2023年全国英语竞赛《C类本科生》初赛试题及答案

2023年全国英语竞赛《C类本科生》初赛试题及答案

［单选题］1.Thereare15incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreach

blanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethat

bestcompletesthesentence.Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronthe

answersheetwithasingle1inethroughthecentre.Readingthelines,

IwouldsaythattheGovernmentaremoreworriedthantheywilladmit.

A.cilong

B.among

C.between

D.behind

正确答案：C

参考解析：句意：从言外之意来看，我想说政府比他们承认的更为担心。read

betweenthelines是固定搭配，意为“找出或发觉字里行间的言外之意”。故

选C。

［单选题］2.Inthephenomenonofatomicfission,thenucleusis

twopiecesofappropriatelyequalmass.

A.combinedwith

B.coincidingwith

C.falleninto

D.splitinto

正确答案：D

参考解析：句意：在原子裂变现象中，原子核被分裂成质量相当的两块。split

into分成：将一个整体分成若干部分。combinewith与...结合：将两个或多

个事物连接在一起。coincidewith与同时发生;与一致。fallinto

陷入：指进入某种状态或情况。根据句意可知此处指的是原子核的分裂。故选

Do

［单选题］4.Whenconfrontedwithsuchquestions,mymindgoes,and

Icanhardlyremembermyowndateofbirth.

A.blank

B.dim

C.faint

D.vain

正确答案：A

参考解析：句意：当面对这样的问题时，我的大脑一片空白，我几乎不记得自

己的出生日期。blank空白的，空的；茫然的。dim暗淡的，昏暗的；模糊的。

faint模糊的，微弱的；微小的。vain虚荣的，自负的；徒劳的。根据句意可

知，此处指的是大脑一片空白。故选A。

［单选题］5.ItscharmandmildclimatehavemadeSanFrancisco,

California,cityforbothbusinessandresidences.

A.acrowded

B.anappealing

C.anappropriate

D.aprofitable

正确答案：B

参考解析-：句意：加利福尼亚州的旧金山迷人且温和的气候使其成为一个吸引

人的商业和住宅城市。appealing吸引人的，有感染力的。crowded拥挤的。

appropriate合适的,相称的。profitable盈利的,有利可图的;有益的。根

据句意可知此处指的是这座城市吸引人。故选B。

［单选题］6.Respectforthelawisthefoundationofcivilizedsociety,

breaksitwillbepunished.

A.Whoever

B.Who

C.Personwho

D.Nomatterwho

正确答案：A

参考解析：!意：尊重法律是文明社会的基础。无论谁违反了它都会受到惩

罚。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语、且指的是人，有

表示“无论”的意思，应该用连接代词whoever,且在名词性从句中不可替换成

nomatterwho。故选A。

［单选题］7.studentscanstudyinthe“hotmajors,becausethe

numberofthese“hotmajors"__quitelimited.

A.Afew;shouldbe

B.Notmany;are

C.Onlyafew;is

D.Quiteafew;hasbeen

正确答案：C

参考解析：句意：只有少数学生可以学习“热门专业”，因为这些“热门专

业”的数量非常有限。第二空主语为被thenumber修饰，应该用单数形式，排

除B项。shouldbe表示“应该”,不符合句意，排除A项。根据句意可知此处

描述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，排除D项。故选C。

［单选题］8.receivingfinancialsupportfromfamily,communityor

thegovernmentisallowed,itisneveradmired.

A.As

B.Although

C.Lest

D.Once

正确答案：B

参考解析:句意：虽然我们被允许接受家庭、社区或政府的经济支持，但这永

远不会受到赞赏。根据句意可知，主从句之间存在转折关系，此处应该为让步

状语从句。故选B。

［单选题］9.Thesportsmeet,originallyduetobeheldlastFriday,was

finallybecauseofthebadweather.

A.brokenout

B.calledoff

C.setoff

D.wornout

正确答案：B

参考解析：句意：原定于上星期五举行的运动会由于天气不好而取消了。call

off停止原计划的进行，终止某个活动或事件。breakdown分解；崩溃；故

障。setoff出发，启程；引发；激起。wearout磨损；使精疲力竭。根据句

意可知，此处表示的是活动取消。故选B。

［单选题］10.OnedayI___anewspaperarticleabouttheretirementof

anEnglishprofessoratanearbystatecollege.

