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2023年全国英语竞赛《C类本科生》初赛试题及答案
[单选题]1.Thereare15incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreach
blanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethat
bestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronthe
answersheetwithasingle1inethroughthecentre.Readingthelines,
IwouldsaythattheGovernmentaremoreworriedthantheywilladmit.
A.cilong
B.among
C.between
D.behind
正确答案:C
参考解析:句意:从言外之意来看,我想说政府比他们承认的更为担心。read
betweenthelines是固定搭配,意为“找出或发觉字里行间的言外之意”。故
选C。
[单选题]2.Inthephenomenonofatomicfission,thenucleusis
twopiecesofappropriatelyequalmass.
A.combinedwith
B.coincidingwith
C.falleninto
D.splitinto
正确答案:D
参考解析:句意:在原子裂变现象中,原子核被分裂成质量相当的两块。split
into分成:将一个整体分成若干部分。combinewith与...结合:将两个或多
个事物连接在一起。coincidewith与同时发生;与一致。fallinto
陷入:指进入某种状态或情况。根据句意可知此处指的是原子核的分裂。故选
Do
[单选题]4.Whenconfrontedwithsuchquestions,mymindgoes,and
Icanhardlyremembermyowndateofbirth.
A.blank
B.dim
C.faint
D.vain
正确答案:A
参考解析:句意:当面对这样的问题时,我的大脑一片空白,我几乎不记得自
己的出生日期。blank空白的,空的;茫然的。dim暗淡的,昏暗的;模糊的。
faint模糊的,微弱的;微小的。vain虚荣的,自负的;徒劳的。根据句意可
知,此处指的是大脑一片空白。故选A。
[单选题]5.ItscharmandmildclimatehavemadeSanFrancisco,
California,cityforbothbusinessandresidences.
A.acrowded
B.anappealing
C.anappropriate
D.aprofitable
正确答案:B
参考解析-:句意:加利福尼亚州的旧金山迷人且温和的气候使其成为一个吸引
人的商业和住宅城市。appealing吸引人的,有感染力的。crowded拥挤的。
appropriate合适的,相称的。profitable盈利的,有利可图的;有益的。根
据句意可知此处指的是这座城市吸引人。故选B。
[单选题]6.Respectforthelawisthefoundationofcivilizedsociety,
breaksitwillbepunished.
A.Whoever
B.Who
C.Personwho
D.Nomatterwho
正确答案:A
参考解析:!意:尊重法律是文明社会的基础。无论谁违反了它都会受到惩
罚。分析句子结构可知,此处为主语从句,从句中缺少主语、且指的是人,有
表示“无论”的意思,应该用连接代词whoever,且在名词性从句中不可替换成
nomatterwho。故选A。
[单选题]7.studentscanstudyinthe“hotmajors,becausethe
numberofthese“hotmajors"__quitelimited.
A.Afew;shouldbe
B.Notmany;are
C.Onlyafew;is
D.Quiteafew;hasbeen
正确答案:C
参考解析:句意:只有少数学生可以学习“热门专业”,因为这些“热门专
业”的数量非常有限。第二空主语为被thenumber修饰,应该用单数形式,排
除B项。shouldbe表示“应该”,不符合句意,排除A项。根据句意可知此处
描述的是客观事实,应该用一般现在时,排除D项。故选C。
[单选题]8.receivingfinancialsupportfromfamily,communityor
thegovernmentisallowed,itisneveradmired.
A.As
B.Although
C.Lest
D.Once
正确答案:B
参考解析:句意:虽然我们被允许接受家庭、社区或政府的经济支持,但这永
远不会受到赞赏。根据句意可知,主从句之间存在转折关系,此处应该为让步
状语从句。故选B。
[单选题]9.Thesportsmeet,originallyduetobeheldlastFriday,was
finallybecauseofthebadweather.
A.brokenout
B.calledoff
C.setoff
D.wornout
正确答案:B
参考解析:句意:原定于上星期五举行的运动会由于天气不好而取消了。call
off停止原计划的进行,终止某个活动或事件。breakdown分解;崩溃;故
障。setoff出发,启程;引发;激起。wearout磨损;使精疲力竭。根据句
意可知,此处表示的是活动取消。故选B。
[单选题]10.OnedayI___anewspaperarticleabouttheretirementof
anEnglishprofessoratanearbystatecollege.
