创新大学英语综合教程U7课件

Unit7ArchitectureInnovationEnglishIntegratedCourseBook4Lead-inAfter-readingTextADetailedstudyofthetextFromstructuretotextAdditionalMaterialscontent01020304TextA3TeachingSessionsTextB1.5TeachingSessionsListening&Speaking1.5TeachingSessionsExercises2TeachingSessionsSuggestedTeachingSteps01Lead-inLead-inDirections:Pleasewatchthevideoclipandanswerthequstions.Lead-in1.WhatproblemscantheverticaldomeinShanghaihelptosolve?Populationdensity;makethebestuseofthelimitedlandtoaccommodateasmanypeopleaspossible;Shanghaiisoneofthemostpopulouscitiesoftheworld,with24millionpeople.2.WhatchallengesdoesShanghaiTowerface?Howaretheysoled?Thetalleristhestructure,themoreitchallengesMotherNature.Eachsummer,atyphonblaststhecity,andShanghaiTowerbecomesthetarget.Bytwistingtheouterskin120degrees,thewindsafelyglidesaroundthetower.02TextATextAIntensiveReadingDetailedstudyoftheTextFromStructuretoTextTextA

TheLeaningTowerofPisa1.ThetowerinPisa,Italy,isfamoussimplybecauseitleans.Itwasclosedtothepublicin1990,afterfearsthatanentirebusloadoftouristsatthetopwouldbeenoughtomakeitfall.Elevenyearslater,theleanhasbeencorrectedalittle,butnotentirely.Althoughthetowerisfamousbecauseitleans,itisanoutstandingexampleofRomanesquearchitecture,andwouldprobablybefamous,evenifitdidn'tlean.Itstands187feethighanduntil1990wasleaningoveratabouta10-degreeangle,thetopbeing17feetfurtheroverthanwasoriginallyintended.Itwasestimatedthattheleanwasincreasingbyoneinchevery20years.TextA2.In1172,awealthywidowleftsixtycoinsinherwilltobuystonestobegintheconstructionofthetower.Itisabelltowertoaccompanythecathedralthatitstandsnextto.Itisn'tquiteclearwhotheactualdesignerwas,butconstructionwasbegunonAugust9,1173.DuetothefactthatthepeopleofPisawereinvolvedinalotofwars,withseveralstopstofight,ittookuntil1350tocompletethebuilding.Thetoweriscircular,andmadeupofeightfloorsoflimestoneandlimemortarcoveredontheoutsidewithmarble.Theoutsideofeachlevelhascolumnsandarches.Thereisastaircaseof293stepsleadingupfromthegroundtotheeighthfloor:thestepsarebuiltbetweenaninnerwallandtheouterwalls.Theeighthfloorcontainsthebells,seveninall.Thefirststagewasthebuildingofthefirstthreefloors;thisbeganin1173andstoppedin1178,whenPisawasatwar.Constructionbeganagainin1275underanarchitectcalledGiovannidiSimone.Hebuiltthenextthreefloors,andagainworkwashalteduntil1319.Thefinaltwofloorswereaddedbetween1319and1350.TextA3.Only5yearsafterworkonthebuildingbegan,itwasleaningnoticeablytotheNorth.Theleanwasfirstnoticedduringconstructionofthethirdfloor.Duringthebuildingofthenextthreefloors,theleanwascorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltotheground,andnotlevelwiththeleaningbuilding.Duringthisphasethetowerstartedtoleantheotherway.NowitwasleaningtotheSouth.Thetowerisbuiltonunsuitablegroundforsuchaheavyandtallbuilding.Itisonlyabout6feetabovesealevelandbuiltonariverbed.Theunderlyinggroundismadeupoflayersofsandandclay.Thelayersarenotevenandtheweightofthebuildinghascompressedthem.Becausethelayersarenoteven,asthegroundhascompressed,ithassunkmoreinsomeplacesthanothers.4.Thefactthatittooksuchalongtimetobuildmaybethemainreasonithasn'tfallen.Betweentheperiodsofconstruction,thegroundhadtimetosettleandbecomecompacted,makingthefoundationsstronger.Anotherimportantfactoristhematerialitisbuiltfrom;thelimestoneandlimemortarareabletobendandresisttheforcesthatwouldmakeother,morebrittlerocks,crack.TextA5.Severalplanshavebeentriedovertheyearstostopthetowerfromfalling.Someofthemhavebeenalmostdisastrous.In1934anItalianengineerdrilled361holesintothebaseandfilledthemwithmortar.Thetowerpromptlyleanedoversomemore.In1993,650tonsofleadwerehungfromtheNorthsideofthebuildingtotryandstoptheleanincreasing.Forawhileitworked.In1995,theydecidedtotryandincreasethefoundationsundertheSouthsideofthebuilding.Theyfrozethegroundusingliquidnitrogen,tostopitmoving,andthenstartedtoremovestones,sotheycouldinsertmetalrods.Whattheydidn'tknowwasthatthestonestheywereremovingwerepartoftheoriginalfoundationofthebuilding.Thatisthenearestthetowerhascometodisaster.Inonenighttheleanincreasedasmuchasitnormallyincreasesintwoyears.Theyquicklyaddedanother250tonsofleadanddecidedtorethinkthewholething.TextA6.Atthispointeveryonewasjustaboutreadytogiveup.ThenaBritishengineeringprofessorcameupwithyetanotheridea.Hisplanwastoremovegroundfromunderthehighside,insteadoftryingtoaddgroundunderthelowside.In1999workbegan,andwasdoneveryslowly,sothatthebuildingwouldn'tgetasuddenshock.AtthebeginningofJune2001,theworkwascomplete,andthetowerhadbeenstraightenedupbyabout16inches,whichreturnsittothepositionitheldin1838.Theengineersbelievethatitissafeforatleastanother300years.So,iftheyknowhow,whydidn'ttheyjuststraightenitupalltheway?Theanswerliesinthetower'sname.ItistheLeaningTowerofPisaandjustwouldn'tbethesameifitdidn'tlean!SomeoftheresidentsofPisasayitwouldbebettertoletitfalldown,ratherthantostraightenitalltheway.DetailedStudyFromword&sentencetotextDETAILEDSTUDYOFTHETEXTDetailedStudy1)(Para.1)Itwasclosedtothepublicin1990,afterfearsthatanentirebusloadoftouristsatthetopwouldbeenoughtomakeitfall:Withworriesthatalargenumberoftouristsstandingatthetopmightmakethetowercollapse,thetowerwasclosedtothepublicin1990.【译文】由于担心一车的游客站在塔顶就会使它倒塌，该塔于1990年停止对游人开放。该句的主句为“Itwasclosedtothepublicin1990.…."。“afterfears….”是介词短语，表明关闭斜塔的原因。“that”引导的从句是“fear”的同位语，说明担心的内容。“that”从句中的主干是“anentirebusloadoftouristswouldbeenough...”。“after”(prep.)heremeans“becauseofsomethingthathappenedearlier”e.g.I'llneverforgivehimafterwhathesaid.I'mnotsurprisedhewalkedoutafterthewayshetreatedhim.Afteryourletter,Ididn'tthinkI'deverseeyouagain.busloadn.anamountofpeopleonabusthatisfull(一个公共汽车的)载客量e.g.Abusloadoftouristscameinbehindus,maybetwentyHawaiiansinHawaiianshirts,withcamerasandfunnyhats.DetailedStudy2)(Para.1)Althoughthetowerisfamousbecauseitleans,itisanoutstandingexampleofRomanesquearchitecture,andwouldprobablybefamous,evenifitdidn'tlean:Despitethefactthatthetowerisrenownedforleaning.itwouldprobablystillbefamousifitdidn'tleanforitisamarvelousexampleofRomanesquearchitecture.【译文】尽管此塔因倾斜而闻名于世，但它也是罗马建筑的杰出典范，即使不倾斜，也可能享誉世界。evenifusedtoemphasizethatalthoughsomethingmayhappenormaybetrue,itwillnotchangeasituation即使，即便e.g.She'sgoingtohaveproblemsfindingajobevenifshegetsherAlevel.Iwouldn'ttellyouevenifIknew.Evenifshesurvives,she'llneverfullyrecover.DetailedStudy3)(Para.1)Itstands187feethighanduntil1990wasleaningoveratabouta10-degreeangle,thetopbeing17feetfurtheroverthanwasoriginallyintended:Itis187feethighandwastiltingatabouta10-degreeanglewiththetopbeing17feetfurtheroverthanwasplannedatthebeginning.【译文】塔高187英尺，1990年时它的倾斜度大约为10度，塔顶偏离了预先设计位置17英尺。该句中“stand”是系动词，故“187feet”是表语，而“high”是补语。"thetopbeing17feet...”是由现在分词短语“being17feet....”构成的独立主格结构。standv.(1)haveaspecifiedheight高度为e.g.Thetrophystands3feethigh.Hestandssixfeettwo.(2)

