2025年高考英语复习知识清单（全国）专题01 动词不定式八大用法（讲案）原卷版

【口袋书】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单

专题01动词不定式八大用法（讲案）解析版

目录

一、动词不定式快问快答P1

二、动词不定式五年高考真题细目表P2

考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法P3

考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法P3

考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种用法P5

考点清单四、不定式作定语两种典型用法P6

考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法P7

考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法P8

考点清单七、不定式三种典型省略用法P8

考点清单八、动词不定式形式多样化P9

分层训练（一）动词不定式五年高考真题题组P9

分层训练（二）动词不定式易混对比十组P11

分层训练（三）动词不定式助力应用文写作P12

分层训练（四）动词不定式助力读后续写P12

分层训练（五）外刊原创最新语法填空P13

复旦大学为法籍教授魏明德办艺术展庆祝中法建交60周年P13

一、动词不定式快问快答

Q1：什么叫动词不定式？

A1：动词不定式是非谓语动词一种形式，基本形式为todo。

Q2：动词不定式能充当什么成分？

A2：动词不定式在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或宾语补足语。

Q3：学习动词不定式难点在哪里？

A3：一是熟记一些动词搭配，需要与不定式连用，二是需要区分不定式和动名词的区别，三是动词不定式

形式的复杂变化。

Q4：阅读过程中遇到动词不定式（短语）怎么办？

A4：利用括号法把整个动词不定式括起来视为一个整体来理解。

Q5：学好动词不定式有什么意义？

A5：一能化繁为简迅速提高文章阅读能力，二能在书面表达巧妙运用动词不定式提升句子表达效果。

Q6：如何才能学好动词不定式？

A6：一是努力掌握动词不定式基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，见多识广。

二、动词不定式五年高考真题考点细目表

动词不定式五年高考真题考点细目表

卷别作状语作宾语作宾补作定语作主语作表语

2024九省联考卷tostay

2024浙江1月卷tobenefit

2023新高考I卷whethertobite…

allowingthem

2023新高考I卷

tobelifted

usedto(be)afraid

2023全国甲卷toteach

改错

2022新高考I卷toincrease

2022新高考II卷toseehowtothank…

wasunwilling(to)

2022全国甲卷tojourney

talk改错

Topreparing-prepare

2022全国乙卷

strengthen改错

2022北京卷toharm

2022浙江1月卷tocontinue

tellsyounotto

2022浙江6月卷

do

2022上海7月卷toachieve

2022上海1月卷tosee

2021新高考II卷toeducate

2021全国甲卷towalk

2021全国乙卷aimtohave

2021浙江6月卷toplant

2020全国I卷tofind

2020全国II卷easytocare

wasforced(to)

2020全国III卷

eat改错

2020北京卷tobreak

2019全国II卷toretire

opens-open

2019全国III卷

改错

2018全国I卷tosee

2018全国II卷toimprove

allowedmeto

2018全国III卷

stay

考点清单一、不定式作主语典型用法

要点精讲

1.不定式作主语表示具体一次行为(对比：动名词作主语表示泛指抽象行为)。

2.不定式作主语三种情况：不定式直接作主语；It作形式主语；wh-todo短语作主语(谓语用单数)。

3.常考句型Itis+adj.+of/forsbtodosth结构；Ittakessb.timetodosth.等。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Ittookyearsofwork_____________(reduce)theindustrialpollutionandcleanthewater.

2.It’simportantforthefigures_____________(update)regularly.

3.Itisnecessaryforyoungstudents_____________(learn)tolearnaforeignlanguage.

4.Whenandwheretostarttheprograms____________(remain)unknown.

5.(2019全国III)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasrainingsohardthatwecouldn'thelpwonderinghowlongit

wouldtake__________(get)there.

6.(2028浙江)ManywesternerswhocometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncethey

realizehowcheapcanbetoeatout.

考点清单二、不定式作宾语两种典型用法

要点精讲1：只接todo作宾语的动词:妙记--mecarfipsd霉咖啡不是的

manage,expect,choose,afford/agree/attempt,refuse,fail,

intend,plan/pretend/promise,seem,decide/desire/determine

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Theyfailed_____________(grasp)theimportanceofhiswords.

2.Sheneverseemed__________(care)whattherestofusthoughtabouther.