A.cameacross
B.devotedto
C.putforward
D.setup
正确答案:A
参考解析:句意:一天,我在报纸上看到一篇关于附近一所州立大学一位英语
教授退休的文章。comeacross偶然遇见。devoteto致力于。putfcoward提
出建议、观点或计划。setup建立;安装;布置。故选A。
[单选题]ILWhensnowontopofabuildingduringthewinter,the
sometimesweakenstheconstructionandoccasionallycausesthe
rooftocollapse.
A.scatters;height
B.melts;process
C.falls;intensity
D.accumulates;weight
正确答案:D
参考解析:高意:冬天,当积雪积聚在建筑物顶部时,其重量有时会削弱建筑
物,偶尔会导致屋顶倒塌。accumulate积累,积攒。scatter撒,播撒;
(使)散开。melt(使)熔化,融化;(逐渐)减少,消失。fall跌落,降
落。根据语境可知,此处指的是雪积累起来积少成多也会压垮屋顶。故选D。
[单选题]12.Charleswasn'tappointedchairmanofthefoundation,
notverypopularwithallitsmembers.
A.beingconsidered
B.considering
C.havingconsidered
D.tobeconsidered
正确答案:A
参考解析-:句意:查尔斯由丁在所有成员中并不是特别受欢迎,没有被选为基
金会的主席。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语动词作状语,其中非谓语动词
consider与句子的主语之间为被动关系,B、C语态错误。D选项为将来时,而
根据句意可知这里表示的是现在的事实。故选A。
[单选题]13.peopleoftendesiredifferentgoalsandobjects,it
isunderstandablethatonepersonmayfindjoyinrepairingan
automobile,___anothermayfindjoyinsolvingamathproblem.
A.Although;so
B.For;if
C.Since;while
D.When;however
正确答案:C
参考解析:句意:人们往往渴望不同的目标和对象,这是可以理解的,一个人
可能会从修理汽车中找到乐趣,而另一个人可能会从解决数学问题中找到乐
趣。根据oneperson和another可知,此处是以两个人为例进行对比,通常情
况下会用连词while表示两者间的对比,且根据句意可知,此处这两个不同选
择的例子是为了说明人们渴望的东西不一样,前后属于因果关系。故选C。
[单选题]14.一Don'tyouthinkathirty-minutelunchbreakistoo
short?
—Yeah?
—Ithinkthirtyminutesislongenoughforlunch.
A.NeitherdoI.
B.Youareabsolutelyright.
C.That'swhatFmtryingtosay.
D.Well,I'mnotsosureaboutit.
正确答案:D
参考解析:横线前提问三十分钟的时间吃午饭不短吗?对话的后面对方回答觉
得三十分钟的时间完全足够了,说明他不赞同这个人的疑问,只有D项符合语
境。故选D。
[单选题]15.—Hey,youlookgreat.Haveyoubeenexercising?
一Yeah,everydayforthelastthreemonths.
一Well,itmustbesohardtoexerciseforsolong.
一Itis,butIwanttolookgood.Andyouknow.
A.practicemakesperfect
B.nopain,nogain
C.geniusbeginswithdiligence
D.timeflies
正确答案:B
参考解析:横线前两人在讨论运动,根据两人对话可知,虽然锻炼很辛苦,但
是为了保持身体健康还是会坚持,B项“一分耕耘,一分收获"最符合语境。A
项意为“熟能生巧”。C项意为“天才始于勤奋”。D项意为“时光飞逝”。故
选Bo
[问答题]1.SectionA(5marks)
TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.Writetheansweron
theanswersheet.
Chinesehistorianscoinedtheterm“SpringandAutumnPeriod”to
refertothefirsthalfoftheEasternZhouDynastyandtheterm
uWarringStatesPeriod“foritssecondhalfrespectively.Great
changestookplaceduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodandproductive
forcesadvancedatanunprecedentedspeed.PeopleJsabilityto
understandandovercomenatureincreasedrapidlyandgreat
achievementsweremadeincultureandscience.TheSpringandAutumn
Periodwasatimeofgreatsocialtransformationwhichproducedgreat
thinkersandeducatorssuchasLaoziandConfuciusandmilitary
strategistssuchasSunWu.Theirtheorieshavehadaprofoundimpact
onlatergenerations.TheBookofSongs,whichwasmostlycompleted
duringtheWesternZhouDynastyandtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,is
knownforitsgreatinfluenceonChineseliterature.
