山西省临汾新华中学2024-2025学年高一下学期开学收心考试英语试题（解析版）

第页，共页第21页，共21页临汾新华中学2024-2025学年第二学期高一年级迎新考试英语试题（时间：120分钟总分：150分）第一部分听力（共两节；满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sendingane-mail.B.Makingsomecopies.C.TalkingwithMrBrown.2.Howfarawayisthenearestsupermarket?A.Fivekilometers.B.Threekilometers.C.Onekilometer.3.WhereisPaul’swallet?A.Nexttothelight.B.Onthetable.C.Bythesofa.4.Whydoesthewomancometotheshop?A.Tohavehershoesrepaired.B.Tobuyshoes.C.Tochangeshoes.5.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Sheisateacher.B.Sheisareporter.C.Sheisanaccountant.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6，7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inthewoman’sflat.B.Intheman’sflat.C.Inaphotoshop.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’sflat.B.Thewoman’sfather.C.Thewoman’sphotos.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whydoesthemanneedhelp?A.Heisn’tfamiliarwiththearea.B.Hedoesn’tknowwheretoplaybaseball.C.Hehasdifficultyfindingthesubwaystation.9.Whattimeisitnow?A.2:00.B.3:00.C.4:00.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatseasonisgoodfortakingatriptoBeijinginthewoman’sopinion?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.11.WhatdoesthemanworryabouttravelinginBeijing?A.Hotel.B.Language.C.Time.12.HowlongdoesthewomansuggestthemanstayinBeijing?A.3days.B.5days.C.7days.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whenwillthewomanenjoytheshow?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnSaturday.14.Wherewillthewomansit?A.Nearthefront.B.Inthemiddle.C.Neartheback.15.Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A.£8.50.B.£17.C.£45.16.HowwillthewomangettoQueen’sTheater?A.Bybus.B.Bysubway.C.Bybike.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatistheannouncementmainlyabout?A.After-schoolprograms.B.Weatherconditions.C.Schedulechanges.18.Wherewillthespecialactivitybusleave?A.Outsidethemainoffice.B.Fromtheeastparkinglot.C.Fromthewestparkinglot.19.Whatshouldaparentdoifhepicksuphischild?A.Signouthischild.B.Waitattheactivitycenter.C.Phonetheteacher.20Whoarethelisteners?A.Teachers.B.Parents.C.Students.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分；满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的（A、B、C、D）四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATeensofgrades9—12joiningintheBostonPublicLibraryTeenVolunteerProgramwilllearnvaluableworkingskillsthatmaychangeintopaidjobsinthefuture.Volunteerjobshelptoprepareteenstobecomejob-readywhileworkinginthelibrary,learningcustomerserviceskills,andlearninghowtointeract(互动)withalotofpeople.Teenswilltakepartinaresume(简历)buildingprogramandaninterviewskillsworkshop.Someofthetasksare:•Createbooklistsonline•Putupbookdisplays•Shelvebooks•Helpwithfindingmissingbooks•Helpwithweedingbookprojects•Helpwithleadinggamingcompetitionsinsomeplaces•Readbooksandwritebookreviews,and/orvideogameandfilmreviewsforthe/teenswebsite•Helpwithleadinggamingprogramsinsomeareas•Teenswilljoinin5skill-buildingworkshops:resume-buildingprogram,privacytraining,knowingyourrightsintheworkplace,Bibliocommonsworkshopandbookreviewwritingworkshop.Allareat3:30p.m.onMondayonZoom.