江苏省南京市玄武区2024-2025学年上学期九年级英语期末试卷（解析版）

第1页/共1页九年级英语作业单选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1.InShanghai,anewicecreamshophasrecentlybecomefamous________itsnewfood:icecreamsmadefromtraditionalChinesemedicine.A.as B.for C.to D.of【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：在上海，一家新的冰淇淋店因其新的食品——用中药制作的冰淇淋而最近变得很有名。考查介词辨析。as作为；for为了；to到；of……。befamousfor“因……而出名”，故选B。2.IfIamgivenasecond________,Iwon’tmakethesamemistake.A.career B.cause C.change D.chance【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：如果给我第二次机会，我不会犯同样的错误。考查名词辨析。career事业；cause原因；change变化；chance机会。根据“IfIamgivenasecond…,Iwon’tmakethesamemistake.”可知，此处是指第二次机会。故选D。3.Nooneknewanythingabouttheaccidentuntilit________onTV.Acovered B.iscovered C.wascovered D.covers【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：在电视报道之前没有人知道这起事故。考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据“Nooneknewanythingabouttheaccidentuntilit…onTV.”可知，主语“it”是动作cover的承受者，应使用被动语态，且时态为一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词过去分词。故选C。4.Keeptrying,andyou’llsurelyrealizeyourdream________yougiveuphalfway.A.unless B.if C.when D.until【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：继续努力，除非你半途而废，否则你一定会实现你的梦想。考查状语从句连接词。unless除非，引导条件状语从句；if如果，引导条件状语从句；when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；until直到……为止，引导时间状语从句。根据空格前“you’llsurelyrealizeyourdream”，意为“你一定会实现你的梦想”和空格后“yougiveuphalfway”，意为“你半途而废”可知，unless表示“除非”的意思符合。故选A。5.Accordingtothereportson4December2024,well-knownwriterQiongYao________attheageof86.A.passedaway B.passeddown C.passedthrough D.passedoff【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：根据2024年12月4日的报道，著名作家琼瑶在86岁时去世了。考查动词短语。passedaway去世；passeddown遗传；passedthrough经历；passedoff停止。根据“Accordingtothereportson4December2024,well-knownwriterQiongYao…attheageof86.”可知，此处表示著名作家琼瑶去世了。故选A。6.Ican’timaginehowmuchdifficultyZhengQinwenhad________thematchattheOlympics.A.win B.won C.towin D.winning【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我无法想象郑钦文在奥运会上赢得比赛经历了多大的困难。考查非谓语动词用法。win赢得，动词原形；won动词过去式；towin动词不定式；winning动名词。havedifficultydoingsth.表示“在做某事方面有困难”，固定搭配。故空处需动名词。故选D。7.Swimmingis________thebestformofexerciseyoucanget.A.properly B.probably C.closely D.highly【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：游泳可能是你能得到的最好的运动方式。考查副词辨析。properly适当地；probably可能；closely密切地；highly高度地。根据“Swimmingis…thebestformofexerciseyoucanget.”可知，是指游泳可能是最好的锻炼方式，表达一种可能性，用probably。故选B。8.Xiaohua,a________hairdresser,hasbecomepopularforherexcellentskills.Netizenssay,“Everyonelookshandsomeafterherhaircut.”A.talented B.wealthy C.helpful D.generous【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：晓华，一位有才华的理发师，因其出色的技艺而受到欢迎。网友们说：“每个人剪完头发后都看起来很帅气。”考查形容词辨析。talented有才能的，有天赋的；wealthy富有的；helpful有帮助的；generous慷慨的，大方的。根据“hasbecomepopularforherexcellentskills.Netizenssay,‘Everyonelookshandsomeafterherhaircut.’”可知，这里说的是晓华在理发方面有才能，talented“有才能的，有天赋的”，符合语境。故选A。9.GuyutakesitsnamefromtheChinesesaying“rainproduceshundredsofgrains(谷)”,whichshowsthe________betweenweatherandfarming.A.difficulty B.difference C.connection D.competition【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：谷雨得名于中国谚语“雨生百谷”，这表明天气与农业之间的联系。考查名词辨析。difficulty困难；difference差异；connection联系；competition竞争。根据“between