3.Thehousesaresoexpensivethathecan'tafford__________(buy)one.

4.Althoughhepretended__________(be)calm,hispalefacegavehimaway.

5.(2019浙江)OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents'gradesimprovedalittleaftertheschoolintroduced

uniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn'twant__________(wear)theuniform.

【答案与解析】

1.tograsp。failtodo未能做某事。故答案是tograsp。

2.tocare。seemtodo好像做某事。故答案是tocare。

3.tobuy。can’taffordtodosth是固定搭配，表示“承担不起做某事”。故答案是tobuy。

4.tobe。pretendtodo表示“假装做某事”。故答案是tobe。

5.towear。wanttodosth表示“想做某事”。故答案是towear。

要点精讲2：接todo/doing意义不同的动词：妙记--frogshmt青蛙聪明

forget,remember/regret,goon,stop,can’thelp,mean,try。该考点非常重要，必须重视。

forgettodo忘记要去做某事（未做）

forgetdoing忘记已经做过某事（已做）

remembertodo记得将要做某事（未做）

rememberdoing记得已经做过某事（已做）

regrettodo遗憾去做某事（未做）

regretdoing后悔做过某事（已做）

goontodo继续做另一件事（对象变了）

goondoing继续做正在做的事（对象不变）

stoptodo停下来去做另一件事（对象变了）

stopdoing停止做某事（对象不变）

can’thelptodo不能帮助做某事

can’thelpdoing情不自禁做某事

meantodo打算做某事（未做）

meandoing意味着做某事（解释作用）

trytodo努力做某事（不一定成功）

trydoing尝试做某事（强调尝试和行动）

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.(2002上海)InsomepartsofLondon,missingabusmeans___________(wait)foranotherhour.

2.(2006湖南)Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways________(get)herpermissionforthings,

thinkagain.

3.(2018天津)Ididn’tmean__________(eat)anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn’thelp

__________(try)it.

4.(2018浙江)Istillremember__________(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandIwasshocked

whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.

5.(2012安徽)Iremembered_________(lock)thedoorbeforeIlefttheoffice,butforgottoturnoffthelights.

6.(2009陕西)Istillremember____________(take)totheFamenTempleandwhatIsawthere.

7.(2015四川)--Look!Thewindowisopen.--I’msorry.Iforgot____________(close)it.

8.(2008湖南)Susanwantedtobeindependentofherparents.Shetried_________(live)alone,butshedidn’tlike

itandmovedbackhome.

9.(1992全国)---Iusuallygotherebytrain.---Whynot____________(try,go)byboatforachange?

10.(2015陕西)AfterreceivingtheOscarforBestSupportingActress，AnneBenedictwenton__________allthe

peoplewhohadhelpedinhercareer.

11.Afterfinishinghishomework,hewenton_____________(read)toreadthetext.

12.(1995全国)---Youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting.

---Well,nowIregret__________(do)that.

13.(1996上海)Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp_____________(persuade)intobuyingsomething

theydon’treallyneed.

14.(1990全国)Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped__________(rest)onabigrockbythesideofthe

path.

考点清单三、不定式作宾语补足语四种典型用法

要点精讲1：观感使役类动词--see类(不定式作宾语补足语省略不定式符号to，但在被动语态中to应加上)

巧记--注意让迈克听听看看这块表有啥感觉

notice,let,make,hear,listento,see,observe,watch,have,feel

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Withtheworldchangingfast,wehavesomethingnew(deal)withbyourselveseveryday.

2.Hewasobserved________________(enter)theofficesilently.

3.WhenIcameinIsawhim______________(listen)tomusic.

4.Hecamelate,sohewasmade____________(stand)outsidetheclassroomfortenminutes.

5.Theresultofthecompetitionwasn’tmade__________(know)tothepublicuntiltendayslater.

要点精讲2：warn类动词(只接todo后作宾补)warn,tell,ask,persuade,expect等。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

6.Energydrinksarenotallowed____________(make)inAustraliabutarebroughtinfromNewZealand.

7.Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme________(stay)andwatch.

8.Theyarerequired______________(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralother

bodilyfunctions.

9.(2020浙江1月卷)Themedian(中位数的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30—todayitis41andis

expected____________(increase)to42by2050.

5.Passengersarepermitted___________(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.

