专题03 阅读理解之应用文-5年（2020-2024）中考1年模拟英语真题分类汇编（河南专用）

PAGE1专题03阅读理解之应用文考点五年考情（2020-2024）语篇特点体裁上，以广告信息类为主，主要包括启事类应用文、新闻类应用文和识记类应用文。题材上，主题围绕“人与自我、人与社会、人与自然”三大主题语境。常见的话题以介绍乘车信息、景点指南、赛事须知、设施功能、社会热点、工作项目、演出介绍等为主，这些材料都与日常生活密切相关。选材上，几乎都出自英美报刊及主流网站，内容贴近生活。形式上，文章有标题、小标题、粗体、斜体，偶尔也有插图、表格或独立的图片。另外，标题、小标题及重要信息一般会加粗。语言上，言简意赅，字数少而信息量大。里面有大量的地道表达，使用很多人名、地名和专有名词，缩写词也比较多。命题特点命题形式，主要以细节理解题为主。有的可以直接从原文中找到答案，有的是原文的同义替换。考查的都是在真实情境中解决问题的能力。命题分布，一般设题数量和片段数量基本相当，考点分布比较均匀。在比较长的段落中有时会设置两个题；考点还可能出现在特殊的地方；或文章主体段落以外的地方。提问形式，题干中多出现what，which，when，where，who，howlong，howmuch等疑问词。设题特点，段首段尾处常考；表格出现处常考；时间数字处常考。解题策略第一步，题目中，确定定位词语。人名、地名、专有名词、时间、数字等容易辨别与扫读出的信息优先划出。独特的名词优先于独特的动词，而独特的动词优先于独特的形容词、副词。一般确定2-4个定位词。第二步，文章中，选定目标句子。根据定位词找回原文，先读当句，再读下句，最后读上句，实在找不到，再到其它地方寻找。第三步，对比选项中，锁定最佳选项。找出原文重现或与原文同义转换的选项，简称“一一对应”。2024年Anoldsayingusedforforecasting(预测)theweathersays,“Redskyatnight,sailors’delight.Redskyinthemorning,sailors(水手)takewarning.”Isthesayingtrue?Itturnsoutthatitis.Aredskyatsunsetmaymeanthatthereareclearskiestothewest,wherethesunsets.Aredskyatsunriseusuallymeansthattheclearweatherhasalreadypassed,sostormsmightbecoming.Forecastingtheweatherhasbeenpracticedforthousandsofyears.Inthe5thcenturyBC,theGreekssentoutforecaststosailors.Theyusedsignsinnaturetoforecasttheweather.Buttoday,meteorologistssendexactforecastsfurtherinadvance(提前).Theyusescientificinstrumentstostudyweatherconditionsaroundtheworldandmakeforecasts.Pilots,farmersandmanyotherpeopledependontheseforecasts.Luckily,mostofuscansimplylookonthesmartphoneorturnontheTVtofindoutwhatkindofweatheriscoming.Ifyouarelookingforsomesignsoftheweather,payattentiontonature.Therearetwobasicrulesusedinweatherforecasting:Weathergenerallymovesfromwesttoeast,andlowairpressure(压力)usuallymeansrainorsnow.Sopayattentiontothesigns.Ifrainbowsforminthewestatsunrise,thesunisontheway.Smelltheflowers—theirsmellsarestrongerinwetair.Whataretheantsdoing?Aretheymovingtohigherground?Thiscouldmeanadropinairpressure.Arethebirdsflyingloworhigh?Fallingairpressuremayinfluencebirds’ears,sotheyflylow.Andiftheskyisredatsunset,youmightplanapicnicforthenextday!根据材料内容选择最佳答案。11.Whatistheoldsayingabout?A.Thebeautyofsunrise. B.Thenightsky.C.Thesignsoftheweather. D.Thesailors’work.