中考英语一轮复习：主谓一致（讲义）（原卷版）

A第11讲主谓一致（讲义）

目录

—■复习目标掌握目标及备考方向

二考情分析2023年中考主谓一致考情分析

三网络构建知识点头脑风暴

1.主谓一致的原则

四名词考向2.主谓一致的应用

3.提升必考题型归纳

五真题感悟主谓一致经典考题

【复习目标】

1.掌握主谓一致的原则

2.掌握主谓一致的应用

【考情分析】

主谓一致题型命题规律

/主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原

贝U：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。《义务教育英语课程标准（2022

年版）》对主谓一致仅要求理解。近3年，主谓一致在中考英语试题主要集中在用

动词适当形式填空、句型转换、汉译英、单项选择、完形填空及其它类型的填空题

中都出现主谓搭配的试题，解答任务型阅读以及书面表达题型时，学生就必须考虑

主谓一致。因此，考生必须掌握主谓一致。在学习过程中，要掌握主谓一致的基本

用法及常见搭配。近几年，主谓一致与时态、语态综合考查成为命题的方向。

【网络构建】

主复，谓复㊀Theboyisplayingbasketballnow

语法一致原则

主单，谓单㊀Theseboysareplayingbasketballnow.

Thepeopleherearereallyhappy.

意义一致原则\谓语由主语意义决定

Tendollarsisenoughforthisbook.

谓语单复数由较Thereisateacherandthreestudentsintheclassroom

就近原则

近的主语决定

谓语单复数由

就远原则较远的主语决㊀Nobodybuttwostudentsisintheclassroom,

y

▲考向一主谓一致的原则

.夯基-必备基础知识梳理

1.语法一致原则

主要指语法形式上一致，即谓语动词必须在人称和数的形式上与主语保持一致，这一原则多适用于句

子主语是名词或代词的情况。

>Heisafamoussinger.

ATheboyswhoareplayingtheguitararemycousins.

ALifeisfulloftheunexpected.

>Asadmoviemakesmecry.

ATheirmothercooksbreakfastforthemeverymorning.

2.意义一致原则

以主语表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单、复数。这一原则多适用于句中主语为集体名词、“the+形容词

/v-ed/v-ing"、以-s结尾的名词、what-从句；由and或both...and连接的并列主语；主语为时间、度量、价值、

数目等意义的词语、某些不定代词、what、which、who等。

ATheclassismorethanfiftystudents,（class指班级）

AGenerallyspeaking,thedisableneedmorehelp.

>Someoneisknockingatthedoor.

3.就近原则

谓语动词的人称和数与最近的词语保持一致。这一原则多适用于“therebe”句型、由or,neither...nor,

either...or,notonly...butalso…连接的并列主语以及倒装句型。

AThereisanappleandtwopearsonthetable.

>Therearetwopearsandanappleonthetable.

▲考向二主谓一致的应用

1.谓语动词用单数

(1)不可数名词作主语时

>Waterisveryimportantforhumans.

>Knowledgeispower.

AHappinessliesfirstofallinhealth.

(2)表示时间、金钱、距离、长度等名词复数和数词作主语时

>Eighthoursofsleepisenough.

>Thirtyminuteswasgiventoprepareforthelesson.

>Tenkilometersisalongdistance.

(3)主语为each,either,neither或由each,either,neither,every,no所修饰时

>Eachofthestudentshasadictionary.

AEitherisgoodenoughforme.

>Neitherofthebooksisusefultohim.

>Nomanisbomwise.

(4)主语为any,some,every,no所构成的复合不定代词时

AAnyonewhoarrivesherefirstwillgetapresent.

AIthinkthatsomethinginterestingisgoingtohappen.

AEverybodydeservesachance.

>Nothingismoreimportantthanhealth.

(5)主语为little,much或被much修饰时

AVerylittlehasbeendoneaboutit.

>Muchofthetimewaswasted.

AMuchwaterisneededinthisplace.

(6)主语为"manya/morethanone+单数名词”和"oneandahalfH■名词复数”时

>ManyavisitorhasbeentotheGreatWall.

AMorethanonechairisintheroom.

>Oneandahalfbananasiseatenbythelittlegirl.

(7)"oneof/thenumberofl■名词复数”做主语时

>Oneofthesenotebooksismine.

>Thenumberofthemembersintheswimmingclubis50.

(8)学科、国家、书籍、机构、报刊等名词作主语时

>Physicsisnothisstrongpoint.

AChinaisadevelopingcountry.

ATreasureIslandisthemostinterestingbookI'veread.

ATheUnitedNationswasformedin1945.

2.谓语动词用复数

(1)主语为both,few,afew,many,several或由其所修饰时

>Bothofmysistersareteachers.

