2025年高考英语复习知识清单（全国）专题09 虚拟语气三大类用法归纳（讲案）原卷版

【上好课】2025年高考一轮复习知识清单

专题09虚拟语气三大类用法归纳（讲案）原卷版

（快问快答+思维导图+精讲精练+真题分类+作文升格+原创语填）

目录

一、虚拟语气快问快答P1

二、虚拟语气思维导图P2

考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法（表解）P2

考点清单二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合P5

考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法P6

分层训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）P7

分层训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）P8

分层训练（三）单句改错（模拟试题）P8

分层训练（四）单项选择40题（模拟试题）P9

分层训练（五）虚拟语气助力书面表达升格P13

分层训练（六）语法填空（外刊原创）P14

2024“北京作家日”五周年活动亮相第三十届北京国际图书博览会P14

一、虚拟语气快问快答

Q1：什么叫虚拟语气？

A1：英语句子可以分为陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气多表示一种假设或愿望，常用于一些固

定句式中。

Q2：虚拟语气分哪三大类型？

A2：根据功能，虚拟语气可以分为if虚拟条件句、一二三四型虚拟句和特殊句型类虚拟句等。

Q3：学习虚拟语气难点在哪里？

A3：一是判读是否用虚拟语气，二是判断用哪种类型的类型，三是在写作中如何巧妙运用虚拟语气提升句

子表达力。

Q4：如何才能学好虚拟语气？

A4：一是努力掌握虚拟语气基本知识框架，二是加强训练和背诵，积少成多，见多识广。

二、虚拟语气思维导图

考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法

场合从句谓语主句谓语

IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(事实上我现在没

与现在事动词过去式有时间，不能去散步．）

would+动词原形

实相反(be用were)IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner（.事实上没有

人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会．）

Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveasked

与过去事

had+动词过去分词wouldhavedoneyouaboutit.

实相反

要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事。

1.动词过去式(be用Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,we

与将来事were)wouldnotgoclimbing.如果明天下雨我们就不去爬

would+动词原形

实相反2.wereto+动词原形山了。

3.should+动词原形

错综条件主句和从句与不同时间相反，则根据主IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlast

句从句位置和事实区别对待对号入座。night.

如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上那场音乐会。

If虚拟句if条件句若省略if，则把were/should/Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferin

省略had提前到句首构成部分倒装句。future.如果你现在犹豫不决,将来你会吃苦头的。

含蓄条件即句子含有without,butfor,otherwise等Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.

句词，后面按主句对待。如果不是你的建议,我会失败的。

【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.Sorry,I’mtoobusynow.IfI_________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.

2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we_________(be)allright.

3.IfIhadamilliondollars,I_________(put)itinthebank.

4.IfI__________(take)hadtakenyouradviceyesterday,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.

5.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship(sink).

6.IftheWatergateIncident_______________(occur)Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.

7.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’t__________(fail)havefailedintheexam.

8.Ifit________/____________/______________(rain)tomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.

9.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.

10.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe___________(live)there,shewouldn’tbe

abletoseeherparentsveryoften.

11.Ifit_________(be)forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.

12.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetter

now.

13.Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,I___________(worry)soworriednow.

14.Whatwouldhavehappened_______Bobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?

15._________hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

16._________shemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.

17._________Iworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.

18.We______________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.

19.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway_____________(write)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.

20._________yourhelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.

考点清单二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合

用法标志词示例

一二三四类动词（接从一坚持insist二命令order,Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputofftill

句谓语用should+动词command三建议advise,nextweek.有人建议会议推迟到下周。

原形，且should可以省suggest,recommend四要Thedoctorrequiredthatthepatient(should)besentto

略）求demand,desire,require,hospitalwithoutdelay.医生要求病人毫不延误地送

request到医院。

一二三四类动词派生来order,command,advice,Weagreedtotheorderthatthetask(should)be

的名词后接从句，该从suggestion,requirementcompletedat5o'clock.

