大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷1（共250题）

大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷1（共9

套）

（共250题）

大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷第1套

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题1.0

分,共20分。）

Accordingtoasurvey,whichwasbasedontheresponsesofover188,000students,

today'straditional-agecollegefreshmenarc"morematerialisticandlessaltruistic（小M也

主义的）"thanatanytimeinthe17yearsofthepoll.Notsurprisinginthesehardtimes,

thestudent'smajorobjective"istobefinanciallywelloff.Lessimportantthaneveris

developingameaningfulphilosophyoflife.'1Itfollowsthenthattodaythemostpopular

courseisnotliteratureorhistorybutaccounting.Interestinteaching,socialserviceand

the"altruistic"fieldsisatalow.Ontheotherhand,enrollmentinbusinessprograms,

engineeringandcomputerscienceiswayup.That'snosurpriseeither.Afriendofmine

（asalesrepresentativeforachemicalcompany）wasmakingtwicethesalaryofher

collegeinstructorsherfirstyearonthejob—evenbeforeshecompletedhertwo-year

associatedegree.Whileifstruethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatour

civilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremoved

fromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributions一

betheyscientificorartistic.Itisequallytruethat,instudyingthediversewisdomof

others,welearnhowtothink.Moreimportant,perhaps,educationteachesustoseethe

connectionsbetweenthings,aswellastoseebeyondourimmediateneeds.Weeklywe

readofunionswhowentonstrikeforhigherwages,onlytodrivetheiremployeroutof

business.Nocompany;nojob.Howshortsightedinthelongrun!Butthemostimportant

argumentlorabroadeducationisthatinstudyingtheaccumulatedwisdomoftheages,

weimproveourmoralsense.Isawacartoonrecentlyvzhichshowsagroupof

businessmenlookingpuzzledastheysitaroundaconferencetable;oneofthemistalking

ontheintercom（对讲@L）:"MissBaxter,"hesays,"couldyoupleasesendinsomeone

whocandistinguishrightfromwrong?"Fromthelong-termpointofview,that'swhat

educationreallyoughttobeabout.

1Accordingtotheauthor'sobservation,collegestudents.

A、haveneverbeensomaterialisticastoday

B>haveneverbeensointerestedinthearts

C>haveneverbeensofinanciallywelloffastoday

D^haveneverattachedsomuchimportancetomoralsense

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据第1段可知，根据调查，当今处于传统年龄的大学

一年级的学生在17年来的民意测验中是“最追求物质享受、最自私的”，这与A所

述相一致。

2、Thestudents,criteriafbrselectingmajorstodayhavemuchtodowith.

A、theinfluencesoftheirinstructors

B、thefinancialgoalstheyseekinlife

C^theirowninterpretationsofthecourses

D、theirunderstandingofthecontributionsofothers

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据第2段第1句指出现在大学生选择专业的目的是为

了经济上的富裕，B中的financialgoals对应文中的financialwelloff,故正确。

3、Bysaying"Whileit'struethat...betheyscientificorartistic*'(Lines1-3,Para.5),the

authormeansthat.

A、businessmanagementshouldbeincludedineducationalprograms

B、humanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeed

C、humanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheights

D、theimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlooked

标准答案：D

知识点解析：句意理解题。本句首选强调Career职业的重要性，之后强喟我们也

必须理解其他领域的知汉，所以这句目的是强调全面教育的重要性，故D正确。

4、Studyingthediversewisdomofotherscan.

A^createvaryingartisticinterests

B、helppeopleseethingsintheirrightperspective

C、helpimproveconnectionsamongpeople

D^regulatethebehaviorofmodernpeople

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据第5段第2句：同样毋庸置疑的还有，学习他人的

各种智慧时，我们也学会怎样去思考。句中howiothink与B中的seethings

in...rightperspective意思最为相反，故B正确。

5、WliichofthefollowingslalcincnlsisHueaccoidinglothepassage?

A^Businessmenabsorbedintheircareerarenarrow-minded.

B、Managersoftenfindithardtotellrightfromwrong.

C、Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardinglife.