要点精讲3：用于“with+名词+不定式”，表示一个主动的、将要发生的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/

代词+不定式”构成独立主格结构。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

11.Isendyou100dollarstoday,therest__________(follow)inayear.

12.Withalotofhomework___________(do),Idecidednottowatchtheperformancewithyou.

13.Withalotofdifficultproblems___________(solve),thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.

要点精讲4：besaid类动词：besaid/believed/reported/knowntodo类句型，可以转化为Itissaidthat…。

不定式根据语境还可能用进行式、被动式或完成式。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

14.Robertissaid_____________(study)abroad,butIdon'tknowwhatcountryhestudiedin.

15.Policearesearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto_____________(miss)sincethefloodhitthearea.

16.Alexisbelieved_______________(learn)byheart2000Chinesecharactersuptonow.

考点清单四、不定式作定语典型用法

要点精讲1：

1.不定式作定语修饰名词，多表示一个主动的将要发生的动作。

2.不定式与名词之间是主谓关系或动宾关系。

3.若不定式是不及物动词，后边应加上适当的介词。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Isthattheway__________(open)thecan?

2.Theteacherleftusalotofproblems__________(solve).

3.OnSundays,healwayshasalotofletters__________(write).

4.Hecanfindnoonetomakefriends__________.

5.I'vegotalotofthingstosee__________thismorning.

要点精讲2：

1.序数词first，second后常接动词不定式作定语。

2.形容词最高级后常接动词不定式作定语。。

3.decision,wish,chance,promise,plan,time,attempt,effort,right,ability,patience等抽象名词后常用不定式

作定语，说明名词的内容。

6.Sheisalwaysthefirstperson________(come)andthelastperson________(leave).

7.Shewastheonlyone________(survive)thecrash.Shewassolucky.

8.Ithinkthebesttime________(go)sightseeingisspring.

9.Shemadethedecision________(quit)herjobandpursueherdreamofbecomingawriter.

10.Hisattempt________(solve)thepuzzlewasunsuccessful,butheenjoyedthechallenge.

11.Everyonehastheright________(pursue)theirownhappiness.

要点精讲3：

1.现在分词作定语，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。

2.过去分词短语作定语，表示一个被动的、已经发生的动作。

12.Themeeting___________(hold)now/_______(hold)yesterday/_________(hold)tomorrowisveryimportant.

13.Theairport_____________(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.

14.Mr.Greenstoodupindefenceoftheboy,sayingthathewasnottheone(blame).

15.(2020浙江)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology________(change)

lives.

考点清单五、不定式作状语三种典型用法

要点精讲1：不定式作目的状语，多用于todo,soastodo,inordertodo结构。注意逻辑主语一致性，位

于句末前边不能有逗号。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Thelocalgovernmenthasdoneeverythingitcan__________(save)theburiedminers.

2._____________(accept)asanOlympicevent,asportmustbeplayedinatleast75countriesonatleast4

continents.

3.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere(train)foraspaceflight.

4.(2020天津)Thelocalgovernmentdoesn'thavetosacrificeenvironmentalprotection_____________(promote)

economicgrowth.

要点精讲2：不定式作结果状语，多用于too…to,enoughtodo,only/nevertodo,so…asto,suchasto等结

构。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

5.Hehurriedtothestation,only____________(inform/find/tell)thatthetrainhadleft.

6.Wouldyoubesokindas_____________(carry)theluggageforme?

7.NowI’mbraveenough____________(stand)upandanswerthequestion.

8.Afterthemeeting,theyparted,never____________(see)eachotheragain.

要点精讲3：不定式用于be+adj+todo构成的反射不定式，不定式主动形式表示被动意义。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

9.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________(breathe).

10.(2019全国I)Modemmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethe

mid-1980s,andareexpensive__________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.

考点清单六、不定式作表语典型用法

要点精讲：不定式作表语起解释说明作用。主语有实义动词do,作表语的不定式可省to。

Ifyouarewrong,theleastthingyoucandois(to)apologize.如果你做错了，你可以做的至少是道歉。

Theonlythingthathecandonowis(to)abandontheplan.现在他唯一能做的事情是放弃这个计划。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.(2002全国)Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains________(see)whether

theywillenjoyit.

2.(2009全国)Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier,____________(not,make)itmoredifficult.

