重庆市主城区七校联考2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

2024—2025学年（上）期末考试高2027届英语试题考试说明：1.考试时间120分钟2.试题总分150分3.试卷页数10页第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whoisnotintheofficetoday?A.John.B.Caroline.C.Roger.2.Whatisthewindspeednow?A.12mph.B.60mph.C.70mph.3.Whatarethespeakersprobablygoingtodo?A.Drivetothetrainstation.B.PickupJimmy.C.Gotothecity.4.WhyisthegirlunabletoworkwithCarl?A.Carlisabsent.B.Carlhasanotherpartner.C.Theydon’tsitnexttoeachother.5.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelintheend?A.Dissatisfied.B.Thankful.C.Confused.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Tourguideandtourist.B.Brotherandsister.C.Friends.7.Whatwilltheboydoforhisvacation?A.Gotothemountains.B.Stayathisuncle’s.C.Gotothebeach.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whoisthenewfootballprogramfor?A.Teenagegirls.B.Teenageboys.C.Adults.9.WhatmadeMimisoexcited?A.Watchingamatch.B.Gettingthefirstgoal.C.Winningagame.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthehotelfrontdesk.B.Inthehotelrestaurant.C.Inahotelroom.11.Whowillarrivetomorrow?A.Tom’smanager.B.Severaltourgroups.C.Mrs.Black.12.WhichroomwillTombeinnextday?A.Room315.B.Room207.C.Room205.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutthetrip?A.Feedinganimals.BHelpingtheenvironment.C.Meetingfamousscientists.14.Whowillconsiderthefindingsimportantaccordingtothewoman?A.Sometourguides.B.Somecampers.C.Somescientists.15.Whatisthewomanlookingforwardto?A.Drivingacar.B.Cookingameal.C.Jumpingintoapool.16.Whatistheweatherlike?A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Cold.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Areportofafamouscoach.B.Anintroductiontoanacademy.C.Anarrangementofasportsmeet.18.Whenwilltheinterviewtakeplace?A.OnApril15th.B.OnApril22nd.C.OnSeptember22nd.19.Whatshouldthelistenersdotojointheschool?A.Takeafewsportstests.B.Emailthespeaker.C.PhoneMr.Green.20.Whichcoursewillstarttobeofferednextschoolyear?A.Swimming.B.Football.C.Tennis.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThisisnotatripthatmanytravelersexperience;morefamousdestinationsinChinaaremorepopular.Butforexploratorytravelerslookingfortrulydifferenttrips,backpackingtheChineseSilkRoadgetsrewards.SopackyourbagandcheckoutourguidetobackpackingtheSilkRoadthroughChina.Don’tmisssightsOverhangingGreatWall.Namedbecauseitlookslikeadragonhangingoveracliffside,thispartoftheGreatWallisoneofthemostamazing:amudmaze(迷宫)thatwindsitswayupadesertmountain.Thewallisopenforclimbingandviewsfromthetopareunbelievable.TurpanGrapeValley.Chinamaynotbeknownforitsqualitywinemakingjustyet,butTurpanishometooneoftheoldestwinemakingregionsinthecountry.Sippingafreshglassofwhitewineundergrapetrellisesisagreatwaytobeatthedesertheat.SingingSandsDune(沙丘).OntheoutskirtsofDunhuang,SingingSandsDuneisthefirstinaseriesofthousandsofdunesthatmakeuptheTaklamakanDesert.Adventuroustypescangetontopoftheduneforgreatviewsofmoredunesandthensandsledbacktothebottom.TipsandremendationsMostofthisroutefollowsextremedesert,sopackfordryheat