2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练课件：话题33　海洋奥秘探索及保护

话题33海洋奥秘探索及保护主题群一环境与保护Ⅰ.阅读理解Coralreefsareanecessarypartofsealifeandsupportitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableafishpopulationtoboom，alongwithotherspecies，forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However，theriseinaveragewatertemperatureduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandextended“coralbleaching(珊瑚白化)”eventsthatdamagetheirhealth，causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.Inordertorepairthisdelicateecosystem，scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish，potentiallystartingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationofthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea，foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland，Australia，whichisfamousforhavingthelargestcoralreefsystemintheworldthat’s2，300kilometreslongandcoversanareaofnearly344，400squarekilometres.Byusingloudspeakerstoreproducesuchsounds，areasofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish，comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed.Thesereturningfishcouldhelpintherecoveryofthisecosystembygivingthoseareasofcoralachanceofnewlife.“Fishareimportantforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Increasingfishpopulationsinthiswaycouldhelptostartthenaturalrecoveryprocess，reducingthedamagewe’reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld.Ofcourse，attractingfishtoadeadcoralreefwon’tbringitbacktolifeautomatically，buttherecoveryprocessreliesonfishthatcleanthecoralreeftomakespaceforcoraltoregrow，”saidMarkMeekan.【语篇解读】

本文是说明文。珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要组成部分。然而，气候变化造成了珊瑚白化。科学家们进行了研究，在水下使用扬声器来吸引鱼群，以帮助恢复受损的珊瑚礁。1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofcoralreefs.B.Theinfluenceofclimatechange.C.Theperfectplaceforseaspecies.D.Theecosystem’sdiversityandcomplexity.解析

段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，珊瑚礁是海洋生物的必要组成部分，不但为各种海洋生物提供住所和栖息地，还提供和回收利用营养物质，使鱼类种群与其他物种一起繁荣发展，形成一个健康和多样化的生态系统。由此可推知，本段主要讲述了珊瑚礁的重要性。√2.What’sthepurposeofusingspeakersunderwater?A.Tomakefishmoreactive.B.Totestdamagedcoralreefs.C.Tohelprecovertheecosystem.D.Tohelpspeedthegrowthofcoralreefs.解析

细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，为了修复珊瑚礁这一脆弱的生态系统，科学家们在水下使用了扬声器。√3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheexperiment?A.Itwasn’tcarriedoutinthelargestcoralreefsystem.B.Itdrewmuchpublicattention.C.Ithasbroughtdeadcoralreefsbacktolife.D.Theloudspeakerswerehelpfulinattractingfish.解析

正误判断题。根据第四段中的“Byusingloudspeakers...wherenosoundswereplayed.”可知，与没有播放声音的地方相比，在该实验中用扬声器产生的声音为死去的珊瑚礁吸引了两倍多的鱼。√4.WhatisMarkMeekan’sattitudetowardstheuseofspeakers? A.Doubtful. B.Positive.C.Disappointed. D.Indifferent.解析

观点态度题。根据最后一段MarkMeekan说的话可知，扬声器可以吸引鱼群，鱼群虽然不会使死珊瑚礁自动复活，但其恢复过程依赖鱼来清洁珊瑚礁，以给珊瑚重新生长的空间，由此可推知，MarkMeekan对使用扬声器持肯定的态度。√Severalyearsago，JasonBox，ascientistfromOhio，flew31giantrollsofwhiteplastictoaglacier(冰川)inGreenland.Heandhisteamspreadthemacross10，000feetofice，andthenleft.Hisideawasthatthewhiteblanketwouldreflectbacktheraysofthesun，keepingtheicebelowcool.Whenhecamebacktochecktheresults，hefounditworked.Theexposedicehadmeltedfasterthanthecoveredice.Hehadnotonlysavedtwofeetoftheglacierinashorttime.Nocoalplantswereshutdown，nojobswerelost，andnobodywastaxedorfired.Itwasjustthesortoffixwe’relookingfor.“Thankyou，butnothankyou，”saidRalphKing，aclimatescientist.HetoldGreyChilds，authorandcommentator，that“peoplethinktechnologycansavetheplanet，butthereareotherthingsweneedtodealwith，likeconsumption.Theyburned$50，000justforthehelicoptertobringtheplastictotheglacier.”Thisexperimentgivespeoplefalsehopethatclimatechangecanbefixedwithoutchanginghumanbehaviour.Itcan’t.Technologywon’tgiveusafreeride.Individualsrespondtoclimatechangedifferently.ClimatologistKellySmithishardlyaloneinherpredictionthatsomedaysoonwewon’tbeclimatevictims—wewillbeclimatechoosers.Morescientistsagreewithherthatifthehumanracesurvives，theengineerswillgetsmarter，thetoolswillgetbetter，andonedaywewillcontroltheclimate.Butwhatthen？“Justthementionofuscontrollingtheclimatesentasmallshiverdownmyback，”Greywrites.“Somethingsoundedwrongaboutstoppingiceagesbyourownwill，”hesays.Me？Ilikeitbetterwhentheearthtakescareofitself.Iguessonedaywewillhavetoruntheplace，butforthemoment，sittingatmydesk，lookingoutatthetreesbendingwildlyandthewindhowling，I’mhappynottobeincharge.【语篇解读】

