2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练课件：话题20　重大政治、历史事件与文化渊源

话题20重大政治、历史事件与文化渊源主题群三历史、社会与文化Ⅰ.阅读理解(2024·河北省衡水中学五调考试)CallforEntries：YoungWomenWriters’CompetitionGuardian

WeekendmagazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16－21onthethemeof“Conversations”.HowtoEnterAllyouhavetodoissubmita700－wordpersonalessaythatshowsoffyourtalents—onthethemeof“Conversations”.Didyouhaveanunforgettableconversationwithyourgrandmotheraboutheryouththatchangedhowyouviewedher?Doyoufindhavingcertainconversationsreallyhard，andifso，why?Isthereaconversationyouregret，oroneyouregretyouneverhad?We’rekeentohearaboutyourpersonalexperiences.ThePrizesTherewillbeonewinnerandtworunners－up.Thethreewinnerswilleachreceive￡250.ThewinnerswillbenotifiedbyemailortelephoneonorbeforeJune30，2023andgivendetailsofhowtoclaimtheirprizes.Aspartoftheeditingprocess，thethreewinnerswillparticipateinavideocallwithaGuardian

Weekendeditortodiscussandedittheiressayforpublication.Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceiveaone－to－oneworkshopwithaneditor.RulesFollowalltherulescarefullytopreventdisqualification.■Onlyoneentryispermittedperperson.Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed.■Thecompetitionopensat9：00amonMay22，2023andclosesat11：59pmonJune9，2023.Entriesreceivedoutsidethistimeperiodwillnotbeconsidered.■Yourentrymustnotbecopied，andmustnotcontainanythird－partymaterialsorcontentthatyoudonothavepermissiontouse.■Youmustincludeyourname，ageandcontactdetails，includingyouremailaddressandphonenumber.【语篇解读】

本文是应用文。文章介绍了《卫报周末》杂志为16到21岁的英国女性举办了一场以“对话”为主题的写作比赛。1.What’sthethemeofthewritingcompetition?A.Regrets. B.Conversations.C.Grandmother’syouth. D.Personalexperiences.解析

细节理解题。根据第一段“Guardian

WeekendmagazineislaunchingawritingcompetitionforUKwomenaged16－21onthethemeof‘Conversations’.”可知，写作比赛的主题是“对话”。√2.Whatextraprizewilltheoverallwinnerreceive?A.Anadditional￡250.B.Avideoofthecompetition.C.Apriornotificationofthewin.D.Aone－to－oneworkshopwithaneditor.解析

细节理解题。根据ThePrizes中最后一句“Theoneoverallwinnerwillalsoreceiveaone－to－oneworkshopwithaneditor.”

可知，总冠军将获得与编辑进行一对一研讨会的额外奖励。√3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultindisqualification?A.Co－authoringanentry.B.Includingcontactdetails.C.MailingyourentryonJune1，2023.D.Usingothers’contentwithpermission.解析

推理判断题。根据Rules中“Entriesonbehalfofanotherpersonwillnotbeacceptedandjointsubmissionsarenotallowed.”可知，如果联合提交作品，将被取消参赛资格。√TheSisterRiceFestivalisheldeveryyearinGuizhou’sTaijiangCounty,where97percentofthe168，000peoplearefromtheethnic(民族的)Miaogroup.Itisanancienttradition,whichbringsmenandwomentogetherthroughfood,giftsandmusic.Inthedaysbeforethefestival,youngwomengatherleavesandwildflowers,whichtheyusetodye(给……染色)stickyricewithbrightcolors.Thisbrightlycoloredrice,knownasSisterRice,givesthefestivalitsname.Duringthefestival,theyoungwomendressinbeautifultraditionalclotheswithlargeamountsofsilverjewelry(首饰).Thefestivalincludesparades,horseracesandmusicalperformances.Buttherealfocusistheinteractionbetweentheyoungwomenandtheyoungmenwhovisitfromsurroundingvillagesandsingsongs.Inonetraditionaltypeofsong,amanandawomantaketurnstosingtoeachother,andthefirstonetomakeamistakelosesthegame.Thelosermustgivethewinneragift,butthewinnerisexpectedtogiveagiftinreturn,too.Aftermeetingthemen,thewomensendthemhomewithabamboobasketcontainingdyedriceandhiddenobjectswithspecialmeanings.Forexample,apairofchopsticksindicatesthatshewantstomarrytheman,whilegarlicshowsthatsheisnotinterested.Oneofseveralstoriesaboutthefestival’sbeginningisaboutagirlandaboywhofellinlove.Thegirl’sparentswantedhertomarryheruncle’sson.Sherefused,andtheboylikewiserefusedtomarryanyoneelse.Foratime,theycouldonlymeetinafieldandpasshiddenmessagestoeachotherthroughriceinabamboobasket.Finally,thepairovercametheirparents’oppositionandwereallowedtomarry.TheSisterRiceFestivalisperhapstheoldestfestivalinAsiathatencourageslove.【语篇解读】