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“meteorologists”mean?A.ThepersonswhogivedailyweatherreportsonTV.B.Thepersonswhocarryoutresearchonnaturalhistory.C.Thepersonswhotakeaninterestinplantsandanimals.D.Thepersonswhodoscientificstudiesofweatherconditions.13.HowdoesthewriterdevelophisideainParagraph2?A.Bylistingthereasonsforterribleweather.B.Bytellingatruestoryaboutweatherforecasting.C.Byintroducingdifferentwaysofforecastingtheweather.D.Bymentioningthedifficultiesinforecastingtheweather.14.Whatdoweknowfromthelastparagraph?A.It’llbesunnyifantsmovetohigherplaces.B.Thesmellsofflowersarestrongerinwetair.C.Birdsflyhigherbecauseofthelowairpressure.DIt’llrainifrainbowsforminthewestatsunrise.15.Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toencouragepeopletogetclosetonature.B.Toexpresstheneedforweatherforecasting.C.Toexplainnaturecantellusabouttheweather.D.Todiscusshowimportantweatherforecastingis.【答案]11.C12.D13.C14.B15.C[解析]【导语]本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气。【11题详解]细节理解题。根据“Aredskyatsunsetmaymeanthatthereareclearskiestothewest,wherethesunsets.Aredskyatsunriseusuallymeansthattheclearweatherhasalreadypassed,sostormsmightbecoming.”可知，日落时的红色天空可能意味着太阳落山的西方天空晴朗。日出时天空呈红色通常意味着晴朗的天气已经过去，因此暴风雨可能即将来临。所以这句谚语是关于天气的迹象，故选C。[12题详解]词句猜测题。根据“Buttoday,meteorologistssendexactforecastsfurtherinadvance(提前).”可知，提前发布准确的预报的应该是气象学家，故选D。【13题详解]细节理解题。根据“Inthe5thcenturyBC,theGreekssentoutforecaststosailors....Luckily,mostofuscansimplylookonthesmartphoneorturnontheTVtofindoutwhatkindofweatheriscoming.”可知，希腊人利用自然界的迹象来预报天气，气象学家使用科学仪器研究世界各地的天气状况并做出预测，也可以看一下智能手机或打开电视来了解天气。所以作者在第二段通过介绍不同的天气预报方法展开他的观点，故选C。【14题详解]细节理解题。根据“Smelltheflowers--theirsmellsarestrongerinwetair."可知，闻闻花--它们的气味在潮湿的空气中更强烈。故选B。[15题详解]主旨大意题。本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气，是在解释自然可以告诉我们天气情况。故选C.2023年Energyistheabilitytodowork.SolarenergycomesfromtheSun.Thereisalsoenergythatcomesfromwindandwater.Butdoyouknowthatenergycancomefrompeople,too?Whenyoupedalabike,youproduceenergy.Youuseyourlegstopushthepedals.Yourenergyistransferred(转移)tothebike.Thatmakesthebikemove.Nowimagineridingyourbiketocreateenoughpowertorunacomputer.Somestudentsatoneschooldidjustthat!Theyjumpedonbikesconnectedtogenerators(发电机)andpedaledinplace.Soontheywereproducingelectricity.Thisenergyisneededtoruntheircomputers.Hereishowbicycle-poweredenergyworks.Whenastudentpedalsthebike,thebackwheel