D^Careerseekersshouldnotfocusonimmediateinterestsonly.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据文章的第5至6段可知，作者认为罢工要求加薪等

一些追求眼前利益的行为是目光短浅的，故D正确。

InordertohosttheOlympics,acitymustsubmitaproposaltotheIOC.Afterall

proposalshavebeensubmitted,theIOCvotes.Ifnocityissuccessfulingaininga

majorityinthefirstvote,thecitywiththefewestvotesiseliminated,andvoting

continueswithsuccessiveroundsuntilamajoritywinnerisdetermined.Typicallythe

Gamesareawardedseveralyearsinadvance,allowingthewinningcitytimetoprepare

fortheGames.InselectingthesiteoftheOlympicGames,theIOCconsidersanumber

offactors,chiefamongthemwhichcityhas,orpromisestobuild,thebestfacilities,and

whichorganizingcommitteeseemsmostlikelytostagetheGameseffectively.TheIOC

alsoconsiderswhichpartsoftheworldhavenotyethostedtheGames.Forinstance,

Tokyo,thehostofthe1964SummerGames,andMexicoCity,thehostofthe1968

SummerGames,werechoseninparttopopularizetheOlympicmovementinAsiaandin

LatinAmerica.Becauseofthegrowingimportanceoftelevisionworldwide,theIOCin

recentyearshasalsotakenintoaccountthehostcity'slimezone.WhenevertheGames

takeplaceintheUnitedStatesorCanada,forexample,Americantelevisionnetworksare

willingtopaysignificantlyhigheramountsfortelevisionrightsbecausetheycan

broadcastpopulareventsliveinprimeviewinghours.OncetheGameshavebeen

awarded,itistheresponsibilityofthelocalorganizingcommittee—nottheIOCorthe

NOCofthehostcity'scountry-tofinancethem.Thisisoftendonewithaportionofthe

Olympictelevisionrevenuesandwithcorporatesponsorships,ticketsales,andother

smallerrevenuesources,suchascommemorativepostagestampsorproceedsfroma

nationallottery.Inmanycasesthereisalsodirectgovernmentsupport.Althoughmany

citieshaveachievedafinancialprofitbyhostingtheGames,theOlympicscanbe

financiallyrisky.WhentheproceedsfromtheGamesv/erelessthanexpected,thecity

wasleftwithlargedebts.

6、Duringvoting,thecitywillwinhostofOlympics.

A^gettingmostvotesinthefirstvote

B、gettingmorethanhalfvotes

C^beingsupportedbyamajorcity

D^goingaroundsuccessfully

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。也可归类为词义推断题。根据第1段第3句，只要弄清

楚majority的准确意思，即可做出正确选择。本题最具干扰的是选项A,其中的

most（最多的）4majority（大多数）意思很相近，majority通常是指超过半数以上的多

数，而获得mostvotes的国家也不一定等于获得超过半数以上的选票.因此选项A

是不对的。

7、Inselectingthehostcity,theIOCwillconsiderseveralfactorsEXCEPT.

A^thetimezoneofthehostcity

B、theexistingfacilitiesofthehostcity

C、whethertheareahashostedtheGames

D、whetherprofitcouldbemadebythehostcity

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。本题考查列举处。本题可用排除法找出答案。本文第2

段列举了影响奥运会选址的四个因素，选项A、B、C分别对应着其中一个因素，

只有选项D不在其中。

8、Accordingtothepassage,oneofthereasonsforTokyotobethehostofOlympicsin

1964maybe.

A、it'samajorcityofJapan

it,safamouscity

C、it*sacityinAsia

D、it'sniceandcoolinsummer

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考查举例处。第2段中东京获得1964奥运会主办

权这个事实是用于支持上一句（第2句）的说法的，第2句指出奥运会选址还会考虑

哪个地区从没举办过奥运会，结合第3句，即可推断选项C正确。选项A、B和D

可能符合现实，但是文中并无相关依据。

9、EveryOlympicGame*isfinancedhy.

A^thelocalgovernmentandthefinancialorganizations

B、thelocalgovernmentandtheorganizingcommittee

C^theIOCandtheNationalOlympicCommittee

D、thelocalcompaniesandthelocalmedia

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。本文第3段指出了举办奥运会的资金来源，通过对比选

项与这3句的陈述，即可找出正确选项为B。选项A具有干扰性，其中financial

organizalions意为"金融组织”，虽与第1句中的organizingcommiltee和finance等词

相似，但意思却完全不同。

10>Theword"proceeds"inthelastsentencemostprobablymeans"