•Createapresentation(报告)onatopicthatinterestsyou,andthenpresentittoothervolunteers.TheTeenVolunteerProgramsitesareAdamsStreetBranch,BrightonBranch,CentralLibrary(TeenCentralandChildren’sLibrary),ConnollyBranch,FieldsCornerBranch,GroveHallBranch,HydeParkBranch,ParkerHillBranch,RoslindaleBranch,RoxburyBranch,andUphamsCornerBranch.Thevolunteerprogramrunsyear-round.InterestedteensshouldreachouttoAgnerisLopezatvolunteer@or617-859-2304.1.Whatcanteensgetfromthevolunteerprogram?A.Playingvideogamesforfree. B.Preparingforfuturejobs.C.Learningtowritetheirownbooks. D.Creatingtheirownbookwebsites.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthevolunteerprogramfromthetext?A.Volunteerswillbeprovidedwithapaidjob. B.Itdoesn’tstopthroughouttheyear.C.Studentsinuniversitycanalsojoininit. D.Itisonlyrunintheheadoffice.3.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroducealibrary. B.Toaskfordonations.C.Toteachwritingskills. D.Toattractvolunteers.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章是一篇招收图书馆志愿者的通告。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Volunteerjobshelptoprepareteenstobecomejob-readywhileworkinginthelibrary,learningcustomerserviceskills,andlearninghowtointeract(互动)withalotofpeople.(志愿工作帮助青少年在图书馆工作，学习客户服务技巧，学习如何与许多人互动的过程中为就业做好准备)”可知，志愿者计划可以使青少年为就业做好准备。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thevolunteerprogramrunsyear-round.(志愿者项目全年运行)”可知，志愿者计划常年有效。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Teensofgrades9—12joiningintheBostonPublicLibraryTeenVolunteerProgramwilllearnvaluableworkingskillsthatmaychangeintopaidjobsinthefuture.Volunteerjobshelptoprepareteenstobecomejob-readywhileworkinginthelibrary,learningcustomerserviceskills,andlearninghowtointeract(互动)withalotofpeople.Teenswilltakepartinaresume(简历)buildingprogramandaninterviewskillsworkshop.(参加波士顿公共图书馆青少年志愿者计划的9到12年级的青少年将学习宝贵的工作技能，这些技能将来可能会转化为有报酬的工作。志愿工作帮助青少年在图书馆工作，学习客户服务技巧，学习如何与许多人互动的过程中为就业做好准备。青少年们将参加简历制作项目和面试技巧研讨会)”以及最后一段“Thevolunteerprogramrunsyear-round.InterestedteensshouldreachouttoAgnerisLopezatvolunteer@or617-859-2304.(志愿者项目全年运行。感兴趣的青少年可以通过volunteer@或617-859-2304与AgnerisLopez联系)”可推知，作者写这篇文章是为了招收志愿者。故选D。BWhenJohnWatsonleadsafitnessclass,helightsup.Andtheathletesinfrontofhimrespond(回应)inkind,oftenbreakingintocheers.Butwhatsetshisclassesapartarethestudentsheteaches:Allofthemhaveintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities(残障).Wellnessandmovementareimportantforthispopulation.Individualswiththesedisabilitiesaremorelikelytohavehigherlevelsoffatnessthanthegeneralpopulationandfaceamuchgreaterriskofmanydiseases.WatsonpartnerswithprogramsthatservepeoplewithintellectualdisabilitiesandWatson’strainedvolunteerinstructorsgiveclasseslikecycling,yoga,Pilatesanddance.Classesarefreetotheathletes,manyofwhomarelow-income,andthey’realsodesignedtobefitforanyone.Buthelpingthemgetfitisn’tWatson’sonlygoal.Hewantstoconnectwiththeadultsinhisclassesonanemotional(情绪)level.“Weallwanttobeapartofsomething.Theyjustdon’tgettheopportunitythatoften,”Watsonsaid.