上海市嘉定区2024-2025学年高二上册期末英语质量检测试卷（附答案）

上海市嘉定区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语质量检测试卷I.ListeningComprehension(25')SectionA(10')Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atagasstation.B.Atabusstation.C.Atatrainstation.D.Atanairport.2.A.$10.B.$4.C.$14.D.$40.3.A.Doctorandpatient.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Receptionistandguest.D.Waiteranddiner.4.A.Shehasgoteverythingready.B.Sheneedsmoretimeforpacking.C.Shehatespackingbyherself.D.Sheneverhesitatesoverwhattotake.5.A.Theyshouldstartthemeetingrightaway.B.Theyshouldstayhereforthenight.C.TheyshouldwaitforJohnforawhile.D.TheyshouldcallJohnatonce.6.A.Serious.B.Ridiculous.C.Reasonable.D.Bright.7.A.Sheisn'tinthemoodtotravelB.Franceistoofarforfamilyholiday.C.Shehashadtoomanyholidaysthisyear.D.Familyholidaynolongerinterestsher.8.A.Gosightseeing.B.Sendleaflets.C.Visitalawyer.D.Dosomegardening.9.A.Themanhastoomanykeys.B.Themanshouldn'tgetannoyed.C.Themanistooforgetful.D.Themanshouldattendmorelessons.10.A.Hedoesn'talwayssaywhathemeans.B.Hethinkshissignatureisunnecessary.C.Hehasalreadysignedacontract.D.Hewantstoliveinapartments.SectionB(15')Directions:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswilonce.Whenenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Giveorderstorobots.B.Usethecompany'sequipment.C.Makedecisionsforthecompany.D.ActasBigBrother.12.A.Employeesenjoyworkingthere.B.Employeessuspectoneanother.C.Employees'childrenarehappy.D.Employeesgainfullfreedom.13.A.Reward.BTrust.C.Safety.D.Honesty.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Recreatinganenvironment.B.Makingaprofit.C.Educationchildren.D.Savingrareanimals.15.A.Animalscanfeelboredandsad.B.Animalsmustlivetheirlivesincages.C.Animalsmakevisitorsstressful.D.Animalsareindangerofextinction.16.A.Theyhavemoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.B.Theyarestillusefulandnecessary.C.Theyareaperfectenvironmentforanimals.D.Theyarerecreationalplacesforanimals.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.It'ssomethingyouhavetothinkabout.B.Itcomesfromtheheart.C.Itnevergetsboring.D.It'snotafeelingoranemotion.18.A.Shehadlongblackhair.B.Sheworebluejeans.C.Sheneverworepants.D.Sheworeblackleatherclothes.19.A.UpYourAlley.B.GaryGlitterC.TheBlackhearts.D.SlyandtheFamilyStone.20.A.Shestillwantstoperform.B.Peoplestilldon'tunderstandher.C.Shedidn'tactuallyhavemuchinfluence.D.Sheisastaronthestage.IL.GrammarandVocabulary(20')SectionA(10')Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Tech-FreeClassroom:FosteringDeepLearningandInteractionLikemanyotherpeople,Ilovemysmartphone,whichkeepsmeconnectedwith21(large)world.Ialsolovemylaptop,becauseitholdsallofmywritingandthoughts.However,Iknowtherearetimes22Ineedtomoveawayfromthesedevicesandtrulycommunicatewithothers.Onoccasion,Iteach23coursecalledHistoryMatterstoagroupofhighereducationmanagers.Mygoalsfortheclassincludeafulldiscussionofhistoricalthemesandideas.24Iwantstudentstothoroughlystudythematerialsandexchangetheirideaswitheachotherintheclassroom,Ihavearule-nolaptop,iPads,phones,etc.Whenstudents25(tell)myruleinadvanceoftheclass,someofthemwerenothappy.Moststudentsassumethatmyreasonsforthisruleincludeunpleasantexperiencesinthepastwithstudentsmisusingtechnology