本文是说明文。文章主要讲述贵州苗族姊妹节的习俗及它的起源。4.Whatisthepurposeofyoungwomencollectingleavesandwildflowers?A.Todecoratetheirrooms.B.Tosellthemandmakemoney.C.Togivestickyricedifferentcolors.D.Tocoversomeobjectsinabasket.解析

细节理解题。根据第二段中的Inthedaysbeforethefestival...withbrightcolors.可知，年轻的女子收集叶子和野花的目的是给糯米染不同的颜色。√5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheactivitytakingplaceinthefestival?A.Waterskiing. B.Horseraces.C.Parades. D.Singingsongs.解析

细节理解题。根据第三段中的Thefestivalincludesparades,horseracesandmusicalperformances.可知，waterskiing(滑水)不在此节日的活动中。√6.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Awomanoftenlosesthegame.B.Ahiddenpairofchopstickssuggestsgoodthings.C.Thewinnerneednotsendagift.D.Oftenamanneedstosingsongstoayoungwoman.解析

推理判断题。根据第四段Aftermeetingthemen...notinterested.可以推断，一双藏在竹篮里的筷子暗示着好事。√7.ThestoryinParagraph5tellsusthat

.A.theboy’sparentsdidn’tlikethegirlB.theywerenotmarriedintheendC.theboyrefusedtomarrythegirlatfirstD.thericeinthebamboobasketcarriedtheirlove解析

推理判断题。第五段主要讲苗族姊妹节的起源故事——一个女孩和一个男孩坠入了爱河。根据文中Foratime,theycouldonlymeet...inabamboobasket.可知，本段的故事告诉我们竹篮里的米承载着他们的爱。√Ifheisinatightspot,saysTroubleKalua,peoplementionhisname,asking,“Whatdoyouexpect？”ShortlybeforehisbirthinMalawi,hisfatherhadlosthisjobasabusconductor,makingthefamilyevenpoorer.Thenthebabynearlydied.“Thisboyistrouble，”hisfathersaid.“HisnameisTrouble.”AcrossAfricanamescanhaveastorybehindthem.Yewande,forinstance,isaYorubanamemeaning“motherhaspaidmeavisit”，givenwhenanolderfemalerelativediesjustbeforeagirlisborn.KiptanuimaysuggestatadifficultbirthformotherswhospeakoneoftheKalenjingroupoflanguagesinKenya.ButsouthernAfricastandsoutfornominativecreativity,atleastwhenitcomestoEnglishnames.AskZimbabweansabouttheirschoolfriendsandyouwillheardifferentregisters:Lovemore,Hopewell,Innocence,Patience,Knowledge,Fortune,Brilliant.AMalawian(himselfGolden)listsfriendsnamedGoodfriday,WisdomandIron.InZimbabwechildrenwerelonggivenAfricannameswithmeaning.ThispracticeswitchedafterBritishcolonization(殖民),whenhavinganEnglishnamewasseenasawayofgettingahead.Namesmayrefertoconditionsaroundthebirth,aqualityparentsseeinthechild,anaspiration(期望)forthemorevenforthecountry.UnderwhiterulesomechildrenwerecalledDemocracy,Freedomor,allegedly,PollingStation.Othernamessuggestedprogress.OneventurecapitalistrecallsschoolfriendsnamedComputer.Names,andthelanguagetheyarein,reflectchangingtimes,too.InZimbabwe,whoseeconomyisfallingdown,onecomesacrosspeoplenamedNoMoney.InmanyplacesAfricannamesaresupplanting(取代)Englishones.InrecentyearsinSouthAfrica,Enzokuhle(“todogood”inXhosa),hasbecomeoneofthemostpopularnames,perhapsinspiredbyapopularsong,“Enzo”.ItmaybethatnamessuchasSaladNthendawillbecomerelics.TheMalawian,whosemotheratelotsofvegetableswhenpregnant(怀孕的),sayshis“namefeltgoodfromdayone”.Helovesthe“uniqueness”.Althoughheisteasedattimes,hedoesnotcare.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍的是非洲人名字的特点及其取名字的各种讲究，同时也介绍了非洲人的名字也有着各种各样的寓意：非洲人的名字不仅反映了非洲发展的历史，还照亮了人们对未来的渴望。8.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinparagraph1?A.Bysharingastory. B.Bycomparingfacts.C.Byreportingfindings. D.Bypresentingfigures.解析

