浙江省青田县中学2024-2025学年高一上学期1月期末英语试题（解析版）

第页，共页第25页，共25页青田中学2024-2025学年第一学期高一英语期末试题卷注意事项：1．本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)。本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。3．全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题卷上无效。4．回答选择题时，在选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．What’sthewoman?A．Arestaurantcook.B．Anexperiencedbaker.C．Ahotelwaitress.2．What’sthemangettinghisEnglishteacherforherbirthday?A．Ascarf.B．Flowers.C．Adictionary.3．HowmanypeoplevisitedMr.Lee’sofficethismorning?A．One.B．Four.C．None.4．Whichbookhastheman’sbrotherbought?A．Ahistorybook.B．AnEnglishtextbook.C．AChinesetextbook.5．Whattimeisitnow?A．8:45．B．9:00．C．9:15．第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6．Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A．Atthenurse’sstation.B．Atahospitalward.C．Atthedoctor’soffice.7．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthegirl?A．Thebill.B．Visitinghours.C．Mealhours.8．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．Thewomanisanewdoctor.B．Themandoesn’tthinkveryhighlyofthewoman.C．Themanisnewhere.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9．WhendidthemanplantomeetCathy?A．At7:00．B．At7:30．C．At9:00．10．Whatdidthemanfinallybuy?A．Ashirtandacoat.B．Ashirt.C．Nothing.11．WhatdowelearnaboutCathy?A．Shefirstwenttotheeastentrancetomeettheman.B．Shehopedtomeetthemanat7:30．C．Shemetthemanat9:30atthemainentrance.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12．HowdoesthemanknowBillhasababygirl?A．Fromhiscolleague.B．Fromhisschoolmate.C．Fromhisneighbor.13．WhathappenedtoMarkthismorning?A．Hesmokedtoomuchandcoughedalot.B．Hehadanaccidentonthewaytowork.C．Hefeltterriblewhenhewokeup.14．Whatwillthetwospeakersdotomorrow?A．HoldafarewellpartyforDavid.B．HaveacelebrationforBill.C．VisitBill’swifeinthehospital.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15．WherewillthemanhaveThanksgiving?A．Athisownhome.B．Atthewoman’s.C．Athisparents’.16．Whatdopeopleeatatthewoman’shomeonThanksgiving?A．Turkey,sweetpotatoesandapplepie.B．Turkey,saltypotatoesandpumpkinpie.C．Turkey,sweetpotatoesandpumpkinpie.17．Whatarethemendoingwhilethewomenarecooking?A．Helpingthewomenwiththecooking.B．Doingsomeexercise.C．Watchingfootballgames.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．InhowmanycountrieshasAvatarbeenshownbesidesNorthAmericaaccordingtothetalk?A．4．B．5．C．6．19．WhenisthemovieAvatarset?A．2145．B．2154．C．2159．20．Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A．Avatar’sbudgetwasover$400million.B．Ittook6yearstomakeAvatar.C．AvatarhaswonOscarawards.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答题卡上的相应选项涂黑。AWealllongforfriendship,buthowtomakeafriend?“Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.”JoyStevensaid.Thefollowingaresometipsforyou.PeopleequalfriendsFriendsusuallybeginwithstrangers.Gettingintouchwithotherpeopleisthefirststeptomakeafriend.Friendscan’tbemadeinemptyair.Bestfriendstaketimetomake.FriendsunderstandfriendsFriendsunderstandeachotherwhentalking.Manyunpleasantpersonalquarrelscanbeavoidedifyouwilltakethetimetounderstandothers’feelingsandpointsofview.FriendstouchfriendsTouchingisawarmformofcommunicationbetweenfriends.Whenyouseebestfriendscommunicating,youwillnoticethemstandclosetogether,toucheachothercomfortablyandlistentoeachother.Sometimesafriendlytouchismorepowerfulthanwords.FriendspraisefriendsPraiseisapowerfultooltomakeafriend.Honestpraisecanaffect(影响)yourfriends’lives.Sotrytopraiseyourfriends,includingyourgeneralones.Friendscanloyal(忠诚的)andtrustworthyTrustandloyaltygohandinhandforfriends.Friendscansharesecretswithyou,becausegoodfriendsneverbreakconfidence(信心)andareloyalforever.1.FromJoySteven’swords,wecanconcludethat________A.afriendinneedisafriendindeed