中考英语话题复习：规则与风俗习惯

中考话题复习一一规则与风俗习惯（教师版）

•教材链接

七年级下册Unit4Don'teatinclass.

八年级上册Unit10|fyougototheparty,you'llhaveagreattime.

―"ITeenagersshouldbeallowedto

九年级Unit7

-------------------------------choosetheirownclothes.

九年级Unit10You/resupposedtoshakehands.

Changinghowwesayhello

世界各国问候礼仪大不同

Greetingisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofsocializing.Eachculturehasits

uniquewayofgreetingpeople.However,duringthetimeofthenovelcoronavirus

pneumonia(NCP)outbreak,propergreetingsinmanycountrieshaveexperienced

changes.Let'stakealook.

France

Franceisfamousforitsromanticgreetingmethod.Theytouchothers'cheeks

andmakeakissingsound.Forthem,thisgreetingtellsothers,a\amyourfriend,and

wetrustandcareabouteachother/Theintensityofthatkissdependsonhowclose

youare,whetherintermsoffamilyorfriendship.However,astheNCPhasspreadall

overtheworld,thisgreetingisnowbannedinthecountry.Newspapersarefilled

withadviceonhowtoreplacethefamousFrenchkissonthecheek.Frenchetiquette

（礼仪）expertPhilippeLichtfus,whohasbeenwidelycitedinthemedia,saidsimply

lookingintoaperson'seyescansuffice（足够）asagreeting.

TheUS

PeopleintheUSgenerallyshakehandswithpeopletheyhavejustmet.The

originsofthehandshakeareuncertain,butmostwouldagreethatitisquiterational

（合理的）asaformofgreeting.Theshakingoftherighthandusedtoindicatethat

thepersonwasnotcarryinganyweapons,offeringafriendlywelcometotheother

person.

Buttoday,thingsaredifferent.AccordingtoChinaDaily,manyAmericanpeople

nowgreeteachotherwiththeirelbows.Withonlyslightcontact,theelbowbump

cannotonlyshowyourrespecttoothers,butalsoeliminatetheneedfortheuse

ofhands.That'sgoodnews,consideringthefactthathandisthemainhubfor

transmittingthevirus.

TheUnitedArabEmirates（UAE）

WhenpeopleintheUAEmeeteachother,theytypicallyrubnosesasaformof

salutation（问候）.AswriterAliAlSaloomexplainedinTheNational,thisgesture”is

linkedwithprideanddignity"sinceArabstouchtheirnosesandforeheadstothe

groundasasignofrespectwhentheypray.Recently,however,thisgreetinghas

cometoahalt（终止）.TheUAEgovernmentsnowencouragetheircitizenstosimply

waveahandtoshowawarmwelcometoothers.

India

MostpeopleinIndiaperformanamaskar（合十礼）asagreeting,whichinvolves

placingone'spalmstogetherwithaslightbow.Iftheyholdtheirhandshigherortake

alowerbow,theyshowmorerespecttoothers.Butsomeyoungpeople'sgreeting

habitshavebeenaffectedbytheirstudyabroadexperiences.Theytendtooffera

handshakeandakisstoday.InMarch,thePrimeMinisterNarendraDamodardas

Modicalledonhispeopletouseonlythenamaskaratthistimetoavoidinfection.

France

Franceisfamousforitsromanticgreetingmethod.Theytouch

others*cheeksandmakeakissingsound.Forthem,thisgreeting

Changingtellsothers.*1amyourfriend,andwetrustandcareabouteach

other?Theintensityofthatkissdependsonhowcloseyouare,

whetherintermsoffamilyorfriendship.However,astheNCP

hasspreadallovertheworld,thisgreetingisnowbannedinthe

country.Newspapersarcfilledwithadviceonhowtoreplacethe

howwefamousFrenchkissonthecheck.

Frenchetiquette（礼仪）ex­

pertPhilippeluchtfus,

whohasbeenwidely

intheme­

sayhellodia,saidsimply

lookingintoa

person'seyes

世界各国问候礼仪大不同。cansuffice

（足第）a

@@@456津仅阅读町间5年0greeting.