.There'sabitoftruthtothat.SomestudentsassumethatIamanti-technology.There'snotruthinthatatall.TherealreasonwhyIaskstudents26(leave)technologyatthedooristhatIthinkthereareveryfewplacesinwhichwe27havedeepconversationsandtrulyengagecomplexideas.Interruptionsbytechnologyoftenbreakconcentrationandallowfortoomuchdependenceonoutsideinformationforideas.Iwantstudentstodigdeepwithin28forinspirationandideas.I29(teach)myhistoryclassinthiswayformanyyearsandtheevaluationsreflectstudentsatisfactionwiththeenvironmentthatIcreate.Studentsrealizethatwithdeepconversationandchallenge,theylearnatalevelthathelpsthemkeepthecoursematerials30theclassroom.SectionB(10')Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonce.Noteonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.statisticsB.generousC.impactD.threateningE.chanceF.benefitG.highlightH.contributionI.furtherJ.additionK.buildingTheArtofFund-raising:KeyStepsforNonprofitOrganizationstoAttractDonationsAttractingdonationsisachiefconcernfornonprofitorganizationsandprojects.Aneffective,professionaldonation-requestletterisanecessarytoolforfund-raising.Researchingpossibledonorsand31adatabaseofnamesandorganizationsisonekeytosuccess,buttheabilitytowriteadonation-requestletterhasanevengreater32onsuccessfulfund-raising.ResearchpotentialdonorsviatheInternet.Researchsmallcompaniesin33tolargefoundations.Sometimesasmalllocalcompanywillassistyouinreachingyourgoal.Asimpleappealtoapublic-spiritedlocalfirmmayinspireasurprisingly34donation.Findtheappropriatecontactperson.Addressyourlettertoarealpersonwhoisinapositiontoentitleadonation.Beginningyourletterwith"ToWhomItMayConcern"or"DearCountryMarket"standslittle35ofattractingtheattentionoftherightstaffmember.Andthen,structuretheletterproperly.Beginyourletterwithavividandreadabledescriptionofyourorganization'swork,and36arecentsuccessstory.Continuewithafewgeneral37toimpressthecontactpersonwithyourorganization'sefficiencyandeffectiveness.Next,describeinfullthecurrentprojectoreffortforwhichadonationisneededandwhowill38.Includeallcontactinformationincludingtelephone,faxandemail,andendbyinvitingthepersontocontactyouifany39informationisneeded.Finally,handonthelettertocolleaguesforproofreadingandsuggestions.Keepcarefulrecordsofdonationsandsendthank-youletters.Donorsoftenarewillingtocontributeagainiftheyareshownhowtheir40wasputtouse.Follow-upletterscanassistinthiseffort.III.ReadingComprehension(45')SectionA(15')Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Today,therearemanyavenues(大街：途径)opentothosewhowishtocontinuetheireducation.However,nearlyallrequiresome41inone'scareerinordertoattendschoolfulltime.Part-timeeducation,thatis,attendingschoolatnightorforoneweekendamonth,tendstodragthe42outovertimeandputsthecompletionofadegreeprogramoutofreachofmanypeople.43,suchprogramsrequireafixedtimecommitmentwhichcanalsoimpact44onone'scareerandfamilytime.Ofthemany45toteachingandlearning,however,perhapsthemostflexibleandaccommodatingisthatcalleddistancelearning.Distancelearningisaneducationalmethod,whichallowsthestudentsthe46tostudyathisorherownpacetoachievethe47goals,whicharesonecessaryintoday'sworld.Thetimerequiredtostudymaybesetasideatthestudent'sconveniencewithdue48toalllife'sotherrequirements.Besides,thestudentmay49