.Trainsusuallysellbeerandwine,butathigherprices,sobesuretopackyourown.Mandarinisspokenthroughouttheregion,butinsomemoreremoteareas,youmayfindolderpeopleonlyspeaklocaldialectsorUigher.1.Whomaybethetargetreadersofthispassage?A.TravelerswholikefamousdestinationsinChina.B.Travelerswhoenjoyadventuresandsomethingnew.C.Travelerswhochoosetravelagenciesandjoinguidedtours.D.Travelerswhopreferselfdrivingtoursandenjoythefreedom.2.WhatcantouristsdoinOverhangingGreatWallandSingingSandsDune?A.Enjoyadistantview. B.Drinkwhitewine.C.Exploreamudmaze. D.Experiencesandsled.3.Whatproblemmaytravelersmeetwithontheroute?A.Transportation. B.Acmodation. C.Language. D.Coldness.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国丝绸之路的旅游景点及旅行建议。【1题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Butforexploratorytravelerslookingfortrulydifferenttrips,backpackingtheChineseSilkRoadgetsrewards.(但对于寻求真正不同旅行的探索性旅行者来说，背包旅行中国丝绸之路是有回报的。)”可知，这篇文章的目标读者是喜欢冒险和新事物的旅行者。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章Don’tmisssights部分中“Thewallisopenforclimbingandviewsfromthetopareunbelievable.(长城开放供攀爬，从顶部俯瞰的景色令人难以置信。)”和“Adventuroustypescangetontopoftheduneforgreatviewsofmoredunesandthensandsledbacktothebottom.(喜欢冒险的人可以登上沙丘顶部，欣赏更多沙丘的壮丽景色，然后乘坐沙橇滑回底部。)”可知，游客可以在OverhangingGreatWall和SingingSandsDune欣赏远景。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Mandarinisspokenthroughouttheregion,butinsomemoreremoteareas,youmayfindolderpeopleonlyspeaklocaldialectsorUigher.(整个地区都说普通话，但在一些更偏远的地区，你可能会发现老年人只说当地方言或维吾尔语。)”可知，旅行者在这条路线上可能会遇到语言问题。故选C。BBillBuda’sdaughterAlexaBudasharedavideoonherInstagram,documentingherdad’slastdayasamailcarrierintheirneighborhood.Intheclip,BillBudawasseendeliveringthemailtodifferenthouseswhilehisfamilyacpaniedhim.munitymembersgatheredtocelebratewithdrawingsandsweetnotes.“PeoplewillNEVERforgethowyoumadethemfeel.”hetoldGoodMorningAmerica.AfterbeingfrequentlyaskedabouthisretirementhedecidedtochooseSaturdaytosaygoodbyetomorepeopleonhisroute.Buthedidn’texpecttobesowarmlywele.“WhenyousecallthatonSaturday,Iguessfor24andahalfyearsonthisroute,Ireallymusthavedonesomethingright.Soitwasfantastic.”hesaid.Hebeganworkingasamailmanin1993andhardlymissedwork.Hesaid,“Iwassoluckytoworkcontinuouslyfor11years.So,that’ssomethingtohangmyhaton.”However,beingamailmanwasn’toriginallyhisplan.Beingabasketballplayerincollege,hewassettoplayprofessionallyoverseasbeforehesufferedfromaheartproblem.What’sworse,helostjobsforseveraltimeswhileworkinginapanyaftergraduatingwithtwocollegedegrees.Later,hisdadencouragedhimtoapplyforthejobatthepostoffice,wherehethenstartedworkingandneverleft.Althoughsomemightthinkhisjobwas“apieceofcake,”theactualresponsibilitywasbiggerthanjustdeliveringmail.“Theyhavenoideayou’repeekinginonyourelderly;you’recheckingifthatgaragedoorshouldbeshut…”heexplained,“Ifthemailpilesup,you’dbettergocontactsomebody.”Asforhisplanforretirement,hecouldn’twaittoattendanysportingeventhecouldandgeteveryoneinhisfamilyonschedule.4.WhywasBillBudawellreceived?A.Becausehewaspostedonlinebyhisdaughter.B.Becausehehadmadeadifferencetoneighbors.C.Becausehewasoftenaskedabouthisretirement.D.Becausehisfamilykepthimpanyontheroute.