高中英语高考复习之名词性从句易错点 导学案（含答案）高三下学期英语一轮复习专项

名词性从句复习易错点集合（Gracie）主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句作及物动词宾语作介词宾语that一般不可省略可以省略一般不可省略一般不可省略一般不可省略whether/if放于句首时常用whether用whether/if均可，但有区别常用whether常用whether常用whether连接代词/副词连接代词：what,who,whom,which,whatever等，有实际意义，在从句中作主、宾、表或定。连接副词：how,when,where,why等，有实际意义，在从句中作状语。what或wh-ever等注意根据句意进行区分。解题模式：1.分析从句中是否缺成分，缺成分考虑连接代词；2.不缺成分但缺意思，根据整句内容考虑所缺意思，根据意思选择相应的连接副词或者whether/if。3.不缺成分也不缺意思，选择that。注意：what可作为限定词修饰名词。主语从句易错点1.从属连词whether/if易混Itdependson_______________hehaveagoodgraspofspokenEnglish.___________heisreliableremainstobeseen.=Itremainstobeseen____________heisreliable.=Itremainstobeseen____________heisreliableornot.【知识巩固】if只可以引导宾语从句和含有形式主语it的主语从句。在以下三种情况只能用whether：句首、句中有ornot以及介词后；discuss后只能用whether引导宾语从句。易错点2.连接代词引导的主语从句的主谓一致Whetherheenjoyshercompany___________(remain)unknowntome.Whenandwherethecampaignwillbeheld___________(issue)yet.WhatIsayandthink__________nobusinessofyours.Whatwecomplainedabout____________(be)somestudents’absencefrommakingcontributionstothewholeteam.Whatdetectivesshouldtendto____________papersthataresaidtobeharmfultothepolice.Whatcontributestoyourmatureattitude_______________(arouse)ourcuriositysinceyourparticipation.【知识巩固】由连接代词引导的从句作主语，谓语用单数。但是，在由what引导的主语从句中，如果what作宾语，那么谓语动词由主句的表语或宾语决定。如果两个及以上的连接代词引导同一个主语从句时，谓语动词依然用单数；如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。易错点3.主语从句的虚拟语气Itisnotnecessarythateveryone____________(be)ascientist.It’sdesiredthaturgentmeasures_____________(take)todealwiththedepressingeconomy.【知识巩固】It’sdesired/suggested/proposed/requested/recommendedthat...+(should)+动词原形Itisnecessary/desirable/imperative/advisable/essentialthat...+(should)+动词原形易错点4.what和which的混淆Iamwondering___________isthebiggestanimalonland,thepanda,thetigerortheelephant?I’mwondering___________isyourfavoriteanimal?IheardthatJohnhasbrokenhisfingersandIdon’tknow___________fingerhehashurt.Whenasked___________theyneededmost,thekidssaidtheywantedtofeelimportantandloved.【知识巩固】what和which都可以指物，但所指的范围不同，which表示在特定的范围内选择，往往在主句中有所说明，what则表示在一个界限不清的范围内选择。易错点5.含形式主语it的主语从句和强调句的混淆Itisamystery___________theconfidentlawyerwillexposeinthecourttomorrow.Itisamystery___________theconfidentlawyerwilldefeattheopponent.【知识巩固】判断强调句的依据是“去掉itis/was...that...”后，句子成分和意思完整。但是，在含有形式主语it的主语从句中，it指代后面的从句，不可省略。易错点6.含形式主语it的主语从句的引导词Itdoesn’tmatter__________Jackwillmakeitintheendifhehastriedhisbest.Itisnowonder___________mybrotherwillbeadmittedtohisidealuniversity.Itisnotaproblem___________wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.Itremainstobeseen__________themayorwillseektothepromotetheeconomicdevelopment.Itisstillunderdiscussion___________weshouldbuildanotherbuildingtoadmitmorestudents.Itisbeyonddiscussion___________weshouldbuildanotherbuildingtoadmitmorestudents.易错点7.wh-和连接代词what\which\who的区别which和whichever___________schoolhewillchoosehasyettobedecided.___________ofyougetsherefirstwillgettheprize.Asmanyasfivecoursesareprovided,andyouarefreetochoose___________suitsyoubest.Itisstillabigquestion_____________bookhewillchoose.Myquestionis____________approachisthebesttothisproblem.Thebestapproachis_____________costtheleastmoney.Ihavenoidea____________schoolhewillchoose.Thethought____________optionhetakeswilldisappointhisparentstroubleshim.Hisparentsallowhimtogoto___________schoolhelikes.what和whateverAsianelephantsareamongthemosthighlyprotectedanimalsinChinaand__________drovetheelephantstomaketheirlongtripisstillnotcompletelycertain.Thenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedfor_________hecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.JackandMikearetwins,buttheyarequitedifferent.