写作手法题。根据首段中的“ShortlybeforehisbirthinMalawi,hisfatherhadlosthisjobasabusconductor,makingthefamilyevenpoorer.Thenthebabynearlydied.‘Thisboyistrouble，’hisfathersaid.‘HisnameisTrouble.’”可知，该段作者分享了TroubleKalua这个人名字背后的故事，引出本文的话题。故选A项。√9.Whatwillababybenamedifhismotherhassomedifficultyingivingbirthtohim?A.Yewande. B.Kiptanui.C.Freedom. D.Enzokuhle.解析

细节理解题。根据第二段“KiptanuimaysuggestatadifficultbirthformotherswhospeakoneoftheKalenjingroupoflanguagesinKenya”可知，因分娩时难产，很可能给孩子取名时与此事件相关。因此如果一个孩子的母亲在生他的时候有困难，会给孩子取Kiptanui这个名字。故选B项。√10.WhatdoesSaladNthendathinkofhisname?A.Interesting. B.Meaningless.C.Important. D.Special.解析

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Helovesthe‘uniqueness’.Althoughheisteasedattimes,hedoesnotcare.”可知，SaladNthenda认为自己的名字很特别。故选D项。√11.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.StoriesBehindSomeNamesB.SomeStrangeNamesinSouthernAfricaC.NamesinSouthernAfricaAreBothCreativeandMeaningfulD.One’sNameIsCloselyConnectedwithItsCountry’sHistory解析

标题归纳题。根据第二段中的“AcrossAfricanamescanhaveastorybehindthem.”以及第三段“ButsouthernAfricastandsoutfornominativecreativity,atleastwhenitcomestoEnglishnames.”并结合文章中列举的实例，可知，南部非洲人的名字极富创造力又有意义。故选C项。√(2024·潍坊二模)TheMalaysiannightmarketisbasedonaconceptofopen－airshoppingwherestreetvendors(小贩)takeoveradesignatedstreettosetupstalls(货摊).Thenightmarketistheplacewhereyoucanhangaroundthestalls,enjoythesmelloflocalfoodsandmaybepickupsomeitems.Eachnightmarketcomprisesadifferentcombinationofstalls.1Thereisalwayssomethingnewandexcitingtolookforwardtoateachvisit.Thenightmarketsaretypicallyfrom5pmtill10：30pm.Youcangetanythingfromnightmarkets,beitgroceries,clothing,goodlocalfood,hotsnacks,householditems,freshproduce,andeventhelateststyles.Byaround6pm,themarketisinfullswingasthefirstgroupsofpeoplesweepin.Forthosewhocook,thereisstalluponstallsellingfreshseafood,meatproducts,andalimitlessvarietyofvegetables.2Ⅱ.七选五Itisnosecretthatall－nightmarketsshareacommontreasure—tastystreetcuisine.3Theever－popularsoybeandrinkandsugarcanejuiceareapermanentfeaturehere.4Therefore,itisnotaplaceforthefaint－heartedorthegentle.Tomany,theyarefunandthrillingplacestoexplore.Youcanevenbeaddictedtodiscoveriesoftheantiquekindwhichcanbefoundinsomenightmarkets.Someplacesare24－hourmarkets,whicharelivelieratnightwhentraderssetupnumerousstallssellingunusuallocalfood,exotictropical(热带的)fruits,cheapclothes,second－handgoodsaswellasfre