2025届人教版(2019)高考英语一轮话题复习高考题型通关练：话题5　饮食文化与健康饮食（学生版）

话题5饮食文化与健康饮食

Ⅰ.阅读理解

(2024·衡水中学第四次综合素养测评)

Weald&DownlandLivingMuseum

Funfact

Over50historicbuildingsfromacrosstheWealdandDownlandareahavebeen

dismantled(拆除)andthenreconstructedacrossalovely40－acresiteintheSouth

Downsnationalpark.Thecollectionofbuildingsrepresentsalmostathousandyearsof

rurallifeinsouth－eastEngland：furnishedjustastheywouldhavebeeninthe

past—completewiththehomes，farmsandpublicbuildings.There’sasenseof

exploringarealvillageasyouwanderbetweenthemalonggreenpaths，stoppingto

climbthestairsofa17th－centurycraftsman’s(工匠)cottagetolieonthestrawbed

orshelteringfromashowerinasmoky，14th－centuryhall.

Gettingthere

TheStagecoach60busservicefromChichestertoMidhurststopsjustfiveminutes

awayatGroomsYard，Singleton.ThenearestrailwaystationsareChichester(2miles)

andHaslemere(7miles).ThemuseumisonTownLaneinSingleton，reachedviathe

A286fromChichestertoMidhurst.Parkingisfreeandtherearedisabledparking

spacesoppositethemuseumshop.

Valueformoney?

Yes.It’snotcheapbutit’saspecialexperiencethateasilyfillsaday.Plus，it’savaluable

causeworthsupporting.Adults￡14，children5－17andstudents￡6.50，under－

4sfree，family￡38(twoadultsandtwochildren)or￡25(oneadultandthree

children).

Openinghours

Daily10am－5pm(lastentry4pm).

1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinWeald&DownlandLivingMuseum?

A.Takeashowerinthehall.

B.Stayovernightatacottage.

C.Learnconstructiontechniques.

D.Explorerurallifecenturiesago.

2.Howmuchwouldacouplewiththeir5－year－oldtwinsonspayforadmission?

A.￡25.B.￡34.5.

C.￡38.D.￡41.

3.WhatdoweknowaboutWeald&DownlandLivingMuseum?

A.Itchargesparkingfees.

B.Ithasvariedopeninghours.

C.Itisinconvenientlylocatedforbusriders.

D.Itoffersthedisabledthoughtfulservice.

ResearchersatBen－GurionUniversityoftheNegevsaythatthepopulardieting

strategyofservingfoodonsmallerplatesdoesnotnecessarilytrickusintoeatingless.

“Platesizedoesn’tmatterasmuchaswethinkitdoes，”saysDr.TzviGanel，headof

thestudyinamediarelease.“Evenifyou’rehungryandhaven’teaten，oraretryingto

cutbackonportions(份)，aservinglookssimilarwhetheritfillsasmallerplateoris

surroundedbyemptyspaceonalargerone.”

Somedietersmaytryeatingoffsmallerplates，hopingthattheywillfeelfullbecause

theservingsizeappearslargeronthesmallerplate.Thisstrategyisbasedontheclassic

Delbouefillusion(错觉)，whichfoundthatpeopleseeingablackcircleinsidealarger

circleperceivedthecircletobesmallerthanwhenthesamesizedblackcirclewas

placedinsideasmallercircle.

Researchersdeterminedthathungerseemstohelpwithvisualperceptionoffood

portions.Intheexperiment，participantswhohadeatenrecentlyhadadifficulttime

estimatingpizzaportionsthatwereplacedonlargerversussmallertrays.But

participantswhohadnoteatenforatleastthreehourswerebetterabletoestimate

portionsizescorrectly.

Theauthorsremindthattheirresultsonlyappliedtofoodsizes.Bothgroupsof

participantsperformedaboutthesamewhenaskedtocomparesizesofblackcircles

andhubcaps(轮毂)placedinsidedifferentsizedcircles.Studyauthorssaytheresults

suggestthathungerstrengthensourabilitytoanalyzeandprocesswhatweareseeing.

“Overthelastdecade，restaurantsandotherfoodbusinesseshavebeenusing

progressivelysmallerdishestoadapttotheperceptualbias(偏差)thatitwillreduce

foodconsumption，”saysGanel.“Thisstudydebunksthatview.Whenpeopleare

hungry，especiallywhendieting，theyarelesslikelytobefooledbytheplatesize，

morelikelytorealizetheyareeatinglessandmorereadytoovereatinglater.”

Sodon’tkidyourself.PutawaytheBarbieplatesandgiveitthreehours.Thengrabthat

giantplateanddigin.Youreyeswillchoosetherightsize.