B.itisnevertoolatetomakeafriendC.itislatetomakeafriendwhenyouneedone D.everyoneneedsafriendinhislife2.Tomakeandkeepmanyfriends,youneedtodothefollowingEXCEPT___________.A.getintouchwithpeople B.understandyourfriendsC.praiseyourfriends D.quarrelwithyourfriends3.Thepassagemainlytellsus______________.A.howtocommunicatewithafriend B.howtodevelopfriendshipC.whentomakeafriend D.howtopraiseafriend【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述我们都渴望友谊，但如何交朋友呢？本文给出了一些可行的建议。【1题详解】推理判断题。依据第一段JoySteven的话“Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.交朋友的最好时间是你需要朋友以前。”，也就是说当你需要一个朋友的时候再去交就晚了。故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据文章中关于交朋友建议的描述“Friendsunderstandeachotherwhentalking.Touchingisawarmformofcommunicationbetweenfriends.Praiseisapowerfultooltomakeafriend.（朋友在交谈时能互相理解。联系是朋友之间沟通的一种形式。赞美是结交朋友的有力工具。）”A.getintouchwithpeople和人取得联系；B.understandyourfriends理解你的朋友；C.praiseyourfriends称赞你的朋友；D.quarrelwithyourfriends和你的朋友争吵。根据文章和常识：你要想交很多朋友A、B、C三项要具备。朋友之间的争吵是不可避免的，但未必是必须的。更为重要的是，D项在文中找不到依据。故选D【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Wealllongforfriendship,buthowtomakeafriend?“Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.”JoyStevensaid.Thefollowingaresometipsforyou.（我们都渴望友谊，但如何交朋友呢?“交朋友最好的时间是在你需要朋友之前。”史蒂文说。以下是给你的一些建议。）”可知文章的主题是针对如何交朋友给出一些建议。A.howtocommunicatewithafriend怎样和一个朋友交流；B.howtodevelopfriendship怎样发展友谊；C.whentomakeafriend什么时候交朋友；howtopraiseafriend怎样称赞一个朋友。虽然A、C、D项在文中都提到了，但属于枝节信息，而B项是文章谈论的主旨，符合文章的大意，故选B。BThateveryone’stoobusythesedaysisacliché.Butonespecificcomplaintismadeespeciallymournfully:There’sneveranytimetoread.Whatmakestheproblemthornieristhattheusualtime-managementtechniquesdon’tseemsufficient.Theweb’sfullofarticlesofferingtipsonmakingtimetoread:“GiveupTV”or“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes.”Butinmyexperience,usingsuchmethodstofreeuptheodd30minutesdoesn’twork.Sitdowntoreadandtheflywheelofwork-relatedthoughtskeepsspinning—orelseyou’resoexhaustedthatachallengingbook’sthelastthingyouneed.Themodernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication…Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption.”Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan’tbeobtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient.Infact,“becomingmoreefficient”ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourcetobemaximisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoal.Immersivereading,bycontrast,dependsonbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.Trytoslotitasato-dolistitemandyou’llmanageonlygoal-focusedreading—useful,sometimes,butnotthemostfulfillingkind.“Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,”writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewastedthem.”Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You’dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviourhelpsus“stepoutsidetime’sflow”into“soultime.”Youcouldlimitdistractionsbyreadingonlyphysicalbooks,oronsingle-purposee-readers.