广东省茂名市信宜市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题【含答案】

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页广东省茂名市信宜市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共30分。ALittleExplorersSummerCamp2024Ages:EnteringKindergarten—Entering3rdGrade(4—8yearsold)Hours:9:00a.m.—2:00p.m.Total:20Pricing:MemberNon-Member$300$350WeeklyThemesWeek1June17—June21Robotics&Coding(编程)Engineersareproblemsolvers!Exploretheworldofsoftwareandcomputerengineerswhilepracticingyourproblem-solvingskillsthroughvariouscodingchallenges.Week2June24—June28Crafty(精细的)ChemistryDiscoverhowartandchemistrygohandinhand.Experimentwithcolormixing,temperaturechanges,andotherwaystomixartandchemistry.Week3July1—July3AventurasAgricolas—SpanishBilingualCampGoonanagricultureadventurewhilelearningabouttheimportantroleoffarmers,farmanimals,andfruitsandvegetablesthroughhands-onactivitiesinabilingualemergentsetting.CamperswilllearnSpanishvocabularywordsthroughsongs,games,andartactivities.Week4July8—July12OuterSpaceJourneyGetyourjetpacksreadyandjoinusforaweekoffunthatisoutofthisworld!Learnaboutastronauts,travelamongthestars,andexplorenewplanets.*Camperswillenjoyindoorandoutdoormuseumexplorationeachday.*Campersarerequiredtobringtheirownsnacksandlunches.Snacksandluncheswillbeeatenintheindoorclassroom.1.What’sthefocusinWeek2?A.Spaceexploration. B.Agriculturalstudies.

C.Chemicalarts. D.Computerengineering.2.DuringwhichweekcancamperslearnSpanish?A.Thefirstweek. B.Thesecondweek.

C.Thethirdweek. D.Thefourthweek.3.Wherewillcampershavelunches?A.Athome. B.AttheMuseumcafe.

C.Outsidethemuseum. D.Intheindoorclassroom.BThefirsttimeImetJane,webecamebestfriends.Weenjoyedthesamethings.Wewereexcitedtofindeachother.OurfamiliesbecamefriendsandeveryoneknewwhereveryoufoundJane,youfoundme.Janewasatmyhousequiteoftenthatsummer.Weplayedandpractisedflutes(长笛).Whenschoolbegan,wetalkedonthephoneandwentovertoeachother’shouses.Thenitseemedasifwewereputtoatest.Webothmadenewfriends.Janestartedtohangoutwithhers.Weseldomtalkedonthephone.Whenwedidtakeaminutetotalk,oneofhernewfriendswouldcomeupandJanewouldwalkawaywithher,leavingmehurt.I’msureshedidn’tknowhowbadIfelt.Ibegantohangaroundwithmynewfriends,butitwasn’tthesame.ImetErma,alsoafriendofJane’s.Shewasinthesamesituation.WedecidedtotalktoJane.Thecallwasnoteasy.However,whenwetalkedonthephone,wewerefriendsagain.Iexplainedmyfeelingsandsodidshe.IrealizedIwasnottheonlyonehurting.Shealsofeltleftout.ThereweretimeswhenIdidn’tevennoticeIwasignoring(忽视)her.WetalkedforalongtimeandIfeltaheavyweightliftedoffmyheart.Ifeltsohappy.Wedecidedwewantedtobewithournewfriends,butwouldneverforgetthefunandfriendshipwehad.Today,Ilookbackonallofthis.Janeisnotmybestfriendanymore,butmorelikemysister.Westillenjoythesamethings.Janetaughtmethatthingschange,peoplechangebutitdoesn’tmeanyouforgetthepast.Itsimplymeansyoumoveonandtreasureallthememories.4.WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorandJanefromthefirstparagraph?A.Theyoftenstudiedtogether.

B.Janewastheauthor’sfirstfriend.

C.Theyhadmuchincommon.

D.Theauthorhadonlyonefriend.5.WhatwaswrongwiththeauthorandJanewhenschoolstarted?A.Theyperformedbadly.

B.Theyspentlesstimetogether.

C.Theyarguedwitheachother.

D.Theywereunwillingtotalktoeachother.6.HowdidtheauthorfeelaftertalkingtoJaneonthephone?A.Glad. B.Surprised. C.Down. D.Nervous.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Friendswillfinallyleaveus.

B.Friendsmakeourchildhoodcolourful.