__________Jackisgivenareonlybooks,while__________Mikelikeswillbegiventohim.Igavethegirlabigdoll,exactly___________shelongedtohave.Sheisverydeartome.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo___________ittakestosaveherlife.Theseasideheredrawsalotoftouristseverysummer.Warmsunshineandsoftsandsmake___________itis.Maryreallyenjoysherselfinthisexoticculture,for____________shedoesisalwaysgreetedwithpraise.____________worthdoingshouldbedonewell.who和whoeverEveryyear,_________sharesthemosttouchingeducationalexperiencewillbeawardedwithaprize.Shewillgive___________needssupportherhelp.Tobehonest,Iamnotthepersondeservingthehonor;itshouldbegivento___________wethinkhasmadethegreatestcontribution.___________willaddressusintomorrow’smeetingisunknowntousall.Themotherdidn’tknow__________toblameforthebrokenglassasithappenedwhileshewasout.TimestoodstillasthebearandIbothwaitedtosee________wouldmovefirst.whoever和whomeverGivethebookto___________likesit.Givethebookto___________youlike.Hemadeashortspeechexpressingthanksto___________hadsenthimlettersofsupport.【知识巩固】分析名词性从句，引导词的选择需看从句中缺少什么成分，whoever作主语和whomever作宾语。wh-ever引导词常可做以下替代：whatever=anythingthat；whoever=anyonewho，而what和who都带有疑问含义。易错点8.anyone和whoever混用_____________withagoodeducationcanapplyforthejob._____________hasagoodeducationcanapplyforthejob._____________havingagoodeducationcanapplyforthejob.KEYS:易错点1:whether;Whether;whether/if;whether易错点2:remains;hasn’tbeenissued;are;was;are;hasaroused易错点3:be;betaken易错点4:which;what;which;what易错点5:that;whether易错点6:whether;that;whether;whether;whether;that易错点7:Which;Whichever;whichever;which;which;whichever;which;whichever;whicheverwhat;whatever;What/whatever;what;whatever;what;whatever;Whateverwhoever;whoever;whoever;Who;who;whowhoever;whomever;whoever易错点8:Anyone;Whoever;Anyone宾语从句易错点1.宾语从句的时态问题IthoughtI______________(be)ontheflighttoNewYorkbutIendedupstickingaroundintheairport.Iamlookingforwardtowhateverimpactfulpolicies______________(adopt)bythelocalgovernment.Samuelsuggestedthattheeconomy___________(be)indeclineandeffectivepolicies___________(introduce)intotheeconomicpattern.Theresearchindicatedthatmorethanonethirdofthefood_____________(waste)byhumanbeingsaroundtheworldin2020.【知识巩固】宾语从句的谓语动词遵循“主现从随；主过从过”。如果从句中是真理，那么应该使用一般现在时。谓语动词是表示“建议、要求、命令”的词汇，如suggest,insist,demand,request等词，那么从句中应使用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”。易错点2.what的多重用法Don’tunderestimate____________differencethesoldierscanmaketothewholeworld.Iwilldonate____________littlemoneyIhavetothecharitytohelpthepeopleinneed.Ilookedoutthewindowofthebusanddreamedabout________wewoulddowhileonourtrip.Nationalparksistonaturalpreservation____________dailyexerciseistophysicalhealth.【知识巩固】在名词性从句中，what既可以指代something，充当主语、宾语和表语；也可以作限定词修饰后面的名词，表示“……的东西/物体/时间/作用等”。此外，还有一个特殊句型：AistoBwhatCistoD，表示“A之于B如同C之于D”。易错点3.固定句型Theviolinistowedit__________theconductor’seffortsthathisperformancewonpeople’scheers.Don’ttakeit___________grantedthatyourparentstakecareofyouwithtremendouspatience.Legendhasit____________theaboriginestraveledfromAsianContinenttowesternAmericathroughBeringStrait.Youcanput__________thatthemeetingwasscheduledwiththeaimofencouragingcooperation.Isincerelyhopeyouwillseeto_________thatthecomplaintwillbecarefullytendedto.