“Carryabookwithyouatalltimes”canactuallywork,too—providingyoudipinoftenenough,sothatreadingbecomesthedefaultstatefromwhichyoutemporarilysurfacetotakecareofbusiness,beforedroppingbackdown.Onareallygoodday,itnolongerfeelsasifyou’re“makingtimetoread,”butjustreading,andmakingtimeforeverythingelse.24.Whatkindofeducationdoestheauthorthinkisideal?4.Whatisthemainreasontheauthorbelievestraditionaltime-managementtechniquesfailtohelpwithreading?A.Theyfocustoomuchonefficiency,whichconflictswiththenatureofimmersivereading.B.TheyrequiregivingupotheractivitieslikewatchingTV,whichisunrealistic.C.Theyaretoorigidanddonotaccountfortheunpredictabilityofdailylife.D.Theyfailtoprovideenoughtimeforreading,evenwhenimplementedcorrectly.5.AccordingtoTimParks,whatisakeycharacteristicofthemodernmindthathindersdeepreading?A.Itistoofocusedonachievinggoalsandcompletingtasks.B.Itisnaturallyinclinedtowardinterruptionandcommunication.C.Itistooexhaustedtoengagewithchallengingbooks.D.Itisunabletodistinguishbetweenproductiveandunproductivetime.6.WhatdoesGaryEberle’smetaphorof“emptybottles”suggestabouthowpeopleviewtime?A.Timeisseenasafiniteresourcethatmustbefilledwithproductiveactivities.B.Timeisperceivedassomethingthatcanbeeasilywastedifnotmanagedproperly.C.Timeisviewedasaseriesofopportunitiesthatmustbeseizedimmediately.D.Timeisconsideredaburdenthatpeoplefeelpressuredtooptimize.7.Whatsolutiondoestheauthorproposeformakingtimetoreadeffectively?A.Schedulingregularreadingtimestocreatearitualistichabit.B.Usingsingle-purposee-readerstoeliminatedistractions.C.Carryingabookatalltimestoreadduringsparemoments.D.Avoidinggoal-focusedreadingtoachieveamorefulfillingexperience.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了现代人不能进行有效阅读的原因并提出了解决办法。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子“Infact,“becomingmoreefficient”ispartoftheproblem.Thinkingoftimeasaresourcetobemaximisedmeansyouapproachitinstrumentally,judginganygivenmomentaswellspentonlyinsofarasitadvancesprogresstowardsomegoal.Immersivereading,bycontrast,dependsonbeingwillingtoriskinefficiency,goallessness,eventime-wasting.(事实上，“变得更有效率”是问题的一部分。将时间视为一种需要最大化利用的资源，意味着你会以一种工具的方式来对待它，只有在它朝着某个目标前进的过程中，你才会认为任何给定的时刻都是值得利用的。相比之下，沉浸式阅读依赖于愿意承担效率低下、无目标、甚至浪费时间的风险。)”可知，作者认为传统的时间管理方法对阅读没有帮助的主要原因是他们过于注重效率，这与沉浸式阅读的本质相冲突。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“Themodernmind,TimParks,anovelistandcritic,writes,“isoverwhelminglyinclinedtowardcommunication…Itisnotsimplythatoneisinterrupted;itisthatoneisactuallyinclinedtointerruption.”Deepreadingrequiresnotjusttime,butaspecialkindoftimewhichcan’tbeobtainedmerelybybecomingmoreefficient.(小说家兼评论家蒂姆·帕克斯写道，现代人的思维“极其倾向于交流……这不仅仅是一个人被打断了；而是一个人实际上倾向于打断。”深度阅读不仅需要时间，还需要一种特殊的时间，而这种时间不能仅仅通过提高效率来获得。)”可知，根据蒂姆·帕克斯的说法，阻碍深入阅读的现代思维的一个关键特征是它自然地倾向于打断和交流。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的句子““Thefuturecomesatuslikeemptybottlesalonganunstoppableandnearlyinfiniteconveyorbelt,”writesGaryEberleinhisbookSacredTime,and“wefeelapressuretofillthesedifferent-sizedbottles(days,hours,minutes)astheypass,foriftheygetbywithoutbeingfilled,wewillhavewastedthem.”Nomind-setcouldbeworseforlosingyourselfinabook.(加里·埃伯利在他的《神圣的时间》一书中写道：“未来就像一条不可阻挡的、几乎无限的传送带上的空瓶子一样向我们走来。”“当这些不同大小的瓶子（几天、几小时、几分钟）经过时，我们感到有压力要装满它们，因为如果它们没有被装满，我们就会浪费它们。”没有一种心态会因为迷失在一本书中而变得更糟。)”