A.cameacross

B.devotedto

C.putforward

D.setup

正确答案：A

参考解析：句意：一天，我在报纸上看到一篇关于附近一所州立大学一位英语

教授退休的文章。comeacross偶然遇见。devoteto致力于。putfcoward提

出建议、观点或计划。setup建立；安装；布置。故选A。

［单选题］ILWhensnowontopofabuildingduringthewinter,the

sometimesweakenstheconstructionandoccasionallycausesthe

rooftocollapse.

A.scatters;height

B.melts;process

C.falls;intensity

D.accumulates;weight

正确答案:D

参考解析:高意：冬天，当积雪积聚在建筑物顶部时，其重量有时会削弱建筑

物，偶尔会导致屋顶倒塌。accumulate积累，积攒。scatter撒，播撒；

（使）散开。melt（使）熔化，融化；（逐渐）减少，消失。fall跌落，降

落。根据语境可知，此处指的是雪积累起来积少成多也会压垮屋顶。故选D。

［单选题］12.Charleswasn'tappointedchairmanofthefoundation,

notverypopularwithallitsmembers.

A.beingconsidered

B.considering

C.havingconsidered

D.tobeconsidered

正确答案：A

参考解析-：句意：查尔斯由丁在所有成员中并不是特别受欢迎，没有被选为基

金会的主席。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，其中非谓语动词

consider与句子的主语之间为被动关系，B、C语态错误。D选项为将来时，而

根据句意可知这里表示的是现在的事实。故选A。

［单选题］13.peopleoftendesiredifferentgoalsandobjects,it

isunderstandablethatonepersonmayfindjoyinrepairingan

automobile,___anothermayfindjoyinsolvingamathproblem.

A.Although;so

B.For;if

C.Since;while

D.When;however

正确答案：C

参考解析：句意：人们往往渴望不同的目标和对象，这是可以理解的，一个人

可能会从修理汽车中找到乐趣，而另一个人可能会从解决数学问题中找到乐

趣。根据oneperson和another可知，此处是以两个人为例进行对比，通常情

况下会用连词while表示两者间的对比，且根据句意可知，此处这两个不同选

择的例子是为了说明人们渴望的东西不一样，前后属于因果关系。故选C。

［单选题］14.一Don'tyouthinkathirty-minutelunchbreakistoo

short?

—Yeah?

—Ithinkthirtyminutesislongenoughforlunch.

A.NeitherdoI.

B.Youareabsolutelyright.

C.That'swhatFmtryingtosay.

D.Well,I'mnotsosureaboutit.

正确答案:D

参考解析:横线前提问三十分钟的时间吃午饭不短吗？对话的后面对方回答觉

得三十分钟的时间完全足够了，说明他不赞同这个人的疑问，只有D项符合语

境。故选D。

［单选题］15.—Hey,youlookgreat.Haveyoubeenexercising?

一Yeah,everydayforthelastthreemonths.

一Well,itmustbesohardtoexerciseforsolong.

一Itis,butIwanttolookgood.Andyouknow.

A.practicemakesperfect

B.nopain,nogain

C.geniusbeginswithdiligence

D.timeflies

正确答案：B

参考解析：横线前两人在讨论运动，根据两人对话可知，虽然锻炼很辛苦，但

是为了保持身体健康还是会坚持，B项“一分耕耘，一分收获"最符合语境。A

项意为“熟能生巧”。C项意为“天才始于勤奋”。D项意为“时光飞逝”。故

选Bo

［问答题］1.SectionA(5marks)

TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.Writetheansweron

theanswersheet.

Chinesehistorianscoinedtheterm“SpringandAutumnPeriod”to

refertothefirsthalfoftheEasternZhouDynastyandtheterm

uWarringStatesPeriod“foritssecondhalfrespectively.Great

changestookplaceduringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodandproductive

forcesadvancedatanunprecedentedspeed.PeopleJsabilityto

understandandovercomenatureincreasedrapidlyandgreat

achievementsweremadeincultureandscience.TheSpringandAutumn

Periodwasatimeofgreatsocialtransformationwhichproducedgreat

thinkersandeducatorssuchasLaoziandConfuciusandmilitary

strategistssuchasSunWu.Theirtheorieshavehadaprofoundimpact

onlatergenerations.TheBookofSongs,whichwasmostlycompleted

duringtheWesternZhouDynastyandtheSpringandAutumnPeriod,is

knownforitsgreatinfluenceonChineseliterature.