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“tohangmyhaton”likelymeaninparagraph3?A.Formal. B.Specific. C.Dependable. D.Ordinary.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutBillBuda?A.Hepersonallyfoundhisjobaseasyaspie.B.Hedreamedtobeamailmanwheninyouth.C.Hehadtocleanupthemailpilinguphimself.D.Hewaslookingforwardtohisretirementlife.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A.AMailCarrier’sRetirementLifeB.AHeartwarmingRetirementCelebrationC.TheImportanceofDevotiontoWorkD.TheImpressionofFamilyMembers【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了BillBuda作为邮递员在社区的最后一天工作的经历，以及他之前的人生经历和退休后的计划。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段““PeoplewillNEVERforgethowyoumadethemfeel.”hetoldGoodMorningAmerica.(“人们永远不会忘记你给他们带来的感受。”他告诉《早安美国》)”以及““WhenyousecallthatonSaturday,Iguessfor24andahalfyearsonthisroute,Ireallymusthavedonesomethingright.Soitwasfantastic.”hesaid.(“当你在周六看到这一切时，我想在这条路线上工作的24年半时间里，我肯定真的做对了一些事。所以这感觉太棒了。”他说道)”可知，在长达24年半的工作时间里，他给邻居们带来了美好的感受，对邻居们产生了积极影响。由此可知，BillBuda很受欢迎，因为他对邻居们产生了影响。故选B。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词组上文“Iwassoluckytoworkcontinuouslyfor11years.(我很幸运能够连续工作11年)”可推测，他工作可靠，是值得为之骄傲的事。由此可知，划线词组tohangmyhaton与选项C“dependable(可靠的)”意思相近。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Asforhisplanforretirement,hecouldn’twaittoattendanysportingeventhecouldandgeteveryoneinhisfamilyonschedule.(至于退休后的计划，他迫不及待地想要去参加各种体育赛事，还打算让家里的每个人都能按计划行事)”可知，他迫不及待地想按计划开启退休生活，参加体育赛事等。由此推知，他很期待退休生活。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“BillBuda’sdaughterAlexaBudasharedavideoonherInstagram,documentingherdad’slastdayasamailcarrierintheirneighborhood.Intheclip,BillBudawasseendeliveringthemailtodifferenthouseswhilehisfamilyacpaniedhim.munitymembersgatheredtocelebratewithdrawingsandsweetnotes.(BillBuda的女儿AlexaBuda在她的Instagram上分享了一段视频，记录了她父亲作为当地邮递员的最后一天。在这段视频中，可以看到BillBuda在家人的陪伴下，挨家挨户地投递邮件。社区居民们拿着绘画作品和温馨的纸条，聚在一起为他庆祝)”以及全文内容可知，文章围绕BillBuda作为邮递员退休展开，讲述了他退休当天家人陪伴，社区居民拿着绘画和纸条为他庆祝，这种退休庆祝场面十分温馨感人。由此可知，B“AHeartwarmingRetirementCelebration(一场温馨感人的退休庆祝)”能很好地概括文章主要内容。故选B。CTheoldfashionedword“demure”describingthesortofmodest(端庄的)ladythatVictoriansadmiredisfreshlypopularwith800,000postsonTikToktaggedwith“demure”.Youthtodayareusingitwithdifferentmeaningstodescribenearlyeverything.TikTokwherewordsspreadfarandfastischanginghowyoungpeopletalk.Oldwordslike“coquette”arefashionableagain:membersofGenerationZsay“yapping”insteadof“talking”.Newwordslike“skibidi”(meaning“cool”,“bad”or“very”)havealsobeepopular.Eachyearatleast100EnglishwordsareproducedorgivennewmeaningonTikTok.Somelinguists(语言学家)thinktheplatformischangingnotjustwhatyoungpeoplearesaying,buthowtheyaresayingit.ThechanginglanguageonTikTokisalsolargelyduetotheageofitsusers.Mostare1834yearsold.Fordecadesyoungpeoplehavecreatedwordstotellthemselvesfromadults.Suchnewexpressionsfindabigaudienceonsocialmedia.ChristianIIbury,alinguist,describesthisas“linguisticidentitywork”;parentshavelongcalleditattentionseeking.TheTikTokplatformalsogathersfangroupsandmunities,from“kpopfans”(fansofKoreanpopmusic)to“booktokers”(readingfans),whocreatetheirownslang.Otherslangesfromspecificgroups:blackpeoplehavecreatedandspreadhundredsofEnglishwordsovertheyears,from“cool”to“tea”(gossip).Journalistsandscreenwriterspopularisesuchwords;nowTikTokersdo,too.AllthisspeedsupthedevelopmentoflanguageonTikTok,whichdelightswordloversbutconfusesdictionarymakers,whomustkeeparecordoftheeverexpandingvocabulary.TheOxfordEnglishDictionary(OED)addsawordonlyafterithasbeenusedforaboutfiveyears.Forexample,“bingeworthy”isbeingaddedwhile“rizz”(charm)hasn’tyetbeenincluded.TikTokhasjustthephrasetodescribesuchamodestapproach:verydemure.8.Whichofthefollowingstatementsabout“demure”isNOTtrue?A.Itismainlyusedandspreadonlinebyoldpeople.B.IthasgainedgrowingpopularityonTikTokrecently.C.ItdescribedmodestwomenrespectedintheVictorianage.D.Itnowcanrefertosomethingadvancingsloworoutoffashion.9.Whatcanweinferabout“linguisticidentitywork”?A.Itislimitedtokpopfans. B.Itisdevelopedbyblackpeople.C.Itsetstheyouthapartfromadults. D.Itharmsthedevelopmentoflanguage.10.WhomayfindthelanguageonTikTokannoying?A.Languagecreators. B.Kpopfans.C.Dictionarymakers. D.Journalistsandscreenwriters.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhispassage?A.Tosharetheauthor’sownexperienceofusingTikTok.B.TodescribethewaylanguageiswidelyusedonTikTok.C.TopersuadereaderstousewordsonTikTokliketheyouth.D.ToexplainwhyTikTokischanginghowandwhattheyouthspeak.【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章围绕TikTok如何改变年轻人的语言使用习惯这一主题展开，介绍了相关现象、原因及影响。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Youthtodayareusingitwithdifferentmeaningstodescribenearlyeverything.(今天的年轻人用不同的意思来描述几乎所有的事情)”可知，关于demure的说法中，A选项“主要由老年人在网上使用和传播”不正确。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Fordecadesyoungpeoplehavecreatedwordstotellthemselvesfromadults.Suchnewexpressionsfindabigaudienceonsocialmedia.(几十年来，年轻人创造了一些词语来区分自己和成年人。这些新表达在社交媒体上获得了大量用户)”可推知，“语言认同工作”有助于年轻人与成年人区分开来。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“AllthisspeedsupthedevelopmentoflanguageonTikTok,whichdelightswordloversbutconfusesdictionarymakers,whomustkeeparecordoftheeverexpandingvocabulary.(所有这些都加速了TikTok上语言发展，这让词汇爱好者感到高兴，但却让词典编纂者感到困惑，他们必须记录不断扩大的词汇)”可知，词典的编纂人会觉得TikTok上的语言很烦人。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“TikTokwherewordsspreadfarandfastischanginghowyoungpeopletalk.(词汇传播迅速的抖音正在改变年轻人的说话方式)”以及第二段“Somelinguists(语言学家)thinktheplatformischangingnotjustwhatyoungpeoplearesaying,buthowtheyaresayingit.(一些语言学家认为，这个平台不仅改变了年轻人的说话内容，还改变了他们说话的方式)”结合文章围绕TikTok如何改变年轻人的语言使用习惯这一主题展开，介绍了相关现象、原因及影响。由此推知，作者在这篇文章中想要解释为什么抖音正在改变年轻人说话的方式和内容。故选D。DScientistssaythey’vediscoveredanearthquakelikeeventthatcanhappenduringahurricaneorotherstorms.Researcherscalledita“stormquake”afterstudyingeventscausedbyearthquakesontheseafloorduringsuchstorms.Strongenergyfromhurricanesandseriousstormscancreateverylargewavesintheocean.