indistancelearningcoursesfromvirtuallyanyplaceintheworld,whilecontinuingtopursuetheirchosencareer.Tutorialassistancemaybe50throughregularairmail,telephone,faxmachine,teleconferencingandovertheInternet.Gooddistancelearningprogramsarecharacterizedbytheinclusionofasubject51toolwitheverysubject.Thisprecludes(排除)therequirementforastudenttotravelawayfromhometotakeatest.Anothercharacteristicofagooddistance-learningprogramisthe52ofthedistance-learningcoursewiththesamesubjectmaterialsasthosestudentstakingthecourseonthehomecampus.Theresultantdiplomaordegreeshouldalsobethesamewhetherdistance-learningoron-campusstudyisemployed.Inthefinalanalysis,agooddistancelearningprogramhasaplacenotonlyforthe53studentsbutalsothecorporationorbusinessthatwantstoworkinpartnershipwiththeiremployeesfortheeducationalbenefit,professionaldevelopment,andbusinessgrowthoftheorganization.54distancelearningprogramsfortheiremployeesgivesthebusinesstheadvantageofretaining(保留)career-mindedpeoplewhile55totheirpersonalandprofessionalgrowththrougheducation.41.A.changeB.interestC.breakD.experience42.A.progressB.processC.possibilityD.property43.A.FortunatelyB.TraditionallyC.SurprisinglyD.Additionally44.A.favorablyB.reasonablyC.appropriatelyD.negatively45.A.attitudesB.complaintsC.approachesD.difficulties46.A.flexibilityB.visibilityC.individualityD.responsibility47.A.separateB.relevantC.academicD.professional48.A.regardB.accountC.desireD.ability49.A.encloseB.emergeC.enrollD.evolve50.A.vacantB.availableC.adequateD.reliable51.A.investigationB.evaluationC.registrationD.participation52.A.qualificationB.combinationC.equivalenceD.demonstration53.A.individualB.independentC.outstandingD.distinguished54.A.RequiringB.SponsoringC.ProtestingD.Indicating55.A.respondingB.contributingC.objectingD.addingSectionB(22')Directions:Readthefollowingtwopassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhaveread.(A)In1969,ashipcarrying90passengersarrivedinAntarcticwaters.Sincethen,Antarctictourismhasincreasednoticeably.Nowadays,over35,000visitorsaseasoncametotheAntarcticduringsummer,withtheintentionofvisitingcoloniesofpenguins.Thatworriesmanyenvironmentalists,whofearsuchquantitiesofpeoplemaybedisturbingthepenguins.However,astudypublishedinPolarBiologybyMaureenLynchofStonyBrookUniversitybringsgoodnewsforpenguins,touristsandtour-operatorsalike-forthetourists'visitsarenotstressingthebirdsatall.TheconventionalwayofdecidingwhethervisitsbytouristsarestressfultotheanimalsistorecruitabunchofPhDstudentstoobservethoseanimalsandmakeanumberofbehavioralobservationswhentouristsareandarenotpresent.Thisisdifficultandexpensive,forevenPhDstudentsneedtobehousedandfed.Anotherchoiceistosampletheanimals'bloodandanalyzeitforstresshormones.Theproblemwiththisisthatcatchinganimalstomeasuretheirhormonelevelsisstressful.Thereis,however,athirdway,whichistolookforstresshormonesinanimals'droppings(排泄物).Dr.Lynchknewfrompreviousworkbyherpartnerthatsomestresshormonesshowupinpenguinwastes,andthathormoneconcentrationsindroppingswentupshortlyafteranimalswereapproachedbyhumanbeings,andthenreturnedtonormallater.Withthatinmind,shedecidedtocomparedroppingsfrompenguincoloniesvisitedbylotsoftouristswiththoselessvisited.Astheresearchersexpected,allcollectedsamplescontainedrelatedstresshormones.Contrarytotheirexpectations,however,therewerenosignificantdifferencesbetweensamplesfromdifferentsites,regardlessofthenumberofvisitorsthosesitesplayedhostto.Itseems,then,eitherthatpenguinsdonotworryabouthumanvisitorsinthefirstplace,orthattheyquicklygetusedtothem.Whatismore,Dr.Lynch'smethodprovidesaneasywaytomonitorthesituation.Ifagrowingnumberoftouristsputthebirdsunderstress,itwillbepossibletoadvisetouroperatorstoconsidertheirbusinessatless-visitedcolonies.56.WhatdoweknowaboutAntarctictourism?A.Itenjoyedpopularityin1969.B.Itattractsvisitorsinalltheyearround.C.Ithaddisturbedthepenguins.D.Itallowspeopletoseepenguins.57.Theproblemoftheconventionalmethodliesin__A.thedifficultyinrecruitingPhDstudentsB.comparisonofpenguins'behaviorsC.highcostsrequiredintheAntarcticD.thehugetroubleofcatchinganimals58.WhatdidDr.Lynch'spartnerfindaboutpenguinwaste?A.Itshormoneswereatnormallevels.B.Ithadhighlevelofstresshormones.C.Itshormonelevelwasunstable.D.Itcontainedcertainstresshormones.59.Whatcanwelearnfromtheanalysisofthecollectedsamples'?A.Penguinsarehardlystressedbytourists.B.Penguinsareusedtovisitors.C.Penguinsareafraidofvisitors.D.Penguinsarealwaysundergreatstress.(B)Bloodisblueinsideyourbody.Humanbloodisthesamecolorinsideyourbodyasitisoutside:red.Ourveins(血管)lookbluebecausethetissuecoveringthemchangesthewaylightisabsorbedandscattered,whichaffectsourperceptionoftheircolor.PaulRevereshouted"TheBritisharecoming!"YoucanthankHenryWadsworthLongfellowandhispoem"PaulRevere'sRide"forspreadingthattale.Nooneknowswhat,ifanything.RevereshoutedthroughthestreetsofLexington,Massachusetts,thoughwedoknowhetoldoneguardthat"theregularsarecomingout."Thehottestpartofachillpepperistheseeds.Capsaicin,achemicalcompoundthatbindstothepainreceptorsonournervestoproducethatfieryheat,ismostconcentratedintheinnershiteribofthechilipepper.Theseedsdon'tactuallycontainanycapsaicin,buttheymaybecoatedinitbecausetheytouchtherib.TheSaharaistheworld'slargestdesert.Technically,Antarcticais.TheU.S.GeologicalSurveydefinesadesertas"aridlandwithmeagerrainfall(usuallylessthanteninchesperyear)thatsupportsonlyrsevegetationandalimitedpopulationofpeopleandanimals."Antarcticaaveragesonlysixinchesofrainayear(mostlyassnow)andisalmost5.5millionsquaremiles.TheSaharaisonly3.3millionsquaremiles.Chameleonscanchangetheircoloringtomatchanybackground.Thelizardsdoadjusttheirskintonetocamouflage(伪装)themselvesincertainenvironments,buttheircolorrangeislimited.ThereallyvibranthuesyouseeonTVandinbooksaren'tusuallymeantfortrickingpredators.Thosechameleonsaretryingtoattractamateordefendtheirterritory.Malechameleonshaveevenbeenknowntochangetheircolorstoappearfemale,whichhelpsthemsneakbyothermaleswithoutthethreatofafight.60.Itis____thatessentiallymake(s)thepeppertastespicy.A.thepainreceptorsonournervesB.thesizeoftheinnerribC.theconcentrationofcapsaicinD.thecoatingoftheseeds61.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.WadsworthwitnessedPaulRevereshout"TheBritisharecoming"withhisowneyes.B.Chameleonschangetheircoloringtoserveotherpurposesotherthancheatingtheirenemies.C.Theabsorptionoflightbythetissuechangesthebloodinsideourbodyfromredintoblue.D.TheSaharaisn'tseenastheworld'slargestdesertbecauseitreceiveslessrainthanAntarctic.62.