正确答案:中国历史学家创造了“春秋时期”和“战国时期”两个名称分别
指代东周的前半时期和后半时期。在春秋时期,社会发生了巨大变革,生产力
得到前所未有的提高。人们理解、战胜自然的能力快速发展,在文化和科学方
面取得了巨大的成就。春秋时期是一个社会急速转变的时期,涌现出许多伟大
的思想家、教育家,如老子和孔子,还有军事家,如孙武。他们的论述对后世
产生了深邃的影响。基本上在西周和春秋时期完成的《诗经》也因其对中国文
学的巨大影响而著称。
参考解析:翻译要点:①coin意为“创造新词,首次使用”。此处注意区别名
词词义,这里作句子的谓语动词。②第一句较长,and连接两个并列句,主要解
释了两个名称的含义,所以在翻译时可以恰当合并,避免语言重复。③
pruduclive[orces意为"生产力”。④第三句翻译时注意将被动语态转换为主
动语态。⑤第四句中which引导定语从句修饰先行词transformation,翻译时
注意恰当转化。⑥最后一句中,TheBookofSongs意为“《诗经》”,此句中
插入了非限制性定语从句,转换为句子主语的定语。
[问答题]2.SectionB(10marks)
TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Writetheansweron
theanswersheet.
对年轻的创业者而言,要取得巨大成功,最重要也最难的,或许就是有个好创
意。时刻留意并及时识别绝妙的新想法是关键。另一方面,有些年轻人似乎更
多是依靠勤奋和坚持而非灵感获得成功。对任何年龄的企业家而言,重要的是
要勇于冒险、相信自己、灵活变通、全力以赴。
正确答案:Possiblythemostimportantandhardestcomponentof
greatsuccessforyoungentrepreneursisagreatcreativeidea.
Keepinganeyeoutforandrecognizingabrilliantideaisthekey.
Ontheotherhand,someyoungpeopleseemtosucceedthroughhard
workandperseverancemorethaninspiration.Forentrepreneursofany
age,whatisimportantistobeboldtotakerisks,believein
themselves,beflexible,anddotheirbest.
参考解析:翻译要点:①第一句在翻译时需注意,首先主句在后半句,翻译时
前半句作为状语放在句尾更合适,另外,主语需要在翻译的时候进行补充,
co叩onent意为“部分”,可以作为本句的主语。②第二句在翻译时可以采用非
谓语动词作主语,“留意”可译为keepaneyeoutfor。③“勤奋”可译为
perseveranceo④最后一句在翻译时可以转换为主语从句,不定式作表语,注
意后面的动词并列,形式一致。
[问答题]3.TherearefiveIQTestquestionsinthispart.Writethe
answersontheanswersheet.
WhatdoestheunderlinedphrasemeaninChinese?
A:Icouldn,tbelievethathappened!
B:Iknow.Areyougoingtosaysomething?
A:No,I'mgoingtobitemytongue.
正确答案:保持沉默
参考解析:B问“你打算说些什么吗?",A回答“不",说明他不打算说任何
话,所以这里表示的是“保持沉默”。
[问答题]4.Whatisthenextnumber?
4832512131072?
正确答案:8589934592
参考解析:解法一:观察可以发现规律,每个数字与其半数相乘,得出后一位
数字,131072的半数为65536,131072X65536二8589934592。解法二:题目已
知数字可以看作22,23,25,29,217,再考虑数列2,3,5,9,17的规律,3=2
X2-1,5=3X2-1,9=5X2—1,17=9X2-1,即后一个数是前一个数的2倍
减1,因此下个数应该是17X2—1=33,即2”=8589934592。
[问答题]5.Atanygatheringwhere,morethantwopeoplearepresent,
therewillbeatleasttwopeoplewhohaveexactlythesamenumberof
friendspresent.Isthistrueorfalse?
正确答案:It'strue.
参考解析:本题问“在一个多于两人的聚会中,至少有两人在这群人中的朋友
数相同”正确与否。本题可采用反证法,如果结论错误,那么聚会中的每个人
的朋友数都不一样,假设聚会人数为n,则朋友数为0,1,2,3,4,……,n
-lo但0和n-l不可能同时存在,因为如果出席者当中有人一个朋友也没有
的同时不可能有人认识所有人。因此在按要求列出朋友数时必然有某个数字会
出现两次。_
[问答题]6.Canyousolvetherebus(画谜)v/ordproblemillustrated
below?