“Thesewavestheninteractinsomeplaceswithsolidearthundertheseatocauseintenseseismic(地震的)sourceactivity,”saidtheleaderresearcherFan,aprofessoratFloridaStateUniversity,“Theexcitingpartisthatseismicsourcescausedbyhurricanescanlastforhoursorevendays.”Theresearchersfoundevidence(证据)ofmorethan10,000stormquakesincoastalareasoftheU.S.andCanada,whichhavehappenedaroundseafloorscontainingflatlandandatlowerdepths.Butitwasnotknownuntilrecentlythatsucheventsevenexisted.Thisismainlybecausescientistsstudyingearthquakeshadgenerallyconsideredoceancausedseismicwavesas“backgroundnoise”.TheresearchfoundmajorU.S.hurricaneshadproducedalotofstormquakes.OneexamplewasHurricaneBillin2009intheAtlanticOcean,causingabout300stormquakesasitmovednorth.ButnosuchactivitywasrecordedinareasalongtheU.S.EastCoast.TheteamnotedthatevenHurricaneSandy,oneofthebiggeststormsinU.S.history,didnotcauseasinglestormquake.Fansaysthissuggeststhatstormquakesarestronglyinfluencedbythephysicalshapeoftheseafloor’ssurfaceandseafloorconditions.Fanaddedthattherearestill“lotsofunknowns”aboutstormquakes.Buthesaiddiscoveringthem“suggestswearereachinganewlevelofunderstandingseismicwaves”.Hehopesthediscoverywillleadtoimprovedstudymethodsforhurricanes,whichinthepastweremainlyobservedfromsatellitesinthesky.“Nowweareabletounderstanditoratleasttrackpartofitsroutethroughthesolidearthaswell,”hesaid.12.Whatisthecharacteristicofastormquakeaccordingtothispassage?A.Beingseasonal. B.Beingunexpected.C.Beinglonglasting. D.Beingglobal.13.Whywerestormquakesunknowntosciencebefore?A.Becausetheywereignoredbyscientists.B.BecausetheywerehardlyseenontheEarth.C.Becausetheyweresimilartomonearthquakes.D.Becausetheygenerallyhappenedindeepseafloors.14.WhatmessageisconveyedinParagraph4?A.Allhurricanesdon’tleadtostormquakes.B.StormquakeshappenmorealongtheEastCoast.C.Stormquakesinfluencetheseafloor’sconditions.D.Strongerhurricanesproducebiggerstormquakes.15.Whatisthesignificanceofthediscovery?A.Helpingtopredictanearthquakemoreexactly.B.Offeringadifferentviewonhurricaneresearches.CSuggestingtherichnessoftheseismicwavefield.D.Preventingpossiblehurricanesandlesseninglosses.【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种类似地震的自然现象——“风暴地震”，介绍了其形成过程、特点和影响其形成的条件，这一发现有助于改进飓风研究方法。12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theexcitingpartisthatseismicsourcescausedbyhurricanescanlastforhoursorevendays.(令人兴奋的是，飓风引起的震源可以持续数小时甚至数天。)”可知，风暴地震的显著特征是持续时间长。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thisismainlybecausescientistsstudyingearthquakeshavegenerallyconsideredoceancausedseismicwavesas‘backgroundnoise’.(这主要是因为研究地震的科学家通常认为海洋地震波是‘背景噪音’。)”可知，以前的科学对风暴地震一无所知，是因为他们曾经被科学家当成“背景噪音”忽视了。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“TheteamnotedthatevenHurricaneSandy,oneofthemostcostlystormsinU.S.history,didnotcauseasinglestormquake.Fansaysthissuggeststhatstormquakesarestronglyinfluencedbythephysicalshapeoftheseafloor’ssurfaceandseafloorconditions.(研究小组指出，即使是飓风桑迪，美国历史上最严重的风暴之一，也没有造成风暴地震。Fan说，这说明风暴地震的形成受海底表面物理形状和海底条件的影响很大。)”可推知，并不是所有的飓风都带来风暴地震。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hehopesthediscoverywillleadtoimprovedstudymethodsforhurricanes,whichinthepasthavemainlybeenobservedfromsatellitesinthesky.