A、sponsorship

reputation

C>financialsupport

D、financialprofit

标准答案：D

知识点解析：词义推断题。proceeds所在的句子是对上一句的进一步说明，其中，

本句最后的largedebts对应上一句的financiallyrisky,因此，此句中的proceeds对

应上句的financialprofito

Ifyou'refindingittoughtolandajob,tryexpandingyourjob-huntingplantoincludethe

followingstrategies:Setyourtarget.Whileyoushouldalwayskeepyouroptionsopento

compromise,youshouldalsobesuretotargetexactlywhatyouwantinajob.Aspecific

jobhuntwillbemoreefficientthanarandomone.Scheduleabundantinterviews.Use

everypossiblemethodtogetinterviews—answeringads,usingsearchfirms,contacting

companiesdirectly,surfingtheWeb,andnetworking.Evenifajobisnotperfectforyou,

everyinterviewcanmakeyoulearnfromit.Followup.Evenifsomeonedoesnothire

you,writethemathank-younotefortheinterview.Then,someweekslater,sendanother

brieflettertoexplainthatyoustillhavenotfoundtheperfectpositionandthatyouwill

beavailabletointerviewagainiftheoriginalpositionyouappliedfor-oranyother

position,forthatmatter-isopen.Dothiswitheverypositionyouinterviewfor,andyou

mayjustcatchabreak.Makeityourfull-timejob.Youcan*tfindajobbylooking

infrequently.Youhavetomaketimefbrit.Ifyou'reunemployedandlookingforajob,

devoteasmuchtimeasyouwouldtoafull-timejob.Ifyouhaveajobwhileyou're

looking,figureoutanorganizedscheduletomaximizeyoursearchingtime.Network

vertically（纵向地）.Intheresearchphaseofyourjobhunt,talktopeoplewhoareona

levelaboveyouinyourdesiredindustry.They'llhavesomeinsightsthatpeopleatyour

ownlevelwon'thave,andwillbeinagoodpositiontohireyouorrecommendyoutobe

hired.Keepyourspiritsup.Lookingforajobisoneofthetoughestthingsyouwillever

havetodo.Maintainyourconfidence,staypersistent,andthinkpositively,andeventually

youwillgetajobthatsuitsyou.

11、Accordingtotheauthor,yourjob-huntingplanhadbetterbeasaspossible.

A、random

B、clear

C、fixed

D、complex

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。第2段第3句是一个表示对比的句子，表明了找工作应

该specific,而不应该random,由此可确定B是正确选项。本题较具干扰性的是选

项C,但是specific（明确的）并不表示找工作的计划应该fixed（不能改变）.而且

fixed与第2句中的compromise（折中）表达的意思矛盾，因此选项C不正确。

12、The"searchfirms"aremostprobably.

A、companiesthathavevacantpostsavailable

B、companiesthatsupplywebsite-searchservice

C、companiesthatprovidejob-huntingservice

D^companiesthatstudyjobmarketandemploymentrate

标准答案：C

知识点解析：词义推断题。本题可用排除法通过对比得出正确答案。文中第3段第

2句列举了安排面试的方法，选项A其实与该句第三个方法中的companies所指一

致；选项B与句中最后两个方法重叠了；选项D根本不能表达search的意思：所

以只有C是正确的。

13、3Whenhuntingajob,you'dbettercommunicatewithpeopleonalevelaboveyou

because.

A、theywillhireyousoon

theywillasksomeonetohireyou

C^youwillbenefitfromtheirfame

D、youcanlearnfromthem

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。本题考查复合句的理解。从倒数第2段第3句的定语从

句可见，和高一层次的人物交谈，主要是因为他们具有你所不具备的insighls,由

此可推断出和他们交谈可以向他们学习，即选项D。选项A和B中因为有hire一

词，因此看起来与原文有相似之处，但是选项A和B中的will表示的语气过于绝

对,，与原文中beinagoodposition（易于）不相符。

14、Asindicatedinthepassage,inordertogetasuitablejob,youshould.

A、alwayskeepanoptimisticspirit

B、mainlyfocusonafull-timejob

C^applyforonejobatonetime

D、followotherpeople'sfootsteps

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。选项A是对文章末段第1句和最后一句中的

confidence,persistent和positively等说法的近义替换。最具干扰性的是选项B,该

选项与文中泰5段“Makeityourfull-timejob.”在字面上很相近，但是该句的意思

并不是建议找一份全职的工作，而是说要把求职当作一份工作那样认真对待。

15、What'sthebesttitlefbrthispassage?

A、InterviewStrategies.

B、InterviewCeremony.

C、Job-huntingExperience.