VEJUSTYOU
正确答案:Justbetweenyouandme.
参考解析:题中JUST一词位于YOU和ME之间,因此为Justbetweenyouand
me,意为“不要外传”。
[问答题]7.Whichpatternismadewhenthefirsttwopatternsareput
together?
正确答案:E
参考解析;题干问两个图形合在一起形成的是什么图形。A项错误,第二张图外
面的黑色圆圈与正方形里的三个黑色圆心在不同的顶点上。B项错误,第一张图
中黑色圆心大小不一致。C项错误,第一张图中横线长度不一致。D项错误,第
二张图黑色长方形大小不一致。E项正确,图形为两者顺时针或者逆时针旋转
180度后形成。故选E。
[问答题]8.SectionA(10marks)
Writea120-wordreportonthenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy
capacityinChina.Writethereportontheanswersheet.
正确答案:【参考范文】
Theabovechartshowsusthenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy
capacityduringJanuaryandSeptemberin2022.Italsotellsusthe
futuredevelopmenttrendofnewenergyinChina.
Amongallkindsofenergy,thenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy
accountsfornearly80percent.It'snotsurprisingtofindthat
solarenergyisthemainforceamongthesekindsofrenewableenergy,
accountsformorethan50percent,whilehydrogenenergyisequalto
windenergy.Itseemsthatpeoplearenotfamiliarwithbiomasspower,
whichaccountsforonly2.62mi1lionkiIowaIL.
Solarenergyhasbeenappliedinvariousareas,andwecanlearn
fromthechartthatotherrenewablecanalsobeauxiliarymeansin
future.
参考解析:题干要求写一篇关于中国新安装的可再生能源容量的报告。文章首
先点名调查报告的主题,接下来具体分析重要数据,新能源总体占比达到约
80%,其中太阳能占比最大,氢能与风能占比相当,而生物能目前使用最少。最
后进行总结。
[问答题]9.SectionB(20marks)
SomepeoplethinkTVcommercialsarehelpfulbecausetheysave
consumers'timebyprovidinginformationinaconvenientway.
However,someothersthinkthemajorityofadvertisingismisleading
andoftenconvincescustomerstopurchasewhattheydon,treally
need.
Doyoubelievethatadvertisingishelpfulorharmfultoconsumers?
6WRONG
Writea180-wordessaytoexpressyouropinions.Writetheessayon
theanswersheet.
正确答案:【参考范文】
Isadvertisinghelpfulorharmful?
TVcommercialsandotherkindsofadvertisementareallaround
ourlife,makingsomepeopleannoyedanddoubtwhetherweneedthem.
Whilesomepeoplemaycontendthatithasdetrimentaleffectaswell,
Iaminfavoroftheactiveaspectsofadvertising.
Myreasonsareasfollows.Firstandforemost,advertisementscan
offersomevideosorwordssothatwecanacquiremorecomprehensive
acknowledgeaboutthelatestproducts.Therefore,customerscanmake
theirshoppingexperiencemoreeconomicalandlesstime-consuming.
Moreover,elaborateadvertisementscanbeagenuineartform.Lastly,
someadvertisinginthemediacanmotivatepeopletocontributeto
charities.Inotherwords,Iwouldbehard-pressedtoimaginehow
chaiiLiescangelenoughfundswiIhouLLhehelpofnoii-proriLads.
Admittedly,advertisingmaycarrypotentialdrawbacks.Obviously,the
hugeprofitshavepromptedmanycompaniestopresentincorrect
informationabouttheirproducts.
Insummary,Iwouldconcedethattheproliferationofthe
advertisingindustryisnotwithoutitsadverseeffects.Overall,I
amconvincedthatweshouldfurtherpromotethedevelopmentof
advertisingandmeanwhilethegovernmentshouldintroducemeasuresto
regulatethisindustrymoreeffectively.
参考解析:题干要求就电视广告对消费者究竟有用还是有害写一篇文章。本文
开篇通过背景铺垫点明主题,并说明支持广告有益的态度。第二段阐述理由,
首先广告能帮助我们对最新的产品有更全面的了解,精心制作的广告可以是一
种真正的艺术形式,媒体上的一些广告可以激励人们为慈善事业捐款。同时指
出,广告中也有一些不实信息。最后一段总结全文,支持广告,但是也需要政
府等部门进行广告监管。
共享题干题
SectionA(5marks)
Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect
formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe
answersontheanswersheet,
risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because
州ABRANDY©Q
・HXVODKAHOoRILHKAd当
詈
M嗑
福
c.慌
暴d?