AAfewvegetableswereleft.

>Severalofthegrapesarebad.

(2)“the+形容词”表示——类人(如：thedeaf,theblind,theold,theyoung,therich,thepoor等)作主语时

ATheyoungarefullofenergy.

(3)“the+姓氏的复数形式”作主语时

>TheSmithswerewatchingTVthistimelastnight.

(4)山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时

>TheOlympicGamesareheldonceeveryfouryears.

ATheRockymountainsstandinthewestofthenorthAmerica.

(5)只有复数概念的集体名词(people,police,cattle等)作主语时

>Thesepeoplevolunteertocleantheparkonweekends.

APolicearehuntingthecriminal.

3.谓语动词的形式视情况而定

(1)主语为某些集体名词(如：family,class,team,army,club,public,audience等)时

①看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数

AHisfamilyhasmovedintothenewhouse.

>Thepublicwasconvincedofhisinnocence.

ATherewasabigaudienceattheeveningparty.

②看作其中的成员，谓语动词用复数

>Theclassarebusycleaningtheclassroom.

ATheaudienceweredeeplymovedbytheplot.

AMyfamilyarewaitingforme.

(2)主语为all,any,some,most,enough,half或由其所修饰时

①主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数

>Alloftheplayerswanttowinthegame.

>Idon'tthinkanyofmyfriendsareinterestedinthismovie.

ASomeofthewomenhavelongcurlyblackhair.

②主语表示单数意义或代表不可数名词，谓语动词用单数

>Alloftheworkhasbeenfinished.

>Mostofthefoodtastesdelicious.

>Halfofthelandiscoveredbygrass.

(3)主语为"therestof、thelastof、lotsof>plentyof>分数/百分数+of+名词''的结构时，谓语动词的形式与

of后的名词的单复数决定

ATherestofthefoodiseatenbyhim.

>Therestofthestudentsarestayingattheclassroom.

>Twothirdsofthemembersaregirls.

AMorethanfiftypercentofthelandwascoveredbysnow.

(4)主语为none时

①表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数

AShetriedtenhats,butnoneweresuitedher.

>Nonehavearrivedhereyet.

②表示单数意义或代表不可数名词，谓语动词用单数

Weneedtobuysomemilk,becausenoneisleft.

>NoneisastallasTom.

(5)一些由两个对应部分组成的可数名词复数，$n：trousers,shorts,glasses,pants,scissors等作主语时

①前面若无apairof,asetof,seriesof等这类的单位词，通常视为复数，谓语动词用复数形式；

AMyglassesarebroken.

>Histrousershavewornout.

>Thescissorsaren'tsharp.

②若带有单位词，则由单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数形式。

>Apairofpantsisonhisbed.

AThreepairsoftrousersareenough.

(6)and连接并列主语时

①并列主语表示复数概念时，谓语动词用复数

>LilyandGracearegoodfriends.

AAsingerandanactorwerehavingdinnerinmyrestaurantyesterday.

②并列主语表示同一个人、同一概念、同一事或同一物时，谓语动词用单数

>Aworkerandengineerwasgivingalecturefrom2p.m.to4p.m.yesterdayafternoon.

>Thesingeranddancerispopularamongtheyoungpeople.

>Breadandbutterishisfavoritefood.

(7)"therebe”句型中谓语动词的人称和数与最近的词语保持一致。

>Thereisabankandtwoshopsonthisroad.

ATherearetwoshopsandabankonthisroad.

(8)由or,neither...nor,either...or,notonly...butalso...连接的并列主语，谓语动词的人称和数与最近的词语保

持一致。

AEitherheorIamgoingtoattendthemeetingonFriday.

>EitherIorheisgoingtoattendthemeetingonFriday.

(9)主语后跟介词alongwith,besides,togetherwith,with等引导的短语，或者跟连接词aswellas,otherthan,

ratherthan等连接的短语时，其谓语动词与这些短语前边的主语保持一致

>Mymothertogetherwithmybrothershasseenthefilm.

AIaswellasmysisteramgoodatEnglish.

>Hisbrother,ratherthanhisparentsisfondofthecountrymusic.

（10）非谓语动词作主语

①单独的不定式、V-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数

>Listeningtomusicisawaytoorelaxmyself.

ATosavetheendangeredanimalsiswhatweneedtodo.

②如果多个非谓语动词连在一起表示同一概念，谓语动词用单数；如果表示不同概念，谓语动词用

复数

>Togotobedearlyandtogetupearlyisagoodhabit.

AToworkandtolivearetwodifferentthingsbuttheyarealwaystogether.