spins.Thewheelspinsthegenerator.Thegeneratorproduceselectricity.Aslongasastudentpedalsthebicycle,electricitymovesthroughthegenerator.Theelectricitycanbeusedrightaway.Thisenergycanalsobestoredandusedlater.Peopleusebicycle-poweredenergytorunsmalldevices(设备)suchassmalltelevisionsandfans.Theyoftenuselessthan100wattsperhour.However,itwouldbeamistaketousepedalpowertorunafridge.Thislargemachineoftenusesmorethan700wattsperhour.Theelectricityforthesemachinescomesfrompowerlinesoverheadorunderground.Pedalpowercanbeseeninschools,gyms,andhomes.Whatafunwaytoprovideelectricity!根据材料内容选择最佳答案。31.Howdoesthewriterleadintothetopic“bicycle-poweredenergy”inParagraph2?A.Byaskingaquestion.

B.Bytellingajoke.C.Byusinganoldsaying.

D.Bymakingasurvey.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spins”meaninthetext?A.Fallsdownsuddenly.

B.Breaksupcompletely.C.Movesupanddownslowly.

D.Turnsroundandroundquickly.33.WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A.Thefutureofnewenergy.

B.Theformsofworld’senergy.C.Usingbicycle-poweredenergy.

D.Producingbicycle-poweredenergy.34.Whatdoweknowaboutbicycle-poweredenergy?A.Itcan’tbeseeninschools.

B.Itcomesfromwindandwater.C.Itcanbestoredandusedlater.

D.It’sfrompowerlinesoverhead.35.Inwhichunitofatextbookcanthetextbefound?A.Unit1FriendsForever

B.Unit2DreamoftheStarsC.Unit3TheValueofMoney

D.Unit4TheWorldofScience31.A写作技巧题。文章首段介绍了来源于太阳的太阳能和来源于风和水的能源，第二段首句“Butdoyouknowthatenergycancomefrompeople,too?”承上启下，通过一个问题引出能源还能来自人类，接下来便介绍了人踩踏自行车发电的现象，故选A。32.D词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Whenastudent

pedalsthebike”再结合常识我们不难猜测，当学生踩踏自行车的时候，后轮会快速旋转，故选D。33.C段意归纳题。通读第五段内容可知，本段主要介绍了自行车发的电主要用于小的设备，如小型电视机和风扇，而不能用于冰箱等大型设备。由此可知本段主要介绍自行车发的电的利用方法。故选C。34.C细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The

electricitycanbeusedrightaway.Thisenergycanalsobestored

andusedlater.”可知选C。35.D推理判断题。本文介绍了利用自行车发电的现象，最可能选自科学世界，故选D。2022年There’snothingquitelikefallingsoundasleepafterafulldayofwork.Likepeople,animalsneedtorestafterworkinghard.Someanimalssleepinwater.Othersdighoesundertheground.Someevensleephighintreesorunderleaves.Buttheyallfindawaytorest.Someanimalsintheseasleepinstrangeways.Fishsleepwiththeireyesopen.Theyseemtolookaheadfarintotheseawhiletheyrest.Seaotterssometimessleepinbedsoftheplantsthatgrowinthesea.Thiskeepsthemfrommovingaway.Parrotfishblowsomethingfromtheirmouthswhentheyarereadytosleep.Thenabubble(气泡)willbeformedaroundthem.Thebubbleprotectsthemfromharmwhiletheysleep.Someanimalssleepundertheground.Chipmunks(花栗鼠)sleepcurledup(蜷缩)inaball.Theirbedsaremadeofleavesandgrass.Inwinter,theysleepfortwoweeksandwakeuptoeatthestoredfood.Thentheygobacktosleepforanothertwoweeksbeforewakingupagain.Somedesertfrogsdigundergroundholesduringthehot,dryseason.Afrogmaystayinitsholeformonths.Highabovetheground,monkeysfindleafyplacesintreeseacheveningbeforetheysleep.Thetalltreeshelptokeepmonkeyssafeduringthenight.Someinsectsevensleepundertheleafthatwillbetheirnextmeal.Abeemayclimbdownintoaflowertorest.Whenitclimbsoutthenextmorning,itisrestedandreadyforwork.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。11.Whatanimalsblowbubbleswhentheysleep?A.Seaotters.

B.Monkeys.

C.Desertfrogs.

D.Parrotfish.12.Whatdoweknowaboutchipmunksaccordingtothetext?A.Theyrestwiththeireyesopen.B.Theyneversleepcurledupinaball.C.Theywakeupnowandtheninwinter.D.Theydon’teatanyfoodduringthewinter.13

Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theforestwheremonkeyssleepsafely.B.Theanimalsthatsleepabovetheground.C.Thereasonwhybeesclimbdownintoflowers.D.Thewaysthatkeepanimalsawayfromdanger.14.Whatisthestructureofthepassage?(P-Paragraph)A.