正确答案：中国历史学家创造了“春秋时期”和“战国时期”两个名称分别

指代东周的前半时期和后半时期。在春秋时期，社会发生了巨大变革，生产力

得到前所未有的提高。人们理解、战胜自然的能力快速发展，在文化和科学方

面取得了巨大的成就。春秋时期是一个社会急速转变的时期，涌现出许多伟大

的思想家、教育家，如老子和孔子，还有军事家，如孙武。他们的论述对后世

产生了深邃的影响。基本上在西周和春秋时期完成的《诗经》也因其对中国文

学的巨大影响而著称。

参考解析：翻译要点：①coin意为“创造新词，首次使用”。此处注意区别名

词词义，这里作句子的谓语动词。②第一句较长，and连接两个并列句，主要解

释了两个名称的含义，所以在翻译时可以恰当合并，避免语言重复。③

pruduclive［orces意为"生产力”。④第三句翻译时注意将被动语态转换为主

动语态。⑤第四句中which引导定语从句修饰先行词transformation,翻译时

注意恰当转化。⑥最后一句中，TheBookofSongs意为“《诗经》”，此句中

插入了非限制性定语从句，转换为句子主语的定语。

［问答题］2.SectionB(10marks)

TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoEnglish.Writetheansweron

theanswersheet.

对年轻的创业者而言，要取得巨大成功，最重要也最难的，或许就是有个好创

意。时刻留意并及时识别绝妙的新想法是关键。另一方面，有些年轻人似乎更

多是依靠勤奋和坚持而非灵感获得成功。对任何年龄的企业家而言，重要的是

要勇于冒险、相信自己、灵活变通、全力以赴。

正确答案：Possiblythemostimportantandhardestcomponentof

greatsuccessforyoungentrepreneursisagreatcreativeidea.

Keepinganeyeoutforandrecognizingabrilliantideaisthekey.

Ontheotherhand,someyoungpeopleseemtosucceedthroughhard

workandperseverancemorethaninspiration.Forentrepreneursofany

age,whatisimportantistobeboldtotakerisks,believein

themselves,beflexible,anddotheirbest.

参考解析：翻译要点：①第一句在翻译时需注意，首先主句在后半句，翻译时

前半句作为状语放在句尾更合适，另外，主语需要在翻译的时候进行补充，

co叩onent意为“部分”，可以作为本句的主语。②第二句在翻译时可以采用非

谓语动词作主语，“留意”可译为keepaneyeoutfor。③“勤奋”可译为

perseveranceo④最后一句在翻译时可以转换为主语从句，不定式作表语，注

意后面的动词并列，形式一致。

［问答题］3.TherearefiveIQTestquestionsinthispart.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet.

WhatdoestheunderlinedphrasemeaninChinese?

A:Icouldn,tbelievethathappened!

B:Iknow.Areyougoingtosaysomething?

A:No,I'mgoingtobitemytongue.

正确答案：保持沉默

参考解析：B问“你打算说些什么吗？"，A回答“不"，说明他不打算说任何

话，所以这里表示的是“保持沉默”。

［问答题］4.Whatisthenextnumber?

4832512131072?

正确答案：8589934592

参考解析：解法一：观察可以发现规律，每个数字与其半数相乘，得出后一位

数字，131072的半数为65536,131072X65536二8589934592。解法二：题目已

知数字可以看作22,23,25,29,217,再考虑数列2,3,5,9,17的规律，3=2

X2-1,5=3X2-1,9=5X2—1,17=9X2-1,即后一个数是前一个数的2倍

减1,因此下个数应该是17X2—1=33,即2”=8589934592。

［问答题］5.Atanygatheringwhere,morethantwopeoplearepresent,

therewillbeatleasttwopeoplewhohaveexactlythesamenumberof

friendspresent.Isthistrueorfalse?

正确答案：It'strue.

参考解析：本题问“在一个多于两人的聚会中，至少有两人在这群人中的朋友

数相同”正确与否。本题可采用反证法，如果结论错误，那么聚会中的每个人

的朋友数都不一样，假设聚会人数为n,则朋友数为0,1,2,3,4,……,n

-lo但0和n-l不可能同时存在，因为如果出席者当中有人一个朋友也没有

的同时不可能有人认识所有人。因此在按要求列出朋友数时必然有某个数字会

出现两次。_

［问答题］6.Canyousolvetherebus（画谜）v/ordproblemillustrated

below?

VEJUSTYOU

正确答案:Justbetweenyouandme.