beinacertainplace,besituated在某处，位于e.g.Alampstoodonthetable.Neartherailwaystationstoodahotel.DetailedStudy4)(Para.1)Itwasestimatedthattheleanwasincreasingbyoneinchevery20years.【译文】据估计，比萨塔每20年增加倾斜一英寸。increase(sth.)bysth.

以……为单位增加e.g.Foodpricesincreasedby10%inlessthanayear.5)(Para.2)DuetothefactthatthepeopleofPisawereinvolvedinalotofwars,withseveralstopstofight,ittookuntil1350tocompletethebuilding:BecausemanywarswerewagedinvolvingthepeopleofPisa,theconstructionwasinterrupted;itwasnotuntil1350thattheconstructionwascompleted.【译文】由于比萨人民频受战争侵扰，塔的修建几度中断，直到1350年才竣工。DetailedStudy6)

(Para.2)Thereisastaircaseof293stepsleadingupfromthegroundtotheeighthfloor;thestepsarebuiltbetweenaninnerwallandtheouterwalls.【译文】从地面到塔的第八层共有293级台阶，台阶建于内墙和外墙之间。increstaircasen.

asetofstairsinsideabuildingwithitssupportsandthesidepartsthatyouholdonto楼梯e.g.Ihearsomeonecomingdownthestaircase.spiralstaircaseasetofstairsarrangedinacircularpatternsothattheygoaroundacentralpointastheygethigher旋转楼梯movingstaircaseescalator;asetofmovingstairsthattakepeopletodifferentlevelsinabuilding电动扶梯，自动扶梯DetailedStudy7)

(Para.3)Duringthebuildingofthenextthreefloors,theleanwascorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltothegroundandnotlevelwiththeleaningbuilding:Duringtheconstructionofthenextthreefloors,thetiltwaspartiallycorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltothegroundratherthanparalleltothepreviousfloors.【译文】于是建随后三层时，人们通过建造与地面而非与塔身平行的层面来校正塔的倾斜。该句的主干是“theleanwascorrectedby...”。介词短语“bybuildingthefloorsparalleltotheground”作方式状语，表示纠正塔的倾斜的方式。而“andnotlevelwiththeleaningbuilding”也是介词短语，省略了介词，补全的形式应为“notbybuildingthefloorslevelwiththeleaningbuilding”。parallel

adj.(1)

(oftwoormorelines)havingthesamedistancebetweeneachotherateverypoint平行的e.g.Theroadandthecanalareparalleltoeachother.(2)exactlycorresponding,similar相对应的，相同的e.g.Sheandherfriendshaveparallellikesanddislikes.DetailedStudy7)

(Para.3)Duringthebuildingofthenextthreefloors,theleanwascorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltothegroundandnotlevelwiththeleaningbuilding:Duringtheconstructionofthenextthreefloors,thetiltwaspartiallycorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltothegroundratherthanparalleltothepreviousfloors.【译文】于是建随后三层时，人们通过建造与地面而非与塔身平行的层面来校正塔的倾斜。parallel

n.(1)

person,situation,event,etc.thatisexactlysimilartoanother相似的人或情形e.g.TheseideashaveparallelsinFreud'sthought,too.(2)(in~withsth./sb.)togetherwithandatthesametimeassth.else(与……)同时e.g.Thenewdegreeandtheexistingcertificatecourseswouldruninparallel.DetailedStudy7)

(Para.3)Duringthebuildingofthenextthreefloors,theleanwascorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltothegroundandnotlevelwiththeleaningbuilding:Duringtheconstructionofthenextthreefloors,thetiltwaspartiallycorrectedbybuildingthefloorsparalleltothegroundratherthanparalleltothepreviousfloors.【译文】于是建随后三层时，人们通过建造与地面而非与塔身平行的层面来校正塔的倾斜。leveladj.(1)