4.Whydosomedietersswitchtosmallerdishes?

A.Toseekanelegantlifestyle.

B.Tomeasuretheservingsize.

C.Tohavetheimpressionofbeingfull.

D.ToseewhetherDelbouefillusionistrue.

5.Whathelpstojudgefoodsizesaccurately?

A.Theblackcolor.

B.Thesizeofcircles.

C.Thestrongneedforfood.

D.Thedelicioustasteoffood.

6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“debunks”inParagraph6?

A.Disapproves.B.Confirms.

C.Reflects.D.Discovers.

7.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?

A.Dietingrequiressmallerplates.

B.Yourdinnerplateaffectsyourweight.

C.Eatinglessisapopulardietingpractice.

D.Smallerplateswon’tleadtolesseating.

Anincreasinglypopularwayofeatingcalledreducetarianismmaysoundlikeanew

weightlosstrend.Butthat’snotthegoal；instead，reducetarianismisaboutcutting

downtheamountofmeatyoueatandmakingsmallchangesthatarehealthyforyou

andtheplanet.“Butthevastmajoritydon’twanttogovegan，”saysBrianKateman，

co－founderoftheReducetarianFoundation.Sohehasasimplemessageforus：

“Don’tletperfectionbetheenemyofthegood.”Comparedwithavegetarian，

reducetarianstakeamoreflexibleapproachthatacknowledgeschallengesofgivingup

meatentirelybutstilllimitsmeatwhenpossible.

Theoppositesideofeatinglessmeatiseatingmoreplantfoods.Animalproductsoften

replacefreshfruits，vegetablesandwholegrains，leadingtolackofnutrientsfrom

them.Amoreplant－baseddietcanhelplowertheriskofhealthproblemsincluding

heartdisease，coloncancer，andobesity.Andresearchshowstheclimatetollfrom

raisingplant－basedfoodsislessthanthatcausedbyanimal－basedfoods.Thisis

largelybecauseittakesmuchmoreland，water，andotherresourcestoproduceapound

ofmeatthanplantprotein，saysDanaEllis，adietitian.

Thetypeofmeatyoubuymatterstoo.Grass－fedmeat—fromanimalsraisedwithout

antibiotics(抗生素)—tendtobethemoresustainableoptions.Bygrazing，cows

encouragegrassgrowthandnutrientturnoverinthesoil，whichmayhelpoffsetcattle’s

climateimpact，accordingtoastudypublishedin2021.

Lookingforlocalproducethatrequiresnoairtransportandcuttingdownthefood

wastearealsosignificantaspectsofbeingareducetarian.Themessageof

reducetarianismisthatyoudon’thavetobeperfecttohelpyourselfandtheplanetby

makingsmallchangesinhowyoueatandshopforfood.Andthat’ssomethingweall

canaccomplish.

8.Whatdoesreducetarianismreferto?

A.Anovelweightlosstrend.

B.Ahealthydietwithlittlemeat.

C.Anideaofacceptingimperfection.

D.Anapproachtobeingavegetarian.

9.Whyshouldeatingmoreplantfoodsbeencouraged?

A.Ithelpstofreepeoplefromdiseases.

B.Itguaranteesallthenutrientsneeded.

C.Itallowspeopletoobtainmoreprotein.

D.Itcauseslessdamagetotheenvironment.

10.Whoismorelikelytobeareducetarianaccordingtothepassage?

A.Ameatlover.

B.Acowraiser.

C.Akeenenvironmentalist.

D.Adevotedvegetarian.

11.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Localproducecanoffermorenutrition.

B.Reducetarianismissomethingimperfect.

C.Anyamountoffoodwasteshouldbeavoided.

D.Smallchangesindietbettermanandtheearth.

Ⅱ.七选五

(2024·江苏泰州高三统考)

ASimpleTricktoResistJunkFood

You’retiredandhungry.Thenyoucatchsomethingdelicious，probablyfriedand

almostcertainlyfattening.Itisfriedchicken！__1__Anewresearchsaysthatbeing

exposedtothesmellofjunkfoodforatleasttwominutescanactuallyhelpyoumake

healthierfoodchoices.

Haveyouevernoticedthatwhateverappetizingtreatcatchesyournose’sattention

tendstobemostappealingjustafteryoufirstsmellit?Whatwillhappenifyou’re

standinginlineafteracoupleofminutes？__2__Andrecentsciencesaysthatthisis

actuallytherightmomenttowalkaway.

Theresultsofaseriesofexperimentsshowthatextendedexposureofmorethantwo

minutestojunkfoodsmellleadstolowerpurchasesofunhealthyfoodscomparedwith

healthysmell.__3__Thatiswhylongexpos