“Wecreateasenseofpride,belongingandloveandthey’llshowuptoexercise.There’sawiderangeofabilitiesofpeoplewithintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities.Weservethatwholerange.Andwecalleveryoneanathlete,nomatterwhattheirabilityis.”Theworkdoesn’tendwhenclassisover.Afterwards,theathletesgatheratalargewallchart,knownas“TheChampionsBoard”,wheretheyputastickernexttotheirname—apublicrecordoftheirattendanceandhardwork.Athletesearnwaterbottles,T-shirtsorhats,basedontheirattendanceaswellasdifferenttitles,like“coach”.Everyfewmonths,athletesarerecognizedatacelebration.Thesystemworks.Theretentionrate(保留率)forparticipantsismorethan90%andinsurveys,mostreportthattheyloseweight,gainstrength,andfeellesslonely.4.WhatdoweknowaboutJohnWatson’sstudents?ATheyarekindofdisabled. B.Theyhavemanydiseases.C.Theyareprofessionalathletes. D.Theyaremuchfatterthanothers.5.Whatdoesparagraph2sayaboutJohnWatson’sclasses?A.Theyaredesignedforcompetition. B.Theyareeasytolearn.C.Theyareofasingleform. D.Theyarehighlythoughtof.6.HowdoesWatsontreathisstudents?A.Heisstrictwiththem. B.Heconsidersthemequal.C.Heprotectsthemallthetime. D.Hemakesthempracticeathome.7.Whatis“TheChampionsBoard”usedas?A.Anencouragingsystem. B.Astandardofpunishment.C.Atooltoexplaincourses. D.Awaytohelpeachother.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述约翰•沃森开设免费健身课程帮助有智力和发育障碍人健身并融入社会。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Allofthemhaveintellectualanddevelopmentaldisabilities(残障).”（他们都有智力和发育障碍。）可知，约翰•沃森的学生们都有残疾。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“WatsonpartnerswithprogramsthatservepeoplewithintellectualdisabilitiesandWatson’strainedvolunteerinstructorsgiveclasseslikecycling,yoga,Pilatesanddance.Classesarefreetotheathletes,manyofwhomarelow-income,andthey’realsodesignedtobefitforanyone.”（沃森与一些项目合作，为智障人士提供服务，沃森训练有素的志愿者教练教授自行车、瑜伽、普拉提和舞蹈等课程。这些课程对运动员是免费的，他们中的许多人都是低收入的，而且这些课程的设计也适合任何人）可知，这些课程的设计适合任何残疾运动者，说明这些课程很简单。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Andwecalleveryoneanathlete,nomatterwhattheirabilityis.”（我们称每个人都是运动员，不管他们的能力如何。）可知，约翰•沃森对待他的学员一视同仁。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Afterwards,theathletesgatheratalargewallchart,knownas“TheChampionsBoard”,wheretheyputastickernexttotheirname—apublicrecordoftheirattendanceandhardwork.Athletesearnwaterbottles,T-shirtsorhats,basedontheirattendanceaswellasdifferenttitles,like“coach”.”（之后，运动员们聚集在一个被称为“冠军板”的大挂图前，他们在自己的名字旁边贴上一张贴纸——这是他们出勤和努力的公开记录。运动员可以根据出勤率以及不同的头衔(如“教练”)获得水瓶、t恤或帽子）可知，冠军板是用来激励学员的一种体系。故选A项。CPu’eristhehomeoftheworld-knownteaofthesamename.Sinceothertea-growingcentersinPu’ermayhavealargeroutput,morefamousbrands(品牌)andheritagesurroundingthehistoryoftheTea-horseAncientRoad,Jingmai,alsoinPu’er,maynotbepeople’sfirstchoicetolookforthebestPu’erTea.However,beingcutofffromtheoutsidebyrivers,thismountainousareahasbecomeaperfectplaceforanancientplantingtechnique,growingteatreesunderforest,knownasthe“under-story”method,whichfilters(过滤)sunshinewhileensuringwater.NanKang,formerheadofMangjingvillage,said,“Comparedtomodernplantations,we’llsurelyproducelessteaintheancientforest.Butwehavetorespectourtraditionandbelief.Birdseatinsectstoprotecttheteaandthefallenleavesfromtreesprovidefertilizer.Everythingimprovestheother,butalsolimitseachother.Itisthewayofnature.”Nanisanold-timeBlangleader’sgrandson.FollowinganoldleadernamedPaAileng,hisancestors(祖先)cametosettleneartheJingmaiMountaincenturiesago.ItisbelievedthatPaAilengfoundthattealeavesmadehispeoplerecoverfromdiseasestheysufferedfromduringtheirmovingtootherplaces,sotheheroisalsoconsideredasa“teaancestor”.Blangpeoplechoseamountaintorememberhim.TheycallitPeakAileng.