(~with)ofthesameheight,standard,orpositiononascale等高的，同等标准的e.g.Thelittlegirl'sheadislevelwithhermother'sknees.Thetwopicturesarenotquitelevel,thatoneishigherthantheother.(2)havingahorizontalsurface;flat;notsloping水平的，平坦的e.g.Somestreetsinthecityarenotlevel.DetailedStudy8)(Para.3)Becausethelayersarenoteven,asthegroundhascompressed,ithassunkmoreinsomeplacesthanothers:Becausethelayersarenotequalorlevelsomeplaceswouldsinkdeeperthanotherswhenthegroundhasbeenpressed.【译文】由于地层分布不均衡，地面受压时，某些地方会沉陷得更厉害。evenadj.(1)

smooth,flat,level平的，平滑(坦)的e.g.Thefloormustbecompletelyevenbeforewelaythetiles/Hehaslovelywhite,eventeeth.(2)unchanginginquality,regular,steady均匀的，有规律的，稳定的e.g.Theroomiskeptataneventemperature.compressv.(1)

topresssth.ormakeitsmallersothatittakesuplessspace;ortobecomesmaller挤压，压缩e.g.Woodshavingsandsawdustcanbecompressedintoboards.Hecompressedthedocumentandthene-mailedittome.(2)

towriteorexpresssth.usingfewerwords;toreducetheamountoftimethatittakesforsth.tohappenorbedone缩短，精简e.g.Shecompressedtwomonths'workintoone.DetailedStudy9)

(Para.4)Betweentheperiodsofconstructionthegroundhadtimetosettleandbecomecompacted,makingthefoundationsstronger:Duringtheintervalsbetweenconstructionthegroundhadtimetoslowlyadjustandbecomecompressed,whichmadethefoundationsbecamestronger.【译文】在建塔的间隙，地面慢慢下陷、压紧，地基由此变得更加坚固。foundationn.

(usuallypl.)ofbricks,concrete.etc.formingthesolidundergroundbaseofabuilding地(房)基，基础e.g.Theflooddisplacedthehousesfromtheirfoundations.Thebuilderspouredasolidfoundationofconcrete.Thehugelorriesshookthefoundationsofthehouse.DetailedStudy10)

(Para.4)Anotherimportantfactoristhematerialitisbuiltfrom;thelimestoneandlimemortarareabletobendandresisttheforcesthatwouldmakeother,morebrittlerocks,crack:Anotherkeyelementliesinitsbuildingmaterial-limestoneandlimemortarwhichareflexibleandareabletowithstandtheforcesthatmightbreakotherlessflexiblerocks.【译文】另一重要因素是建塔的材料是石灰石和石灰砂浆，它们能够弯曲并抵抗巨大的外力，不像其他易碎石料，遇外力时会突然断裂。brittleadj.

hardbuteasilybroken;fragile易碎的，脆弱的e.g.Thismaterialishighlybrittle.Thebranchesweredryandbrittle.crackv.tobreakwithoutdividingintoseparateparts;tobreaksth.inthisway(使)开裂，破裂e.g.Don'tputboilingwaterintheglassoritwillcrack.Shefellandcrackedaboneinherleg.DetailedStudy11)

(Para.5)In1934,anItalianengineerdrilled361holesintothebaseandfilledthemwithmortar.【译文】1934年，有个意大利建筑师在塔底钻了361个孔，并在其中灌入灰泥。drillv.(1)

tomakeaholeinsth.usingadrill钻洞，打孔e.g.Thefarmersdrilledwellsforwater.They'redrillinganewtunnelundertheThames.(2)

totrainstudentssportsplayersetc.bymakingthemrepeatthesamelesson,exercise,etc.manytimes训(操)练e.g.Theteacherdrilledtheclassinpronunciation.Thewell-drilledcrewmanagedtorescuemostofthepassengers.DetailedStudy12)