傕M
Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain
alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthats1owsdownthebody'scentral
nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto
thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe
brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe
controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects
coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas
quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.
Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood
alcoholuonueiilialiou,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffeeLsonthe
centralnervoussystemincrease.
Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.
Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa
diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.
changesinbodyorgans.
Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The
esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The
stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43._drinkers
canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh
bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver
cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops
44.,andthepersondies.
Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven
45..Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.
Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa
drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.
[填空题]1.()
正确答案:Eventually
参考解析:分析句子结构可知,后面为完整的句子,所以此处应该填入一个副
词作状语。又根据句意可知,此处表示的是酒精最终会到达大脑对我们的大脑
思考产生影响。故填入Eventually。
Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect
formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe
answersontheanswersheet,
risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because
^>nfBKiABKJINDYOtf
3KVODKAHORILKAdZS
盘L»■0
0
隰
嗝
第f
瑞
70Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain
alcohol.Alcoholisadrugihalslowsdownthebody9scentral
nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto
thestomachandsmallintestine.41.____,thealcoholreachesthe
brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe
controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects
coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan5treacttothingsas
quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.
Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood
alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe
centralnervoussystemincrease.
Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.
Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa
diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.___
changesinbodyorgans.
Alcoholabusecandamagethe1iningoftheesophagus.The
esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The
stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers
canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh
bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver
cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops
44.____,andthepersondies.
Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven
45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.
Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa
drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody一andinthemind.
[填空题]2.()
正确答案:harmful
参考解析:分析句子结构可知,横线前为动词,后面为名词,所以此史为形容
词修饰changes。而且根据句意可知,本段在讨论酗酒是一种疾病,所以带给人
的也是有害的变化。故填入harmful。
Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect
formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe
answersontheanswersheet.
risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because
Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain
alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral
nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto
thestomachandsmallintestine.41.___,thealcoholreachesthe
brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe
controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects
coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas
quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.
Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood
alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe
centralnervoussystemincrease.
Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.
Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa
diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.___
changesinbodyorgans.
Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The
esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The
stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers
canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh
bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver
cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops
44.,andthepersondies.
Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven
45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.
Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa
drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.
[填空题]3.()
正确答案:Heavy
参考解析:分析句子结构可知,句子成分完整,空格在主语名词前,所以此处
为形容词修饰名词drinkers。又根据上下文语境可知,本段在说明酗酒的危
害,所以这些人也是过度饮酒的人。故填入Heavy。
Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect
formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe
answersontheanswersheet.
risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because
*ARAMSBRANDY©4
2XVODKAHORILKA42
K^SCHNAPPSKIRSCH2S
ABSINTHE
ARMAGNACMEZKAL匚
ofISAVIAKnUMouioF"Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain
alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral
nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto
thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe
brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe
controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects
coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas
quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.
Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood
alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe
centralnervoussystemincrease.
Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.
Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa
diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.
changesinbodyorgans.
Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The
esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The
stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.____drinkers
canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh
bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver
cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops
44.,andthepersondies.
Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven
45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.
Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa
drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody——andinthemind.
[填空题]4.()
正确答案:functioning
参考解析:分析句子结构可知,空格前是动词stop,所以此处应该填入现在分
词。结合上下文语境可知,酒精会损害肝脏细胞,进而影响肝脏工作,最终致
死。故填入functioning.
Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect
formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe
answeisonLheanswersheet.
risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because
i>RIBK■ABRANDY0W
IXVODKAHORILKAa^
^SCHNAPPSKIRSCHzS
ABSINTHE
'ARMAGNACMEZKAL!
oflIAVIAKnuiviUUIO■Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain
alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral
nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto
thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe
brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe
controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects
coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas
quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.
Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood
alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe
centralnervoussystemincrease.
Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.
Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa
diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42._
changesinbodyorgans.
Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The
esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The
stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers
canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh
bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver
cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops
44.____,andthepersondies.
Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven
45..Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.
Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa
drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.