易错点4.感叹句作宾语从句，引导词选择how还是whatWearethrilledtosee____________asplendidsightthewaterfallis.Touristssignedwithemotion___________manysufferingstheJapaneseinvadershavebroughttoChina.Jackdoesn’tcare___________aselflesscontributorheis,but______________helpfulhecanbe.【知识巩固】what+adj.+n.复/不可数名词+主+谓what+a/an+adj.+n.+主+谓how+adj.+a/an+n.单++主+谓how+adj./adv.+主+谓如果感叹句中，有表示数量的much,little,few,many，则用how。易错点5.what和who在宾语从句中的语序Pleasetellme____________withhim.whatisthematter B.whatthematteris C.howthematteris DhowisthematterIdon’tknow_____________________________(谁会负责这个项目).Idon’tknow_____________________________(你会负责什么项目).【知识巩固】what和who引导宾语从句时，如果它们的从句中充当主语，则语序不变。KEYS:易错点1:wouldbe;willbeadopted;was/beintroduced;waswasted易错点2:what;what;what;what易错点3:to;for;that;it;it易错点4:what;how;what/how易错点5:A;whowillbeinchargeofthisproject;whatprojectyouwillbeinchargewith表语从句易错点1.表语从句的时态问题（包括虚拟语气）Myproposalisthatanappeal_____________(launch)totheseniorcitizenstoavoidtakingbusesduringmorningrushhour.Hedraggedhimselfhome,throwinghimselftothesofaandlookingasifhe___________(be)nearlydead.易错点2.固定句型Thereason___________shewasdismissedbythebosswas__________sheexposedthesecretcommercialdata.Deforestationhasbeenseverelypunishedduringthepastdecades.That’s__________wearerunningoutofnaturalresources.Theregionis___________youhaveestablishedyourfirstfirm.易错点3.reason作主语的表语从句Thereasonforthecaraccidentis____________thedriverwasdrunk.【知识巩固】reason作主语时，其表语从句需用that引导，一般不用why或because引导。KEYS:易错点1:belaunched;hadbeen易错点2:why/that;because;where易错点3:that同位语从句易错点1.同位语从句和定语从句的区别Thenews___________ourbasketballteamwonthematchwasencouraging.Thatrosethequestion___________youshouldparkyourcar.Ihavenoidea__________shewillbeback.【知识巩固】同位语从句和定语从句前常常有名词；同位语从句是对名词的解释说明；定语从句是对名词的限定或者补充说明。同位语从句的引导词that在从句中不做成分；而定语从句的引导词that在从句中作主、宾、表成分。易错点2.同位语从句的虚拟语气Ican’tagreemorewiththesuggestionthatthegovernment________________(strive)topromotebalancededucation.Therecommendationthatstudents___________(receive)occupationaltrainingisnotwell-received.【知识巩固】同位语从句所修饰的名词，如果是demand,wish,suggestion,advice,recommendation,proposal,request,requirement,command等，后面的同位语从句谓语部分需要用虚拟语气“(should)+动词原形”。KEYS:易错点1:that;where;when易错点2:strive;receive夯实巩固1.Janemovedaimlesslydownthetree-linedstreet,notknowing___________shewasheading.2.Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanightisdownto$20,halfof______________itusedtocharge.3.Itrulybelieve____________beautycomesfromwithin.4._______________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.5._______________walksaroundinsuchaheavyrainwillcatchacold.6.Whentheywillstartandwheretheygo________________(have)notbeendecidedyet.7.It’snolongeraquestionnow______mancanlandonthemoon.8.TheChinesegovernmenthasmadeitclear_______itstrivestoachieveinspacescienceinthenext5years.9.10.Newsgotaroundquickly_______agunmanwentonashootingrampageatamovietheaterinAurora,Colorado.11.We’relivingin______peoplecall“InformationAge”,soeverythingispossible.12.Hestaredattheemptybottleforawhile,feelinghappythathehadsentthebutterflybacktoitbelonged—nature.13.Afterfivehours’drive,theyreached_________theythoughtwastheplacetheyhadbeendreamingof.14.ThenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedforhecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.15.Romneywasasked________hewouldensureequalpayforwomen.16.Afteratypicallydrysummer,Californiaisheadinginto________normallyisthemostdangeroustimeforwildfireswhenfallcomes.17.