(他希望这一发现将有助于改进研究飓风的方法，过去主要是通过空中卫星观测飓风。)”可知，这个发现的意义是为研究飓风提供了另一个角度。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Arecentstudyfoundpeoplewithhobbiesreportedfewersignsofdepressionandgreaterhealth,happinessthanthosewithouthobbies.____16____Hereareseveralideasforhowtousethemtoyouradvantage.Forpeoplewhogetphysicallyactive,theeffectscanbefarreaching.Runningisknowntoimprovecardiovascular(心血管的)fitness.Meanwhile,researchshowsitimproveschildren’sgradesandpreventsdepressiongreatly.____17____Likerunning,swimmingimprovescardiovascularhealthandlungcapacity.Timeinthewatercanreducemooddisordersandstrengthenmemoryfunction.Moreover,whileswimmersandjoggerslivedafewyearslonger,tennisplayerssurvivedbyalmostadecade.____18____Diet,likeexercise,isbasictogoodhealth.Preparingmealsathomeisaneffectiveway.Kidswhogardendevelopgreenfingersandlifeskills,beingmorefocusedandconfident.Afteryouharvestfreshvegetablestogether,it’stimetoenterthekitchen.Researchshowscooking—followingrecipes,measuringingredients,multitasking—reducesstressandinspiresmemory.Plus,hereisgoodnewsforartlovers.Accordingtoonestudy,mostparticipantsfeltmoreconfidentaftermakingartforaslittleas45minutes.Anotherrelatedstudyfoundpaintinggreatlyloweredparticipants’levelsofstress.____19____Musictherapyisknowntoimprovepatients’concentrationandreducepainortiredness.Simplysteppingoutdoorsisoneofthebestthingsyoucando.Naturehasthepowertoreducerisksofmentalillnessandimprovepeople’screativethinkingandmemoryperformances.Aresearchprovedtimeingreenspacessuchasforestsandrivershashealingpowerandstrengthenstheimmunesystem.____20____Thengohomeandputonsomefavoritemusicwhileyoucookupdinnerwithyourkids.Callitadayofhealthyhobbies.A.Guideyourkidsfromthegardentothekitchentable.B.Inall,developyourhobbiesandmakefulluseofthem.C.However,musichasapositiveinfluenceonoverallhealth.D.Playingorlisteningtomusiccanalsostrengthenone’shealth.E.Also,theresearchremendedsomeespeciallyhealthychoices.F.So,takeaneveningoraweekendwalkinthewoodsoraroundalake.G.Swimmingisanotherwholebodyexercisesuitableforpeopleofallages.【答案】16.E17.G18.A19.D20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是爱好对个人健康和幸福的积极影响，以及如何通过参与不同类型的活动来促进身心健康和发展。【16题详解】根据空前的“Arecentstudyfoundpeoplewithhobbiesreportedfewersignsofdepressionandgreaterhealth,happinessthanthosewithouthobbies.(最近的一项研究发现，有爱好的人比没有爱好的人更少有抑郁的迹象，更健康、更快乐)”可知，研究发现，有业余爱好比没有爱好的人更快乐、更健康，结合下文的“Hereareseveralideasforhowtousethemtoyouradvantage.(这里有一些如何利用它们的方法)”可知，此处指出下文要讲述利用这些业余爱好，由此可知，此空应承上启下，E选项“Also,theresearchremendedsomeespeciallyhealthychoices.(此外，该研究还推荐了一些特别健康的选择)”中的research指的是上文中的Arecentstudy，且空后的them指代的是该选项中的healthychoices，并引出下文中讲述的内容，符合语境。故选E项。【17题详解】根据下文的“Likerunning,swimmingimprovescardiovascularhealthandlungcapacity.(和跑步一样，游泳可以改善心血管健康和肺活量)”可知，此处指出游泳的好处，由此可推断，此空应引出游泳这项运动，G选项“Swimmingisanotherwholebodyexercisesuitableforpeopleofallages.(游泳是另一种适合所有年龄人群的全身运动)”引出下文讲述的游泳的好处，符合语境。故选G项。【18题详解】分析语篇，此处应是本段讲述的主题句，结合空后的“Diet,likeexercise,isbasictogoodhealth.