Greetingisoneofthemostimportantaspectsofso­

cializing.Eachculturehasitsuniquewayofgreetingpeo­

ple.However,duringthetimeofthenovelcoronavirus

pneumonia（NCP）outbreak,propergreetingsinmany

countrieshaveexperiencedchanges.Letstakealook.

鬣缪加敬殍听报纸

蕤?密知物工点击.加

留.找蚓晒文pt见

India

MostpeopleinIndiaperfonnana-

ma/ikar（合十礼）asagreeting,which

involvesplacingonespalmstogether

withaslightbow.Iftheyholdtheir

handshigherortakealowerbow,they

showmorerespecttoothers.Butsome

youngpeople'sgreetinghabitshave

beenaffectedbytheirstudyabroadex­

periences.Theytendtoofferahand­

shakeandakisstoday.InMarch,the

PrimeMinisterNarendraDamodardas

Modicalledonhispeopletouseonly

thenamaskaratthistimetoavoidin-,

fection./

TheUS

TheUnitedArabEmirates（UAE）

PeopleintheUSgenerallyshakehandswithpeo­

pletheyhavejustmetTheoriginsofthehandshakeWhenpeopleintheUAEmeeteachother,theytopicallyrubnoses

areuncertain,butmostwouldagreetliatitisquiteasaformofsalutationAswriterAliAlSaloomexplainedin

rational（合理的｝asaformofgreeting.TheshakingTheNational,thisgesture"islinkedwithprideanddignity“sinceAr­

oftherighthandusedtoindicatethatthepersonabstouchtheirnosesandforeheadstothe

wasnotcarryinganyweapons,offeringafriendlygroundasasignofrespectwhenthey

welcometotheotherperson.pray.Recently,however,thisgreet-

Buttoday,thingsaredifferentAccordingtoChinain«hascometoahalt（线止）.

Daily,manyAmericanpeoplenowgreeteachotherTheUAEgovernmentsnowen­

withtheirelbows,Wilhonlyslightcontact,theel­couragetheircitizenstosimply

bowbumpcanno<onlyshowyourrespecttoothers,waveahandtoshowawarm

butalsoeliminatetheneedfortheuseofhands.welcometoothers.

That'sgoodnews,consideringthefactthathandisTSKNl

themainhubfortransmittingthevirus.

TUCMOHG

ChineseTableManners

中国餐桌礼仪

MosttablemannersinChinaaresimilartointheWest.Don'tbedeceivedby

whatyoumightseeinalocalrestaurantonthestreets.Chinesemannersdon't

consistofslurpingfooddownasquicklyaspossible,andshoutingloudly!

中国的大部分餐桌礼仪与西方相似。不要被你在街上看到的当地餐馆的情况

所欺骗。中国人的礼仪并不包括尽可能快地把食物咽下去和大声地叫喊。

ConsiderOthers照顾他人

Whenhelpingyourselftothedishes,youshouldtakefoodfirstfromtheplates

infrontofyouratherthanthoseinthemiddleofthetableorinfrontofothers.It's

badmannerstouseyourchopstickstoburrowthroughthefoodand"digfor

treasure"andkeepyoureyesgluedtotheplates.

在帮自己夹菜时，应该先从自己面前的盘子里拿食物，而不是从桌子中间或

别人面前的盘子里拿。用筷子在食物中钻来钻去“挖宝”，眼睛一直盯着盘子，

这是不礼貌的行为。

Whenfindingyourfavoritedish,youshouldnotgobbleitupasquicklyas

possibleorputtheplateinfrontofyourselfandproceedtoeatlikeahorse.You

shouldconsiderothersatthetable.Ifthereisnotmuchleftonaplateandyouwant

tofinishit,youshouldconsultothers.Iftheysaytheydon'twantanymore,then

youcaneatproceed.