B.

C.

D.

15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.Whereanimalslive?

B.Whyanimalsmove?C.Howanimalssleep?

D.Whatanimalsfeedon?【分析]这篇短文主要讲述了不同的动物的睡眠方式，有些动物在水里睡觉，有些动物在地下挖洞，有些动物甚至睡在高高的树上或树叶下。【解答](1)细节理解题。根据Parrotfishblowsomethingfromtheirmouthswhentheyarereadytosleep.Thenabubblewillbeformedaroundthem.(鹦嘴鱼准备睡觉时，会用嘴吹东西。然后在它们周围形成一个气泡。)可知，鹦嘴鱼睡觉时吹泡泡。故选D。(2)细节判断题题。根据Inwinter,theysleepfortwoweeksandwakeuptoeatthestoredfood.(在冬天，它们要睡上两个星期，然后醒来吃储存的食物。)可知，花栗鼠在冬天并不是一直冬眠，偶尔会想来，因此选项C(它们时不时地醒来。)是正确的。故选C。(3)段落大意题。根据Highabovetheground(在地面之上)以及猴子、昆虫和蜜蜂等例子可知，这一段讲述了的是睡在地上的动物。故选B。(4)文章结构题。通读全文，可知第一段引出动物们有各种各样的睡眠方式，是总括段。第二段讲述了海里的一些动物，第三段讲述了睡在地下的动物，第四段讲述了睡在地上的动物，因此本文是总分的关系。故选A。(5)最佳题目题。通读全文，可知这篇短文讲述了不同的动物的睡眠方式，有些动物在水里睡觉，有些动物在地下挖洞，有些动物甚至睡在高高的树上或树叶下。因此，选项C(动物是怎样睡觉的)是最佳的题目。故选C。2021年Everylivingthingneedstoreproduce.Reproducingmeanscreatingmoremembersofyourgroup.Inorderforplantstoreproduce,theyhavetospreadtheirseeds(种子)tootherareas.Plantshavedevelopedallkindsofwaystodothis.Thesimplestwayis

gravity.Manyseedsareinsideoffruit.Whenapieceoffruitgetstooheavy,itfallsfromatreetotheground.Sometimesanimalswillpickupthefruitanddropitinanotherarea.Thathelpsmovetheseedevenfartheraway.Applesspreadthisway.Otherplantsusewindtospreadtheirseeds.Dandelionsareagoodexampleofthis.Dandelionseedsaresolightthatwhenwindblows,itcarriesdandelionseedstonewplaces.Maple(枫树)seedsalsousewind.Theirseedsareconnectedwithlong,thinleavesthatlooklikewings.Whentheseedfallsfromthetree,its“wings”helpitflyfartherfromthetree.Someanimalshelpplantsspreadtheirseeds.Theanimalseattheseeds.Whiletheseedisintheanimal’sbody,itstayswhole.Whentheseedleavestheanimal,it’sinanewplace.Antsalsohelpspreadseeds.Someseedshaveaspecialsmellthatattractsants.Theantsbringtheseedsbacktotheirhome,whichofcourseisunderground.Theyonlyeatpartoftheseed.Theyleavetherestoftheseedunderground.Afterthat,theseedcanstartgrowing.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。11.

Whatdoestheword“gravity”meaninthesecondparagraph？A.

Theactionthatmakesanimalsdropseeds.B.

Thehelpthatmovesseedsevenfartheraway.C.

Theneedthatcomesfromanimalsandplants.D.

Theforcethatcausesfruittofalltotheground.12.

Howdomaplesspreadtheirseeds?A.

Theyuseants.

B.

Theyusewind.C.

Theyusesmells.

D.

Theyuseanimals.13.