句谓语动词用should+我们同意在5点钟完成任务的命令。

动词原形，且should可Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)besettledassoon

以省略。aspossible.我们唯一的要求是尽快解决这个问题。

Itisstrangethat..从句谓necessary,strange,Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardhis

语用should+动词原形，impossibleparentslikethat.奇怪的是，他竟然对父母那样做。

且should可以省略。若It'svitalthatwe(should)takeoursafetydrivingalong

从句涉及已经发生的动theroadseriously.

作，则应用shouldhave至关重要的是，我们应该认真对待我们在路上的安

done。全驾驶。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.Eyedoctorsrecommendachild’sfirsteyeexam_______(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.

2.Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe_______(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe________(have)a

medicalexamination.

3.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________(do)nothingwrongandthathe___________(set)free.

4.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_________(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.

5.Youradvicethat____________(stay)theretillnextweekisreasonable.

6.Itisadvisablethatyou___________(take)yourworkseriously,oritwon'tbelongbeforeyou'relaidoff.

7.Itisappropriatethatsometime_____________(devote)tothoroughstudyoftheresultsoftheApollomission.

8.Heinsistedthathe______(be)reallytiredandthathe_________(allow)tohavearest.

考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法

要点精讲1：Iwishthat…从句与过去、现在、将来事实相反，分别用haddone,did,would/coulddo。

Iwishthat…从句结构示例

与现在事实相反一般过去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.

与过去事实相反过去完成式Hewishedhehadnotlostthechance.

与将来事实相反would+动词原形Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.

IwishthatIweretenyearsyounger.

IwishthatIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.

—Iwishthey_________(notbe)alwayslate.

2.HowIwisheveryfamily____________(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!

要点精讲2：ifonly表示“如果……该多好”，asif/though表示“好像”，从句虚拟用法同上。

Helooksasifhewereanartist.

Shelooksasifnothinghadhappenedtoher.

IfonlyIhadseenthefilmwithJanelastnight.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

3.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit___________(break).

4.Don’thandlethevaseasifit__________(make)ofsteel.

5.LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI______________(follow)youradvice.

要点精讲3：Iwouldratherthat…从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在、将来相反用一般过去时。

I'dratherthathehadgonetotheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.

Whenmyfatherisupset,hewouldratherthatwelefthimalone.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

6.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe__________(focus)moreonits

culture.

7.—Didyougotothepartylastnight?

—Yes,butI’dratherI________(go)there.Itwassoboring.

要点精讲4：Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意为“早该……”。

Itishightimethatyouwenttoschool.

Itisabouttimethatweshouldsetoutatonce.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

8.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe___________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.

9.It'shightimethatwe________(commit)stothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.

10.IwishI___________(take)youradvicelasttime,andthenIwouldn'thavebeenblamedbyothers.

分层训练（一）高考真题

在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.(2020江苏)IfIhadn’tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,I__________(notbe)whereIam.

2.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey____________(accomplish)thetaskinhalf

thetime.

3.(2019江苏)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.

4.(2018天津)Ifwe___________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.

5.(2018江苏)It’sstrangethathe_______havetakenthebookswithouttheowner’spermission.

6.(2018江苏)Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI_______(have)asecondchancetobecome

moreinvolved.

7.(2018北京)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________(drive)afewmorekilometers.

8.(2017北京)Ifthenewsafetysystem______________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.

9.(2017天津)—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I______(be)abletoreachher

yesterday.

10.(2017江苏)_______itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

分层训练（二）模拟试题

在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

1.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe____________(be)busy.

2.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe____________(see)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.

3.Thetimeisnotripe.I'dratheryou____________(not,say)anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.

4.____________wemadeagreateffortlastterm,wemighthavesucceeded.

5.Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,Iwould_________________(injure).

6._________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuRiver.

7.IfI________(know)aboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved.

8.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou____________(be)ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.

9.Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl____________(lose)herlife.

10.Itishightimethatwe____________(place)greatemphasisontheimprovementoffoodsafety.

分层训练（三）单句改错

下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。

1.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.

2.ThemanagerproposedthatTomwasgivenanopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'drefusedtogothere.

3.IfonlyIlistenedtomyparents,Imighthavepassedthedrivingtest!