当发现自己喜欢的菜品时，不应尽快狼吞虎咽，也不应将盘子放在自己面前，

然后继续马不停蹄地吃。你应该考虑到餐桌上的其他人。如果盘子里剩下的东西

不多，而你又想把它吃完，你应该征求别人的意见。如果他们说不想再吃了，那

么你可以继续吃下去。

Concentrateonthemealandyourcompanions.Watchingtelevision,usingyour

phone,orcarryingonsomeotheractivitywhilehavingamealisconsideredabad

habit.

专注于吃饭和你的同伴。吃饭时看电视、使用手机或进行其他活动被认为是

一种坏习惯。

Youshouldtrytorefillyourbowlwithriceyourselfandtaketheinitiativetofill

thebowlsofelderswithriceandfoodfromthedishes.Ifeldersfillyourbowloradd

foodtoyourbowl,youshouldexpressyourthanks.

你应该尽量自己给自己的碗里加饭，主动给长辈的碗里加饭和菜里的食物。

如果长辈给你的碗里加饭或加菜，你应该表示感谢。

Elegance吃相优雅

Itisnotgoodmannerstopickuptoomuchfoodatatime.Youshouldbehave

elegantly.Whentakingfood,don'tnudgeorpushagainstyourneighbor.Don'tlet

thefoodsplashorletsouporsaucedripontothetable.

一次拿起太多的食物是不礼貌的。你应该表现得很优雅。拿取食物时，不要

推操邻居。不要让食物飞溅或让汤汁、酱汁滴到桌子上。

Wheneating,youshouldcloseyourmouthtochewfoodwellbeforeyou

swallowit,whichisnotonlyarequirementofetiquette,butalsobetterfordigestion.

Youshouldbynomeansopenyourmouthwide,fillitwithlargepiecesoffoodand

eatupgreedily.Don'tputtoomuchfoodintoyourmouthatatimetoavoidleaving

agluttonousimpression.Neithershouldyoustretchyourneck,openyourmouth

wideandextendyourtonguetocatchfoodyouareliftingtoyourmouth.

吃饭时，应先闭上嘴将食物充分咀嚼后再咽下，这不仅是礼仪的要求，也更

有利于消化。绝对不能大张着嘴，把大块的食物塞满嘴里，贪婪地吃起来。一次

不要往嘴里放太多的食物，以免给人留下贪吃的印象。也不要伸长脖子，张大嘴

巴，伸出舌头接住举到嘴边的食物。

Whenremovingbonesorotherinediblepartsofthemealfromyourmouth,use

chopsticksorahandtotakethemandputthemonasideplate(orthetable)infront

ofyou,insteadofspittingthemdirectlyontothetableortheground.

从嘴里取出骨头或其他不可食用的饭菜部分时，要用筷子或手拿起饭菜，放

在面前的餐盘(或餐桌)上，不要直接吐在桌上或地上。

Ifthereisfoodaroundyourmouth,useatissueoranapkintowipeit,insteadof

lickingitwithyourtongue.Whenchewingfood,don'tmakenoises.

如果嘴边有食物，用纸巾或餐巾纸擦拭，而不是用舌头舔。咀嚼食物时，不

要发出声音。

Itisbestnottotalkwithotherswithyourmouthfull.Betemperateinlaughing

lestyouspewyourfoodorthefoodgoesdownyourwindpipeandcauseschoking.If

youneedtotalk,youshouldspeaklittleandquietly.

最好不要满嘴食物时和别人说话。笑的时候要有节制，以免食物喷出或食物

进入气管引起窒息。如果需要说话，应该少说话，悄悄地说话。

Ifyouwanttocoughorsneeze,useyourhandorahandkerchieftocoveryour

mouthandturnaway.Ifyoufindsomethingunpleasantinyourmouthwhenchewing

orphlegminthethroat,youshouldleavethedinnertabletospititout.