本文是议论文。文章以一个付出巨大代价保护冰川的实例告诉人们，看起来气候变化可以在不改变人类行为的情况下得到解决，但不同的人对此有不同的看法，比如有人认为科技不能帮助人类在不改变自身行为的前提下修正气候变化；有人对人类控制气候的说法感到一丝恐惧等。5.WhydoestheauthormentionJasonBox’sexperimentinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroduceapossiblesolutiontoclimatechange.B.Todescribeamisleadingattempttofixtheclimate.C.Toreportonasuccessfulexperimentonsavingtheglacier.D.Toarousepeople’sattentiontotheproblemofglobalwarming.解析

写作意图题。根据第二段中的“Thisexperiment...giveusafreeride”可知，作者认为这个实验会给人们一种错误的希望，但其实气候变化在不改变人类行为的情况下不能得到修正。由此可知，作者在第一段提到JasonBox的实验是为了描述一次具有误导性的修正气候的尝试。√6.WhichstatementwouldRalphKingmostprobablyagreewith?A.Thefightagainstclimatechangewillnotsucceed.B.Technologyisnotthefinalsolution，letaloneitshighcost.C.It’sbesttodealwithclimatechangewithoutchangingourbehaviour.D.Jason’sexperimentplaysasignificantroleinfixingclimatechange.解析

推理判断题。根据第二段RalphKing所说的话可推知，RalphKing认为用科技解决气候问题花费高，且科技不是最终解决方案。√7.WhatisGreyChilds’attitudetohuman’scontrollingtheclimate?A.Favourable. B.Tolerant.C.Doubtful. D.Unclear.解析

观点态度题。根据第三段中的“Justthemention...back”“Somethingsounded...byourownwill”可知，GreyChilds认为人类控制气候听起来就有点让人害怕，故GreyChilds对此持怀疑态度。√8.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Butshouldwefixtheclimate?B.Isclimatechangearealproblem?C.Howcanwetakecareoftheearth?D.Whatifalltheglaciersdisappeared?解析

标题归纳题。第一段作者介绍了JasonBox拯救冰川的实验；第二段作者认为此次实验传递给人们错误的希望，并认为在不改变人类行为的情况下科技不能修正气候变化；第三段作者介绍了不同人对人类控制气候的看法；第四段作者认为地球有自己的规律，我们应顺其自然。故本文可用A项(但是我们应该修正气候吗？)作标题。√(2024·湖南省郴州市二模)Asaflorist，Ispenthoursarrangingthedisplayforanevent.Butadaylater，itwasunwantedandthrownaway1.Iwantedtodosomethingwithit，believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodconditioncouldbe2.ThinkingIcouldmakethemostofthesebeautiful3，Istartedtakinghomeasmanyaspossible，andgivingthemtohospitals，buttherewerestillmany4.Then，onedayIhadan5.Ibeganrepurposingsomeoftheminto6items.Apinkagapanthus(百子莲)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龙眼)asagiantheadpiece.Afriend，Lilywasattractive，withtheorangeflowersonher7，whichlookedlikeafamoushairstyle.Andsomeofmycreationswere8byanotherfriend.Ⅱ.完形填空Sharingthephotosonthesocialmediagotpeople9.Manywere10athowwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe.Bythen，Ifoundmore11.Myartworksshowedmethatwereallycould12flowers.OnValentine’sDay，thereweresomany13rosesthatIwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity.Ithinkmyworkis14theideasaboutbeauty.Somethingthatpeoplemightthinkis15forthebincanreallyhaveawholeotherlifeinit.SoIhopepeoplecanthinkmoreaboutwhattheythrowout.【语篇解读】

本文是记叙文。作者作为一名花商，利用被丢弃的鲜花制作成一些时尚物品，从而呼吁更多人关注被扔掉的东西。1.A.specially B.patiently C.intentionally D.carefully

解析

结合前文“itwasunwantedandthrownaway”可知,鲜花被故意丢掉了。intentionally故意地。2.A.refunded B.reused C.returned D.recommended

解析

结合前文“believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodcondition”可知，许多花仍然很好，所以可以被重新利用。√√3.A.stages B.displays C.plants D.memories