(Para.5)Theyfrozethegroundusingliquidnitrogen,tostopitmoving,andthenstartedtoremovestones,sotheycouldinsertmetalrods.【译文】他们先用液化氮冷冻地基防止塔身移动，然后将地基中的石块挖出以便插人金属杠。freezev.(1)

tobecomehard,ortochangefromliquidtosolid,asaresultofextremecold;tomakesth.dothis使冻结，凝固e.g.Thecoldweatherfrozethelake.Theclotheswerefrozenonthewashing-line.(2)

tostopmovingsuddenlybecauseoffear,etc.惊(吓)呆e.g.Iheardasoundandfrozeinmytracks.Shefrozehernoisychildrenwithasinglelook.Thepoliceofficershouted“Freeze!"andthemandroppedthegun.DetailedStudy12)

(Para.5)Theyfrozethegroundusingliquidnitrogen,tostopitmoving,andthenstartedtoremovestones,sotheycouldinsertmetalrods.【译文】他们先用液化氮冷冻地基防止塔身移动，然后将地基中的石块挖出以便插人金属杠。insertv.(1)toputsth.insideorintosth.else插人e.g.Theyinsertedatubeinhismouthtohelphimbreathe.(2)toaddsth.tothemiddleofadocumentorpieceofwriting(在文章中)插入，添写e.g.Thebookwouldbeimprovedbyinsertinganotherchapter.n.thinginserted,especiallyanadditionalsectioninabook,newspaper,etc.插入物(尤指书、报等的插页)e.g.Themagazinecontainsaspecialinsertaboutholidaysabroad.DetailedStudy13)

(Para.5)Thatisthenearestthetowerhascometodisaster:Thatwastheclosestthetowercametobeingdestroyed.【译文】那是斜塔最危险的一次遭遇，整个塔差一点就毁了。cometo

todevelopsothataparticularsituationexists,usuallyabadone发展至e.g.Thedoctorswilloperateifitprovesnecessarybutitmaynotcometothat.Allthoseyearsofstudying,andintheenditallcametonothing.14)(Para.5)Inonenighttheleanincreasedasmuchasitnormallyincreasesintwoyears:Overnight,theleangrewtoanextentwhichwouldtaketwoyearstoreachatthenormalrate.【译文】一夜之间塔身倾斜到按理两年后才会达到的斜度。asmuchas(1)多达……，达到……那种程度(表具体数量，后常跟具体数量词)e.g.Infactitcostsmeasmuchas2,000dollars,whichismymonthlysalary.Shetrainedhardfortherace,sometimesrunningasmuchas100milesaweek.(2)几乎等于，和……差不多(表模糊数量，通常不跟具体数量词)e.g.Ihaven'tgotasmuchmoneyasIthought.

Ifyouchargeasmuchasthat,youwillscareawaythecustomers.DetailedStudy15)(Para.6)Atthispointeveryonewasjustaboutreadytogiveup.ThenaBritishengineeringprofessorcameupwithyetanotheridea.【译文】就在大家要放弃时，一位英国工程师又提出了一个建议。16)

(Para.6)AtthebeginningofJune2001,theworkwascomplete,andthetowerhadbeenstraightenedupbyabout16inches,whichreturnsittothepositionitheldin1838:TheprojectwasfinishedatthebeginningofJune2001,andthetowerhasbeenstraightenedupbyabout16inches,returningittothepositionof1838.【译文】2001年6月初，工程竣工时塔体得以矫正约16英寸，恢复到了1838年时的状态。该句是一个并列句，主句是“theworkwascomplete”和“thetowerhadbeenstraightenedupby...”。第二个主句后跟的介词短语“byabout16inches”用来说明塔被矫正的程度，“which”引导的非限制性定语从句用来说明这次校正的成功之处。cometoDetailedStudystraightenv.(1)(~out)

tobecomestraight.ortomakesth.

straightorflat把……弄直，变直e.g.Hestraightenedthebentstrip.Eventhoughhetried,hecouldn'tstraightenouttherug.(2)(~up)

tomakesb.

orsth.straightandupright变(挺)直e.g.

Asshestraightenedup,theacheinherbackgrewworse.Hemanagedtostraightenupwithanairofstudiedeaseandcourage.(2)(~up)

tomakesth.

tidy整(清)理e.g.

Imuststraightenupthisroom,myguestsarecoming.holdv.

keep(oneself/sb./sth.)inthespecifiedpositionorcondition使……保持在某一位置或某种状况e.g.