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.DiscoveriesthatareamazingB.MythsthatareunknownC.FindingsthataresignificantD.Factsthataremisleading(C)Commutertrainsareoftenstuffyandcrowded,andtheyfrequentlyfailtorunontime.Asifthatwerenotbadenough,TsuyoshiHondou,aphysicistatTohokuUniversityinJapan,publishedapaperin2002thatgavecommutersyetanotherreasontofeeluncomfortable.Heexaminedmobile-phoneusageinenclosedcessuchasrailwaycarriages,busesandlifts,allofwhichare,inessence,metalboxes.Hismodelpredictedthatalargenumberofpassengerscrowdedtogether,alltalking,sendingtextmessages,orbrowsingthewebontheirphones,couldproducelevelsofelectromagneticradiation(电磁辐射)thatexceedinternationalsafetystandards.Thatisbecausetheradiowavesproducedbyeachphonearereflectedoffthemetalwallsofthecarriage,busorlift.Enoughradiationescapestoallowthephonetocommunicatewiththenetwork,buttherestbathestheinsideofthecarriagewithbouncingmicrowaves.Thissoundsworrying.Butmaybeitisn'tafterall.InapaperpublishedrecentlyinAppliedPhysicsLetters,JaimeFerrerfromtheUniversityofOviedoinindisputeDrHondou'sfindings.Heconcludesthatthelevelofradiationissafeafterall.Thekeyadditiontothenewresearchistheeffectofthepassengersthemselves.Whileeachphoneproducesradiationthatbouncesaroundthecar,thepassengersabsorbsomeofit,whichhastheeffectofreducingtheoverallintensity,justasthepresenceofanaudiencechangestheacoustics(音响效果)ofaconcerthall,makingitlessreverberant(回响的).DrHondou'smodel,inshort,wasvalidonlyinthecaseofasinglepassengersittinginanemptycarriagewithanactivemobilephoneoneveryseat.DrHondoudidnotcalculatetheeffectthatleavingouttheotherpassengerswouldhaveontheradiationlevel.Asaresult,hesignificantlyoverestimatedthelevelofelectromagneticradiation.Whenoneissittingonatrain,DrFerrerfound,themostimportantsourcesofradiationareone'sownphone,andthoseofone'simmediateneighbors.Theradiationfromthesesourcesfarexceedsthatfromotherphonesorfromwavesbouncingaroundthecarriage.AndallthesesourcestogetherproducealevelofradiationwithintheboundsdefinedbytheICNIRP,theinternationalsystemthatregulatessuchmatters.Peopleconcernedabouttheeffectsofmobile-phoneradiationareunlikelytotakemuchcomfortfromDrFerrer'sresults.Theyworrythatevensmallamountsofmicrowaveradiation-withintheICNIRP'slimits-mayhaveunfavorablehealtheffects.Theevidencesofarisambiguous,inconsistentandinadequate.Indeed,DrFerrersayshewassurprisedathowlittleresearchhasbeendoneinthisarea.YetbothDrHondou'sresultsandDrFerrer'sarebasedonmathematicalmodels,notphysicalmeasurements.Theirmodelsmakeassumptionsaboutthephysicalpropertiesoftraincarriagesandtheirpassengers,andbothassumethattheradiationisuniformlydistributed(分配)ratherthangatheredinto"hotspots".Butifthedebateaboutthesafetyofmobilephonesistobesettled,theremustbelessrelianceonmodelsandassumptions,andmoreemphasisonhardexperimentaldata.63.WhydoesthepaperpublishedbyDrHondoumakethecommutersworried?A.Becauseheholdstheviewthatcommutertrainsdonotmeetinternationalradiationsafetystandards.B.Becausethecommutersfearthatthemetalwallsoftherailwaycarriagewillthreatentheirhealth.C.Becausethecommutersareafraidthatthetimeforbanningtheuseofmobilephoneintherailwaycarriageisapproaching.D.Becausehethinksthattheradiationproducedbyallthemobilephonesintheenclosedceswillbouncearoundandbeharmful.64.Whatisthecommuters'reactionafterlearningaboutthenewresearchbyDrFerrer?A.Theystillhaveconcernsoverthemobile-phoneradiation.B.TheyexpectDrFerrertocarryoutmoreresearchesinthisarea.C.Theydon'tworryaboutthesafetyofmobilephoneanymore.D.Theyfindtheresultsofalltheresearchesboring.65.DrHondou'sresearchandthatofDrFerrersharethefollowingsimilaritiesEXCEPT__A.theyfocusonasinglepassengerintheemptyrailwaycarriageB.theirfindingsaredevelopedfrommathematicalmodelsC.theirmodelsarebuiltinawaythattheradiationintheenclosedcesisregularlydistributedD.themodelsarebasedonassumptionsaboutthephysicalpropertiesoftraincarriagesandthepassengers66.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtheresearchontheeffectsofmobile-phoneradiation?A.Heissatisfiedwiththeprogressmadesofar.B.Hethinksresearchershavetodependmoreonphysicalexperiments.C.Heissurprisedthattoolittleresearchhasbeencarriedoutinthisarea.D.Hethinksthatthemostimportantthingfortheresearcheristoperfecttheirmodels.SectionC(8')Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Thearticlesinmagazinesaregenerallyshort.B.However,readingmagazinesoffersmanybenefitstoyoungreaders.C.Childrencanpassamagazineontoabrotherorsisterwhentheyfinishreadingit.D.Thebenefitsofreadingmagazinearticlescanbeachievedthroughschoolactivities.E.Instead,itisnecessarytointroducetheirkidstoawiderangeofbooksaswellasmagazines.F.Readingmagazinesenableschildrentobeexposedtovarioussubjects.MagazineArticles:MoreValuableThanYouMayThinkParentsareoftensurprisedwhenteacherssuggesttheirchildrenreadmagazines.Theyfeeltheirkids'readingabilitieshavebeenunderestimated.67Magazinearticlescanprovidereluctantreaderswithalivelywritingstylethatcaninspirethemtoreadmore.68Soachildcanfinishreadinganarticlewithoutlosinginterestduetoashortattentionn(持续时间).Thewritinginmagazinesalsotendstobeeasytoread,especiallyifitisachildren'spublication.Byallowingchildrentoreadmagazinesatanearlyage,parentsareencouragingdevelopmentofausefulskill.Magazinesandnewpersprovideadultswithcriticalnews.Gettingintothehabitofreadingmagazinesasachildwilldevelopthelifelonghabitofreadingnewsarticles.69Magazinearticleschallengestudentstothinkaboutissuestheymayhaveneverconsideredorcausethemtorethinktheirworldview.Informationisavailableinawidevarietyofreadinglevelsbecausemagazinesarewrittenforeveryaudienceimaginable.Manypublicationscoverthesamematerialindifferentwritingstylesthatmightmakeiteasierforyourchildtocomprehend.Whenreadingmagazinestogether,familymembersgettolearnabouteachother'sinterest.70Onceeachfamilymemberhasfinishedreadingeachmagazine,parentscanevendesignartandwritingprojectsforthewholefamilytoworkon.Allinall,magazinesarevaluableformanypeople,butinparticulartochildren.Theskillsthattheyuseandstrengthenwhenreadingmagazinescanbeappliedtofurtherstudy.Encouragingchildrentoreadmagazinescouldchangethemfromareluctantreadertoaloverofreading.IV.SummaryWriting(10')Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.HowtoDealwithPressuresatSchoolAsahighschoolstudent,ifyouarefeelingstressedoutorfrustratedbyteachers,classmates,orschoolwork,itisimportanttoknowthatyouaren'ttheonlyone.Believeitornot,everyonehasthesefeelingsatsomepoint,andeveryoneshouldlearnhowtodealwiththemproperly.Firstofall,youneedtokeepapositiveattitu