D、Job-huntingStrategies.

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：主旨大意题。文章开头第1句即点明全文中心——想找到理想的工

作，请尝试以下的策略；接着文中每一段分别指出了一条策略，每一条都用简洁的

祈使句句式表达,便读者对文章要点一目了然.本题最具干扰件的是选项A.文章

的前半部分都是与interview有关的，但是interview的策略也只是文章的部分内

容，而不能概括全文，因此A不正确。

Itiseasiertonegotiateinitialsalaryrequirementbecauseonceyouareinside,the

organizationalconstraints（约束）influencewageincreases.Onething,however,is

certain:yourchancesofgettingtheraiseyoufeelyoudeservearelessifyoudon'tatleast

askforit.Mentendtoaskfbrmore,andtheygetmore,andthisholdstruewithother

resources,notjustpayincreases.ConsiderBem'sstory:IdidnotgetwhatIwantedwhen

Ididnotaskforit.Wehadcubicle（小隔间）officesandwindowoffices.Isatinthe

cubicleswithseveralmalecolleagues.Onebyonetheyweremovedintowindowoffices,

whileIremainedinthecubicles.Severalmaleswhowerehiredaftermealsowentto

offices.Oneinparticulartoldmehewasnextinlineforanofficeandthatithadbeen

partofhisnegotiationsfbrthejob.Iguesstheythoughtmecontenttostayinthecubicles

sinceIdidnotvoicemyopinioneitherway.Itwouldbeniceifweallreceivedautomatic

payincreasesequaltoourmerit,but"nice"isn'taqualityattributedtomost

organizations.Ifyoufeelyoudeserveasignificantraiseinpay,you'llprobablyhaveto

askforit.Performanceisyourbestbargainingchip(筹下马)whenyouareseekingaraise.

Youmustbeabletodemonstratethatyoudeservearaise.Timingisalsoagood

bargainingchip.Ifyoucangiveyourbosssomethingheorsheneeds(anewclientora

sizablecontract,forexample)justbeforemeritpaydecisionsarebeingmade,youare

morelikelytogettheraiseyouwant.Useinformationasabargainingchiptoo.Findout

whatyouarcworthontheopenmarket.Whatwillsomeoneelsepayforyourservices?

Gointothenegotiationspreparedtoplaceyourchipsonthetableattheappropriatetime

andpreparedtousecommunicationstyletoguidethedirectionoftheinteraction.

16、Accordingtothepassage,beforetakingajob,apersonshould.

A、demonstratehiscapability

B、givehisbossagoodimpression

C、askforasmuchmoneyashecan

D^askforthesalaryhehopestoget

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理判断题。根据文章第1句。开头立论：“Itiseasiertonegotiate

initialsalaryrequirement在进人公司以前就谈妥你的最初工资要求要更容易些因

此，在接受一份工作前应该先提出期望薪金要求，即D。注意C中asmuch…ashe

can意思太绝对.不妥。

17、WhatcanbeinferredfromBeth'sstory?

A、Prejudiceagainstwomenstillexistsinsomeorganizations.

B、Ifpeoplewantwhattheydeserve,theyhavetoaskfbrit.

C、Peopleshouldnotbecontentwithwhattheyhavegot.

D^Peopleshouldbecarefulwhennegotiatingforajob.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。Belh的故事是为了证明第1段提出的观点，主要依据

第2段第1句，第3段最后一句再次印证。核心词为askfor。

18、Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.

A、unfairnessexistsinsalaryincreases

B、mostpeopleareoverworkedandunderpaid

C、oneshouldavoidoverstatingone'sperformance

D、mostorganizationsgivetheirstaffautomaticpayraises

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题。从Beth的故事中不难总结出：如果你要求加薪或提

升，你可能就会得到满足；你如果不要求，老板就可能不予考虑。因此在salary

increase中含有很大的丰观因素，故而unfair。直接依据为第3段第1句。

19、Togetapayraise,apersonshould.

A、advertisehimselfonthejobmarket

persuadehisbosstosignalong-termcontract

C、trytogetinsideinformationabouttheorganization

D、dosomethingtoimpresshisbossjustbeforemeritpaydecisions

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据倒数第3段，perfonnance”工作表现"，timing“抓住

时机”和infbirnation“利用信息”是加薪的三大筹码。D与其中对timing的阐述一

致。

20>Tobesuccessfulinnegotiations,onemust.