参考解析：题中JUST一词位于YOU和ME之间，因此为Justbetweenyouand

me,意为“不要外传”。

［问答题］7.Whichpatternismadewhenthefirsttwopatternsareput

together?

正确答案：E

参考解析；题干问两个图形合在一起形成的是什么图形。A项错误，第二张图外

面的黑色圆圈与正方形里的三个黑色圆心在不同的顶点上。B项错误，第一张图

中黑色圆心大小不一致。C项错误，第一张图中横线长度不一致。D项错误，第

二张图黑色长方形大小不一致。E项正确，图形为两者顺时针或者逆时针旋转

180度后形成。故选E。

［问答题］8.SectionA(10marks)

Writea120-wordreportonthenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy

capacityinChina.Writethereportontheanswersheet.

正确答案：【参考范文】

Theabovechartshowsusthenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy

capacityduringJanuaryandSeptemberin2022.Italsotellsusthe

futuredevelopmenttrendofnewenergyinChina.

Amongallkindsofenergy,thenewlyinstalledrenewableenergy

accountsfornearly80percent.It'snotsurprisingtofindthat

solarenergyisthemainforceamongthesekindsofrenewableenergy,

accountsformorethan50percent,whilehydrogenenergyisequalto

windenergy.Itseemsthatpeoplearenotfamiliarwithbiomasspower,

whichaccountsforonly2.62mi1lionkiIowaIL.

Solarenergyhasbeenappliedinvariousareas,andwecanlearn

fromthechartthatotherrenewablecanalsobeauxiliarymeansin

future.

参考解析：题干要求写一篇关于中国新安装的可再生能源容量的报告。文章首

先点名调查报告的主题，接下来具体分析重要数据，新能源总体占比达到约

80%,其中太阳能占比最大，氢能与风能占比相当，而生物能目前使用最少。最

后进行总结。

［问答题］9.SectionB(20marks)

SomepeoplethinkTVcommercialsarehelpfulbecausetheysave

consumers'timebyprovidinginformationinaconvenientway.

However,someothersthinkthemajorityofadvertisingismisleading

andoftenconvincescustomerstopurchasewhattheydon,treally

need.

Doyoubelievethatadvertisingishelpfulorharmfultoconsumers?

6WRONG

Writea180-wordessaytoexpressyouropinions.Writetheessayon

theanswersheet.

正确答案：【参考范文】

Isadvertisinghelpfulorharmful?

TVcommercialsandotherkindsofadvertisementareallaround

ourlife,makingsomepeopleannoyedanddoubtwhetherweneedthem.

Whilesomepeoplemaycontendthatithasdetrimentaleffectaswell,

Iaminfavoroftheactiveaspectsofadvertising.

Myreasonsareasfollows.Firstandforemost,advertisementscan

offersomevideosorwordssothatwecanacquiremorecomprehensive

acknowledgeaboutthelatestproducts.Therefore,customerscanmake

theirshoppingexperiencemoreeconomicalandlesstime-consuming.

Moreover,elaborateadvertisementscanbeagenuineartform.Lastly,

someadvertisinginthemediacanmotivatepeopletocontributeto

charities.Inotherwords,Iwouldbehard-pressedtoimaginehow

chaiiLiescangelenoughfundswiIhouLLhehelpofnoii-proriLads.

Admittedly,advertisingmaycarrypotentialdrawbacks.Obviously,the

hugeprofitshavepromptedmanycompaniestopresentincorrect

informationabouttheirproducts.

Insummary,Iwouldconcedethattheproliferationofthe

advertisingindustryisnotwithoutitsadverseeffects.Overall,I

amconvincedthatweshouldfurtherpromotethedevelopmentof

advertisingandmeanwhilethegovernmentshouldintroducemeasuresto

regulatethisindustrymoreeffectively.

参考解析：题干要求就电视广告对消费者究竟有用还是有害写一篇文章。本文

开篇通过背景铺垫点明主题，并说明支持广告有益的态度。第二段阐述理由，

首先广告能帮助我们对最新的产品有更全面的了解，精心制作的广告可以是一

种真正的艺术形式，媒体上的一些广告可以激励人们为慈善事业捐款。同时指

出，广告中也有一些不实信息。最后一段总结全文，支持广告，但是也需要政

府等部门进行广告监管。

共享题干题

SectionA(5marks)

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet,

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

州ABRANDY©Q

・HXVODKAHOoRILHKAd当

詈

M嗑

福

c.慌

暴d?