“WeBlangpeoplebelieveteahasitsownspirit,”Nansays.“ThefirstplantedteatreeineveryfieldiscalledtheTeaSpiritTree.Thatmeansthefieldhasanowner.Andthesymbolalsomakeseveryonefollowmoralcodesandprotecttheplants.”Now,thismountainoftea,alsoastorehouseofthetime-testedtraditionsoflocalethnicgroups,attractsglobalattention.TheCulturalLandscapeofOldTeaForestsoftheJingmaiMountaininPu’erwasnamedasaWorldHeritageSite,becomingChina’s57thentryonthelist.8.WhatisJingmaifamousforinplantingPu’erTea?A.Alargerproduction. B.Morefamousbrands.C.Itsuniqueplantingmethod. D.Itstransportsystem.9.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe“under-story”methodfromthetext?A.ItiswidelyusedinPu’er. B.ItwasinventedbyNanKang.C.Itfollowsthelawsofnature. D.Itmakessuretoproducemoretea.10.WhatwasteafirstlyusedasbyNanKang’sancestors?A.Mainfood. B.Giftsforfriends.C.Medicaltreatment. D.Akindofnicedrink.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheLongHistoryofPu’erTea B.ATeaPlantingTraditiontoTreasureC.TheMainPlantingAreasofPu’erTea D.AMountainousClimateFitforPu’erTea【答案】8.C9.C10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了云南普洱茶的产地景迈的基于保护气候、地形特征和山区人民文化习俗之间的社会关系和生态相互依存关系的种茶技术。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“However,beingcutofffromtheoutsidebyrivers,thismountainousareahasbecomeaperfectplaceforanancientplantingtechnique,growingteatreesunderforest,knownasthe“under-story”method,whichfilters(过滤)sunshinewhileensuringwater.(然而，由于河流与外界隔绝，这个山区已经成为一种古老种植技术的理想之地，这种技术被称为“林下茶”种植方法，可以在过滤阳光的同时保证水分)”可知，这个山区由于河流与外界隔绝，成为一种古老种植技术的理想之地，这种技术被称为“林下茶”种植方法。由此可知，景迈有一种独特的种植普洱茶的技术。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Everythingimprovestheother,butalsolimitseachother.Itisthewayofnature.(每件事都互相促进，但也互相限制。这是自然规律)”可知，这种种植技术改善了其他，也彼此相互限制，这是一种自然的方式。由此可知，“林下茶”种植方法遵循了自然规律。故选C项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“ItisbelievedthatPaAilengfoundthattealeavesmadehispeoplerecoverfromdiseasestheysufferedfromduringtheirmovingtootherplaces,sotheheroisalsoconsideredasa“teaancestor”.(人们认为，PaAileng发现茶叶可以使他的人民在迁移到其他地方时所患的疾病得以康复，所以这位英雄也被认为是“茶祖”)”可知，茶最早是被南康的祖先用来治病。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Sinceothertea-growingcentersinPu’ermayhavealargeroutput,morefamousbrands(品牌)andheritagesurroundingthehistoryoftheTea-horseAncientRoad,Jingmai,alsoinPu’er,maynotbepeople’sfirstchoicetolookforthebestPu’erTea.(由于普洱的其他茶叶种植中心可能有更大的产量，更多的知名品牌和围绕茶马古道历史的遗产，同样在普洱的景迈可能不是人们寻找最好的普洱茶的首选)”可知，本段引出在普洱的景迈生产的普洱茶，结合第二段“However,beingcutofffromtheoutsidebyrivers,thismountainousareahasbecomeaperfectplaceforanancientplantingtechnique,growingteatreesunderforest,knownasthe“under-story”method,whichfilters(过滤)sunshinewhileensuringwater.