如果要咳嗽或打喷嚏，要用手或手帕捂住嘴，转身离开。咀嚼时若发现口中

有异物或喉中有痰，应离开饭桌将其吐出。

•基础夯实

词汇通关

购物中心shoppingcenter十六岁的青少年sixteen-yeanolds

担心...；焦虑....beworriedabout兼职工作part-timejobs

对...感到兴奋beexcitedabout避免接近，远离keep…awayfrom

确保makesure回嘴，顶嘴talkback

自己做决定makeone'sowndecision照料；照顾takecareof/lookafter

参加考试takethetest对...要求严格bestrictwith

挡...的路，妨碍getinthewayof担心worryabout

长大growup结束endup有机会做haveachancetodo

顺便访问，随便进入dropby毕竟；终归afterall

大动肝火，气愤getmad做出努力makeaneffort

把...擦掉clean…off（飞机等）起飞takeoff

特地，格外努力gooutofone'sway

使（某人）感到宾至如归make...feelathome

习惯于getusedto出席，露面showup

做某事感到轻松自如be/feelcomfortabledoingsth.

期盼，盼望lookforwardto

句型通关

1.尽管有时候我很生气，但是我决不向别人说不好的话来表达我的生气。

ThoughsometimesI'maiwv,Ineversaybadwordstoothersinordertoexpressmy

anger.

2.我们排队等待（的行为）是很好的。

It'sgoodtoqueueupwhenwearewaiting.

3.我们必须把垃圾扔进垃圾箱里。

Wemustthrowrubbishintorubbishbins.

4.人们对你的看法取决于你的行为。

People'sopiniononyoudependsonyourmanners.

5.在公共场合,我们应该小声说话。另外，我们应该保持微笑。

WeshouldspeakinKlowvoiceinpublic.What'smore,weoughttokeepsmiling.

6.为给别人留下好的印象，我们应该先有好的礼仪。

Toleaveagoodimpressiononothers,weshouldhavegoodmannersfirst.

7.为了成为有良好品行的学生，我们应向老人打招呼表达我们的尊敬。当我们

等公交、在超市付钱时，我们应该排队。

Tobeastudentwithgoodmanners,weshouldgreettheoldandshowourrespect

forthem.Weshouldqueueupwhilewaitingforthebusandpayinginthe

supermarket.

8.为了成为有良好品行的好学生，我不应该在公共场合大声说话。当别人说话时,

我不应该突然打断，我应该一直等到他们的谈话结束。

Tobeastudentwithgoodmanners,Ishouldn'ttalkloudlyinpublic.Whenother

peoplearetalking,Ishouldn'tdisturbthemsuddenly.Ishouldwaitforthemuntil

theirconversationcomestoanend.

•实战演练

听力训练

1.Tomdoesn'tknowhowtouseverywell.

A.forksB.knivesC.chopsticks

2.It'spolitetowhenyouareeatingnoodlesinJapan.

A.makeanoiseB.keepquietC.laugh

3.It'stostickyourchopsticksintoyourfood.

A.politeB.rudeC.foolish

4.Youwithyourchopsticks.

A.shouldn'tpointatanyone

B.shouldpointatanyone

C.shouldtaponyourbowl

5.Thechildrenaren'tallowedtowhentheyareeatingdinnerinJapan.

A.makeanoiseB.listentomusicC.speak

【答案】CABAC

听力原文

W:YoumustbeexcitedaboutleavingforJapantomorrow,Tom!

M:Yeah,Iam.ButI'malittlenervous,too.

W:Nervousaboutwhat?

M:Well,foronething,Idon'tknowhowtousechopsticksverywell...andIdon't

knowhowtobehaveatthedinnertable.

W:Oh,Isee.IcouldgiveyousomeadviceonJapanesetablemannersifyou'dlike.

M:Really?Thatwouldbegreat!

W:Letmesee.Onedifferenceisthatsometimesit'spolitetomakeanoisewhenyou

areeating,especiallywhenyouareeatingnoodles.Itshowsthatyoulikethefood.

M:Really?That'sinteresting,IntheUnitedStatesyouarenotsupposedtodothat.

W:Yeah,Iknow.OK,soherearesomechopstickrules:It'srudetostickyour

chopsticksintoyourfood,andyoushouldn'tpointatanyonewithyourchopsticks.

M:Oh,OK,Iwon't.

W:Andalso,thisisn'tabouttablemannersexactly,butyoushouldknowthatyou

aren'tsupposedtotalkwhenyouareeatingdinner.Onlyparentsareallowedtotalk

atthedinnertableandchildrenarenotallowedtospeak.