解析

根据上文“believingmanyoftheflowersstillingoodcondition”可知，此处指作者想充分利用这些花，这里用plants指代上文的flowers。4.A.leftover B.takenover C.lookedover D.gotover

解析

结合上文“Asaflorist,Ispenthoursarrangingthedisplayforanevent.”及“Istartedtakinghomeasmanyaspossible，andgivingthemtohospitals，buttherewerestillmany”可知，布置一次展出会用到很多的花，所以此处指我尽可能多地把被扔掉的一些花带回家，但仍有许多花被剩下。leaveover留下，剩下；takeover接管；lookover检查；审查；getover克服。√√5.A.interview B.accident C.opportunity D.idea

解析

结合下文“Apinkagapanthus(百子莲)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龙眼)asagiantheadpiece.”可知，作者把带回来的花做成了其他的东西，因此此处指作者有了一个想法。6.A.sales B.work C.study D.fashion

解析

结合下文“Apinkagapanthus(百子莲)becameanecklace，whileIusedabanksia(山龙眼)asagiantheadpiece.”可知，项链和头饰都是时尚物品。√√7.A.way B.head C.list D.back

解析

结合下文“whichlookedlikeafamoushairstyle”可知，莉莉头上戴着橘色的花。8.A.created B.approved C.identified D.photographed

解析

结合下文“Sharingthephotosonthesocialmedia”可知，把照片发在网上，因而这里指我的一位朋友拍了我的作品的照片。√√9.A.performing B.talking C.competing D.succeeding

解析

结合下文“Manywere

athowwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe.”可知，看到照片上的花，引发了人们的议论。10.A.alarmed B.relieved C.shocked D.embarrassed

解析

根据下文“howwastefulthefloralindustrycouldbe”可知，人们对于花卉的浪费很是震惊。alarmed担心；害怕；relieved放心的；感到宽慰的；embarrassed尴尬的。√√11.A.possibilities B.statistics C.standards D.examples

解析

结合下文“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，此处指作者找到了把花做成其他物品的可能性。12.A.purchase B.wear C.choose D.generate

解析

结合下文“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，作者把花编织成一件巨大的红色套装，莉莉穿着它在城里散步，因而此处指我们可以穿戴鲜花。√√13.A.unwanted B.indoor C.beautiful D.fake

解析

结合前文内容可知，作者把被扔掉的状态好的花卉做成其他的时尚装饰品，所以此处指作者把无用的玫瑰做成了一个巨大的红色套装。14.A.comprising B.classifying C.changing D.collecting

解析

结合上文“Myartworksshowedmethatwereallycould

flowers.”及“Iwovethemtogetherintoagiantredsuit，whichLilyworewhilewalkingthroughthecity”可知，作者通过把花做成套装，让朋友穿在身上，因而此处指作者的做法正在改变人们对美的看法。√√15.A.convenient B.enough C.essential D.fit

解析

结合下文“forthebin”及“Ihopepeoplecanthinkmoreaboutwhattheythrowout.”可知，被扔掉的东西理应在垃圾桶里。所以此处指适合在垃圾桶的东西。√(2024·山西省晋中市高三二模)TheGrandCanal，agreatman－madeprojectcompletedinancientChina，haswitnessedChinesehistoryspanningover2，500years.OnJune22，2014，it1.

(include)ontheWorldCulturalHeritageList.Overathousandyears，theGrandCanalhasbeenmeandering(蜿蜒而行)througheightprovincesandcitiesalong2.

(it)courseof3，200kilometersandconnectingfivemajorrivers，which3.

(be)thelongestandoldestcanalintheworld.Itisapreciousheritage4.

(pass)downtousbyourancestors.Ⅲ.语法填空Inmoderntimes，as5.

resultofsocialunrest，climatechange，economicchangeandotherimpacts，theGrandCanalhasbeentroubledbyaseriesofproblemssuchasriverchannelcutoff，water6.

(pollute)，andwaterecologicaldamage.ItwasoncetheChinesepeople’sdreamthattheGrandCanalcouldberestoredtothepastglory.7.

thebeginningofthenewera，manyplacesalongtheGrandCanalhavelaunchedecologicalrestorationprojects.Whilemaintainingtheoriginalformoftherivercourse，theyhavefocusedonscientificprotectionandculturalheritage，8.

(highlight)thecultural，historicalandecologicalvalueoftheGrandCanal.OnApril28，2022，theGrandCanalwasrefilledwithwaterforthefirsttimeinacentury，aftera14－daywater－supplyproject.With9.

(far)developmentoftheproject，theGrandCanalhasgraduallyrestoredthepastshippingcapacity.Boattours10.

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