Whatdoantsdotohelpspreadseeds?a.Theyonlyeatpartoftheseed.b.Theyhelpseedsfallfromthetree.c.Theycarryseedstotheundergroundhome.d.Theypickupthefruitandmoveitfaraway.e.Theyleavetherestoftheseedunderground.A.

b,d,e

B.

a,b,d

C.

a,c,e

D.

b,c,d14.

Whatisthetheme(主题

)ofthetext?A.

Nature.

B.

Culture.

C.

Education.

D.

Technology.15.

What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.

HowPlantsSpreadSeeds?

B.

WhyAnimalsPickUpSeeds?C.

HowWindHelpsSeedsSpread?

D.

WhySeedsHaveaSpecialTrip?【答案】11.D

12.B

13.C

14.A

15.A【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了植物传播种子的方式。【11题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Whenapieceoffruitgetstooheavy,itfallsfromatreetotheground”可知，植物最简单的传播方式就是当果实过于沉重时，从树上掉到地上的这种力量帮助植物传播种子，故选D。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据“Maple(枫树)seedsalsousewind”可知，枫树用风来传播种子，故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据“Theantsbringtheseedsbacktotheirhome,whichofcourseisunderground”“Theyonlyeatpartoftheseed”及“Theyleavetherestoftheseedunderground”可知，蚂蚁帮助传播种子的方式是：蚂蚁把种子带回它们地下的家；它们只吃一部分种子；它们把剩下的种子留在地下，故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了大自然中植物传播种子的方式，故选A。【15题详解】最佳标题。根据“Plantshavedevelopedallkindsofwaystodothis”及全文的内容，可知，本文主要介绍了植物传播种子的方式，所以A选项“植物如何传播种子”符合本文标题，故选A。2020年Cait,11,wastryingtofallasleepwhenher8-year-oldbrother,Doug,cameintoherroom.Helookedaround,butseemedreally

outofit.ThenDougwentbackintothehallwayandstoodtherelookingstraightupatthelight.Thiswasreallystrange.Caitdidn’tknowwhattodo.Justthen,Cait’sfatherappearedandexplainedDougwassleepwalking.

Notallsleepisthesameeverynight.Weexperiencesomedeep,quietsleepandsomeactivesleep,whichiswhendreamshappen.Youmightthinksleepwalkingwouldhappenduringactivesleepbutapersonisn’tphysicallyactiveduringactivesleep.Itusuallyhappensinthefirstfewhoursofsleepintheperiodcalleddeepsleep.

Thetruthisthatnotallsleepwalkerswalk.Somesimplysituporstandinbedoractlikethey’reawakewhen,infact,they’reasleep!Most,however,dogetupandwalkaroundforafewsecondsorforaslongashalfanhour.

Sleepwalkers’eyesareopen,buttheydon’tseethesamewaytheydowhenthey’reawake.Theytendtogobacktobedontheirownandwon’trememberitinthemorning.

Youalsomighthaveheardthatsleepwalkerscangetfrightenedifyouwakethemup.That’strue,sowhatdoyoudoifyouseesomeonesleepwalking?Youshouldcallforagrown-upwhocanleadthepersonbacktobed.Andoncethesleepwalkeristuckedbackinbed,it’stimeforyoutogetsomesleep,too!11.Whatdoes“outofit”mostprobablymeaninChinese?A.茫然不觉B.心满意足C.垂头丧气D.悠然自得12.Whendoessleepwalkingusuallyhappen?A.Duringactivesleep.B.Inthefirstfewhoursofsleep.C.Whendreamsbegin.D.Whenwe'retryingtofallasleep.13.Whichparagraphstellwhatsleepwalkersdo?A.①②B.②③C.③④D.④⑤14.Whatshouldwedoifweseepeoplesleepwalking?A.Wakethemup.B.Walkaroundwiththem.C.Donothingandgetyourownsleep.D.Askgrown-upstoleadthemtobed.15.Whoisthetextwrittenfor?A.Teachers.B.Doctors.C.Parents.D.Children.【答案】11.A

