英语国家概况课件 Britain The Education

BritainTheEducationContents

1.Introduction2.EducationalSystem3.HigherEducation4.CurrentProblems1.Introduction•Educationiscompulsoryforallchildrenbetweentheagesof5and17.•About93%ofallchildrenattendpublicschoolsandthereststudyingatprivateschools.•TheNationalCurriculumwasintroducedintheeducationalsystemofGreatBritainin1988.•Pupilstodaymustlearn10subjects.●EducationalPolicy•toprovidechildrenwithliteracyandtheotherbasicskillstheywillneedtobecomeactivemembersofsociety;•tosocializechildren:theylearnrulesandvaluestheyneedtobecomegoodcitizens,toparticipateinthecommunity,andtocontributetotheeconomicprosperityofanadvancedindustrialeconomy.

•Britishchildrenarerequiredbylawtohaveaneducationuntiltheyare16yearsold.•Educationiscompulsory.1.Introduction●Thepurposeofeducation:1.Introduction●Curriculum

Allgovernment-runschools,stateschools,followthesameNationalCurriculum.●TheSchoolYearTheschoolyearrunsfromSeptembertoJulyandis39weekslong.Formanyareastheyearisdividedintothreeterms:•SeptembertoDecember•JanuarytoMarch•ApriltoJuly1.Introduction●Schoolholidays

●Themainschoolholidaysare:•Christmas-2weeks•Spring-2weeks•Summer-6weeks

●Therearealsooneweekholidays:•endofOctober•midFebruary•endofMay●Thepresenteducationsystem•stateschools:fundedbylocalandcentralgovernment•privateschools•publicschools=independentschools2.EducationalSystem2.EducationalSystem●

Levelsofeducation

•Beforeage5:pre-primaryschoolingsuchasnurseryschools,daycareorplaygroups•age5-11:Primaryschoolco-educationalschools/mixedschools•age11-19:secondaryschool•grammarschools:pupilswhoshowacademicpotentialareselectedthroughanexaminationcalled“the11-plus”(age11).Theyconcentratetheirstudyonadvancedacademicworkratherthanthemoregeneralcurriculumofthecomprehensiveschools(NorthernIreland)•secondarymodernschools:pupilswhofailtogethighmarksin“the11-plus”examinationcangotothiskindofschool.Theseschoolsaresupposedtobeofloweracademiclevelsandpreparepupilsforhighereducationaswellasforpracticalwork.•comprehensiveschools:providegeneraleducation.Pupilcanstudyeverythingfromacademicsubjectslikeliteratureandsciences,tomorepracticalsubjectslikecookingandcarpentry.●Typesofsecondaryschool2.EducationalSystem●Examinationsaftersecondaryeducation•age16:GCSEexams(GeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation•A-levels(GeneralCertificateofEducation-Advanced)2.EducationalSystem3.HighereducationTherearemorethan100universitiesinBritain.AllBritishuniversitiesarepartiallyfundedbycentralgovernmentgrants,exceptBuckinghamUniversityandBPPUniversityCollege.Britain’suniversitiesarelegallyindependentandenjoycompleteacademicfreedom.•TheUniversityofOxford,theoldestuniversityintheEnglish-speakingworldandtheworld’ssecondoldestsurvivinguniversity.•Itconsistsof39constituentcollegesandafullrangeofacademicdepartmentswhichareorganizedintofourdivisions.

●OxfordUniversity3.Highereducation•MostundergraduateteachingatOxfordisorganizedaroundweeklytutorialsattheself-governingcolleges.•OxfordisthehomeoftheRhodesScholarship,theuniversityoperatestheworld’soldestuniversitymuseum,aswellasthelargestuniversitypress.

●OxfordUniversity3.Highereducation•IthasthelargestacademiclibrarysysteminBritain.•Oxfordhaseducatedatleast12Kingsfromeightcountries,6KingsofEngland,69NobelPrizewinners,53presidentsandprimeministersfrom19countries,including25BritishPrimeministers(13ofwhomwerefromChristChurchCollege),12saints,86archbishops,and18cardinals.

●OxfordUniversity3.Highereducation●CambridgeUniversity•ItisoneofthelargestinBritain.•Itisthesecond-oldestuniversityintheEnglish-speakingworldandtheworld’sfourth-oldestsurvivinguniversity.3.Highereducation●CambridgeUniversity•Cambridgeisformedfrom31constituentcollegesandconsistsofover100academicdepartments.•CambridgeUniversityPressistheworld’soldestpublishinghouseandthesecond-largestuniversitypressintheworld.3.Highereducation●CambridgeUniversity•CambridgeUniversityhasmanydistinguishedalumni,including4Kings,15BritishPrimeministers,atleast30presidentsandprimeministersfromIreland,India,Australia,SouthAfrica,SoutheastAsia,SouthKorea,Poland,Jordanandothercountriesorregions,andmorelikeNewton,Darwin,Keynesandothermodernscientificpioneers.3.Highereducation●ThemaingroupsofBritishuniversities

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Theolduniversities:Oxbridge-OxfordandCambridge(theoldest)

3.Highereducation

●Theredbrickuniversities:1850-1930

3.HighereducationUniversityofBirminghamUniversityofLiverpoolUniversityofManchesterUniversityofBristolUniversityofSheffieldUniversityofLeeds

●Thenewuniversities:AfterWWIIaltogether:46universities,35inEngland,8inScotland,2inNorthernIreland,and1inWales.

3.Highereducation●