(然而，由于河流与外界隔绝，这个山区已经成为一种古老种植技术的理想之地，这种技术被称为“林下茶”种植方法，可以在过滤阳光的同时保证水分)”可知，本段引出了景迈有一种独特的种植普洱茶的技术，即“林下茶”种植技术，结合下文中介绍的景迈普洱茶的种植技术是基于保护气候、地形特征和山区人民文化习俗之间的社会关系和生态相互依存关系的种茶技术。由此可知，文章主要讲述了一种茶叶种植传统。“ATeaPlantingTraditiontoTreasure(值得珍惜的茶叶种植传统)”与本文的内容一致，且可以概括本文的主题，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。DItsoundslikeamathproblem.Howdoyoumakeoneoftheworld’smostfamousancientsitesbigger?Youcan’tbuildmoreofit.Sowithevermoretouristspouringintothesite,theteambehindtheArchaeological（考古的）ParkofPompeiihavefoundaplanB—dividingvisitorsaroundancientsitesthatarefarther,withall-in-oneticketsandbuseslaidonbetweenthesites.TheancientcityofPompeiiwillbeascatteredarchaeologicalpark,includingthearchaeologicalareasofPompeiiitself,aswellasfamousoldhousesinnearbyvillagesortowns.ThesiteshavealreadybecomepartoftheArchaeologicalParkofPompeii,butuntilnow,theyhavebeensellingtheirowntickets.Theyarealsofarawayfromeachother—thepark’ssitescrossaround8miles—withlittlepublictransporttosomeofthem.Theinaccessibility（难达到）totheoldhousesmeansthatvisitornumbersarelow.WhilenearlyfourmillionpeoplevisitedPompeiiitselfin2019,only55,000madeittoseeHouseA,whichisthoughttohavebeenownedbytheemperorNeroandhissecondwife.Only52,000wentasfarasthetwohousesatStabiae,HouseAriannaandHouseSanMarco.ButvisitornumberstoPompeiirosefromunder2.7millionin2014toover3.9millionby2019.InJuly2023,arecord21,141peoplevisitedtheparkinasingleday.Abusservicearoundthesites—thePompeiiArtebus—wasstartedin2021.Ticketsfortheconnectedsiteswillbeacceptableforthreedays,withfreebusesconnectingallthesites.12.HowistheArchaeologicalParkofPompeiimadebigger?A.Bybuildingmoreofit. B.Byimprovingtheservice.C.Byconnectingnearbysites. D.Byattractingmoretourists.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scattered”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Narrow. B.Private. C.Impressive. D.Spread-out.14.WhatcanbelearnedaboutPompeiiitselffromparagraph4?A.Ithaslostitsattraction. B.Itwasrebuiltin2019.C.Itisfreeforvisitorsallthetime. D.Itisovercrowdedwithvisitors.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.TheArchaeologicalParkofPompeiigettingbigger.B.TheancientPompeiibringinginmoderntransport.C.TheArchaeologicalParkofPompeiigettingmorepopular.D.TheancienthousesinPompeiichangingtheirtickets.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了随着旅游业的发展，庞贝考古公园的经营者把附近古别墅纳入到考古公园，统一售票，有效地把游客分散到各景点，实际上扩大了公园的范围。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Sowithevermoretouristspouringintothesite,theteambehindtheArchaeological（考古的）ParkofPompeiihavefoundaplanB—dividingvisitorsaroundancientsitesthatarefarther,withall-in-oneticketsandbuseslaidonbetweenthesites.”（因此，随着越来越多的游客涌入庞贝遗址，庞贝考古公园的团队找到了一个B计划，将游客分散到距离更远的古代遗址周围，在遗址之间提供一体式门票和巴士。）可知，庞贝考古公园是通过连接附近的站点扩建的。故选C项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段划线单词后的面“Theyarealsofarawayfromeachother—thepark’ssitescrossaround8miles—withlittlepublictransporttosomeofthem.”（它们彼此之间距离也很远——公园的各个地点相距约8英里——其中一些地方几乎没有公共交通工具。）可知，庞贝古城将成为一个分散的考古公园，推断出D项“分散的”和划线单词scattered的意思一致，符合句意。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButvisitornumberstoPompeiirosefromunder2.7millionin2014toover3.9millionby2019.InJuly2023,arecord21,141peoplevisitedtheparkinasingleday.”