weather

and

farming”和背景知识可知，谷雨的名字由来表明了天气与农业之间的联系。故选C。10.BlackMyth(神话):Wukongisanewvideogame________bringsthemagicofChineselegendstolife.A.who B.where C.that D.why【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：《黑神话：悟空》是一款新的视频游戏，将中国传奇的魔力带入生活。考查定语从句引导词。who关系代词，指人；where关系副词；that关系代词，指人或物；why关系副词，相当于forwhich。anewvideogame为先行词，指物，需关系代词which或that，在从句中作主语。故选C。11.—Chinaisfacingtheproblemofagingpopulation.—Yes,ourgovernmentislookingforsomewaysto________itincludingthe3-childpolicy.A.agreewith B.dealwith C.comparewith D.comeupwith【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——中国正面临人口老龄化问题。——是的，我们的政府正在寻找一些方法来应对它，包括三孩政策。考查动词短语辨析。agreewith同意；dealwith解决，处理；comparewith比较；comeupwith想出。根据“ourgovernmentislookingforsomeways…it”可知，是找方法解决问题。故选B。12.“Weseepeoplelaughorcry.Buttheirtrueemotionsmaybehiding.InthefilmInsideOut2,emotionsarelittle,colorfulpeople.”WhatisthetypeofthefilmInsideOut2?A.Horrorfilm. B.Actionfilm. C.Cartoon. D.Western.【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：“我们看到人们笑或哭。但他们的真实情感可能隐藏起来。在电影《头脑特工队2》中，情感就是小而多彩的人。”《头脑特工队2》这部电影是什么类型？考查常识。Horrorfilm恐怖片；Actionfilm动作片；Cartoon动画片；Western西方电影。根据题干“Weseepeoplelaughorcry.Buttheirtrueemotionsmaybehiding.InthefilmInsideOut2,emotionsarelittle,colorfulpeople.”及常识可知，题干中提到的电影将情感拟人化为彩色小人，这是一种典型的动画电影的表现手法，因此可以判断该电影为一部动画电影。故选C。13.“Ashelikesthesoundsofnature,Tanusesthemalotinhismusic.”Which“as”belowhasthesamemeaningasthe“as”above?A.Asyouweren’tathome,Ileftamessage.B.Astimegoesby,thesituationwillgetbetter.C.JackieChanisconsideredbymanypeopleasasuperstar.D.Therulesoffootvolleyarealmostthesameasbeachvolleyball.【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：“因为他喜欢大自然的声音，所以谭在他的音乐中经常使用它们。”下面哪个“as”与上面的“as”含义相同？考查介词的用法。根据“Ashelikesthesoundsofnature,Tanusesthemalotinhismusic.”可知，例句中的as表示原因，意为“因为”；选项A中的as也表示原因，意为“因为”，与例句中的as同义；而选项B意为“随着”，选项C意为“作为”，选项D意为“如同”。故选A。14.Ifthenewrobotlooksmorelikeahumanthanamachine,somescientiststhinkusersmightfinditabitcreepyandfeelafraid.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“creepy”mean?A.Boringtotalkto. B.Impossibletotouch.C.Uncomfortabletolookat. D.Difficulttounderstand.【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：如果新机器人看起来更像人类而不是机器，一些科学家认为用户可能会觉得它有点令人毛骨悚然并感到害怕。带下划线的单词“creepy”是什么意思？考查词义猜测。Boringtotalkto谈话无聊；Impossibletotouch无法触摸；Uncomfortabletolookat看着不舒服；Difficulttounderstand很难理解。题目要求解释“creepy”的含义。根据空后的“andfeelafraid”可知，此处指的是让人感到不舒服。故选C。15.—Ican’twaittogotothe26thHarbinIceandSnowWorldduringthewinterholiday!—________A.Whatapity! B.Cheerup! C.Areyouserious? D.Haveagoodtime!【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：——我已经迫不及待地想寒假去第26届哈尔滨冰雪大世界了！——玩的很开心！考查情景交际。Whatapity真可惜；Cheerup高兴点；Areyouserious你是认真的吗；Haveagoodtime玩的很开心。根据“Ican’twaittogotothe26thHarbinIceandSnowWorldduringthewinterholiday!”可知，对方要出去玩，此处应表示祝愿对方玩得开心。故选D。二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）Afterthreeyearsaway,LiZiqi,oneofthemostpopularChinesevideobloggers,madea(n)____16____comebackonTuesdayafternoon.Li’sreturnnotonlyquicklybecamethehottesttopiconline,butalso____17____theworld’sattentionbacktothetreasureofChinesetraditionalculture.LiZiqi,bornin1990inSichuanProvinceinsouthwestChina,began____18____shortvideosinapeacefulstylein2015.Inthesevideos,Lisharedbeautifulscenesoflifeinthecountryside,traditionalcooking,andcultural____19____likemakinginkandclothes.Shequicklyreceivedwidespreadattentiononline.