A、meethisbossattheappropriatetime

B、arriveatthenegotiationtablepunctually

C、begoodatinfluencingtheoutcomeoftheinteraction

D、befamiliarwithwhatthebosslikesanddislikes

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。最后一段指出，带着准备好的筹码去跟老板商谈加薪，

并在合适的时候拿出来，而且要运用一定的交际手段引导谈判的发展方向，即C。

注意其中placeyourchipsonthetableattheappropriatetime”在适当的时候拿出筹码”

不等于A中的meethisbossattheappropriatetime。

大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷第2套

一、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

Imagineyouwenttoarestaurantwithadate;hadaburger,paidwithacreditcard,and

left.Thenexttimeyougothere,thewaiterorwaitress,armedwithyourprofiledata,

greetsyouwith,"HeyJoe,howareyou?Maryisoverthereintheseatyousatinlast

time.Wouldyouliketojoinherfordinneragain?1'Thenyoufindoutthatyourburger

hasbeencookedandyourdrinkisonthetable.Forgetihefactthatyouarewithanother

dateandareonadietthatdoesn'tincludeburgers.Soundalittlebizarre?Tosome,thisis

therestaurantequivalentoftheInternet.TheNet'sabilitytoprofileyouthroughyour

visitstoandinteractionsatwebsitesprovidesmarketerswithanenormousamountofdata

onyou—someofwhichyoumaynotwantthemtohave.Arcyouawarethatalmost

everytimeyouaccessawebsiteyougeta"cookie"?Unfortunately,it'snottheMrs.

Field'stype.AcookieontheInternetisacomputercodesentbythesitetoyour

computer—usuallywithoutyourknowledge.Duringtheentireperiodoftimethatyouare

atthesite,thecookieiscollectinginformationaboutyourinteraction,includingwhere

youvisit,howlongyoustaythere,howfrequentlyyoureturntocertainpages,andeven

yourelectronicaddress.Filloutasurveytocollectfreeinformationorsamples,and

marketersknowevenmoreaboutyou—likeyourname,address,andanyother

informationyouprovide.Whilethismaysoundscaryenough,cookiesaren'teventhe

latestintechnology.AnewsystemcalledI-librarianAlexa—namedfbrthelegendary

thirdcenturyB.C.libraryinAlexandria,Egypt-doesevenmore.Whilecookiestrack

whatyouarcdoingatonesite,AlexacollectsdataonallyourWebactivity,suchas

whichsitesyouvisitnext,howlongyoustaythere,whetheryouclickonads,etc.Allthis

informationisavailabletomarketers,whouseittomarketmoreeffectivelytoyou.Not

onlydoyounotgetpaidforprovidingtheinformation,youprobablydon'tevenknow

thatyouaregivingit.

1、Intherestaurantstory,theauthormaymostprobablythinkthewaiterorwaitress

was•

A、considerate

polite

C、irritating

D、unsmart

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。第1段中，乔另约了一名新女友去餐馆，餐馆服务员却

招呼他坐在上次约会的女友身边，并且为他准备了与上次同样的食品.包括他节食

忌用的汉堡，这样的服务肯定会使乔做出负面的评价，因此选项A和选项B都不

对。此外.这个故事是为了指出滥用别人的个人资料会惹人讨厌，因此可推断乔对

餐厅服务员的做法会感到生气。选项D虽然也是反面的评价，但是这个选项互能

表明乔不介意自己的资料被盗用，只是觉得餐厅服务员使用的时候不够灵活。这与

文章的主题不符。

2、Theauthormakesuptherestaurantstoryinorderto.

A、showthegoodserviceofferedinsomeWebrestaurants

B、criticizesomerestaurantsfbrtooconsiderateservice

C、showtheInternet'sabilitytocollectdataonyou

D、provetheincrediblepoweroftheInternet

标准答案：C

知识点露析：推理判断题。本题考查例子与主题之间的关系。答题的依据是第1段

最后两句，文章指出餐馆跟因特网一样，它们都收集用户的信息。选项A和B都

只涉及表面，选项D则不如选项C确切、具体。

3、Whatcanbelearnedabout"cookie"fromthesecondparagraph?

A、ItwasfirstcreatedbyMrs.Field.

B、Itcollectsinfk^rmationonyouwithoutyourknowingit.

C>It'ssomeinformationsenttoyourcomputeraboutyourself.