（但到庞贝的游客数量从2014年的270万增加到2019年的390多万。2023年7月，单日参观人数达到创纪录的21,141人。）可知，庞贝公园挤满游客。故选D项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Howdoyoumakeoneoftheworld’smostfamousancientsitesbigger?”（如何让世界上最著名的古迹之一变得更大?）及第二段“Sowithevermoretouristspouringintothesite,theteambehindtheArchaeological（考古的）ParkofPompeiihavefoundaplanB—dividingvisitorsaroundancientsitesthatarefarther,withall-in-oneticketsandbuseslaidonbetweenthesites.”（因此，随着越来越多的游客涌入庞贝遗址，庞贝考古公园的团队找到了一个B计划，将游客分散到距离更远的古代遗址周围，在遗址之间提供一体式门票和巴士。）可知，本文主要讲述随着旅游业的发展，经营者把附近古别墅纳入到考古公园，统一售票，增加各景点之间的班车，有效地把游客分散到各景点，实际上扩大了公园的范围。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Earthquakesareonetypeofnaturaldisasteryousimplycan’tseecoming.Earthquakepreparationisthebestwaytodealwithaconfusingtime.Here’ssomethingyouneedtoknowabouthowtoprepareforanearthquake.Examineweakpointsinyourhomeandmakeaplantostrengthenthem.Protectyourspaceoryourhomebyfindingoutdangersandfixingmoveablethings.____16____Pushtop-heavypiecessuchasbookshelvesawayfrombedsorsofas,andmovetheheavierthingsontolowershelves.Createanearthquakesafetyplanwithyourfamily.It’skeytocreateandpracticeanemergencyplanwithyourfamilysothateveryoneknowswhattododuringatimeofanearthquake.Talkaboutwayseachfamilymembercanactasateam.____17________18____Itmaybeunderastrongpieceoffurniturewhichcanprotectyoufromfallingobjectsoragainstanyinsidewallawayfromwindows,bookshelves,ortallfurniturethatcouldfallonyou.Learnearthquakeemergencyplansatyourworkplace,children’sschoolordaycarecenter.Disastercanstrikeatanymoment.____19____It’salsowisetomakeanoteofhowyouplantocommunicatewitheachotherandhowtoletlovedonesknowyou’resafe.Rememberthatcellphonesmaybeunreliable(不可靠的)afteranearthquake.____20____Earthquakesusuallylastaroundoneminutebutifthedamageisbigenough,youcouldbetrappedforamuchlongerperiodoftime.Youshouldhaveabagcontainingmedicalequipment,food,water,flashlightsandsoon.A.Prepareanemergencybag.B.Prepareformoredamageanddanger.C.Picksafespacesineveryroomtotakeshelterin.D.Theshakinggroundcouldmovealmostanything.E.Itcanhelpreducefears,especiallyinyoungchildren.F.Thepreparationdependsonawell-practicedplanandreadysupplies.G.Soitisnecessarytolearnhowtoprepareforanearthquakeinanyenvironment.【答案】16.D17.E18.C19.G20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述如何为家庭制定地震防范应急计划。【16题详解】根据前文“Examineweakpointsinyourhomeandmakeaplantostrengthenthem.Protectyourspaceoryourhomebyfindingoutdangersandfixingmoveablethings.(检查家里的薄弱环节，制定一个计划来加强它们。通过发现危险和修理可移动的东西来保护你的空间或你的家)”以及后文“Pushtop-heavypiecessuchasbookshelvesawayfrombedsorsofas,andmovetheheavierthingsontolowershelves.(把头重脚轻的东西，比如书架从床或沙发上移开，把重的东西移到较低的架子上)”可知，本段主要讲述，修理可移动的东西和把重的东西放在地上，所以D项“Theshakinggroundcouldmovealmostanything.(震动的地面几乎可以移动任何东西)”是解释为什么这么做，符合文意。故选D项。【17题详解】根据前文“Createanearthquakesafetyplanwithyourfamily.It’skeytocreateandpracticeanemergencyplanwithyourfamilysothateveryoneknowswhattododuringatimeofanearthquake.Talkaboutwayseachfamilymembercanactasateam.(与家人一起制定地震安全计划。与家人一起制定和演练应急计划至关重要，这样每个人都知道在地震发生时该怎么做。