可知，加里·埃伯利把时间看作是一种有限的资源，必须被富有成效的活动填满。故选A项。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子“Sowhatdoeswork?Perhapssurprisingly,schedulingregulartimesforreading.You’dthinkthismightfueltheefficiencymind-set,butinfact,Eberlenotes,suchritualisticbehaviourhelpsus“stepoutsidetime’sflow”into“soultime.”(那么，什么有效呢？也许令人惊讶的是，安排规律的阅读时间。你可能会认为这可能会助长效率思维，但事实上，埃伯利指出，这种仪式化的行为有助于我们“走出时间流”进入“灵魂时间”。)”可知，作者提出安排有规律的阅读时间来养成一种仪式性的习惯来有效地阅读。故选A项。CBiologistsestimatethatasmanyas2millionlesserprairiechickens—akindofbirdlivingonstretchinggrasslands—oncelentredtotheoftengraylandscapeofthemidwesternandsouthwesternUnitedStates.Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies’historicrange.ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.SFishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatened.“Thelesserprairiechickenisinadesperatesituation,”saidUSFWSDirectorDanielAshe.Someenvironmentalists,however,weredisappointed.Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered”,astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe“threatened”taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches.Inparticular,theycalledforforgingclosercollaborationswithwesternstategovernments,whichareoftenuneasywithfederalactionandwiththeprivatelandownerswhocontrolanestimated95%oftheprairiechicken’shabitat.Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange—widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.AnditgivestheWesternAssociationofFishandWildlifeAgencies(WAFWA),acoalitionofstateagencies,thejobofmonitoringprogress.Overall,theideaistolet“states”remaininthedriver’sseatformanagingthespecies,”Ashesaid.8.Whatisthemajorreasonforlistingthelesserprairieasthreatened?A.Itsdrasticallydecreasedpopulation. B.Theunderestimateofthegrasslandacreage.C.Adesperateappealfromsomebiologists. D.Theinsistenceofprivatelandowners.9.Whydidthe“threatened”tagdisappointedsomeenvironmentalists?A.Itwasagive-intogovernmentalpressure. B.Itwouldinvolvefeweragenciesinaction.C.Itgrantedlessfederalregulatorypower. D.Thedisagreementbetweengenerations.10.WhatcanbelearnedfromParagraph3?A.Unintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutediftheyagreetopayasumforcompensationB.Unintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutediftheyvolunteertosetupanequallybighabitat.C.Unintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutediftheysupporttheWAFWAmonitoringjob.D.Unintentionalharm-doerswillnotbeprosecutediftheyraisefundsforUSFWSoperations.11.AccordingtoAshe,whichistheleadingroleinmanagingthespecies?A.Thefederalgovernment. B.ThewildlifeagenciesC.Thelandowners. D.Thestates.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局(USFWS)将小草原松鸡列为受威胁物种，并介绍了相关的保护措施和计划。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Butjustsome22,000birdsremaintoday,occupyingabout16%ofthespecies’historicrange.(但如今仅存约22000只这种鸟，其栖息地仅占该物种历史栖息地范围的16%)”以及第二段中“ThecrashwasamajorreasontheU.SFishandWildlifeService(USFWS)decidedtoformallylistthebirdasthreatened.(数量的急剧下降是美国鱼类和野生动物管理局（USFWS）决定正式将该鸟类列为受威胁物种的主要原因)”可知，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局决定正式将该鸟类列为受威胁物种的主要原因是小草原松鸡数量急剧下降。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Theyhadpushedtheagencytodesignatethebirdas“endangered”,astatusthatgivesfederalofficialsgreaterregulatorypowertocrackdownonthreats.ButAsheandothersarguedthatthe“threatened”taggavethefederalgovernmentflexibilitytotryoutnew,potentiallylessconfrontationalconservationsapproaches.