12.B

13.C

14.D

15.D【解析】文章讲述了晚上梦游的事情，同时指出了梦游发生的时间和表现，如果遇到梦游的人，要找一个成年人带梦游的人回去睡觉。【11题详解】词意猜测题。根据下文中“Cait’sfatherappearedandexplainedDougwassleepwalking.Sleepwalkers’eyesareopen,buttheydon’tseethesamewaytheydowhenthey’reawake.”可知，道格正在梦游，梦游者的眼睛是睁开的，但与他们醒着的时候看东西的方式不同，所以虽然道格环顾四周，但是他毕竟是在梦游，此处划线部分outofit的意思是“茫然不觉”，表示“他看东西的方式和醒着的时候不一样”。故选A。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Itusuallyhappensinthefirstfewhoursofsleepintheperiodcalleddeepsleep.”可知，梦游通常发生在睡眠的最初几个小时。故选B。【13题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“Somesimplysituporstandinbedoractlikethey’reawakewhen,infact,they’reasleep!Most,however,dogetupandwalkaroundforafewsecondsorforaslongashalfanhour.”和第四段中“Sleepwalkers’eyesareopen,buttheydon’tseethesamewaytheydowhenthey’reawake.”可知，这两段介绍了梦游者会做什么，有些人只是坐起来，或者站在床上，或者表现得好像他们是醒着的，大多数人都会站起来走动几秒钟，或者长达半个小时。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Youshouldcallforagrown-upwhocanleadthepersonbacktobed.”可知，如果你看到有人在梦游，你应该找个成年人带他回去睡觉。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中,作者提到的如何应对梦游“Youshouldcallforagrown-upwhocanleadthepersonbacktobed.”你应该找一个成年人把梦游的人领回到床上，因此可知这里的“you”指的是孩子，因为需要找一个成年人，所以这篇文章是给孩子们写的。故选D。2024年河南省驻马店驿城区中考二模Inrecentyears,manyschoolsinChinahavehadahigh-techmakeover(改革).Theyhaveturnedfromusing“old-school"multimedia(多媒体)toolstoAIandbigdatatoaddvaluetostudentlearningandlifeoncampus(校园).AttheTianjinEco-CitySchoolAffiliated成忠NormalUniversity,theChinesetechcompanyiFlytek'ssmartcampussystem(系统)makeslearningafunexperience.Intheaerospace(航天)classes,studentsuseVRglassestolearnaboutwhat'sinsidearocketandhowitislaunched(发射)inacomputergame.Also,inswimmingclasses,“bywearingsmartearphones,childrencangetreal-timeinstructions(指令)fromthecoachunderthewater.Thismakestrainingsafer,"LiRui,theschool'svice-principal,toldCCTV.ForP.E.classes,YuwenSchoolinWuhu,Anhui,hasusedself-testingtoolswithAIvisualanalysis(视觉分析)technologyforactivitiessuchasstandinglongjump,sit-upsandshotput(推铅球).Withfacialrecognitiontechnology,studentscangetvoicereportsandresultsonhowtheydidrightaftereachexercise.“Before,whenIthrewtheshotput,theteacherhadtousearulertomeasurehowfaritwent.Now,theresultsjustshowupontheirown.Youcanalsoseewhichpartsofyourexerciseneedimprovement,"WuShengguofromtheschooltoldDajiangEveningNews.Apartfromlearning,studentscanalsoenjoymealsmadebysmartcanteens(食堂).InJune,YingkouNo.1MiddleSchoolinLiaoningintroducedasmartcanteenwithan“onlinemealselection_andfacialrecognitionmealpickupsystem.Tomeetthedifferentneedsofstudents,thecanteenoffersover.400dishes,withsixtosevenchoicesforeachmeal.Parentsandstudentscanchoosemealsinadvance(提前)fromtheonlineplatform(平台).Andtheyusefacialrecognitiontechnologytopickuptheirmeal.Ithelpstheschoolplanandpreparemeals,cuttingdownonfoodandkitchenwaste.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。31.Whichoftheseareusedintheaerospaceclasses?A.Amodelrocket. B.VRglasses. C.Smartphones. D.Earphones. 