傕M

Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthats1owsdownthebody'scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholuonueiilialiou,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffeeLsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43._drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45..Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.

［填空题］1.（）

正确答案：Eventually

参考解析：分析句子结构可知，后面为完整的句子，所以此处应该填入一个副

词作状语。又根据句意可知，此处表示的是酒精最终会到达大脑对我们的大脑

思考产生影响。故填入Eventually。

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet,

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

^>nfBKiABKJINDYOtf

3KVODKAHORILKAdZS

盘L»■0

0

隰

嗝

第f

瑞

70Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugihalslowsdownthebody9scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.____,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan5treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.___

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagethe1iningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.____,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody一andinthemind.

［填空题］2.()

正确答案：harmful

参考解析：分析句子结构可知，横线前为动词，后面为名词，所以此史为形容

词修饰changes。而且根据句意可知，本段在讨论酗酒是一种疾病，所以带给人

的也是有害的变化。故填入harmful。

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet.

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.___,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.___

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.

［填空题］3.()

正确答案：Heavy

参考解析：分析句子结构可知，句子成分完整，空格在主语名词前，所以此处

为形容词修饰名词drinkers。又根据上下文语境可知，本段在说明酗酒的危

害，所以这些人也是过度饮酒的人。故填入Heavy。

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answersontheanswersheet.

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

*ARAMSBRANDY©4

2XVODKAHORILKA42

K^SCHNAPPSKIRSCH2S

ABSINTHE

ARMAGNACMEZKAL匚

ofISAVIAKnUMouioF"Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42.

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.____drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45.____.Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody——andinthemind.

［填空题］4.()

正确答案：functioning

参考解析：分析句子结构可知，空格前是动词stop,所以此处应该填入现在分

词。结合上下文语境可知，酒精会损害肝脏细胞，进而影响肝脏工作，最终致

死。故填入functioning.

Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththecorrect

formsof5wordsorphrasesoutofthe7giveninthebox.Writethe

answeisonLheanswersheet.

risk;event;light;function;harm;heavy;because

i>RIBK■ABRANDY0W

IXVODKAHORILKAa^

^SCHNAPPSKIRSCHzS

ABSINTHE

'ARMAGNACMEZKAL!

oflIAVIAKnuiviUUIO■Beer,wine,andwhiskycontain

alcohol.Alcoholisadrugthatslowsdownthebody'scentral

nervoussystem.Whenapersondrinks,thealcoholmovesquicklyto

thestomachandsmallintestine.41.,thealcoholreachesthe

brain.Itaffectsthewaythebrainworks.Thecerebrumisthe

controlcenterofthebrain.Justasmallamountofalcoholaffects

coordinationandjudgment,andpeoplecan'treacttothingsas

quicklyastheycouldwithoutalcohol.

Theamountofalcoholinthebloodstreamiscalledtheblood

alcoholconcentration,orBAC.AsBACrises,theeffectsonthe

centralnervoussystemincrease.

Somepeoplewhodrinkabusealcohol.Thatcanleadtoaddiction.

Alcoholicsdependonalcohol.Somedoctorsthinkofalcoholismasa

diseasebecause,likeadisease,ithassymptomsandcauses42._

changesinbodyorgans.

Alcoholabusecandamagetheliningoftheesophagus.The

esophagusisthetubethatconnectsthethroatandthestomach.The

stomachandthesmallintestinecanbeaffected.43.drinkers

canalsodamagetheirkidneysandhearts.Manydrinkersdevelophigh

bloodpressureandheartdisease.Alcoholdamagesordestroysliver

cells.Scartissuereplaceshealthylivercellsandtheliverstops

44.____,andthepersondies.

Drinkingalcoholandtakingotherdrugsatthesametimeiseven

45..Evenaspirincanchangethewayalcoholaffectsaperson.

Nevermixalcoholwithotherdrugs.Alwaysrememberthatalcoholisa

drug.Evenonedrinkcancausechangesinthebody—andinthemind.