____20____Listoppedvideoupdatesin2021,shestillhadnearly100millionfollowersacrossChina’stopfoursocialmediaplatforms.“Istillenjoysharingmylifeandmeaningfulculturaltraditions____21____everyone,”LisaidduringaninterviewwithXinhua.Lisaidthelifestylesheenjoyswillbeathemeofhervideos.Overthepastthreeyears,shehaslearnedtoplaythepiano,____22____herselftohandicrafts(手工艺品),plantedmanyplantsandfruits,andtraveledwithhergrandmother.Manyfansfilledhercommentsection(评论区)with____23____sayingtheywereexcitedtoseeherback.Whilereadingthecommentsfrompeoplearoundtheworld,expressingtheirblessings(祝福)and____24____theymissedherintheirownlanguages,shesaid,“Iamsotouchedbythis.Theyalsosharedsomeoftheirlocalcustoms,animalsandplants,orsomeinterestingchildhoodstories.Ireallyenjoyreadingthesekindsofcomments,andImissthemalottoo.”“Internet,shortvideo,technologiesincludingAI,allthesethingscanbeusedtoshowmylifeandspreadculture,soIwanttokeepgoingandseeifIcould____25____somenewroads,”Liexplainedherfutureworkplansinarecentinterview.16.A.relaxing B.interesting C.surprising D.lasting17.A.attracted B.attacked C.marked D.proved18.A.playing B.creating C.reporting D.organizing19.A.skills B.marks C.dreams D.events20.A.Because B.Since C.Although D.Until21.A.with B.to C.for D.of22.A.believed B.expressed C.enjoyed D.devoted23.A.books B.results C.speeches D.messages24.A.howlong B.howmuch C.howmany D.howheavy25.A.showup B.cleanup C.openup D.cheerup【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.A20.C21.A22.D23.D24.B25.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了阔别三年后中国最受欢迎的视频博主之一李子柒回归，分享自己在中国农村的生活，继续传播中国传统文化。【16题详解】句意：阔别三年后，中国最受欢迎的视频博主之一李子柒于周二下午惊人回归。relaxing令人放松的；interesting有趣的；surprising令人吃惊的；lasting持续的。根据下文“Listoppedvideoupdatesin2021”可知，她在2021年停止了视频更新，故而现在回归是令人吃惊的。故选C。【17题详解】句意：李子柒的回归不仅迅速成为网上最热门的话题，也吸引世界的目光重新回到了中国传统文化的瑰宝上。attracted吸引；attacked袭击；marked做标记；proved证明。根据“...theworld’sattentionbacktothetreasureofChinesetraditionalculture.”可知，她的回归吸引世界的目光重新回到了中国传统文化的瑰宝上。故选A。【18题详解】句意：李子柒，1990年出生于中国西南部的四川省，2015年开始以平和的方式创作短视频。playing玩；creating创造；reporting报道；organizing组织。根据“...shortvideosinapeacefulstylein2015.”可知，她创作短视频。故选B。【19题详解】句意：在这些视频中，李分享了美丽的乡村生活场景、传统烹饪以及像制墨、制衣等文化技艺。skills技艺；marks标记；dreams梦想；events事件。根据“likemakinginkandclothes.”可知，制墨、制衣这些都属于文化技艺。故选A。【20题详解】句意：虽然李子柒在2021年停止了视频更新，但她在中国四大社交媒体平台上仍然拥有近亿粉丝。Because因为；Since既然；Although虽然；Until直到。根据空后两句关系可知，表让步，需Although来引导让步状语从句。故选C。【21题详解】句意：“我仍然喜欢与大家分享我的生活和有意义的文化传统，”李在接受新华社采访时说。with带着；to到；for为；of……的。根据“Istillenjoysharingmylifeandmeaningfulculturaltraditions...everyone”可知，她喜欢把我的生活和有意义的文化传统分享给大家，sharesth.withsb.表示“与某人分享某物”，固定搭配。故选A。【22题详解】句意：在过去的三年里，她学会了弹钢琴，致力于做手工艺品，种植了许多植物和水果，还和祖母一起旅行。believed相信；expressed表达；enjoyed喜欢；devoted奉献。根据“...herselftohandicrafts(手工艺品)”可知，她致力于做手工艺品。devoteoneself.to...表示“致力于……”，固定搭配。故选D。【23题详解】句意：许多粉丝在她的评论区留言说很高兴看到她回来。books书；results结果；speeches演讲；messages消息。根据“Manyfansfilledhercommentsection(评论区)with...”可知，此处指评论区里的留言。故选D。