32.Howdostudentsfeelabouttheswimmingclasses?A.It'slikestudyingintheclassroominreal.time.B.Theycan'theartheinstructionsclearly.C.Thetrainingprocessismuchsafer.D.Theyfindithardtostayunderwaterforlong.33.HowcanfacialrecognitiontechnologyhelpstudentswiththeirP.E.classes?A.Studentscanlearnhowtoimprovetheirexercisefromit.B.Itcancheckwhetherthestudentisusingaself-testingtool.C.Itprovidesmoreinformationforbetterhealthchoices.D.It'susedtomeasuretheballs'weight.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“selection"inParagraph5meaninChinese?A.发现 B.购买 C.选择 D.付账 35.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thebirthofglobalvillage.B.TheimprovementoftechnologyinChina.C.Newtechnologyusedinschools.D.Studentcomfortineverydayschoollife.[主旨大意]本文通过列举高校高科技改革的多个例子，表明中国的许多学校正在从使用“老派的”工具转为人工智能和大数据，为学生的学习和学校生活增加价值。31.B【解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Intheaerospace(航天)classes,studentsuseVRglassestolearnaboutwhat'sinsidearocket..”可知,在航天课堂上,学生们使用VR眼镜了解火箭内部的情况……这说明在航天课堂上学生会用VR眼镜。故选B。32.C【解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“..inswimmingclasses,‘bywearingsmartearphones,childrencangetreal-timeinstructions(指令)fromthecoachunderthewater.Thismakestrainingsafer”可知，在游泳课上，通过佩戴智能耳机，孩子们可以获得水下教练的实时指令，这使训练更加安全。由此可知，在游泳课上，学生们会觉得训练课程比较安全。故选C。33.A【解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ForP.E.classes......Withfacialrecognitiontechnology,studentscangetvoicereportsandresultsonhowtheydidrightaftereachexercise”和第四段中的“Youcanalsoseewhichpartsofyourexerciseneedimprovement”可知,在体育课时，通过面部识别系统，学生们能够知道怎样去改进他们的锻炼。故选A。34.C【解析]词义猜测题。通读第五段内容可知，主要讲的是使用智能食堂的方法，也就是说怎样在网上选择饭菜，因此selection意思为“选择”。故选C。35.C【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，文中通过列举多个例子，表明中国的许多学校都进行了高科技改造，使学生的学校生活更轻松。因此可以概括为学校使用的新技术。故选C。2024年河南省十二县一区中考二模Haveyoueverbeeninabadsituation?Howwouldyoufeelinthissituation?Infact,every-onehastogothroughsadness.Ifsomeonearoundislisteningtoyouandcomfortingyou,Ibelieveyouwillfeelmuchbetter.Now,imaginethatarobotcomestoyouandpats(轻拍)youontheshoulderwithitshandwhenyoufeelsad.Whatdoyouthinkaboutit?Scientistsrecentlydidresearchonrobottouch.Theyfoundthatjustlikehumantouch,atouchfromarobotcanalsohelppeoplefeelbetter.Thehandsofrobotsaresoft,andtheydonotgivepeoplethemetallicmechanical(金属机械)feeling.Sowhencomfortisneeded,perhapsrobotswillbeagoodchoice.Thestudyasked48studentstotalkwitharobot.Therobotgavethemadviceonwhatcoursestochooseinschool.Attheendofthechat,therobotwouldeitherpatastudent'shandthreetimesorsimplymoveitshandtowardstudentsintheothergroup.Interestingly,whilemoststudentssmiledorevenlaughedatthismovementatfirst,noneofthempulledaway.