C.Friendsalwayshurtusbyaccident.

D.Thingswillchangebutmemorieswon’t.CDoyouloveseeingbeautifullanternsoutside?ThebesttimetodothisisduringtheLanternFestival,whichfallsonthe15thdayofthefirstlunar(阴历)month.ThisyearitisonFeb22,markingtheendofSpringFestivalcelebrations.Lanternsareabigpartofthefestival.Onestorysaysthatthebrightlanternsshowrespectforgods.Anothersaysthatpeoplelightlanternstocelebratethedeclining(消退的)darknessofwinter.Watchinglanternsisagreatevent.Youseelanternsinanysizesandshapesyoucanimagine,fromanimalstoplantsandflowers.Tomakethisactivitymorefun,peoplepaste(粘贴)riddles(谜语)onthelanterns.“Tenplusten,stillisten,tenminusten,againisten.”Guesswhat?Itisapairofgloves.Insomeplaces,peoplelikereleasingskylanterns,whicharecalledKongminglanterns.Askylanternisasmallhotairballoonmadeofpaper,withanopeningatthebottom,wherethereisasmallfiresource.Whenthebrightlightsflyhighinthesky,peopleblessfamilymembersandmakewishes.Releasingriverlightsisalsoawaytoblessforeachother.Usually,thelightsareintheshapeofalotus(荷花).Inoldtimes,theLanternFestivalwasalsoromantic.Atthattime,younggirlswerenotallowedtogooutveryoftenexceptduringcertainfestivals.Therefore,lookingatlanternsgaveyoungpeopleachancetomeeteachother.AlinefromXinQiji,apoetduringtheSongDynasty,showsthis:“Anxiously,Isearchedforherinthousands,hundredsofways.SuddenlyIturned,andthereshewasinthedeclininglight.”8.WhendopeoplecelebratetheLanternFestival?A.Onthe22nddayofthefirstlunarmonth.

B.Onthe15thdayofthefirstsolarmonth.

C.Onthe22nddayofFebruaryeveryyear.

D.Onthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonth.9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheLanternFestivalisTRUE?A.Peoplepasteriddlestoshowofftheirknowledge.

B.Younggirlswerenotallowedtogooutontheday.

C.Peoplelightlanternstodriveanimalsaway.

D.Peoplemakewisheswhenreleasinglights.10.HowdoyoufeelaboutthelinefromXinQiji?A.Sad. B.Scared. C.Romantic. D.Anxious.11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheOriginoftheLanternFestival

B.RiverLightsontheLanternFestival

C.CelebrationsoftheLanternFestival

D.AdaytoGuessLanternRiddlesDHundredsofemperorpenguinchicksjumpedoffa15-metercliff(悬崖),ashighasafive-storybuilding.ThisscenewascapturedbydronesinJanuaryatAtkaBay,Antarctica,andwasputoutrecentlyinadocumentaryseriescalledSecretsofthePenguins.Thisjumpseemsbravebutcouldbelethaltotheseyoungpenguins.AccordingtoNationalGeographic,emperorpenguinsusuallyraisetheirchicksonseaiceplatforms.Notlongaftertheyturn5monthsold,thechickshavetobegintheirfirstswimintheoceantohuntforthemselves.Normally,theyjustneedtojumpfromtheseaice,whichislessthanameterhigh.However,hefast-meltingiceinAntarcticachangesthesituation.TheAntarcticsummerseaicehasdecreasedsharplysince2016,reportedtheBBC．inFebruary2023,thetotalareaofseaicereachedarecordlowof1.91millionsquarekilometers.Emperorsdependonseaicefortheirbreedingcycle,it’sthestableplatformtheyusetobringuptheiryoung.PeterFretwellfromtheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS),toldtheBBC．Iftheiceplatformmeltsorbreaksapartbeforetheycouldswim,theyaremorelikelytodrownorfreezetodeath.Forthisreasonemperorpenguinsarenowchoosingtoraisetheirbabiesontheiceshelf,whichisfirmlyattachedtotheland.Therefore,chicksmustfacethechallengeofjumpingoffahighcliff.“Whenthechicksgettothiscliffface,they’relike...‘Thisdoesnotlooklikeafunjump,butIguessI’mgonnahavetogo’,”MichelleLaRue,ascientistattheUniversityofCanterbury,NewZealand,toldNationalGeographic.“Alarmingly,thedeclineintheicehascausedthousandsofemperorpenguinchickstotheinWestAntarcticain2022.Thecontinuingdeclineofseaicemayforcemoreemperorstomaketheirnestsoniceshelves,”saidFretwell.“It’sheartbreakingtothinkthatthewholespeciesmaybegoneifclimatechangecontinuesonthepaththatit’sonatthemoment,”headded.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lethal”inparagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Deadly. B.Pleasant. C.Unusual. D.Boring.13.Whydoemperorpenguinchicksjumpoffcliffs?A.Theywanttotravelacrosstheocean.