4.Theconferencewouldn’thavebesosuccessfulifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparation.

5.IfonlytherewassomemagicbuttonIcouldpushtotakeawaythesadnessinhereyes.

6.—Larry,suchmistakescouldhaveavoidedifyouhadbeenmorecareful.

—Sorry,sir.I'lldobetternexttime.

7.Ican'tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughheknowseverything.

8.Imadethesuggestionthatshestucktotheplanshehadmade.

9.Itwasorderedthatnosmokingwasnotallowedinthelibrary,whichmadethesmokersunhappy.

10.HowIwishIboughtthatskirtwhenitwasavailable!Ugh!Iregretiteverytime.

分层训练（四）单项选择

1.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____youupattheairport.

A.wouldpickB.shouldhavepickedC.wouldhavepickedD.willhavepicked

2.Someanimalsareindangerofdyingout,soitishightimethatthegovernment______somemeasuresto

protectendangeredanimals.

A.takeB.tookC.hastakenD.willtake

3.Weshowedupearlyandhadtowaittwohoursbeforetheceremonybegan.We______.

A.shouldn’thurryB.needn’thavehurriedC.mustn’thavehurriedD.wouldn’thurry

4.Wedidn'tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime,otherwisewe______youahand.

A.gaveB.hadgivenC.wouldgiveD.wouldhavegiven

5.HowIwishI________someonetoturntoforadvicewhenIwaspuzzled.

A.wouldhaveB.hadC.havehadD.hadhad

6.Ifthechopsticksarepartlyplacedinthewater,itlooksasifthey_______.

A.breakB.havebrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken

7.Mysister’spalefacesuggestedthatshe_____seriouslyill,andmyparentssuggestedthatshe______toseethe

doctorimmediately.

A.was;goB.were;goC.be;wentD.was;went

8.Idon'tthinkitisadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.

A.willbeassignedB.beassignedC.shouldassignD.canbeassigned

9.MyprofessorrecommendedthatI______classicaltechniquefirsttoestablishsolidtechnicalskills.

A.shouldhavelearnedB.wouldlearnC.learnedD.learn

10.Ifyou______afewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.

A.hadcomeB.havecomeC.weretocomeD.shouldcome

11._______hisphonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavecalledherup.

A.ShouldheknowB.WereItoknowC.HadIknownD.HaveIknown

12.Hewouldhavewrittenthemanageralettertoexpresshisthanksthismorning,buthe______.

A.wasbusyB.isbusyC.hadbeenbusyD.willbebusy

13.Susanisgoingtodeliveraspeechaboutthecultureofhiscountry,butI’drathershe_______moreonits

education.

A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused

14.Butforyourgeneroushelp,we________thetaskaheadoftime.

A.wouldnotfulfillB.wouldnothavefulfilled

C.wouldfulfillD.wouldhavefulfilled

15.Thespokesmandidnotregretwhathehadsaidattheconferencebutfeltthathe_____itindirectly.

A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed

16.Thisdigitalcameraisoffinequality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatour

expense.

A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might

17._____itrainthisafternoon,thefootballmatchwouldbeputofftillnextFriday.

A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will

18.Theprofessorinsistedthathissolution______morepracticalandthatwe______itintopracticeassoonas

possible.

A.was;putB.was;mustputC.shouldbe;putD.shouldbe;put

19.Iftheambulancehadcomeheresoonerlastnight,thepatient______now.

A.willbealiveB.willhavebeenaliveC.wouldhavebeenaliveD.wouldbealive

20.---Lilylookshotanddrytoday.

---So_____youifyouhadsohighafever.

A.doB.areC.willD.would

21.--I’vetoldJennythetruthaboutthenewhouse.

---ButI’dratheryou______.

A.didn’tB.hadn’tC.don’tD.wouldn’t

22.Itwasdemandedthattheworkingconditionsinthatarea_______assoonaspossible.

A.mustimproveB.improveC.wasimprovedD.beimproved

23.LookatthesituationI’min.IfonlyI______youradviceearlier!

A.tookB.wouldtakeC.hadtakenD.shouldtake

24.Shemighthavebeenintimefortheinterview,butshe______uplate.