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,thestudentswhowerepattedfelthappier.Theyalsoshowedmoreinter-estinthecoursessuggestedbytherobot.Thisresearchshowsthatthetouchoftherobotcanreallyhelphumans,especiallythosewholivealone.Thesepeopleneedsomeonewhocanaccompany(陪伴)themortalktothem.Be-sides,itwillbegoodfortheirmental(精神)andphysicalhealth.Sothetechnologywillbehelpful.Itcanpersuade(说服)humanbeingstomakesomedecisions.Forexample,theycanpersuadepatientstodomoreexercise.Thefindingwillhelpscientiststodevelopbetterrobotsinthefuture.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。31.Whydoesthewriterbeginthetextbyaskingquestions?A.Toexplainafact. B.Toexpressagreement. C.Togiveopinions. D.Tocatchreaders'interest.32.AccordingtoParagraph2，whycanthetouchofarobotmakepeoplefeelbetter?A.Becausepeoplelikerobots.B.Becauserobotsneverfeeltired.C.Becausethehandsofrobotsaremadesoft.D.Becauserobotscangivepeoplethemetallicmechanicalfeeling.33.AccordingtoParagraph3,whatdidn'ttherobotdo?A.Ittalkedwithstudents. B.Itgavestudentsadvice. C.Itpattedstudents'hands.D.Itsmiledorlaughedatstudents. 34.Whoisthetouchoftherobotespeciallyhelpfulto?A.anoutgoingboywhohaslotsoffriendsB.anoldmanwholivesaloneC.ayounggirlwhoisalwayshappyD.awomanwholikestohelpothers35.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.Robotswilltaketheplaceofhumans. B.Robotscanmakeusfeelbetterbytouching. C.Robotscandosomethingbadforpeople.D.Robotsareclevererthanhumans.【语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了机器人的触摸能够帮助人类，对人类的身心健康有好处。31.D解析:细节理解题。根据“Haveyoueverbeeninabadsituation?Howwouldyoufeelinthiscase?Infact,everyonehastogothroughsadness.Ifsomeonearoundislisteningtoyouandcomfortingyou,Ibelieveyouwillfeelmuchbetter.Now,imaginethatarobotcomestoyouandpatsyouontheshoulderwithitshandwhenyoufeelsad.Whatdoyouthinkaboutit?”可知,文章首段提出了几个与人们息息相关的问题，由此可猜测，这些问题是为了引起读者的阅读兴趣。故选D。32.C细节理解题。根据“Thehandsofrobotsaresoft,andtheydonotgivepeoplethemetallicmechanicalfeeling.”可知,机器人的手很柔软，可以像人手一样抚慰他人。故选C。33.D细节理解题。根据“Thestudyasked48studentstotalkwitharobot.Therobotgavethemadviceonwhatcoursestochooseinschool.Attheendofthechat，therobotwouldeitherpatastudent'shandthreetimesorsimplymoveitshandtowardstudentsintheothergroup.”可知,机器人和学生们交谈,给予学生建议,并拍了学生的手。故选D。34.B细节理解题。根据“Thisresearchshowsthatthetouchoftherobotcanreallyhelphumans,especiallythosewholivealone.”可知,研究表示,机器人的触摸对独居的人很有帮助。故选B。35.B主旨大意题。根据“Scientistsrecentlydidresearchonrobottouch.Theyfoundthatjustlikehumantouch,atouchfromarobotcanalsohelppeoplefeelbetter.”可知,本文主要介绍了机器人的触摸能够帮助人类，对人类的身心健康有益。故选B。2024年河南省安阳一模Onceyoubegintoeatpotatochips,youmaykeepeatinguntilthebagisempty.Haveyoueverexperiencedthis?Whycan'tyoustopeatingthesesaltychips?Scientistssaiditisbecauseofakindofneuron(神经元).ScientistsattheBethIsraelMedicalCenterinBostonhavefoundthatsomeneuronscanmakeuswanttoeatsalt.Theneuronstakenoteofwhetherourbodiesneedsodium(钠),amainpartofsalt.Then,theysendsignals(信号)toourbraintoencourageustoeatmoresalt.Howdotheseneuronswork?Scientistsdidtestsonmice.Theyfoundthatwhenmiceneedsodium,theirbodygivesoffakindofhormone(荷尔蒙).Itthenmakes