（11）关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词的单复数形式与先行词保持一致。

①先行词是单数时，从句的谓语动词用单数；先行词是复数时，从句的谓语动词用复数

>Iwanttoknowthemanwhoissinginginthemusicroom.

>ThepenswhichareonthedeskbelongtoAlice.

②“oneo计可数名词复数”作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用复数；“theonly/very/rightoneo"”可数名词

复数”作先行词时，从句的谓语动词用单数

>Jackisoneofthemusicianswhowereawarded.

>Jackistheonlyoneofthemusicianswhowasawarded.

.提升-必考题型归纳

一、单项选择

1.（2023•吉林长春•校联考模拟预测）Thereanoticeonthewall.Itsayswewillgocampingtomorrow.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

2.（2023•甘肃陇南•模拟预测）Thereaconcertnextweek.

A.isgoingtobeB.aregoingtobeC.isgoingtohaveD.isgoingtohas

3.（2023•甘肃陇南•统考一模）NotonlymyparentsbutalsoI________interestedintheCCTVshowCheers

Science.

A.amB.isC.areD.were

4.（2023•湖南湘西•统考二模）Notonlyyoubutalsohe_______playingsoccer.

A.tolikeB.likeC.likes

5.（2023•湖北孝感・统考三模）Outdooractivitiescan________makekidsstronger________helpthemgetmore

knowledge.

A.either...orB.notonly...butalsoC.neither...norD.not...but

6.（2023•福建福州•福建省福州杨桥中学校考三模）Umlookingforababy-sitter.Shemustbetoo

oldtooyoung.

A.both;andB.neither;norC.either;or

7.（2023•福建三明•统考二模）一Mom,canIhavethewhitedressandtheredskirt?

一Sorry,dear.Theycosttoomuch,butyoucanchoosethedresstheskirt.

A.both;andB.either;orC.neither;nor

8.（2023•黑龙江哈尔滨•哈尔滨市第十七中学校校考三模）NeitherJimnorhisteacherandIsatisfied

Jim'sresultoftheexam.

A.am;withB.are;withC.am;about

9.（2023•四川自贡•校考一模）一Tony,Icalledyoubutyoudidn'tanswer.

一Oh,sorry.Itogetherwithmycousinswatchingamovieinthecinema.

A.wereB.wasC.is

10.（2023•吉林四平•校联考三模）一John,aswellashisparents,fishingeverySaturday.

——With"DoubleReduction^^policy（“双减”政策）carriedout,studentshavemoretimetotakepartinafter-school

activities.

A.isgoingB.goC.goes

11.（2023•黑龙江绥化•校考三模）SuewithherparentsoftenhillsonSundays.

A.climbB.climbsC.climbed

12.（2023•江苏扬州•统考三模）arecrazyaboutlisteningtopopmusicintheirsparetime.

A.BillaswellashisfriendsB.NeitherVictornorTom

C.NotonlyTimbutalsothetwinsD.EitherAnitaorJack

13.（2022•江苏常州•统考一模）ThisEnglishbook,togetherwithitslisteningmaterial,well.

A.sellsB.issoldC.sellD.aresold

14.（2023•广西南宁•南宁十四中校考一模）Mr.WangaswellashiswifeplanningtogotoBeijingfor

aholidaynextmonth.

A.areB.isC.was

15.（2022下•上海浦东新•九年级上海市进才中学校考期中）Lucyaswellasherparentssupperat

homeyesterdaywhenthetelephone.

A.werehaving;wasringingB.werehaving;rang

C.washaving;rangD.had;wasringing

16.（2022•黑龙江鸡西•校考——模）一Themanwithhisdogsoftenoutintheparkintheevening.

一Thedogsareverybigandstrong.

A.goesB.goingC.togo

17.（2023•湖北恩施・统考二模）一Howmuchthispairofshoes?

一Sixtydollarsenough.

A.is;isB.are;isC.are;are

18.（2022•河北保定•统考一模）Tenmonthsalongtime,butit'senoughforustobuildthebridge.

A.isB.isn'tC.areD.aren't

19.（2022.四川达州.统考一模）weeksenough.

A.Thethird;areB.Thethird;wereC.Three;areD.Three;was

20.（2023•浙江•模拟预测）Twothirdsofthepopulationinthatfarawayvillagefarmers.

A.areB.isC.haveD.has

21.（2023•黑龙江绥化•模拟预测）booksinourlibraryabout20,000.

A.Thenumberof;areB.Anumberof;isC.Thenumberof;is

22.（2023・吉林长春•长春市解放大路学校校考模拟预测）一Howmanystudentsarethereinoneclassroominthe

USA?

一Thenumberofthemabouttwenty.

A.isB.areC.amD.be

23.（2023•黑龙江哈尔滨•模拟预测）一Whatshallwedotostayinshape,Lucy?