________stopslearningisoldandstayslearningisyoung,whetherattwentyoreighty.18.Dogsthathavehealedwithpropertreatmentaresentbackto________theycamefromiftheenvironmentthereissafe.19.Takingagapyearbeforeyoumoveintofurthereducationoffersyouachancetolearnnewcrafts,andgivesyoutimetoreflecton________universityisrightforyou.20.Myparentsmadetheproposal________IshouldaskthemdirectlyandsoIdid.21.SpanishsportnewspaperMarcanotedthatWuhasansweredthosewhodoubtedhismovetothecluband________“hisquickadaptationtoLaLiga(西甲)hassurprisedmanypeople.”22.________wewillgocampingthisweekenddependsontheweather.23.Thiswas________Samuelwouldspendyearsfightingagainst.24.Theircomplaintsthatthingsusedtobebetterinthepastor________somenewdevelopmentisnogoodcanbedismissedastheunavoidablethoughtsofpeoplewhosimplydon'tlikechangeandarethereforeunabletoseethebenefitsofprogress.25.Expertssaythewayyoudesignyourhomecouldplayarolein________youpackonthepoundsorkeepthemoff.26.Bellneversetouttoinventthetelephoneand________hewastryingtodesignwasamultipletelegraph.27.Andnowthatwe’vegottoknowthetinyjeanpocket,findout________blueisthemostcommoncolor.28.It’s___________Elmanfledduringthedarkestperiodofherlife.29.Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork;____________youcandohelps.30.Itdoesn’tmatter__________heiswillingtodevotehimselftothecourse.31.Withoutgeography,theworldaswellas________itfitstogetherisamystery.32.Overthousandsofyears，theybegantodependlessoncouldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.33.Thecity’sweatherbureauadvisedresidentstostayindoorsasmuchaspossible,whileexpertsareworkingtofindout________thesandstormcameintobeing.34.TimestoodstillasthebearandIbothwaitedtosee________wouldmovefirst.35.Saveyourapologyfor_______youreallymakeeverythingamess.36.Thatpreservedhistoricvillageconnectedtodowntownbyahighwayis________manyofficeworkersspendtheirweekends.37.Itisgenerallybelievedthatcommunicationskillsarebecoming________ittakestobeagooddoctor.38.Thenoticecamearoundtwointheafternoon__________themeetingwouldbepostponed.39.Obviously________wedomorningexerciseseverydaydoesusgood.40.Thereissomedoubt_________onedayhumanswillfindacuretodealwithCOVID-19,thehorribledisease,whichnowspreadsallovertheworld.41.Itisnotalwayseasyforthepublictosee___________useanewinventioncanbeoftohumanlife.42.Youcan’timagine__________damagetheterribledisasterhascausedtothepoverty-strickenarea.43.Thelimitsofaperson’sintelligence,generallyspeaking,arefixedatbirth,but________hereachestheselimitswilldependonhisenvironment.44.SorryI’msolate,butyoucannotimagine________greattroubleItooktofindyourhouse.45.Itisbynomeansclear________thepresidentcandotoendthestrike.46.Herpalefacesuggestedthatshe_________(be)illandherfathersuggestedshe_________(see)adoctor.47.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe__________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.48.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_________(focus)moreonitsculture.49.Asthestringwasbroken,allreviewerswereexpectingthathe______________(quit)theperformance.50.You