［填空题］5.()

正确答案:riskier

参考解析：分析句子结构可知，句子为主系表结构，横线处应该填入形容词作

表语。又因为横线前有even修饰该形容词，所以应该填入比较级形式，故填入

riskier。

【全文翻译】

啤酒、葡萄酒和威士忌都含有酒精。酒精是一种减缓人体中枢神经系统的

药物。当一个人喝酒时，酒精会迅速进入胃和小肠。最终，酒精到达大脑。它

会影响大脑的工作方式。端脑是大脑的控制中心。少量的酒精会影响协调性和

判断力，人们就不能像没喝酒时那样做出快速反应。

血液中的酒精含量称为血液酒精浓度，简称BAC。随着BAC的升高，对中枢

神经系统的影响也会增加。

有些人酗酒。这会导致上瘾。酗酒者依赖酒精。一些医生认为酗酒是一种

疾病，因为它和其他疾病一样，有症状，而且会导致身体器官的有害变化。

酗酒会损害食道内壁。食道是连接喉咙和胃的管道。胃和小肠也会受到影

响。酗酒者还会损害肾脏和心脏。许多饮酒者会患上高血压和心脏病。酒精损

害或破坏肝细胞。疤痕组织会取代健康的肝细胞，当肝脏停止了工作时，人就

死了。

饮酒的同时，如果服用其他药物，风险更大。甚至阿司匹林也能改变酒精

对人的影响。切勿将酒精与其他药物混用°永远记住酒精是一种毒品.即使是

一杯酒也会引起身体和心灵的变化。

SectionB(5marks)

Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordin

oneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusing

thecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)

oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.

Theworldwouldbeaverydifferentplaceiftheelevatorhadnot

beeninvented.Therewouldbefew,ifany,high-risebuildings

becausepeoplewould46.reftoclimballthestairs.Bythetime

employeesreachedtheirofficesonthetopfloors,itwouldbetime

togohome一iftheywerenottootiredforthelongwalkdown!

Inabout230B.C.,theGreekscientistArchimedesdevelopedthe

world'sfirstelevator.Itwasasimpleplatformthatcouldbe

pulledupanddownwitharope.Anelevatorlikethiswasusedmuch

laterbytwelfth-centurypriestswholivedonamountaintopat

MetereoinGreece.Becausetheywere47.___(fright)ofthieves,

thepriestshadnotbuiltanystairsupthemountain.Theonlywayup

wasbytheelevator,whichthepriestsoperatedfromthetopofthe

mountain.Intheeighteenthcentury,aFrenchmannamedVillayer

inventeda“flyingchair”,whichusedaropeandaplatform.

However,iIalsousedacounleiweighlinashaftlobalanceLhe

weightoftheelevator.Thiswasthefirstelevatorshaft.Anumber

ofrichpeoplehadtheseflyingchairsbuiltintheirhomes,

includingQueenAnneofEnglandatWindsorCastleandKingLouisXVI

ofFranceatVersailles.48.(fortunate),Louis'sdaughterwas

sobadlyhurtwhenusingoneofthesechairsthat,infearofbeing

punished,Villayerdisappeared.日Themain

problemforelevatordesignerswasthat49.___humansoranimals

hadtopulltheropes.Thiswasnotsolveduntilthediscoveryof

steampower.However,evensteam-poweredelevatorwerenotalways

safebecausetheystillusedropes,whichsometimesbroke.Then,in

1854,AmericaninventorElishaOtiscameupwithawayofpreventing

theelevatorfromfailingiftheropesbroke.Therehedesignedand

installedwhathecalledtheusafetyhoist,thefirstelevator50.

___(equip)withanautomaticsafetydevicetopreventitfrom

fallingiftheliftingchainorropebroke.In1857,hebuiltan

elevatorinalargeNewYorkdepartmentstore.Nowadayselevatorsuse

electricityandarecompletelysafe.

［填空题］6.()

正确答案：refuse

参考解析：分析句子结构可知，横线前为情态动词would,横线后为介词to,

所以此处应该为动词原形。又根据语境可知，前后存在因果关系，如果没有电

梯那么高楼大厦也会很少，因为人们不愿意爬高楼。故填入refuse。

Readthefollowingpassageandfillineachblankwithonewordin

oneofthefollowingthreeways:accordingtothecontext,byusing

thecorrectformofthegivenword(s),orbyusingthegivenletter(s)

oftheword.Writetheanswersontheanswersheet.

Theworldwouldbeaverydifferentplaceiftheelevatorhadnot

beeninvented.Therewouldbefew,ifany,high-risebuildings

becausepeoplewould46.ref____toclimballthestairs.Bythetime

employeesreachedIheirofficesontheLopflouis,iLwouldbelime

togohome-iftheywerenottootiredforthelongwalkdown!

Inabout230B.C.,theGreekscientistArchimedesdevelopedthe