B.Theyaretryingtoescapepredators.

C.Theyarecelebratinggettingtheiradultfeathers.

D.Theyhavenootherwaytoenterthewatertohunt.14.Whatfactorisleadingtoemperorpenguinsraisingtheiryoungoniceshelves?A.Decliningsealevels.

B.Therapidmeltingofseaice.

C.Moreavailablefoodforthechicks.

D.Biggersizeoficeshelves.15.WhatisthemainconcernFretwellexpressed-regardingemperorpenguins?A.Theshorterbreedingcycle.

B.Theirabilitytohuntforthemselves.

C.Thepotentialextinctionofthespecies.

D.Theirincreaseddependenceonseaice.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共10分。Howwouldyoufeelifmovingtoanewtownmeantlosingtrackofyourfriends?Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered?

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Thankstoprogressintechnology,howwemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschangedsignificantly.Nowadays,wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwiththepeoplethatwewanttoremainfriendswith.

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Allyouneedisawi-ficonnection.Thedigitalagealsohelpsusfindpeoplewhoshareourinterests,suchasplayinganunusualinstrument.Whateverourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectpeoplewhosharethesamehobbies,everiftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.

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Itdepends.Ifpeoplealwaysexchangetruepersonalinformationonline,thesefriendshipscanberealandmeaningful.Yetweneedtokeepinmindthatwhatweseeonsocialmediaisoftennotthewholetruth.Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonlypositiveupdatesthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.

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Rememberthesaying:ontheInternet,nobodyknowsyou’readog.Ayoungpersoncouldbeold;awomancouldbeaman;wecouldevenbesharingourinformationwithbadguys.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatweshouldthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater,though.Technologyhaschangedthewaywemakefriends,butthemeaningoffriendshipandourlongingforfriendsremainthesame.

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A．TheInternethelpsusmakemorefriends.B．Butsmilingphotoscanhiderealproblems.C．Thiswashowthingsworkednotverylongago.D．However,doestheInternetreallybringpeoplecloser?E．However,arethe“friends”youmakeonlinereallyyourfriends?F．Noonewouldchoosetolivewithoutfriends,evenifhehadallothergoodthings.G．Socialmedialetsusseewhatourfriendsarebusywithandmaintainsourfriendships.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共22.5分。Mymotheronlyhasafifth-gradeeducation.Lifeishardforherto

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meupasasinglemotherinaforeigncountry.Overtheyears,shehasbeena(n)

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.Whensheworked,sheusedtospenduptoninehoursineachclient’s(客户的)home.Butfewofherclientseverstoppedtoreallyspeaktoher,orto

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thiswomanwhospentyearscleaningeverycorneroftheirhomes.Iknewthe

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ofmymum,soIexploredtheknowledge

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.Once,Ipublished(出版)astoryonabook.Whensheshowedmyfrontstorytoone

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,itwasoneofthefewtimesinnearlyfortyyearsinthiscountrythatsheactuallyfelt

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becauseofwhatshehelpedme

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withrags(抹布)andsoap.Theyrealizedher

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.Now,eachtimeImakesome

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,I’llbereally

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toshareitwithher.Thefirsttimeshesetfootonmycollege

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,shebroughtacamcorder(摄像机).Shewalkedaroundmycampusforhours,

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everybuildingandtreehappily.Yearslater,whenshereturnedformy

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,shehadanoldwhiterag,justliketheonessheusedtocleanhouses.Ifeltabit