【24题详解】句意：读着世界各地人们的评论，表达他们的祝福，并用他们自己的语言表达他们有多么想念她。howlong多长；howmuch多少，修饰不可数名词；howmany多少，修饰可数名词；howheavy多重。根据“...theymissedherintheirownlanguages”可知，并用他们自己的语言表达他们有多么想念她，表达想念的程度。故选B。【25题详解】句意：“互联网、短视频、人工智能等技术，这些都可以用来展示我的生活，传播文化，所以我想继续走下去，看看能不能开辟一些新的路。”showup出现；cleanup清洗；openup打开；cheerup欢呼。根据“soIwanttokeepgoingandseeifIcould...somenewroads”可知，她想要打开一些新的路。故选C。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）AIneverydaylife,weareoftendistracted(干扰)byourthoughtsandfeelings.Suchdistractionscansometimesleadtomistakesonhomeworkorexams.However,researchsuggeststhatregularpracticeofmeditation(冥想)canhelpusrealizethesedistractingthoughtsandfeelings,andcanmakeiteasiertocontrolthem.26.Forstudents,whatmaydistractingthoughtsleadto?A.Relaxedfeelings. B.Waystomanagetimebetter.C.Gettinghighmarks. D.Mistakesonhomeworkorexams.27.Whichofthefollowingisnotadistractingthoughtwhiletakingexams?A.WonderingwhetherIamgoingtofailornot.B.Alwayscheckingthetimetoseehowmuchisleft.C.Workingonthequestionsandsolvingthemstepbystep.D.Thinkingaboutthecomingwinterholidaywithmybestfriend.28.Whatshouldwefocusonduringthemeditationpractice?A.Breath. B.Health. C.Results. D.Feelings.【答案】26.D27.C28.A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了冥想。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据“Suchdistractionscansometimesleadtomistakesonhomeworkorexams.”可知这种干扰有时会导致家庭作业或考试错误。故选D。【27题详解】推理判断题。A、B、D都是与紧张或分心有关的念头，而C选项“逐步解决问题”正是专注于考试中任务的表现，故选C。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据“Switchfocusbacktobreathing”可知冥想流程强调要专注于呼吸，故选A。BWhatdomoviemakersdowhentheywanttoknowwhatablackholelookslike?Quick,getmeascientist!MikaMcKinnonisageologist(地质学家)andphysicistinCanada.ShealsoworksasascientistadvisertoHollywood.Weaskedhersomequestionsaboutherjob.Howdidyougetinterestedinscience?IwatchedtoomuchaboutStarTrekasakid.Iamahugefanofsciencefiction.WhenIaskedmymumwhytheskywasblue,shewouldmakemeresearchitandactuallylearntheanswers.SoIlearntthatscienceissomethingyoucanstudyanywhere,anytime.Howdidyoustartworkinginthemovies?Amoviecompanycametomyuniversitylookingfora“stringtheorist”(akindofatomscientist).Ithoughttheyweresaying“stringtheorist”becausethatwasthesmartestscientisttheycouldthinkof.Isaid,“Youdon’tneeda‘stringtheorist’,youneedme!”SoIwenttowork.Whatdoyoudoatwork?IfirstworkedontheTVshowStargate,inthepropdepartment,whichisinchargeofanythinganactortouches.Theywouldlendmeouttopeopledecoratingsetsanddoingspecialeffects,thewriters’room,andanybodywhowantedtoaskascientistquestions.ThenIworkedwithamoviecompanytocreatestoryideas.Mostsciencefictionisabout“whatif”questions.Whatifthespeedoflightweredifferent?Whatifwehadacolony(聚居地)onMars?Whatifwecouldtraveltoanothersolarsystemintheblinkofaneye?Irealizedhowusefulitwasforstorytellerstobeabletoaskallthosewhat-ifsandactuallygetanswers.Whydoesitmattertogetthesciencerightinamade-upstory?Thatwasoneofmyfirstquestionstoo.Oneofthewriterstoldmethatbygettingthingsrightwhenyoucan,yougeteveryonetobelieveinyourworldandyourstory.Itallowsstorytellerstohavemoreoutrageousplots.Ialsothinkrealscienceisoftenmoreinterestingthanfiction.Therearesomanythingsinthisworldthatarestrangerandmoreunusualthanweimagine.Sotellingthetruthcanactuallybeawayofstretchingbelief.29.WhatmadeMikaMcKinnoninterestedinscience?A.Workingatauniversity.B.WatchingStarTrekasachild.C.Learningabouttheblueskyinthefilm.D.Discussingscienceproblemswithfriends.30.WhydidMikaMcKinnonworkwithamoviecompany?A.Toactinsomefilms. B.Tocreatestoryideas.C.Tohelpdecoraterooms. D.Tomanagethethingsactorsneed.31.Whyisitimportanttogetthesciencerightinamade-upstory?A.Becauseitgetseveryonetobelieveinthestory.B.Becauseitmakesfansofsciencefictionmoved.C.Becauseithelpsstorytellerstowinseveralawards.D.Becauseitletsstudentsbecomeinterestedinscience.32.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMikaMcKinnon?A.Shyandfriendly. B.Patientandmodest.C.Caringandhumorous. D.Curiousandcreative.【答案】29.B30.B31.A32.D【解析】【导语】本文主要采访了加拿大地质学家和物理学家米卡·麦金农对科学的一些看法。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据“Howdidyougetinterestedinscience?”中的“IwatchedtoomuchaboutStarTrekasakid.”可知，米卡·麦金农对科学感兴趣是因为童年时看了太多遍《星际迷航》。故选B。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whatdoyoudoatwork?”中的“ThenIworkedwithamoviecompanytocreatestoryideas.”可知，米卡·麦金农是为了创造故事创意而与电影公司合作的。故选B。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据“Whydoesitmattertogetthesciencerightinamade-upstory?”中的“Oneofthewriterstoldmethatbygettingthingsrightwhenyoucan,yougeteveryonetobelieveinyourworldandyourstory.”可知，在虚构的故事中准确描述科学有助于让观众相信故事。故选A。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文中描述的米卡·麦金农的经历及对“Mostsciencefictionisabout‘whatif’questions.”可知，米卡·麦金农是一个好奇且富有创造力的人。故选D。CItwasDecemberandthesnowwasfallingquietlyoutside.ThefourMarchsistersweresittingaroundthefireintheparlor(客厅).Theywereknittingsocksforsoldiers.Therewasawarandeveryonehadtohelp.Megwastheoldestofthefoursisters.Shewassixteen.Shewasveryprettyandshelovedprettyclothes.Jowasfifteen.Shewasverytallandthin.ShewasdifferentfromMeg.Shedidn’tcareaboutdressesorhairstyles.Shewasatomboy(假小子).Bethwasthirteen.Shewasveryshyandquietandsheseemedtoliveinahappyworldofherown.Theyoungest,Amylookedlikeasnowprincesswithherblueeyesandblondehair.Shelovedbeautifulthingsandshewasalittlevain(虚荣).Shealsothoughtthatshewasaveryimportantperson.“Christmasisn’tChristmaswithoutanypresents,”Josaidsadly.“Ihatebeingpoor!”Megsaid,lookingatherolddress.“Somegirlshavelotsofnicethings,andothergirlshavenothingatall,”saidAmy.“Idon’tthinkit’sfair.”“Butwe’vegotFatherandMother,andeachother,”saidBeth.Thefoursisterslookedhappyforamomentwhentheyrememberedthis.ThenJosaid,“Butwehaven’tgotFather.”Theirsmilessuddenlydisappeared.MrMarchwasfarawaywiththesoldiers.“Mothersaysourmenaresufferingandwemustn’tspendmoneyforpleasure,”Megsaid.“That’swhywecan’thavepresentsthisyear.”“Well,eachofushasadollartospend,”saidJo.“Whatcanthearmydowithfourdollars?Nothing!Idon’texpectanythingfromMotherbutI’dliketobuyabookformyself.”Jolovedreadingandshehadapassionforbooks.“Iwantedtospendmineonsomenewmusic,”saidBeth.Sheplayedthepianoandshelovedsinging.“I’mgoingtobuyaboxofdrawingpencils.Ireallyneedthem,”saidAmy.Shewantedtobeanartist.“Motherdidn’tsayanythingaboutspendingourownmoney,”criedJo.“Weworkhardforit,solet’sbuywhatwewantandhavealittlefun.”Itwastrue.Thetwooldersistershadjobs.MegworkedasateacherfortheKingfamilyandJolookedafterAuntMarch,theirfather’srich,bad-temperedoldaunt.BethandAmyhelpedwiththehousework.