(他们曾敦促该机构将小草原鸡指定为“濒危”物种，这一身份将赋予联邦官员更大的监管权力，以打击威胁。他们曾敦促该机构将这种鸟列为“濒危”物种，这一认定使联邦官员拥有更大的监管权力来打击威胁这种鸟生存的因素。但阿什和其他人认为，“受威胁”这一认定使联邦政府有灵活性去尝试新的、可能较不具对抗性的保护方法)”可知，通过对比这两句话，我们可以得出结论：与“濒危”地位相比，“受威胁”标签给联邦政府的监管权力较小，这正是让一些环保主义者感到失望的原因。他们原本希望通过“濒危”地位来加强保护力度，但“受威胁”标签却降低了这种力度。故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Undertheplan,forexample,theagencysaiditwouldnotprosecutelandownerorbusinessesthatunintentionallykill,harm,ordisturbthebird,aslongastheyhadsignedarange-widemanagementplantorestoreprairiechickenhabitat.NegotiatedbyUSFWSandthestates,theplanrequiresindividualsandbusinessesthatdamagehabitataspartoftheiroperationstopayintoafundtoreplaceeveryacredestroyedwith2newacresofsuitablehabitat.Thefundwillalsobeusedtocompensatelandownerswhosetasidehabitat,USFWSalsosetaninterimgoalofrestoringprairiechickenpopulationstoanannualaverageof67,000birdsoverthenext10years.(例如，根据该计划，该机构表示，只要土地所有者或企业签署了恢复小草原鸡栖息地的广泛管理计划，就不会起诉他们因非故意而杀死、伤害或干扰这种鸟类。经美国鱼类及野生动物管理局(USFWS)与各州协商，该计划要求那些在运营过程中破坏栖息地的个人和企业向一个基金缴费，以用两英亩适宜的栖息地替换每一英亩被破坏的栖息地。该基金还将用于补偿留出栖息地的土地所有者。美国鱼类及野生动物管理局还设定了一个中期目标，即在接下来的10年里将小草原松鸡的数量恢复到年均6.7万只)”可知，非故意的伤害者如果同意支付一笔赔偿金，将不会被起诉。故选A。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Overall,theideaistolet

“states”remaininthedriver’sseatformanagingthespecies,”

Ashesaid.(阿什说：“总的来说，这个想法是让‘各州’在管理这种物种方面处于主导地位。”)”可知，据阿什说，在管理这种物种方面处于主导地位的是各州。故选D。DIt’struethathigh-schoolcodingclassesaren’tessentialforlearningcomputerscienceincollege.Studentswithoutexperiencecancatchupafterafewintroductorycourses,saidTomCortina,theassistantdeanatCarnegieMellon’sSchoolofComputerScience.However,Cortinasaid,earlyexposureisbeneficial.Whenyoungerkidslearncomputerscience,theylearnthatit’snotjustaconfusing,endlessstringoflettersandnumbers—butatooltobuildapps,orcreateartwork,ortesthypotheses.It’snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents.Breakingdownproblemsintobite-sizedchunksandusingcodetosolvethembecomesnormal.Givingmorechildrenthistrainingcouldincreasethenumberofpeopleinterestedinthefieldandhelpfillthejobsgap,Cortinasaid.Studentsalsobenefitfromlearningsomethingaboutcodingbeforetheygettocollege,whereintroductorycomputer-scienceclassesarepackedtothebrim,whichcandrivetheless-experiencedor-determinedstudentsaway.TheFlatironSchool,wherepeoplepaytolearnprogramming,startedasoneofthemanycodingbootcampsthat’sbecomepopularforadultslookingforacareerchange.Thehigh-schoolersgetthesamecurriculum,but“wetrytogearlessonstowardthingsthey’reinterestedin,”saidVictoriaFriedman,aninstructor.Forinstance,oneoftheappsthestudentsaredevelopingsuggestsmoviesbasedonyourmood.ThestudentsintheFlatironclassprobablywon’tdropoutofhighschoolandbuildthenextFacebook.Programminglanguageshaveaquickturnover,sothe“RubyonRails”languagetheylearnedmaynotevenberelevantbythetimetheyenterthejobmarket.Buttheskillstheylearn—howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults—applytoanycodinglanguage,saidDeborahSeehorn,aneducationconsultantforthestateofNorthCarolina.Indeed,theFlatironstudentsmightnotgointoITatall.Butcreatingafuturearmyofcodersisnotthesolepurposeoftheclasses.Thesekidsaregoingtobesurroundedbycomputers—intheirpockets,intheiroffices,intheirhomes—fortherestoftheirlives.Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant—theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat—thebetter.12.AccordingtoCortina,earlyexposuretocomputersciencemakeswhateasier?A.Howweperceivethefoodweeat. B.changethewayofthinking.C.Whatingredientsthefoodcontains. D.Howfastweeatourmeals.13.WhatdoesDeborahSeehornbelieveabouttheskillslearnedatFlatiron?A.HelpstudentslearnothercomputerlanguagesB.HavetobeupgradedwhennewtechnologiescomeC.NeedimprovingwhenstudentslookforjobsD.Enablestudentstomakebigquickmoney14.Theword“coax”inthelastparagraphisclosetmeaningto________.A.challenge B.persuade C.frighten D.misguide15.Basedonthepassage,whatareFlatironstudentsprobablyexpectedtodo?A.Competewithafuturearmyofprogrammers.B.Staylongerintheinformationtechnologyindustry.C.Becomebetterpreparedforthedigitalizedworld.D.Bringforthinnovativecomputertechnologies.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了尽早接触计算机科学课程对学生的益处，以及其可能对未来职业和生活带来的积极影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“

It’snotashardforthemtotransformtheirthoughtprocessesasitisforolderstudents..(对他们来说，转变思维过程不像对高年级学生那样困难)”可推知，Cortina认为早期接触计算机科学使得转变思维方式变得更容易。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Buttheskillstheylearn—howtothinklogicallythroughaproblemandorganizetheresults—applytoanycodinglanguage(他们学到的技能——如何通过问题进行逻辑思考并组织结果——适用于任何编程语言)”可推知，DeborahSeehorn认为Flatiron学到的技能将帮助学生学习其他计算机语言。故选A。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant—theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat—thebetter.”（他们越早知道计算机是如何思考的，以及如何coax机器按照他们的意图运行——他们越早知道自己有能力做到这一点——就越好。）可知，他们学习计算机如何思考，以及如何引导机器按照他们的意图运行，他们就越早知道自己的能力。所以划线单词“coax”的意思最接近于“persuade”（劝导/引导）。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Theyoungertheylearnhowcomputersthink,howtocoaxthemachineintoproducingwhattheywant—theearliertheylearnthattheyhavethepowertodothat—thebetter.(他们越早知道计算机是如何思考的，以及如何让机器按照他们的意图运行——他们越早知道自己有能力做到这一点——就越好)”可推知，Flatiron的学生应该会为数字化世界做好更好的准备。故选C。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Canada’spremiers(theleadersofprovincialgovernments),iftheyhaveanybreathleftaftercomplainingaboutOttawaattheirlateJulyannualmeeting,mightspareamomenttodosomething,together,toreducehealth-carecosts.They’reallgroaningaboutsoaringhealthbudgets,thefastestgrowingcomponentsofwhicharepharmaceuticalcosts._____16_____.Whattodo?BoththeRomanowcommissionandtheKirbycommitteeonhealthcare—tosaynothingofreportsfromotherexperts—recommendedthecreationofanationaldrugagency.Insteadofeachprovincehavingitsownlistofapproveddrugs,bureaucracy,proceduresandlimitedbargainingpower,allwouldpoolresources,workwithOttawa,andcreateanationalinstitution.____17____.But“national”doesn’thavetomeanthat“National”couldmeaninterprovincial—provincescombiningeffortstocreateonebody.Insteadofhavingoneprovince—oraseriesofhospitalswithinaprovince—negotiateapriceforagivendrugontheprovinciallist,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfofallprovinces.Ratherthan,say,Quebec,negotiatingonbehalfofsevenmillionpeople,thenationalagencywouldnegotiateonbehalfof31millionpeople.Basiceconomicssuggeststhegreaterthepotentialconsumers,thehigherthelikelihoodofabetterprice.____18____.AsmallstephasbeentakeninthedirectionofanationalagencywiththecreationoftheCanadianCo-coordinatingOfficeforHealthTechnologyAssessment,fundedbyOttawaandtheprovinces.Underit,aCommonDrugReviewrecommendstoprovinciallistswhichnewdrugsshouldbeincluded.Predictablyandregrettably,Quebecrefusedtojoin.