickmoneyfromitafterTheThree-BodyProblemfrenzy(狂热)andmovieblockbuster(轰动)TheWonderingEarthbecauseChinesesciencefictionstillhasalongwaytogo.WeneedtobuildChinesesciencefictionstepbystep,withanaccumulationofreallygreatworks.Weneedtoinnovate,andtreatitaspartofbuildingChina’snewculture.1.What

is

the

book

China

Orbit

mainly

about?A.The

space

industry

in

China.B.The

introduction

to

Project

714.C.Stories

about

Chinese

outstanding

astronauts.D.Preparations

for

China’s

firstmannedspacecraft.2.What

is

Wu’s

approach

to

writing

China

Orbit?A.He

organizes

the

writing

by

time.B.He

tells

the

story

in

the

form

of

debate.C.He

focuses

on

creating

the

role

of

children.D.He

combines

his

personal

experiences

withfiction.3.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.ChinaObithasgreatcommercialvalue.B.Chinesesciencemoviesareofpoorquality.C.InnovationiscrucialtoChinesesciencefiction.D.WuYanisdisappointedattheChinesefilmmarket.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文阐述了作家吴岩凭借其最新作品《中国轨道号》获得了全国优秀儿童文学奖，并围绕这部儿童科幻作品，说明中国儿童科幻小说存在的问题和努力的方向。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“ThebookfocusesonthedevelopmentoftheChineseaerospaceindustry(这本书的重点是中国航空航天工业的发展)”可知，ChinaOrbit这本书主要讲的是中国的航天工业。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“PartlybasedonWu’sownexperiencesinthe1970s,thebookisacombinationofrealityandfiction,andinsomewayshisownmemoir(传记)wasaddedintothesciencefiction.Thisinnovativeanduniquewritingmethodmakesthebookstandoutandhasevenstirredupadebateonhowtocategorizeit.(这本书部分取材于他自己在20世纪70年代的经历，是现实与虚构的结合，在某种程度上，他自己的回忆录被添加到科幻小说中。这种创新和独特的写作方法使这本书脱颖而出，甚至引发了一场关于如何分类的争论。)”可知，吴岩把他自己的回忆录添加到了科幻小说中。因此，吴的写作方法是他把个人经历和小说结合起来。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“WeneedtobuildChinesesciencefictionstepbystep,withanaccumulationofreallygreatworks.Weneedtoinnovate,andtreatitaspartofbuildingChina’snewculture.(我们需要一步一步地建设中国科幻小说，积累真正伟大的作品。我们要创新，把创新作为建设中国新文化的一部分。)”可知，从最后一段我们能推断出创新是中国科幻小说的关键。故选C。BWetrulyarewhatweeat—andwhatourancestorsate.Foodhaschangedwhoweareandhowwedevelopedforhundredsofthousandsofyears.Fromprocessingtopreservingtocooking,whathumansdidandcontinuetodotofoodplayedabigroleinshapingourevolution.Processedfoodisn’tjustamoderninventioncreatedinfactoriesfromartificialingredients.Itisasoldashumanityitselfandmayhavehelpedcreateourspecies.Processingdoesn’tnecessarilymeanaddingchemicals-italsoincludeshittingorslicing(切片)orchangingthefoodinanywaybeforeeating.Comparedtoourancestors,modernhumanteeth,jawsandfaceshavegottensmallerrelativetooverallskullsizebecauseofmakingfoodeasiertochew,especiallyfromcooking.Processingfoodalsoledtoahugegaininleisuretime.Thelesstimepeoplespentchewing,themoretimetheyhadtodevelopcomplexorallanguage.Cookingfoodwasoneofthebiggestchangesinhumanhistory.Researchersbelieveitcouldhaveoccurredbetween1.8millionand400,000yearsago,HarvardprofessorRichardWranghamsaid,accordingtoNationalGeographic.Cookingincreasestheenergyandnutrientswegetfromfood.Withoutcooking,accordingtotheBBC,anaveragepersonwouldhavetoeataround5kilosofrawfoodtosurviveandwe’dhavetospendmostofthedaychewing.Cookingfoodalsobreaksdownitscells,soourstomachsneedtoworklesstoabsorbthenutrientsourbodiesrequire.“This,”saidProfessorPeterWheelerfromLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversity,UK,“freedupenergywhichcouldthenbeusedtopoweralargerbrain.Theincreaseinbrain-sizemirrorsthereductioninthesizeofthegut(肠道).”Processedfoodliterallyshapedusasaspeciesandmadeushuman-theonlyspeciesonEarthwhocancook.4.Whatcanweknowaboutprocessedfood?A.Itmakesfoodeasiertocook.B.Itismostlycreatedfromartificialingredients.C.Itappearsatleastsincethebeginningofhumanbeings.D.Itchangesthewaywetalk.5.Whatisthebenefitofcookingfoodtohumans?A.Itpracticeshumanchewingskills.BItcostshumanmoreleisuretime.C.Itreducesfooddigestionofhumans.D.Itsavesenergyforhumanstodevelopbrains.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mirrors”inparagraph4mean?A.benefits. B.reflects. C.influences. D.functions.【答案】4.C5.D6.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了食物与人类进化之间的关系，人类随着食物的变化而逐渐发展。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itisasoldashumanityitselfandmayhavehelpedcreateourspecies.Processingdoesn’tnecessarilymeanaddingchemicals-italsoincludeshittingorslicing(切片)orchangingthefoodinanywaybeforeeating.(它和人类本身一样古老，可能帮助创造了我们这个物种。加工并不一定意味着添加化学物质，它还包括在吃之前击打或切片或以任何方式改变食物。)”可知，加工食品至少从人类开始就出现了。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thelesstimepeoplespentchewing,themoretimetheyhadtodevelopcomplexorallanguage.(人们花在咀嚼上的时间越少，他们发展复杂口语的时间就越多。)”和第四段“Cookingfoodalsobreaksdownitscells,soourstomachsneedtoworklesstoabsorbthenutrientsourbodiesrequire.“This,”saidProfessorPeterWheelerfromLiverpoolJohnMooresUniversity,UK,“freedupenergywhichcouldthenbeusedtopoweralargerbrain.Theincreaseinbrain-sizemirrorsthereductioninthesize