(饮食和运动一样，是健康的基础)”可知，本段讲述的内容应与饮食相关，A选项“Guideyourkidsfromthegardentothekitchentable.(引导你的孩子从花园走向餐桌)”讲述的内容与饮食习惯相关，概括了本段的主题，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】根据下文的“Musictherapyisknowntoimprovepatients’concentrationandreducepainortiredness.(众所周知，音乐疗法可以提高患者的注意力，减轻疼痛或疲劳)”可知，此处介绍的是音乐给人们带来的好处，所以此空应引出音乐，D选项“Playingorlisteningtomusiccanalsostrengthenone’shealth.(演奏或听音乐也可以增强一个人的健康)”指出了演奏或听音乐有助于健康，引出下文，符合语境。故选D项。【20题详解】根据上文的“Aresearchprovedtimeingreenspacessuchasforestsandrivershashealingpowerandstrengthenstheimmunesystem.(一项研究证明，在森林和河流等绿色空间中度过的时间具有治愈力，并能增强免疫系统)”可知，研究表明，在森林和河流等绿色空间中度过的时间有治愈作用，F选项“So,takeaneveningoraweekendwalkinthewoodsoraroundalake.(所以，晚上或周末到树林里或湖边散步)”讲述的内容与上文的内容吻合，且与上文讲述的内容为因果关系，与下文的“Thengohomeandputonsomefavoritemusicwhileyoucookupdinnerwithyourkids.(然后回家，放一些你最喜欢的音乐，和你的孩子一起做饭)”衔接，其中的then为解题关键信息，且总结了上文中讲述的几种爱好相关的内容：聆听音乐和做饭，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Let’sbereal—stoppingmyownexcuseshasbeenalongdifficultroad.Iusedtobethatpersonwhocould____21____myselfoutofalmostanything.“I’llworkouttomorrow.”or“It’sjustnotagoodtime”—Ihadamentallibraryoftheselittle____22____thatkeptmefromactuallydoingwhatIwanted.TheturningpointcamewhenI____23____thatthesesmallthingswereaddingup,andtheywerecreatingthislowlevel____24____thatIjustcouldn’tavoid.Iwasgetting____25____withmyselfandfeelinglikeIcouldn’tgetmyacttogether.So,Idecidedtotrysomething____26____.Firstly,Istartedmaking____27____withmyselftojustdoatinybit.Like,“Youonlyhaveto____28____fiveshirts,”“Justwashthedishesforfiveminutes,”or“JustreadingonlytwopagesofhistorybookisOK.”Itsoundssurprisingly____29____,butonceIgotgoing.I’dusuallyjustkeepgoingandcouldneverstop.Fiveminuteswouldturnintofifteen,halfanhourandevenhours.ItmadethewholethingfeelmuchlessstressfulandIstartedto_____30_____myselfmoretogetthingsdone.Butthereisasayingofwisdom,“Don’tbetoohardonyourself.”Then,Ibeganlearninghowto_____31_____callmyselfout.WhenI’dstartsaying“I’lldoittomorrow”,thenIwould_____32_____with“Youknowthat’sjustanexcuse.”Iwouldn’tshoutatmyself,butI’d_____33_____myselfofhowgooditfeltifIactuallyfollowedthrough.Yes,nowIstillhave_____34_____days,butIdoknowthatstartingsmallandstayingkindtomyselfworksbetterthananybig_____35_____.21.A.decide B.encourage C.beg D.talk22.A.stories B.books C.excuses D.surprises23.A.realized B.mented C.regarded D.proposed24.A.personality B.stress C.solution D.attempt25.A.addicted B.awkward C.frightened D.annoyed26.A.different B.extra C.traditional D.creative27.A.deals B.excuses C.promises D.experiments28.A.makeup B.cleanup C.cutout D.checkout29.A.amazing B.small C.classic D.suitable30.A.recognize B.forgive C.organize D.trust31.A.equally B.gently C.actually D.publicly32.A.reply B.fight C.fort D.pete33.A.limit B.persuade C.remind D.demand34.A.fluent B.lazy C.busy D.confusing35.A.schedule B.focus C.goal D.strategy【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.B25.D26.A27.A28.B29.B30.D31.B32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者如何克服自己的惰性，通过设定小目标并逐步实现，以及如何通过温和地提醒自己而非严厉自责来改善行为习惯。