____19____.PremierslovetoquoteMr.Romanow’sreportselectively,especiallythepartsaboutmorefederalmoney.Perhapstheyshouldreadwhathehadtosayaboutdrugs:“Anationaldrugagencywouldprovidegovernmentsmoreinfluenceonpharmaceuticalcompaniesinordertotrytoconstraintheever-increasingcostofdrugs.”____20____SowhenthepremiersgatherinNiagaraFallstoassembletheirusualcomplaintlist,theyshouldalsogetcrackingaboutsomethingintheirjurisdictionthatwouldhelptheirbudgetsandpatients.A.Quebec’sresistancetoanationalagencyisprovincialistideology.OneofthefirstadvocatesforanationallistwasaresearcheratLavalUniversity.Quebec’sDrugInsuranceFundhasseenitscostsskyrocketwithannualincreasesfrom14.3percentto26.8percent!B.OrtheycouldreadMr.Kirby’sreport:“Thesubstantialbuyingpowerofsuchanagencywouldstrengthenthepublicprescription-druginsuranceplanstonegotiatethelowestpossiblepurchasepricesfromdrugcompanies.”C.Whatdoes“notional”mean?RoyRomanowandSenatorMichaelKirbyrecommendedafederalprovincialbodymuchliketherecentlycreatedNationalHealthCouncil.D.Theproblemissimpleandstarkhealth-carecostshavebeen,are,andwillcontinuetoincreasefasterthangovernmentrevenues.E.AccordingtotheCanadianInstituteforHealthInformation,prescriptiondrugcostshaverisensince1997attwicetherateofoverallhealth-carespending.Partoftheincreasecomesfromdrugsbeingusedtoreplaceotherkindsoftreatments.Partofitarisesfromnewdrugscostingmorethanolderkinds.Partofitishigherprices.F.So,iftheprovinceswanttorunthehealth-careshow,theyshouldprovetheycanrunit,startingwithaninterprovincialhealthlistthatwouldendduplication,saveadministrativecosts,preventoneprovincefrombeingplayedoffagainstanother,andbargainforbetterdrugprices.G.Ofcourse,thepharmaceuticalcompanieswillscream.Theylikedividedbuyers,theycanlobbybetterthatway.Theycanusethethreatofremovingjobsfromoneprovincetoanother.Theycanhopethat,ifoneprovinceincludesadrugonitslist,thepressurewillcauseotherstoincludeitontheirs.Theywouldn’tlikeanationalagency,butself-interestwouldleadthemtodealwithit.【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.F20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论加拿大各省降低医保成本，提议建全国药品机构。【16题详解】由上文“They’reallgroaningaboutsoaringhealthbudgets,thefastestgrowingcomponentsofwhicharepharmaceuticalcosts.(他们都在抱怨不断飙升的医疗预算，其中增长最快的部分是药品成本)”可知，本空应进一步说明药品成本增长的情况。E选项“AccordingtotheCanadianInstituteforHealthInformation,prescriptiondrugcostshaverisensince1997attwicetherateofoverallhealth-carespending.Partoftheincreasecomesfromdrugsbeingusedtoreplaceotherkindsoftreatments.Partofitarisesfromnewdrugscostingmorethanolderkinds.Partofitishigherprices.(根据加拿大卫生信息研究所的数据，自1997年以来，处方药成本的增长速度是整体医疗支出的两倍。部分增长是因为药物被用于替代其他类型的治疗。部分是因为新药比旧药成本更高。部分是因为价格上涨)”具体阐述了药品成本增长的情况，能承接上文，符合题意。故选E。【17题详解】由下文“But“national”doesn’thavetomeanthat“National”couldmeaninterprovincial—provincescombiningeffortstocreateonebody.(但“全国性”不一定是那个意思。“全国性”可以意味着省际合作——各省共同努力组建一个机构)”可知，本空应先提出对“全国性”的一种常规理解，然后再进行转折说明。C选项“Whatdoes“notional”mean?RoyRomanowandSenatorMichaelKirbyrecommendedafederalprovincialbodymuchliketherecentlycreatedNationalHealthCouncil.(“全国性”是什么意思呢？罗伊・罗马诺和参议员迈克尔・柯比建议成立一个联邦与省级联合的机构，就像最近成立的国家卫生委员会那样)”提出了对“全国性”的一种解释，能引出下文的转折，符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】由上文“Insteadofhavingoneprovince—ora