D、It'sthelatestintechnology.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。选择依据是第2段第3句及第4句，选项B是对这两句

话的归纳。选项A谈的是可食用的甜饼，而不是本文叙述的用于收集用户信息的

一种软件。选项C是对第2段第3、4句的歪曲理解。文章明确提到了cookie不是

最新的发明，选项D不正确。

4、Whatcanbelearnedabout"Alexa"fromthesecondparagraph?

A、AlexaisnamedafteranancientheroinEgypt.

B、Alexaisinstalledinlibraries.

C^Alexacancollectallthenecessarydataonyou.

D、Alexacanprovidemoredataformarketersthanacookie.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。本题考查复杂句的理解，并涉及两个事物的对比。第2

段介绍Alexa时，指明它doesevenmore,接着用while连接一个让步状语从句，其

主句是关于Alexa的信息，据此可以判断选项D正确。选项A和B与原文不符，

容易排除。选项C指出Alexa能收集到所有必要的资料，这是对其作用的夸大，实

际上，根据倒数第3句，它收集的只是所有网上活动的资料。

5、Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestreflecttheauthor'sattitudetocookiesand

Alexa?

A、Critical.

B、Suspicious.

C^Objective.

D、Optimistic.

标准答案：A

知识点解析；观点态度题。判断依据是文中作者所使用的二些词句，如：usually

withoutyourknowledge,soundscary及最后一句。这些显不了作者对cookie和

Alexa持反对、批评的态度。

Thehumanbraincontains10thousandmillioncellsandeachofthesemayhavea

thousandconnections.Suchenormousnumbersusedtodiscourageusandcauseusto

dismissthepossibilityofmakingamachinewithhuman-likeability,butnowthatwe

havegrownusedtomovingforwardatsuchapacewecanbelesssure.Quitesoon,in

only10or20yearsperhaps,wewillbeabletoassembleamachineascomplexasthe

humanbrain,andifwecanwewill.Itmaythentakeusalongtimetorenderitintelligent

byloadingintherightsoftware（软件）orbyalteringthearchitecturebutthattoowill

happen.Ithinkitcertainthatindecades,notcenturies,machinesofsilicon（硅）willarise

firsttorivalandthenexceedtheirhumanancestors.Oncetheyexceedustheywillbe

capableoftheirowndesign.Inarealsensetheywillbeabletoreproducethemselves.

Siliconwillhaveendedcarbon'slongcontrol.Andwewillnolongerbeabletoclaim

ourselvestobethefinestintelligenceintheknownuniverse.Astheintelligenceofrobots

increasestomatchthatofhumansandastheircostdeclinesthrougheconomiesofscale

wemayusethemtoexpandourfrontiers,firstonearththroughtheirabilitytowithstand

environments,harmfultoourselves.Thus,desertsmaybloomandtheoceanbedsbe

mined.Furtherahead,byacombinationofthegreatwealththisnewagewillbringand

thetechnologyitwillprovide,theconstructionofavast,man-crcatcdworldinspace,

hometothousandsormillionsofpeople,willbewithinourpower.

6、Inwhatwaycanwemakeamachineintelligent?

A^Bymakingitworkinsuchenvironmentsasdeserts,oceansorspace.

B、Byworkinghardfor10or20years.

C^Byeitherproperlyprogrammingitorchangingitsstructure.

D、Byreproducingit.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。第1段末提到，使机器具有智能的方法有两种，要么安

装合适软件，要么改变其架构，故C正确。

7、Whatdoesthewriterthinkaboutmachineswithhuman-likeability?

A、Hebelievestheywillbeusefultohumanbeings.

B、Hebelievesthattheywillcontrolusinthefuture.

C、Heisnotquitesureinwhatwaytheymayinfluenceus.

D、Hedoesn'tconsidertheconstructionofsuchmachinespossible.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：观点态度题。作者在最后一段提到智能机器人可为人类做很多好事，

故他对机器人态度是肯定的，故A正确，同时排除C。文中只是说机器人会超越

人类，但并未提到会控制人类，故B排除；D与第1段末的ihaltoowillhappen矛

盾，故错误。

8、Theword"carbonu(Linc3,Para.2)standsfor.

A、intelligentrobots

B、achemicalelement

C、anorganicsubstance

D、humanbeings

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：词义理解题。文中提至卜硅”将会终结"碳''的长期统治地位，联系上文

可知，“硅”指的是智能机器人，再结合上文的机器人会超越人类，故可确定“碳”指

代的是人类。

9、Arobotcanbeusedtoexpandourfrontierswhen.