考点清单七、不定式的三种典型省略用法

要点精讲1：感官动词和使役动词接不定式作宾补时省略to（注意被动语态中to应加上）；

【即时训练】单句改错或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Thelibrarianwillletyoutoknowwhenthebookhasbeenreturned.改错

2.Theyounggirlwasobserved________________(enter)theofficesilently.

要点精讲2：下列句型常省略to：

mayaswelldosth最好还是做……

hadbetterdo最好做某事

donothingbutdosth别无选择只好做某事

can’thelpbutdosth.禁不住做某事

Whynotdosth?何不做某事？

prefertodo…ratherthandosth,宁愿做……而不愿做……

wouldratherdo…thando…宁愿做……而不愿做……

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空或单句改错。

3.Ratherthan______(ride)onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers_______(ride)abicycle.

4.IlostmykeysintheofficesoIcoulddonothingbuttowaitformymother.改错

要点精讲3：在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，有时不定式可以省略，但通常保留不定式符号to。注意，

不定式后面是动词be时，be应保留。

【即时训练】单句改错。

5.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhimnottodo.

6.Asweallknow,Chinaisnolongerthecountryitusedto.

考点清单八、动词不定式的复杂形式

不定式的否定式、完成式和被动式（以动词find为例）

内容主动语态被动语态否定式

一般式tofindtobefoundnottofind

进行式tobefinding------

完成式tohavefoundtohavebeenfoundnottohavefound

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Theboypretended_____________(read)thebookwhentheteachercamein.

2.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle___________(hear).

3.Hegotupearlythismorningsoas_____________(catch)theearlytrain.

4.Theenginejustwon'tstart.Somethingseems__________(go)wrongwithit.

5.Ihappened______________(wait)forthebuswhentheaccidenthappened.

6.Hisworksarereportedto____________________(translate)into20languagesinthepastdecade.

7.Themanagerisbelieved______________(arrive)backfromPariswherehemetsomeEuropeanbusiness

partners.

8.Theresolutionencouragedthisarrangement____________(take)intoaccountwhenfuturecalendarsof

conferencesandmeetingsaredrafted.

9.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen______________(hear),butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.thisSeptember.

10.Whenaskedwhyhewentthere,hesaidhewassentthere____________(train)foraspaceflight.

分层训练（一）五年动词不定式高考真题题组

考点一：考查动词不定式短语作目的状语

1.（2024九省联考卷）Heknowsthatcomputersarehere(stay)andthattheywillnotdisappear.

2.（2024浙江1月卷）Theshelvesinmostsupermarketsarefulloffamily-sizethisandmulti-buythat.However,

ifyou’reshoppingforone,buyingextra(benefit)frompricereductionsdoesn’tmakesense.

3（.2023全国甲卷）Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)__________(teach)alessonortopass

onwisdom.

4.（2022新高考I卷）Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviously

unprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority__________

(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

5.（2022新高考II卷）Ericwokeupalittlelaterwhenheheardchildrenplayingoutside.Hepushedachaironto

thebalcony,andclimbedup__________(see)them.

6.（2022全国乙卷）__________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberof

publicpromotionalactivitiesonsocialmedia,invitingtwenty-nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldto

havethirty-sixhoursofuninterruptedlivebroadcasts.

7.（2021新高考II卷）Idecidedtodosomething__________(educate)peopleaboutthisproblem.

8.（2021浙江卷）Mary’ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover__________(plant)flowersinthefront

yard.

9.（2020全国I卷）ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang’e-466__________(find)

andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.

10.（2020全国III卷）Thenextmorninghehiredaboatandsetout__________(find)thewell-knownpainter.

11.(2020·浙江卷)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology__________

(change)lives.

考点二：考查动词不定式短语作定语

12.（2022全国甲卷）Avisually-challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi’an,asafirst

step__________(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路线)byfoot.

13.（2022北京卷）AsHelenwalkedon,sheheardamanchargingtowardsher.Fearfulthathemighthavean

intention__________(harm)her,Helenstartedtorun.

14.（2021北京卷）Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed

(invest)indisasterprevention.

15.(2019·全国II卷)Pickingupher“LifetimeAchievement”award,proudIrenedeclaredshehadnoplans

__________(retire)fromher36-year-oldbusiness.

考点三：考查动词不定式短语作主语

16.（2021全国甲卷）Itispossible__________(walk)orbiketheentire14kilometers.

17.（2020北京卷）Ittakesthemhundredsofyears__________(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupinthe

oceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.

考点四：考查动词不定式短语作宾语

18.（2023新高考I卷）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasing

thestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),ortoputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeon

yourtongue.

19（.2023新高考I卷）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem___________(lift)

outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyoftheircontents.

20.（2022新高考II卷）Hesavedmyson’slife,"saidMrs.Brown."Idon'tknow__________tothankhim.”

21.（2022浙江1月卷）ThatapproachbroughtCobb'sairtravellastyeardownby75%,andsheplans

__________(continue)thepractice.

22.（2021全国乙卷）KomodoNationalPark,officiallyrecognizedin1980,ispopularforecotourismbecauseof

itsuniquebiodiversity.Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)andaccommodationsaim

__________(have)alowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.

考点五：考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语

23.（2022浙江卷）Throughtouch,theonethinggallerysignstellyounot__________(do).

24.（2020浙江1月卷）Somethingsignificantishappeningtotheworldpopulation-itisaging.Themedian(中位

数的)ageofanAmericanin1950was30;todayitis41andisexpected__________(increase)to42by2050.

考点六：考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义

25.（2020全国II卷）Bambooplantsareassociatedwithhealth,abundanceandahappyhome.Theyare

easy__________(care)forandmakegreatpresents.

分层训练（二）动词不定式易混对比十组

Group1

1.“Keepsilent!”themonitortoldtheboystostop_________(talk).

2.Thegirlwalkedsotiredlythatshestopped_________(have)arest.

Group2

3.MrLiissaid_________(study)abroad.ButIdon'tknowwhichcountryhestudiedin.

4.MrLiissaid_________(study)abroad.ButIdon'tknowwhichcountryheisstudyingin.

Group3

5.Thelittlegirlhadnochoicebut_______(stay)athome.

6.Thelittlegirlcoulddonothingbut______(stay)athome.

Group4

7.Afterarest,wewenton_______thesameproblem.

8.Afterarest,wewenton_______(do)thenextproblem.

Group5

9.Thelittleboywouldlike_____(take)hertothecinema.

10.Thelittleboywouldlike______(take)tothecinema.

Group6

11.Thisisanimportantletter.Don'tforget_________(post)itthisafternoon.

12.Don'tlookfortheletter.Youmusthaveforgotten_________(post)itthisafterafternoon.

Group7

13.Whynottry_________(do)themathsprobleminanotherway?

14.WhenIwasatschool,Itried_________(learn)Englishwell.

Group8

15.Herushedtotherailwaystation,only___________(tell)thatthetrainhadleft.

16.Herushedtotherailwaystation,only___________(find)thatthetrainhadleft.

Group9

17.Iregret_________(notstudy)hardatschool.

18.Weregret_________(say)thatwecan’tgotoyourbirthdayparty.

Group10

19.Iprefer_________(walk)to_________(ride)inabus.

20.Iprefer_________(walk)ratherthan____(ride)inabus.

分层训练（三）动词不定式助力应用文写作

书面表达句式升级：请运用动词不定式翻译下列各句。

1.(2024浙江1月)下次上课时如果你觉得有点累，记得站起来伸展身体！

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2.(2023全国乙)学会编制帮助我提高创造性和解决问题的技巧。

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3.(2023新高考I)因此我想知道有没有可能允许我们随意选择搭档。

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4.(2022全国乙)因为缺乏自律，他们更容易对网上聊天或打游戏上瘾。

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5.(2022全国乙)目前，随着智能手机和电脑日益普及，越来越多学生正选择在教室之外以各种方式学英语。

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6.(2022全国甲)设置“世界海洋日”目的是提高海洋保护意识，这在全球生态系统中起关键作用。

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7.(2022全国甲)国家间应该携起手来制定切实可行保护海洋的方案。

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8.(2022新高考I)这是我第一次邀请你参加我们TalkandTalk节目。

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9.(2021全国乙)另一方面，网络学习本身也有一些不足，使我们很难不受影响。

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10.(2021全国甲)因为这个活动将在网站呈现，我真诚希望你能提一些建议。

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分层训练（四）动词不定式助力读后续写

1.(2024浙江1月)不知不觉，她找到了去图书馆或自助餐厅的路，没有迷路。

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