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.Butwhentheceremonywasover,Iunderstood.Theragwaswetinhertears.21.A.cheer B.raise C.give D.put22.A.teacher B.doctor C.athlete D.cleaner23.A.giveup B.shoutat C.hearof D.learnabout24.A.hardship B.behaviour C.decision. D.spirit25.A.easily B.firstly C.seriously D.tiredly26.A.senior B.client C.volunteer D.partner27.A.seen B.pitied C.ordered D.supported28.A.organize B.achieve C.work D.compete29.A.warmth B.contact C.strength D.choice30.A.mistakes B.problems C.noise D.progress31.A.angry B.sad C.excited D.amazed32.A.library B.office C.classroom D.campus33.A.filming B.counting C.painting D.imagining34.A.prize B.failure C.graduation D.company35.A.afraid B.strange C.happy D.relaxed四、单句语法填空：本大题共1小题，共1分。36.Tomdenied

(persuade)MarytopredictthatthefutureofAIcareerswaspotential.(所给词的适当形式填空)五、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。37.China,thebirthplaceoftea,

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(hold)adeep-rootedrelationshipwiththisbeloveddrinksinceancienttimes.TeahasbecomeapartofChineseculture,appearinginpoemsand

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(tradition)customs.Formany,thejoyofteacomesnotjustfromitstaste,

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fromthebeautyofteaceremonies.Inspring,

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(pick)tealeavesisacherishedactivityinSouthChina.BeforeQingminginearlyApril,

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theweatherwarmsupandraincomesmoreoften,thefirsttealeavesarereadytobeharvested.Thisearlytea,calledMingqiantea,is

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(high)praisedforitsquality.ZhejiangprovinceinEastChinais

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majortea-producingarea.FamoustypesincludeWhiteTeafromAnjicountyandWestLakeLongjingTeafromHangzhou,bothofwhich

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(know)inChinaandabroad.Duringspring,thehillsintheseregionsarecoveredwithteaworkerstendingtotheirplants.Many

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(tourist)visittheseareastoenjoythebeautifulteafarmsandtastefreshlybrewedtea.Thousandsofyearsago,Chinesepeopleturnedasimpleleaf

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adeliciousdrink.Overtime,teahascontinuedtoplayanimportantroleinChineseculture,enrichinglivesandpreservingtraditions.(1)

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六、单词拼写-单句：本大题共2小题，共2分。38.Apparently,thetheoriesofpoliticiansand

(小说家)arebothunscientific.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)39.Thewitnesssaidthatamusementis

(明令禁止)inthethemepark.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)七、完成句子：本大题共7小题，共14分。40.Thechemicaleducatorbentdowntoseewherethecarhad

(损坏)down.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)41.AsfarasIknow,theelderlyoperatordislikejunkfood

(regard)ofhunger.(所给词的适当形式填空)42.Theprofessorplanstoputofftheoutinguntilnextweek,

hewon’tbesobusy.教授计划把郊游推迟到下周，那时他就不会那么忙了。43.Asusual,Tom

thenewsonTVatnineo’clocktonight.像往常一样，汤姆今晚九点钟将在电视上看新闻。44.

apositioninaremoteruralschoolisagreathonor.能在偏远的农村学校任职是一种荣幸。45.AuntWucameintoclassroom,

herdaughter.吴阿姨走进教室，后面跟着她的女儿。46.Itisstillindoubt

theplanwillbecarriedout.该计划是否会实施还不确定。八、任务型读写：本大题共1小题，共25分。47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AnAngelonaSnowyNightThewindwasblowinghardasIwasdrivingdownthetwistsandturnsofthecountryroad.Iwasdesperatetogethomebeforedark,butthereseemednoway.Theforecastsaidtherewasgoingtobeaheavysnowontheway.Itwasfreezingcoldoutside.Thewindwasblowingagainstthewindows,lettingoutbuzzingnoises.Hairstandingonend,Isteppedhardontheaccelerator,longingtomakeittomycozyhomeearlier.ThecarwasroaringalongtheroughroadwhenIsuddenlyheardabigbangcomingfrombehind.Thecarsomehowsloweddown,andImanagedtopullitovertothesideoftheroad.Iwasinacoldsweatfromextremeterror,wonderingwhathadjusthappened.Draggingmyselfoutofthedriver’sseat,Ishiveredwithcold.Suddenly,agustofcoldwindclearedmyhead.QuicklyIexaminedthecar.Muchtomysurprise,noseriousdamagewasdone.Itwasjustaflattire,butthecarcouldn’tmoveforwardaninch!Itwasblackdarkoutside.Therewasnotasinglesoularoundtoturnto.Awaveoffearinstantlywashedoverme.Worsestill,itbegantosnowattheverymoment.Snowflakesweredancingintheairatthemercyofhowlingwind.HowIwishedsomeonecouldcometomyrescuejustintime!Withnowheretohide,Ihadtowaitinthedarkness,coldandhelpless.Iwaitedandwaited,butnocarortruckpassedby.Swallowedbycompletedarkness,Ialmostwentmad.“Whatifnoonecomes?WhatshouldIdo?”,Imumbled.Atthispoint,Iwastotallyseizedbyanxietyandfear.Mypatiencewasrunningoutwhenloudnoisesboomedoutfromthedarknight.TherecameaFordpickup,withdazzlinglightcastoverthewhitesnow.Isprangtomyfeet,wavingmyarmscrazily.注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Para1:Thepickupfinallystopped,andoutsteppedthedriver._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Para2:Thedriverdrewbackandrefusedtotakethemoney._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________九、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。48.假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Jodie发邮件和你分享了她最近的旅行经历，并询问你印象深刻的旅游经历。请你给Jodie写一封邮件，内容包括：1.旅途见闻；2.旅途感想。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJodie,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、C、D【解析】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2024小探险家夏令营活动的活动详情。