A、itsintelligenceandcostarebeyondquestion

B、itisabletobeartheroughenvironment

C、itismadeascomplexasthehumanbrain

D、itsarchitectureisdifferentfromthatofthepresentones

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。第3段首提到，智能机器人能帮助开发边远地区的条件

是intelligence...increasetomatchthatofhumans和costdeclines,A与此相对应，故

正确。

10>Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat.

A、aftertheinstallationofagreatnumberofcellsandconnections,robotswillbe

capableofself-reproduction

B、withtherapiddevelopmentoftechnology,peoplehaveconictorealizethepossibility

ofmakingamachinewithhuman-1ikeability

C、oncewemakeamachineascomplexasthehumanbrain,itwillpossessintelligence

D、robotswillhavecontrolofthevast,man-madeworldinspace

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。综观全文，作者讨论制作智能机器人的可能性及其影

响，B所述与此相符。文中指出智能机器人的自我繁殖就是设计自己，故A错

误；第1段指出在制作出与人脑一样复杂的机器人后，还必须花很长时间安装软件

或改变架构后才能使其羽有智能，故C错误；D中的控制人造世界属过度推断，

文中并未提及。

Oceanographyhasbeendefinedas"Theapplicationofallsciencestothestudyofthe

seaM.Beforethenineteenthcentury,scientistswithaninleiestintheseawerefewandfar

between.CertainlyNewtonconsideredsometheoreticalaspectsofitinhiswritings,but

hewasreluctanttogotoseatofurtherhiswork.Formostpeopletheseawasremote,and

withtheexceptionofearlyintercontinentaltravelersorotherswhoearnedalivingfrom

thesea,therewaslittlereasontoaskmanyquestionsaboutit,letalonetoaskwhatlay

beneaththesurface.Thefirsttimethatthequestion"Whatisatthebottomofthe

oceans?"hadtobeansweredwithanycommercialconsequencewaswhenthelayingofa

telegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericawasproposed.Theengineershadtoknowthe

depthprofile（起伏形状）oftheroutetoestimatethelengthofcablethathadtobe

manufactured.ItwastoMauryoftheUSNavythattheAtlanticTelegraphCompany

turned,in1853,forinformationonthismatter.Inthe1840s,Mauryhadbeenresponsible

forencouragingvoyagesduringwhichsoundings（测深）weretakentoinvestigatethe

depthsoftheNorthAtlanticandPacificOceans.Later,someofhisfindingsaroused

muchpopularinterestinhisbookThePhysicalGeographyoftheSea.Thecablewas

laid,butnotuntil1866wastheconnectionmadepermanentandreliable.Attheearly

attempts,thecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutforrepairsitwasfoundtobecovered

inlivinggrowths,afactwhichdefiedcontemporaryscientificopinionthattherewasno

lifeinthedeeperpartsofthesea.Withinafewyearsoceanographywasunderway.In

1872Thomsonledascientificexpedition（考察）,whichlastedforfouryearsandbrought

homethousandsofsamplesfromthesea.Theirclassificationandanalysisoccupied

scientistsforyearsandledtoafive-volumereport,thelastvolumebeingpublishedin

1895.

11>TheproposaltolayatelegraphcablefromEuropetoAmericamadeoceanographic

studiestakeon.

A^anacademicaspect

B>amilitaryaspect

C^abusinessaspect

D^aninternationalaspect

标准答案：c

知识点3析：事实判断题。文章第3段第2句提到，这个问题的解答是具有商业结

果的。C中的business为原文中commercial的同义改写，故选C。

12、IlwasthataskedMauryforhelpinoceanographicstudies.

A、theAmericanNavy

B、someearlyintercontinentaltravelers

C、thosewhoearnedalivingfromthesea

D^thecompanywhichproposedtolayanunderseacable

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。文章第4段首句为一个强调句，强调的是宾语。题干也是一

个强调句型，但强调的是主语。如果把原文的强调句型改为一般的句型，就知道向

Maury寻求帮助的是theAtlanticTelegraphCompany,故答案为D。A是Maury的

工作单位，可以排除；原文只提到，对于一些早期的穿越洲际的旅行家和依靠海洋

维持生汁的人，海洋并不遥远，故B、C与题意不符。

13、1'hcaimofthevoyagesMaurywasresponsibletorinthe1840was.

A、tomakesomesoundingexperimentsintheoceans