—Bothjoggingandswimminggoodchoices.

A.isB.amC.are

24.（2023•福建福州•福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）ofthestudentsinourclassgoing

tothesummercampinXiamennextweek.

A.Twofifths;isB.Secondfifths;areC.Twofifths;are

25.（2023•甘肃武威•统考模拟预测）Betweenthetwobuildingsaschool.

A.hasB.haveC.standsD.stand

26.（2023•甘肃定西•校考模拟预测）Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthem

absentfordifferentreasons.

A.was;wereB.was;wasC.were;wasD.were;were

27.（2023•甘肃定西•统考三模）Inthisclub,anumberofbasketballplayersfromtheUS.Thenumberof

them30.

A.is;areB.are;isC.comes;areD.come;are

28.（2023•内蒙古呼和浩特•内蒙古师范大学附属学校校考二模）Thesurveyonthechildrenthatmore

thanfivesixthsofthem________interestedinsciencebooksbecausetheyseemsalittleboring.

A.show;isB.shows;areC.shows;isD.show;are

29.（2023•江苏徐州•校考二模）ThesurveyshowsthatofthestudentsreadingEnglishnovels.

A.two-third;isB.two-three;areC.two-thirds;isD.two-thirds;are

30.（2023•黑龙江哈尔滨•统考一模）Thenumberofteachersinourschoolgreatlyincreasedlastterm.A

numberofteachersinthisschoolfromthecountryside.

A.was；isB.was；areC.were；are

二、用所给单词适当形式填空

31.（2023•甘肃陇南•统考三模）Thenumberofvisitorstothemuseumeveryday（be）morethan5,000.

32.（2023•甘肃临夏•统考模拟预测）NotonlymyparentsbutalsoI（be）goingtostayathomethis

weekend.

33.（2023•甘肃定西•统考二模）MyteacheralwayssaysthatEnglish（be）ahelpfulsubject.

34.（2023•黑龙江•统考二模）Threequartersoftheearthssurface（be）coveredbywater.

35.（2023•内蒙古包头•包头市第三十五中学校考三模）Theplanmadebymyclassmateslastweek

（be）differentfrommine.

三、完成句子

36.（2023•重庆沙坪坝•重庆南开中学校考二模）学无坦途。（完成译句）

nosmoothroadtoleaningforus.

37.（2023•重庆沙坪坝•重庆八中校考三模）看！有人正在校门口等你呢。（完成译句）

Look!Theresomeoneforyouattheschoolgate.

38.（2023•内蒙古通辽•统考一模）早餐我一般不是吃蛋糕就是吃面包。

Iusuallyeatcakesbreadforbreakfast.

39.（2023•甘肃平凉•校考三模）Inwinteritoften（TW）inthenorthofChina.

40.（2023•甘肃平凉•校考三模）Jimdoesn'tlikeplayingthepiano,andJackdoesn't,either.（改为同义句）

JimJacklikesplayingthepiano.

一、单项选择

1.（2023•湖南湘西•统考中考真题）ThereaMiaoDrumCultureFestival（苗鼓文化节）inthesouthwest

ofChinanextweekend.

A.isB.willhaveC.willbe

2.（2023•内蒙古•统考中考真题）Thenumberofstudentsinthisschoolfivehundred,andabout

ofthemlikecreativeEnglishhomework.

A.is;threefifthB.is;threefifthsC.are;threefifthD.are;threefifths

3.（2023•内蒙古•统考中考真题）NotonlyJimbutalsohissisterafewcitiessincetheycametoChina.

A.havevisitedB.hasvisitedC.visitedD.visits

4.（2023・西藏•统考中考真题）Thereaclearlakeinmycity.

A.beB.amC.isD.are

5.（2022-西藏・统考中考真题）Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassfifty-four.

A.beB.isC.areD.am

6.（2022•吉林长春•统考中考真题）Thereasignonthewall.Itsaysyoumustn,tsmokehere.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

7.（2022•辽宁丹东•统考中考真题）Nextyear,anewroadleadingtothevillage.

A.thereisB.thereareC.therewillbeD.therewas

8.（2022•湖南湘西统考中考真题）Thereonlyoneearthbutbillionsof（数十亿）peopleintheworld,so

weshouldprotecttheearth.

A.haveB.isC.are

9.（2022•辽宁大连•统考中考真题）Onceaterm,thereaparents9meetinginourschool.

A.isB.areC.wasD.were

10.（2022•广西玉林•统考中考真题）一AsfarasIknow,thereahigh-speedtrainfromYulintoShenzhenin

2023.

——Yeah!ItwillbemoreconvenientforthepeopleinYulin.

A.willbeB.