1.

细节理解题。根据Week2部分“Discoverhowartandchemistrygohandinhand.Experimentwithcolormixing,temperaturechanges,andotherwaystomixartandchemistry.(探索艺术和化学是如何携手并进的。尝试色彩混合、温度变化和其他方式来混合艺术和化学)”可知，第二周的重点是化学艺术。故选C。

2.

细节理解题。根据Week3部分“CamperswilllearnSpanishvocabularywordsthroughsongs,games,andartactivities.(露营者将通过歌曲、游戏和艺术活动学习西班牙语词汇)”可知，在第三周，露营者可以学习西班牙语。故选C。

3.

细节理解题。根据最后一段“Snacksandluncheswillbeeatenintheindoorclassroom.(零食和午餐将在室内教室吃)”可知，露营者们在室内教室吃午饭。故选D。4~7.【答案】C、B、A、D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和好朋友Jane之间因为结识新朋友而产生隔阂，后又和解的经历，最后表达了“虽然事情会变，人会变，但并不意味着你要忘记过去”的主题。

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细节理解题。根据第一段“ThefirsttimeImetJane,webecamebestfriends.Weenjoyedthesamethings.Wewereexcitedtofindeachother.(我第一次见到简时，我们就成了最好的朋友。我们享受同样的东西。我们很兴奋能找到彼此)”可知，作者和简有很多共同之处。故选C。

2.

细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenschoolbegan,wetalkedonthephoneandwentovertoeachother’shouses.Thenitseemedasifwewereputtoatest.Webothmadenewfriends.Janestartedtohangoutwithhers.Weseldomtalkedonthephone.(开学后，我们在电话里聊了聊，然后去了彼此的家。那时候，我们似乎在经受考验。我们都交了新朋友。简开始和她的朋友出去玩。我们很少在电话里交谈)”可知，开学时作者和简在一起的时间更少了。故选B。

3.

细节理解题。根据第四段“WetalkedforalongtimeandIfeltaheavyweightliftedoffmyheart.Ifeltsohappy.(我们谈了很长时间，我感到心头的重负如释重负。我感到很高兴)”可知，作者和简通过电话后感到很高兴。故选A。

4.

主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Janetaughtmethatthingschange,peoplechangebutitdoesn’tmeanyouforgetthepast.Itsimplymeansyoumoveonandtreasureallthememories.(简教会了我事情会变，人会变但这并不意味着你会忘记过去。它只是意味着你继续前行，珍惜所有的回忆)”结合文章讲述了作者和好朋友Jane之间因为结识新朋友而产生隔阂，后又和解的经历，最后表达了“虽然事情会变，人会变，但并不意味着你要忘记过去”的主题。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是事情会变，但记忆不会变。故选D。8~11.【答案】D、D、C、C【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了元宵节的庆祝形式。

1.

细节理解题。根据第一段“ThebesttimetodothisisduringtheLanternFestival,whichfallsonthe15thdayofthefirstlunar(阴历)month.”（这样做的最好的时间是在阴历正月十五的元宵节）可知，人们在阴历正月十五庆祝元宵节。故选D项。

2.