讨论一下每个家庭成员如何作为一个团队来行动)”可知，空处位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，所以E项“Itcanhelpreducefears,especiallyinyoungchildren.(它可以帮助减少恐惧，尤其是对年幼的孩子)”符合文意，讲述了前文这么做的好处，是对前文的总结。故选E项。【18题详解】设空位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“Itmaybeunderastrongpieceoffurniturewhichcanprotectyoufromfallingobjectsoragainstanyinsidewallawayfromwindows,bookshelves,ortallfurniturethatcouldfallonyou.(它可能在一件坚固的家具下面，可以保护你不受落下的物体的伤害，也可以在远离窗户、书架或高大家具的任何内墙下面，这些内墙可能会砸到你)”可知，本段主要讲述在家里找可以躲藏的地方，所以C项“Picksafespacesineveryroomtotakeshelterin.(在每个房间里挑一个安全的地方躲起来)”符合本段主题，是本段的中心句。故选C项。【19题详解】根据前文“Learnearthquakeemergencyplansatyourworkplace,children’sschoolordaycarecenter.Disastercanstrikeatanymoment.(在你的工作场所、孩子的学校或日托中心了解地震应急计划。灾难随时可能降临)”可知，G项“Soitisnecessarytolearnhowtoprepareforanearthquakeinanyenvironment.(因此，有必要学习如何在任何环境下为地震做准备)”和前文构成因果关系，符合文意。故选G项。【20题详解】设空位于段首，应是本段的中心句，根据后文“Earthquakesusuallylastaroundoneminutebutifthedamageisbigenough,youcouldbetrappedforamuchlongerperiodoftime.Youshouldhaveabagcontainingmedicalequipment,food,water,flashlightsandsoon.(地震通常持续一分钟左右，但如果破坏足够大，你可能会被困更长的时间。你应该带一个装有医疗设备、食物、水、手电筒等的袋子)”可知，本段主要讲述为地震灾害准备应急的袋子，所以A项“Prepareanemergencybag.(准备一个应急包)”符合本段主题，是本段中心句。故选A项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Alittlelibrarywasbuiltinourneighborhoodtoencouragepeopleto“takeabook,leaveabook”.Whiletakingawalk,Ayla,myeight-year-olddaughter,was____21____andaskedmanyquestionsaboutit.Longafterwegothome,Ifoundherinherbedroom,seatedonthefloor,surroundedbyher____22____,allofthem.She____23____expressedthatshewastryingtofinda（n）____24____bookforthetinylibrary.Notmuchlater,IsawAylastandingatthefrontdoor,holdingabookinonehandandalittle____25____intheother,whichshe____26____inthebathroomwhenshebrushedherteeth.Sheneededittolookintothe____27____.Iwas____28____toknowwhatbookAylahadpicked.Whenwereachedthelibrary,shecarefullysetdownthechairand____29____up.Sheopenedtheglassdoorslowly,withtoomuch_____30_____.Thenshepaused（暂停）,lookeddownatthebookinherhand,andsliditinside.Itwasher_____31_____book.The“takeit”parttookAylaalongtimetolookthroughthechildren’sbooksonebyoneandcarefullyexaminedthem,likeajeweler（宝石匠）_____32_____theperfectstone.Atlast,shefoundwhatshe_____33_____.Oncewegothome,IaskedAylawhysheputthatbookinthelittlelibrary.She_____34_____ifeverykidlefttheirfavoritebook,therewouldbeplentyoffavoritebooksto_____35_____.21.A.patient B.interested C.determined D.awkward22.A.toys B.sweets C.books D.pictures23.A.creatively B.seriously C.hurriedly D.curiously24.A.suitable B.new C.expensive D.similar25.A.toothbrush B.gift C.photo D.chair26.A.fixed B.cleaned C.made D.used27.A.tree B.bag C.library D.neighborhood28.A.nervous B.anxious C.sad D.lucky29.A.climbed B.gave C.cheered D.woke30.A.worry B.pride C.care D.regret31.A.cheapest B.last C.favorite D.worst32.A.showingoff B.searchingfor C.comingacross D.passingdown33.A.tested B.noticed C.ordered D.wanted34.A.explained B.added C.agreed D.remembered35.A.examine B.take C.buy D.describe【答案】21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.B29.A30.C31.C32.B33.D34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者的女儿艾拉响应社区图书馆的活动，挑选自己最喜欢的书留在了图书馆。