Weusedrolled-upnewspaperstoholdthewindowsopen.Remembertoholdyourheadupandkeepyourbackstraight.Liftyourheadoffthefloorandholdthispositionforfiveseconds.DetailedStudy

17)(Para.6)So,iftheyknowhowwhydidn'ttheyjuststraightenitupalltheway?Theanswerliesinthetower'sname:Iftheyknowthesolutionwhydidn'ttheystraightenitupcompletely?Thekeyrestswithitsname.【译文】可他们要是知道如何矫正斜塔的话，为什么不干脆将它完全竖直呢？答案在于此塔的名字。

alltheway(1)(tocontinueanaction)untilcompleted;(togo)thewholedistance自始至终，一直e.g.Shedidn'tspeakawordtomeallthewaybackhome.Thetworunnerscontestedtheracecloselyanditwasnipandtuckalltheway.(2)completely完全地e.g.Youcanfeelthattheaudienceiswithheralltheway./I'llbackyouupalltheway.18)

(Para.6)SomeoftheresidentsofPisasayitwouldbebettertoletitfalldown,ratherthantostraightenitalltheway:SomeofthecitizensofPisawouldratherletitcollapsethancompletelystraightenit.【译文】一些比萨市民认为，与其不断尝试矫正塔身不如任其倒塌。StructureStudyFromword&sentencetotextSTRUCTURESTUDY

SummaryoftheTextDirections:Thetextcanbedividedintofourparts.Fillintheblankswithappropriatewordsfromthetexttocompletethemainideaofeachpart.PartsParagraphsMainIdeasPart1Para.1Afterbeing1)closed

tothepublicfor11years,thefamousleaningtowerofPisa—anoutstandingexampleofRomanesque2)architecture

hasbeencorrectedalittle,butnot3)entirely.Part2Para.2Theconstructionwasbegunin1173withthemoneydonatedbyBertadiBernadotobuildabelltowerto4)accompany

thecathedral,andwascompletedin1350afterseveralstopsbecauseoftheinvolvementofalotof5)wars.Part3Paras.3—4Becausethetowerwasbuilton6)unsuitable

ground,itwasleaningonly5yearsafterworkonthebuildingbegan.Luckily,ithasn’tfallenduetothegreatlengthof7)time

spentonconstructionandthematerialitisbuiltfrom.Part4Paras.5—6Afterseveral8)disastrous

attemptsatstoppingthetowerfrom9)falling,aBritishengineeringprofessorcameupwithanotheridea-removinggroundfromunderthe10highside.Finallythetowerhadbeenstraighteneduptosomedegree.DetailedStudy

Directions:Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtothetext.WriteTfortrueandFforfalse.1)F

TheLeaningTowerofPisawasdeliberatelybuilttoleantowinworld-widefame.2)

T

TheconstructionoftheLeaningTowerofPisawashaltedseveraltimesbecauseofwars.3)T

TheLeaningTowerofPisastartedtoleanbecauseitwasbuiltonanunevengeographicalstructure

madeupofsandandclay.4)F

PeopletriedthreetimestocorrecttheleaningofthePisaTowerfrom1934to1995,butnothingworked

atall.5)

T

Accordingtothewriter,thelatestattempttocorrecttheleaningofthetowerfrom1999didn'tstraighten

itupcompletelybecausepeopledidn'twantitto.03After-readingAfter-reading点击此处输入文字内容KeystoExercisesAfter-readingActivityKeystoExercisesKeytoExercises—Vocabulary1.1)noticeably2)busload

3)

parallel

4)residents5)architect6)inserting 7)straightening

8)promptly

9)compresses10)circular2.1)Germanywasatwarwithmostofthecountriesintheworld.2)Thetwolinesareparallelwitheachother.3)Youreyesshouldbelevelwiththetopofthescreen.4)Helefthisjoblargelyduetothefactthathewashomesick.