—AdaptedfromLittleWomen33.WhatmadethefourMarchsisterslookhappyforamoment?A.Theirfatherbeingawaywiththesoldiers.B.Theyhavegottheirparentsandeachother.C.Themoneytheywouldmakebyworkinghard.D.ThepresentstheywouldreceiveforChristmas34.Whycouldn’ttheMarchsistershavepresentsforChristmasthisyear?A.Becausetheylivedapoorlife.B.Becauseitwassnowingheavily.C.Becausetheirfatherwasnotathome.D.Becausethemenweresufferinginthewar.35.WhatdidBethwanttospendherdollaron?A.Abeautifuldress. B.Aninterestingbook.C.Somenewmusic. D.Aboxofdrawingpencils.36.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”refertointhelastparagraph?A.Theyboughtwhattheywant.B.Theygotnothingfromtheirmother.C.Theyhadalittlefunwitheachother.D.Theyworkedhardfortheirownmoney.【答案】33.B34.D35.C36.D【解析】【导语】本文节选自小说《小妇人》。主要讲March四姐妹想在圣诞节买礼物，但是她们的男人在前方打仗很痛苦，她们不能为了享乐而花钱，于是她们打算自己挣钱给自己买圣诞礼物。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据“Butwe’vegotFatherandMother,andeachother,”saidBeth.Thefoursisterslookedhappyforamomentwhentheyrememberedthis.”可知她们四姐妹们有父亲和母亲，还有彼此。想起这些，四姐妹顿时显得很开心。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据“‘Mothersaysourmenaresufferingandwemustn’tspendmoneyforpleasure,’Megsaid.‘That’swhywecan’thavepresentsthisyear.’”可知是因为男人们在战争中受苦，她们不能为了享乐而花钱，所以今年不能买礼物。故选D。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据“‘Iwantedtospendmineonsomenewmusic,’saidBeth.”可知Beth想把钱花在新音乐上。故选C。【36题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Weworkhardforit,solet’sbuywhatwewantandhavealittlefun.”及下文“Thetwooldersistershadjobs...BethandAmyhelpedwiththehousework.”可知她们努力工作为自己赚钱，由此推测“Itwastrue.”中的“it”指的是姐妹们努力工作赚钱，故选D。D“Yourpersonalityhasthreedifferentlayers(层),”saysRobynFivush,apsychologistatEmoryUniversity.First,thereareyourmostbasicpersonalitytraits(特征),includinghowopenyouaretonewexperiences,andwhetheryouliketobewithotherpeopleorprefertobealone,andhowstressedoutyougetinchallengingsituations.Yourbasictraitsareprettyobvious(明显的)evenwhenyou’reababy.“Somebabiesarealittlebitfussieroralittlebitmoreactiveoralittlebitmoresmiley.Thosecandevelopintomorestablepersonalitytraits,”Fivushsays.“Theystayprettymuchthesameasyougrowup.”Thenextlayerofyourpersonalityisyourexperiences.Ifyourfamilyislovingandresponsivewhenyou’reababy,thatteachesyou“theworldisasafeandtrustingplace,I’mgoingtobeOK,myneedsaregoingtobemet,andifanythingbadhappens,Ihavepeopletotakecareofme,”Fivushsays.Thatfeelingoftrustandsecuritylastsforyourwholelife,andittendstomakeyoumoreconfidentandcapableofdealingwithdifficultieswhenyouareanadult.“Thethirdlayeristhestoriesyoutellaboutyourself,”Fivushsays.“Wealltellstoriesaboutourlives,bothtoourselvesandtootherpeople.Thosestoriesgivemeaningtoyourexperiences.Theycanbestoriesaboutyourownlife—likehowmuchyoulovedyourscienceteacher,whatagreattimeyouhadwhenshehelpedyouwithyoursciencefairproject,andhowthatmadeyouwanttobeascientist.Butyourfamily’sstoriesareequallyimportant.”Knowingabouthowyourparentsmet,orwhatyourgrandmother’schildhoodwaslike,helpsyouseewhereyoucomefrom.Andtalkingwithyourfamilyaboutboththehappyandsadtimesyou’veexperiencedcanhelpyouunderstandthoseeventsmoreclearlyandlearndifferentwaystodealwithchallenges.Familystoriesdon’tjustteachyouwhoyouare—theyhelpyoufigureoutwhoyouwanttobe.37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisoneofaperson’smostbasicpersonalitytraits?A.Beingopentonewexperiences.B.Growingupinawealthyfamily.C.Sharingfamilystorieswithteachers.D.Understandingeventsinaneasyway.38.HowdoourbasicpersonalitytraitsdevelopaccordingtoRobynFivush?A.Theychangecompletelyaswegrowup.B.Theyareinfluencedonlybyourexperiences.C.Theystayalmostthesamefromwhenwearebabies.D.Theyareformedbythestorieswetellaboutourselves.39.Whatwillamanmostprobablybelikeifhegrowsupinalovingfamily?A.Confident. B.Generous. C.Honest. D.Helpful.40.Whyarefamilystoriesimportant?A.Becausetheycanmakeyourdreamcometrue.B.Becausetheycanmakeyoufeelhappyandrelaxed.C.Becausetheycanhelpyouunderstandwhoyouwanttobe.D.Becausetheycanhelpyoudealwithanydifficultiesyoumeet.【答案】37.A38.C39.A40.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了人的个性养成的三个不同的层次。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“First,thereareyourmostbasicpersonalitytraits(特征),includinghowopenyouaretonewexperiences”可知，最基本的性格特征之一是对新体验的开放性。故选A。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Fivushsays.‘Theystayprettymuchthesameasyougrowup.’”可知，按照Robyn

Fivush的观点，基本性格特征从婴儿时期开始几乎保持不变。故选C。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thatfeelingoftrustandsecuritylastsforyourwholelife,andittendstomakeyoumoreconfidentandcapableofdealingwithdifficultieswhenyouareanadult.”可知，来自有爱的家庭的人会更有信心和能力去应对困难。故选A。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Familystoriesdon’tjustteachyouwhoyouare—theyhelpyoufigureoutwhoyouwanttobe.”可知，家庭故事帮助我们了解自身想成为怎样的人。故选C。非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词。41.Learningtoplayan__________(乐器)canhelpchildrenimprovescienceandlanguageskills.【答案】instrument【解析】【详解】句意：学习演奏乐器可以帮助孩子提高科学和语言技能。乐器：instrument，根据“an”可知，应用名词单数形式。故填instrument。42.Thegovernmenthasmadesomenewrulestoimprovethe__________(安全)ofself-drivingcars.【答案】safety【解析】【详解】句意：政府制定了一些新规则来提高自动驾驶汽车的安全。根据汉语提示可知，safety意为“安全”，为名词。故填safety。43Thenewproductaimsto__________(鼓励)peopletoshareloveandbringpeoplehappiness.Openyourarmsandhaveatry!【答案】encourage【解析】【详解】句意：新产品旨在鼓励人们分享爱，给人们带来快乐。张开双臂，尝试一下吧！鼓励：encourage，空前有动词不定式符号to，应用动词原形。故填encourage。44.Davidthinksthatreadingisajourneyaboutforminga_______(个人的)relationshipwiththetext,notjustlearninginformation.【答案】personal【解析】【详解】句意：David认为阅读是与文本建立一种个人化关系的一段旅程，而不仅仅是学习信息。personal意为“个人的，私人的”，形容词作定语。故填personal。45.Moreandmorewomenareenteringthecomedy__________(产业),andwithit,theirinfluenceinthisfieldisgraduallyincreasing.【答案】industry【解析】【详解】句意：越来越多的女性进入喜剧行业，随之而来的是，她们在这一领域的影响力也逐渐增大。产业：industry，根据“thecomedy”可知，此处特指喜剧行业，应用名词单数形式。故填industry。根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。46.Jackusuallyorganizestasks__________(base)onthedifficultyofthesubject.【答案】based【解析】【详解】句意：杰克通常根据科目的难度来组织任务。根据“Jackusuallyorganizestasks…(base)onthedifficultyofthesubject.”可知，此处为固定短语basedon“以……为基础”，应用动词过去分词作伴随状语。故填based。47.Thisbagismadebymygrandmother,soitisofgreat__________(valuable)tome.【答案】value【解析】【详解】句意：这个包是我奶奶做的，所以对我来说很有价值。根据“soitisofgreat…(valuable)tome.”可知，空前为形容词great，此处应用valuable的名词形式value表示“价值”。故填value。