艾拉认为如果每个孩子都留下自己喜欢的书，就会有很多喜欢的书可以拿走。展现了孩子美好童真的心灵。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在散步的时候，我八岁的女儿艾拉很感兴趣，问了很多问题。A.patient耐心的；B.interested感兴趣的；C.determined坚定的；D.awkward令人尴尬的。根据“askedmanyquestionsaboutit”可知，作者的女儿问了很多问题，应该是对图书馆感兴趣。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名称词义辨析。句意：我们到家很久以后，我发现她在卧室里，坐在地板上，周围都是她的书，所有的书。A.toys玩具；B.sweets糖果；C.books书；D.pictures图片。根据“shewastryingtofinda（n）____4____bookforthetinylibrary”可知，她周围全是书。故选C项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她严肃地表示，她正在为这个小图书馆找一本合适的书。A.creatively创造性地；B.seriously严肃地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.curiously好奇地。下文中作者用“expressed”这个词表明艾拉对即将要做的事抱有很认真的态度，所以严肃地、郑重其事地表达她的想法。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她严肃地表示，她正在为这个小图书馆找一本合适的书。A.suitable合适的；B.new新的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.similar相似的。根据上文提到图书馆鼓励人们“takeabook,leaveabook”以及空后“bookforthetinylibrary”可知，此处指艾拉正在为图书馆找一本合适的书。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，我看见艾拉站在前门，一手拿着一本书，另一只手拿着一把小椅子，她在浴室刷牙的时候就用这把椅子。A.toothbrush牙刷；B.gift礼物；C.photo照片；D.chair椅子。根据“whichshe____6____inthebathroomwhenshebrushedherteeth”以及“shecarefullysetdownthechair”可知，此处指艾拉另一只手拿着一把她刷牙时用的椅子。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，我看见艾拉站在前门，一手拿着一本书，另一只手拿着一把小椅子，她在浴室刷牙的时候就用这把椅子。A.fixed固定；B.cleaned清理；C.made制作；D.used使用。根据“inthebathroomwhenshebrushedherteeth.Sheneededittolookintothe”以及常识可知，艾拉才八岁，在浴室刷牙时需要用到这把椅子来辅助她，此处指这把椅子是她在浴室刷牙时用到的。故选D项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她需要它来看向图书馆里面。A.tree树；B.bag包；C.library图书馆；D.neighborhood邻居。根据“Whenwereachedthelibrary,shecarefullysetdownthechairand____9____up.Sheopenedtheglassdoorslowly”可知，艾拉带着椅子去图书馆，因为她需要站在椅子上才能看到书馆里面。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很想知道艾拉选了什么书。A.nervous紧张的；B.anxious渴望的；C.sad悲伤的；D.lucky幸运的。根据常识和下文“The“takeit”parttookAylaalongtimetolookthroughthechildren’sbooksonebyoneandcarefullyexaminedthem”可知，作者对于女儿精挑细选拿到图书馆的书感到好奇，很想知道。beanxioustodosth.渴望做某事。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们到达图书馆时，她小心翼翼地放下椅子，爬了上去。A.climbed爬；B.gave给；C.cheered使……振奋；D.woke醒来。根据“Sheneededittolookintothe____7____.”可知，此处指艾拉爬到椅子上才能看向图书馆里面，所以她小心翼翼地放下椅子，爬了上去。故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她小心翼翼地慢慢打开玻璃门。A.worry担忧；B.pride骄傲；C.care小心；D.regret遗憾。根据“carefullysetdownthechairand____9____up.Sheopenedtheglassdoorslowly”可知，艾拉年龄小，她的一系列动作都是谨慎小心的，也反映了她对带书到图书馆这件事情认真的态度。故选C项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是她最喜欢的书。A.cheapest最便宜的；B.last最后的；C.favorite最爱的；D.worst最糟糕的。根据“ifeverykidlefttheirfavoritebook,therewouldbeplentyoffavoritebooks”可知，艾拉将自己最喜欢的书留在了图书馆。下文“favorite”是该空的原词复现。故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在“带走”的部分，艾拉花了很长时间，把儿童读物一本一本地看了一遍，仔细检查，就像珠宝商寻找完美的宝石一样。A.showingoff卖弄；B.searchingfor寻找；C.comingacross偶遇；D.passingdown传递。根据“The“takeit”parttookAylaalongtimetolookthroughthechildren’sbooksonebyoneandcarefullyexaminedthem”可知，艾拉在图书馆仔细挑选儿童读物，作者将这一行为比作珠宝商寻找完美的宝石。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，她找到了她想要的。A.tested测试；B.noticed注意；C.ordered命令；D.wanted想要。该句承接上句，可知艾拉仔细挑选，找到了她想要的书籍。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析