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我曾经是那种几乎能为任何事给自己找到推脱理由的人。A.decide决定；B.encourage鼓励；C.beg恳求；D.talk谈话。根据下文““I’llworkouttomorrow.”or“It’sjustnotagoodtime”—Ihadamentallibraryoftheselittle____2____thatkeptmefromactuallydoingwhatIwanted.”可知，作者过去常给自己找借口，“talkoneselfoutofsth.”表示“为自己不做某事找借口”，符合语境。故选D。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我明天再锻炼。”或者“现在时机不合适”——我的脑海里储备着一大堆这样的小借口，让我无法真正去做自己想做的事。A.stories故事；B.books书本；C.excuses借口；D.surprises惊喜。根据上文“Let’sbereal—stoppingmyownexcuseshasbeenalongdifficultroad.”可知，空处指的是作者所谓的让自己不行动的借口。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：转折点出现在我意识到这些小借口不断累积，进而产生了一种我无法逃避的轻微压力的时候。A.realized明白、意识到；B.mented评论；C.regarded认为；D.proposed提议。根据空后“thesesmallthingswereaddingup,andtheywerecreatingthislowlevel____4____thatIjustcouldn’tavoid.”可知，作者突然意识到这件事。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：转折点出现在我意识到这些小借口不断累积，进而产生了一种我无法逃避的轻微压力的时候。A.personality个性；B.stress压力；C.solution解决方案；D.attempt试图。根据下文“ItmadethewholethingfeelmuchlessstressfulandIstartedto____10____myselfmoretogetthingsdone.”中的“lessstressful”可推测，作者发现小借口不断积累，让自己有了压力。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始生自己的气，感觉自己做事总是一团糟。A.addicted上瘾的；B.awkward尴尬的；C.frightened害怕的；D.annoyed恼怒的。根据下文“feelinglikeIcouldn’tgetmyacttogether.”可知，作者觉得自己做事总是一团糟，由此可推测，作者感到很恼怒。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：于是，我决定尝试一些不一样的方法。A.different不同的；B.extra额外的；C.traditional传统的；D.creative有创造性的。根据上文“TheturningpointcamewhenI____3____thatthesesmallthingswereaddingup”以及下文“Idoknowthatstartingsmallandstayingkindtomyselfworksbetterthananybig____15____.”可知，作者意识到这样不对之后，开始改变，也就是尝试了一些不同的方法。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，我开始和自己达成“小约定”，只做一点点事。A.deals交易；B.excuses借口；C.promises承诺；D.experiments实验。根据下文“Like.“Youonlyhaveto____8____fiveshirts,”“Justwashthedishesforfiveminutes,”or“JustreadingonlytwopagesofhistorybookisOK.””可知，作者和自己做约定，只做一点点事情。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：比如，“你只需要整理五件衬衫”，“就洗五分钟碗”，或者“只读两页历史书就行”。A.makeup组成、编造；B.cleanup清理、整理；C.cutout减掉；D.checkout结账离开。根据空后“fiveshirts”以及上下文所说的做一点点事情可推测，空处指的是整理衬衫。故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这听起来微不足道，但一旦开始，我通常就会停不下来。A.amazing令人惊奇的；B.small小的；C.classic经典的；D.suitable适合的。根据上文“Firstly,Istartedmaking____7____withmyselftojustdoatinybit.Like,“Youonlyhaveto____8____fiveshirts,”“Justwashthedishesforfiveminutes,”or“JustreadingonlytwopagesofhistorybookisOK.””中的“atinybit”以及所提及的具体小事可知，空处指的是“小事”。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让整件事感觉压力小多了，而且我也开始更相信自己能把事情做完。A.recognize认出；B.forgive原谅；C.organize组织；D.trust信任。根据上文“Itmadethewholethingfeelmuchlessstressful”可知，通过这样做，作者感到压力小些。由此可推测，作者开始有自信，相信自己能将事情做完。故选D。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：于是，我开始学着温和地提醒自己。A.equally平等地；B.gently温柔地；C.actually实际上；D.publicly公开地。根据下文“Iwouldn’tshoutatmyself,butI’d____13____myselfofhowgooditfeltifIactuallyfollowedthrough.”中的“wouldn’tshoutatmyself”可知，作者是温和地提醒自己。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我又要说“我明天再做”的时候，我会回应自己：“你知道那只是个借口。”A.reply回复；B.fight打架；C.fort安慰；D.pete竞争。根据上文“WhenI’dstart