5)Socialreformerssometimescomeupwithsomeblue-skythoughts.6)Mydogwalkedbesidemeallthewaytotheriverside.KeystoExercisesKeytoExercises—Structure1.1)Itisestimatedthatthetreeisatleast700yearsold.2)Itwasestimatedthatthefilmcost25milliondollarstomake.3)Itwasestimatedthatthecostofrepairswas150dollars.4)Itisestimatedthatbetween70and90percentofcarcrimesoccurinthedaytime.5)Itisestimatedthatitisabout200mileslong.6)Itwasestimatedthathisincomewasabout$80,000dollarsayear.2.1)onlyreflectingthesunlightshiningonit2)theeggsheldcarefullyinherhand3)Circumstanceschanged4)Havingconsideredboththebrightsideandthedarkside5)Allflightsbeing/havingbeencancelledbecauseofthesnowstormKeystoExercisesKeytoExercises—Cloze1)E2)I3)F4)K5)G6)D7)L8)J9)N10)CKeytoExercises—TranslationTheLeaningTowerofPisaisoneofthemosticonicarchitecturallandmarksintheworld.TheRomanesquetowerofthePisaCathedralhasbeensinkingintothegroundsinceitsconstruction,causingittonoticeablyleantooneside.ThousandsofvisitorstraveltoPisaeveryyearforaglimpseofthefamousstructure.ThoughtheTowerhadbeenclosedtovisitorsduringthe1990s,successfulrenovationallowedofficialstoreopenitin2001.After-readingActivityActivityOne:TalkingaboutPicturesDirections:Architectureiscomparedtomusicinspace,whichreflectstheculture,valuesandhistoryofacountry.Whenwetalkaboutfamousarchitectureintheworld,whatimagescomeintoyourmind?Arethey

amongthefollowingpictures?Talkaboutthefollowingpictures,andsharewhatyouknowaboutthem

withyourclassmates.After-readingActivityActivityTwo:PairWorkDirections:Beijing,anintegralpartofChina'shistoryforcenturies,isrenownedforitsopulentpalacesandtemples.Buttheearly21stcenturyhaswitnessedtremendousgrowthofnewbuildingconstructions,whichbringsamixtureofbotholdandnewstylesofarchitecture.ButifaskedtochooseonlyonlyonearchitecturetorepresentBeijing,whichonewouldyouchoose?TheForbiddenCity,theGreatWall,theBirdsNestortheBeijingNationalTheatre?Discusswithyourpartnerandpresentyourideasinclass.After-readingActivityActivityThree:GroupWorkDirections:Inthe21stcentury,Chinaisfacingthecollisionandfusionbetweenlocalandforeigncultures,andthatbetweenmodernityandtradition.Architecturewithitsdistinctiveculturalnatureisinvoluntarilydrivenalongwithalltheothersbythiswave.So,doyouthinkmodemarchitecturecanexistinharmonywithtraditionalarchitecture?Whatshouldbegivenpriority,thepreservationofChinesetraditionalarchitectureortheconstructionofmodembuildings?Andwhy?04AdditionalMaterialsAdditionalMaterialsActivityOneActivityTwoBackgroundInformationDirections:Thepicturesbelowmustbefamiliartoyou.Theyarethemostrecognizableimagesofthemodernworldandthemostphotographed.Let’sworktogethertofindouttheirnamesandlocations,aswellastheyeartheywereconstructed.Feelfreetoshareanythingyouknowaboutthem.ActivityOneActivityOneTips:Colosseum

(Rome),

80ADSydneyOperaHouse,1973St.

Paul’sCathedral,London,

1708LeaningTowerofPisa,

1372PetronasTower,KualaLumpur,1996TajMahal,India,1648ActivityTwoDirections:Architectureistheartoftellingstories.Sometimes,thestoryofwhathappenedinthatbuildingalsobecomespartofthebuilding.Youmightbefamiliarwiththefollowingcartoon.Workwithyourpartnertoreceivewhathappenedthatday.Tips:Accordingtothetraditionalaccount,torefutetheAristoteliannotionthatheavierobjectsfallfasterthanlightones,GalieoperformedanexperimentfromthetopoftheleaningtowerofPisa.Hedroppedtwospheresofdifferentweightandobservedthatbothhitthegroundatthesametime.Galileocorrectlyreasonedthatwhenanobjectfallsmoreslowly,itisduetoairresistance.

BackgroundInformation1.TheLeaningTowerofPisaTheLeaningTowerofPisa,orsimplyTheTowerofPisa,isthecampanile,orfreestandingbelltower,ofthecathedraloftheItaliancityofPisa.Itissituat