A.gotB.hasgotC.wastogetD.hadgot

25.--Themuseumisonlyfiveminutes’walk!Weshouldhavewalkedthere.

--Yes,ataxi_______necessaryatall.

A.wasn’tB.isn’tC.hadn’tbeenD.won’tbe

26.______thetrafficjamonthehighway,weshouldhavearrivedatthestadiumearlier.

A.InspiteofB.BecauseofC.ButforD.Dueto

27.IfonlyI______anumbrellalastnight!Iwaswetthrough.

A.tookB.shouldtakeC.hadtakenD.take

28.Sorry,Iamtoobusyatthemoment.IfI____free,Iwouldcertainlygoforawalkwithyou.

A.havebeenB.hadbeenC.amD.were

29.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms______backasearlyaspossible.

A.aresentB.besentC.willbesentD.shouldsend

30.HowIwishI____torepairthecellphone!Ionlymadeitworse.

A.hadtriedB.hadn'ttriedC.havetriedD.didn'ttry

31.Ifhe___totheteacherattentivelyyesterday,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.

A.hadlistened;wouldhaveknownB.listened;wouldknow

C.listened;wouldhaveknownD.hadlistened;wouldknow

32.Mysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflife______tofinancetheProjectwiththeirdeeperlove

forthesechildren.

A.beencouragedB.areencouragedC.wereencouragedD.shouldencourage

33.Ican’tstandtheyoungmansittinginthefront.Healwaystalksasthoughhe______everything.

A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.hadknown

34.Thomascantakehismotorapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe___mehow.

A.teachesB.willteachC.hastaughtD.wouldteach

35.Thenewtrafficlawrequiresthateveryone___hisorhercarcheckedatleastonceayear.

A.hasB.hadCwillhaveD.have

36.Lindacouldn’thaveansweredthequestionsoeasilyifshe_______afewbooksonworldhistorybeforehand.

A.hadn’treadB.hasn’treadC.wouldn’thavereadD.didn’tread

37.Tobefrank,ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou_____areliableperson,Iwouldnottakesuchpainstohelpyou.

A.wereB.areC.hadbeenD.havebeen

38.___whatwasgoingtohappennext,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.

A.HadIknownB.IfIknowC.IfIknewD.IfhadIknown

39.Itisunbelievablethatsuchanexcellentfootballteam_____havefailedinthefinals.

A.wouldB.mustC.shouldD.could

40.Mydemandwasthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreport_____toMr.Brownwithoutdelay.

A.shouldemailB.emailedC.mustbeemailedD.bee-mailed

41.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?

---No,butIwishI______.

A.willB.haveC.didD.had

42.Theordercamethatallthesmallcoalmines_______downinhalfayear.

A.wouldbeclosedB.shouldbeclosedC.mustbeclosedD.wouldclose

43.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily

A.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor

44.—Youshouldhavefedthebirdsyesterday.—Sorry,I_____allaboutit.

A.wasforgottenB.haveforgottenC.forgotD.forget

45.Ifyou___thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn’tbesosleepynow.

A.haven’twatchedB.hadn’twatchedC.didn’twatchD.wouldn'thavewatched

分层训练（五）虚拟语气助力书面表达

1.(2023新课标I卷)没有你的认可和指导，我不可能写这篇文章。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2.如果他们当时知道接下来会发生什么事情，他们有可能就会重新考虑了。

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3.如果昨天晚上下了雨的话，今天就会非常凉爽了。

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4.我们在那个小村庄迷了路，否则我们昨天就能参观更多的名胜古迹了。

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5.要不是因为船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。

__________________________________________________________________________________________

6.要是没有英语老师的帮助，我就不会在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖了。

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7.她竟然嫁给这样一个穷光蛋，真是太奇怪了。

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8.他的沉默暗示他赞同我的决定。

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9.我要是去车站送过她就好了，但我当时太忙了。

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10.到了他该上床睡觉的时候了。

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11.我愿你下个星期天去。

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12.那两个新来的人聊天的样子仿佛他们已经相识多年了。

______