[填空题]5.()
正确答案:riskier
参考解析:分析句子结构可知,句子为主系表结构,横线处应该填入形容词作
表语。又因为横线前有even修饰该形容词,所以应该填入比较级形式,故填入
riskier。
【全文翻译】
啤酒、葡萄酒和威士忌都含有酒精。酒精是一种减缓人体中枢神经系统的
药物。当一个人喝酒时,酒精会迅速进入胃和小肠。最终,酒精到达大脑。它
会影响大脑的工作方式。端脑是大脑的控制中心。少量的酒精会影响协调性和
判断力,人们就不能像没喝酒时那样做出快速反应。
血液中的酒精含量称为血液酒精浓度,简称BAC。随着BAC的升高,对中枢
神经系统的影响也会增加。
有些人酗酒。这会导致上瘾。酗酒者依赖酒精。一些医生认为酗酒是一种
疾病,因为它和其他疾病一样,有症状,而且会导致身体器官的有害变化。
酗酒会损害食道内壁。食道是连接喉咙和胃的管道。胃和小肠也会受到影
响。酗酒者还会损害肾脏和心脏。许多饮酒者会患上高血压和心脏病。酒精损
害或破坏肝细胞。疤痕组织会取代健康的肝细胞,当肝脏停止了工作时,人就
死了。
饮酒的同时,如果服用其他药物,风险更大。甚至阿司匹林也能改变酒精
对人的影响。切勿将酒精与其他药物混用°永远记住酒精是一种毒品.即使是
一杯酒也会引起身体和心灵的变化。
SectionB(5marks)
Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordin
oneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusing
thecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)
oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.
Theworldwouldbeaverydifferentplaceiftheelevatorhadnot
beeninvented.Therewouldbefew,ifany,high-risebuildings
becausepeoplewould46.reftoclimballthestairs.Bythetime
employeesreachedtheirofficesonthetopfloors,itwouldbetime
togohome一iftheywerenottootiredforthelongwalkdown!
Inabout230B.C.,theGreekscientistArchimedesdevelopedthe
world'sfirstelevator.Itwasasimpleplatformthatcouldbe
pulledupanddownwitharope.Anelevatorlikethiswasusedmuch
laterbytwelfth-centurypriestswholivedonamountaintopat
MetereoinGreece.Becausetheywere47.___(fright)ofthieves,
thepriestshadnotbuiltanystairsupthemountain.Theonlywayup
wasbytheelevator,whichthepriestsoperatedfromthetopofthe
mountain.Intheeighteenthcentury,aFrenchmannamedVillayer
inventeda“flyingchair”,whichusedaropeandaplatform.
However,iIalsousedacounleiweighlinashaftlobalanceLhe
weightoftheelevator.Thiswasthefirstelevatorshaft.Anumber
ofrichpeoplehadtheseflyingchairsbuiltintheirhomes,
includingQueenAnneofEnglandatWindsorCastleandKingLouisXVI
ofFranceatVersailles.48.(fortunate),Louis'sdaughterwas
sobadlyhurtwhenusingoneofthesechairsthat,infearofbeing
punished,Villayerdisappeared.日Themain
problemforelevatordesignerswasthat49.___humansoranimals
hadtopulltheropes.Thiswasnotsolveduntilthediscoveryof
steampower.However,evensteam-poweredelevatorwerenotalways
safebecausetheystillusedropes,whichsometimesbroke.Then,in
1854,AmericaninventorElishaOtiscameupwithawayofpreventing
theelevatorfromfailingiftheropesbroke.Therehedesignedand
installedwhathecalledtheusafetyhoist,thefirstelevator50.
___(equip)withanautomaticsafetydevicetopreventitfrom
fallingiftheliftingchainorropebroke.In1857,hebuiltan
elevatorinalargeNewYorkdepartmentstore.Nowadayselevatorsuse
electricityandarecompletelysafe.
[填空题]6.()
正确答案:refuse
参考解析:分析句子结构可知,横线前为情态动词would,横线后为介词to,
所以此处应该为动词原形。又根据语境可知,前后存在因果关系,如果没有电
梯那么高楼大厦也会很少,因为人们不愿意爬高楼。故填入refuse。
Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordin
oneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusing
thecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)
oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.
Theworldwouldbeaverydifferentplaceiftheelevatorhadnot
beeninvented.Therewouldbefew,ifany,high-risebuildings
becausepeoplewould46.ref____toclimballthestairs.Bythetime
employeesreachedIheirofficesontheLopflouis,iLwouldbelime
togohome-iftheywerenottootiredforthelongwalkdown!
Inabout230B.C.,theGreekscientistArchimedesdevelopedthe
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