M:Wow!That'sunusual!

写作训练

近来，为了进一步加强学生在校的管理，许多学校制定了新的校规。假如你是

李华，请你根据下面表格的内容提示，用英文给你的笔友Mark写一封信，介绍你校

的新校规,并谈谈你对新校规的看法。

作业按时完成

手机禁止进课堂

睡眠每天至少9小时

阅读一周至少读一本好书

锻炼一天1小时

安全L不打架2…•…（至少补充一点）

你的看法...

写作要求：

1.内容必须包含所给要点,并适当发挥；

2.语句通顺、语法正确、书写规范；

3.文中不能出现考生的真实姓名、校名和地名；

4.词数80左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。

DearMark,

How'sitgoing?I'mgladtosharemynewschoolruleswithyou.

优秀范文

DearMark,

How'sitgoing?I'mgladtosharemynewschoolruleswithyou.Therearemany

newrulesinourschool.

Asstudents,it'sourdutytofinishourhomeworkontimeeveryday.Wecan't

takephoneswithustoschool.Wehadbettergetenoughsleep,atleast9hoursaday.

Weshoulddevelopreadinghabits.Wemustreadatleastonegoodbookaweek.

Doingexerciseisalsoimportant.Wemustdoexerciseanhouraday.Wemustkeep

safefirst.Don'tfightwitheachother.It'sdangerousforustogoswimmingalone.

We'dbetternotgoswimmingbyourselves.

Ithinktheseschoolrulesaregoodforus.Ihopewestudentsfollowallthe

schoolrules.Whataboutyourschoolrules?Pleasewritesoon.

Yours,

LiHua

完形填空

HaveyoulearnedabouttablemannersinChina?HereIwillintroducesome.

Itisatraditional_1_forChinesepeopletoeatwithchopsticks.Eachperson

attablewillhaveapairofchopsticks,andthereisalsoanextrapair_2_isfor

publicuse.

Youshouldrememberthatyou're_3_tolettheeldersinthefamilysitand

eatfirst.Iftheydon'tstart,everyoneelseshouldn'tstart,either.Andthenyoushould

makea_4_tothem.

Whileeating,itisveryrudetoeatwithaloud_5_.Andyou'dbetternot

speakwhilefoodisstillinyour_6_.Donotonlyeatonedishevenifthatisyour

favorite.

l.A.pointB.orderC.methodD.custom

2.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.when

3.A.allowedB.consideredC.supposedD.invited

4.A.reportB.researchC.bowD.toast

5.A.voiceB.smileC.noiseD.cry

6.A.plateB.mouthC.handD.bowl

7.A.feelB.arriveC.eatD.aim

8.A.realizeB.suggestC.expectD.hope

9.A.HoweverB.ActuallyC.InsteadD.Finally

10.A.honestB.proudC.modestD.serious

【答案】

1-5：DACDC6-10:BADBC

方框中选择合适的选项补全对话。（其中有两项多余）

A.It'sgoodtostayathomeforyou.

B.Afterthemeal,don'tleaveatonce.

C.Couldyougivemeahand?

D.WhatrulesdotheyhaveinAmerica?

E.ButI'mabitnervous.

F.You'resupposedtoleavebeforethemeal.

G.It'simpolitetoarrivelate.

A：YoumustbereallyexcitedaboutleavingforAmericatomorrow,LiPing!

B：Yeah.l.

A：Nervousaboutwhat?

B：Idon'tknowmanyofthecustomsandmannersintheUSA.2.

A：Sure.

B：3.

A：Well,it'simportanttobeontimewhenyou'reinvitedfordinner.4.Americans

expecttheirgueststobeontime.

B：ThenhowlongmayIstaythere?

A：5.Oryouseemtohavecomeonlyforthemeal.Whenyourfriendsseemtobe

gettingtiredandrunningoutofthings,it'stimetoleave.Thenextday,callorwritea

thankyounotetosayhowmuchyouenjoyedtheevening.

【答案】ECDGB

阅读理解