48.Goingoverwhatyou’velearnedeachdaybeforeyousleepcan__________(help)strengthenyourmemory.【答案】help【解析】【详解】句意：每天睡觉前复习一下你学过的东西可以帮助你增强记忆力。can是情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填help。49.TheMacaoMuseumtellsthestoryofhowpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundshavelived__________(peace)together.【答案】peacefully【解析】【详解】句意：澳门博物馆讲述了来自不同背景的人们如何和平地生活在一起的故事。lived为动词，需副词修饰。peace的副词形式为peacefully“和平地”。故填peacefully。50.Whenthere’safire,sometreesclosetheholesintheirleavestoprotectthemselves,justlikehowweholdour__________(breathe)duringafire.【答案】breath【解析】【详解】句意：当发生火灾时，有些树会关闭叶子上的孔来保护自己，就像我们在火灾中屏住呼吸一样。根据“our...”可知，形容词性物主代词our修饰名词。故空处需名词breath“呼吸”。故填breath。根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。overtheyearssamecomputersystemssuspectsuseFingerprintsidentification(指纹识别)wasfirstusedbythepoliceinthelate19thcenturyasawayofidentifyingcriminals.Nowmostpoliceforceshavehuge____51____forstoringandcomparingfingerprints.Takingasuspect’sfingerprintsisanormalpartofpolicework.Fingerprintsarealsocollectedatcrimescenes.Experts(专家)____52____specialtoolswhichcanmakecopiesofprintsonmanydifferentkindsofsurfacesincludinghumanskin!Theprintstakencanbecomparedwiththoseof____53____andwiththemillionsofprintsheldoncomputerrecords.Fingerprintidentificationisveryreliable(可信的)becausebillionsofprintshavebeencomparedbyhumansandcomputers____54____,andnotwofingerprintshaveeverbeenfoundtobethesame!Eventwinsdonothavethe____55____fingerprint.【答案】51.computersystems52.use53.suspects54.overtheyears55.same【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了指纹识别的应用和发展。【51题详解】句意：现在，大多数警察部队都拥有庞大的计算机系统来存储和比较指纹。根据“Nowmostpoliceforceshavehuge…forstoringandcomparingfingerprints.”及备选词可知，警察部门存储和比较指纹需要庞大的计算机系统，短语computersystems“计算机系统”符合语境。故填computersystems。【52题详解】句意：专家使用特殊工具可以在包括人体皮肤在内的许多不同类型的表面上复制印刷品！根据“Experts(专家)…specialtoolswhichcanmakecopiesofprintsonmanydifferentkindsofsurfacesincludinghumanskin!”及备选词可知，专家特殊工具提取指纹，动词use“使用”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，动词应用原形。故填use。【53题详解】句意：所拍摄的指纹可以与嫌疑人的指纹以及计算机记录中保存的数百万张指纹进行比较。根据“Theprintstakencanbecomparedwiththoseof…andwiththemillionsofprintsheldoncomputerrecords.”及备选词可知，提取的指纹要与嫌疑犯的指纹以及计算机记录的进行比较，名词复数suspects“嫌疑犯”符合语境。故填suspects。【54题详解】句意：指纹识别是非常可靠的，因为多年来人类和计算机已经比较了数十亿指纹，并且没有发现两个指纹是相同的！根据“becausebillionsofprintshavebeencomparedbyhumansandcomputers…,andnotwofingerprintshaveeverbeenfoundtobethesame!”及备选词可知，指纹经过多年后被人类和计算机比对，短语overtheyears“很多年”符合语境。故填overtheyears。【55题详解】句意：即使是双胞胎也不会拥有相同的指纹。根据“Eventwinsdonothavethe…fingerprint.”及备选词可知，没有两个指纹是相同的，形容词same“相同的”符合语境。故填same。五、任务阅读（满分20分）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第1-6小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并回答第7-8小题的问题。DirectedleisureisimportantforlivingafulfillinglifeWhenyoufinallyfinishyourhomeworkandgettorelax,whatdoyoudo?Doyoulieonyourbedandscroll(滚屏)throughyourphone?Manypeoplefindthatthiskindofentertainment(娱乐)onlybringsboredomandemptiness.Contrarytowhatmanypeoplemaythink,playisn’tjustwastedtime.Havingtheabilitytoplayandrelaxmeaningfullyduringyourleisuretimeisimportant.“Leisuredoesn’timprovequalityoflifeunlessoneknowshowtouseiteffectively,”JamesWallman,theauthorofTimeandHowtoSpendIt,