细节理解题。根据第四段“Whenthebrightlightsflyhighinthesky,peopleblessfamilymembersandmakewishes.”（当明亮的灯光在天空中高高飘扬时，人们祝福家人并许愿）可知，人们放灯时会许愿。故选D项。

3.

细节理解题。根据最后一段“Inoldtimes,theLanternFestivalwasalsoromantic.AlinefromXinQiji,apoetduringtheSongDynasty,showsthis:“Anxiously,Isearchedforherinthousands,hundredsofways.SuddenlyIturned,andthereshewasinthedeclininglight.””（在古代，元宵节也是一个浪漫的节日。宋朝诗人辛弃疾的一句诗就说明了这一点:“众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处”）可知，辛弃疾的词是很浪漫的。故选C项。

4.

主旨大意题。根据第三段“Watchinglanternsisagreatevent.”（赏灯是一个大的事件），第四段“Insomeplaces,peoplelikereleasingskylanterns.”（在一些地方，人们喜欢放天灯），以及第五段“Inoldtimes,theLanternFestivalwasalsoromantic.Atthattime,younggirlswerenotallowedtogooutveryoftenexceptduringcertainfestivals.”（在古代，元宵节也是一个浪漫的节日。在那个时候，除了某些节日，年轻女孩是不允许经常外出的）可知，文章主要介绍了元宵节的庆祝形式。故选C项。12~15.【答案】A、D、B、C【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了企鹅幼崽因南极海冰融化被迫从高崖跳海，气候变化加剧，企鹅生存面临严重威胁。

1.

词句猜测题。根据第二段“Thisjumpseemsbravebutcouldbelethaltotheseyoungpenguins.(这次跳跃看起来很勇敢，但对这些年轻的企鹅来说可能是lethal。)”和最后一段中的“Thecontinuingdeclineofseaicemayforcemoreemperorstomaketheirnestsoniceshelves,saidFretwell.It’sheartbreakingtothinkthatthewholespeciesmaybegoneifclimatechangecontinuesonthepaththatit’sonatthemoment,”headded.(弗雷特韦尔说，海冰的持续减少可能会迫使更多的帝企鹅在冰架上筑巢。他补充说：“如果气候变化继续这样发展下去，整个物种可能会灭绝，想到这一点令人心碎。”)”可知，这次跳跃看起来很勇敢，但对这些年轻的企鹅来说可能是致命的，lethal意为“致命的”。A.Deadly致命的；B.

Pleasant令人愉快的；C.Unusual不寻常的；D.Boring没趣的，令人厌倦的。故选A。

2.

推理判断题。根据第三段“AccordingtoNationalGeographic,emperorpenguinsusuallyraisetheirchicksonseaiceplatforms.Notlongaftertheyturn5monthsold,thechickshavetobegintheirfirstswimintheoceantohuntforthemselves.Normally,theyjustneedtojumpfromtheseaice,whichislessthanameterhigh.(据《国家地理》报道，帝企鹅通常在海冰平台上养育它们的幼崽。在他们5个月大后不久，小企鹅们要开始第一次在海里游泳来为自己寻找（猎物），通常情况下，它们只需要从不到一米高的海冰上跳下来。)”和第四段中的“However,hefast-meltingiceinAntarcticachangesthesituation.(然而，南极洲快速融化的冰改变了这种情况。)”可知，小企鹅们跳下悬崖是因为它们没有其他办法进入水中捕猎。故选D。

3.

推理判断题。根据第四段中的“However,thefast-meltingiceinAntarcticachangesthesituation.(然而，南极洲快速融化的冰改变了这种情况。)”和第五段“Emperorsdependonseaicefortheirbreedingcycle,it’sthestableplatformtheyusetobringuptheiryoung.PeterFretwellfromtheBritishAntarcticSurvey(BAS),toldtheBBC.Iftheiceplatformmeltsorbreaksapartbeforetheycouldswim,theyaremorelikelytodrownorfreezetodeath.Forthisreasonemperorpenguinsarenowchoosingtoraisetheirbabiesontheiceshelf,whichisfirmlyattachedtotheland.Therefore,chicksmustfacethechallengeofjumpingoffahighcliff.(帝企鹅的繁殖周期依靠海冰，这是它们养育幼崽的稳定平台。英国南极调查局(BAS)的彼得·弗雷特韦尔告诉BBC。如果冰平台在他们游泳之前融化或破裂，他们更有可能淹死或冻死。出于这个原因，帝企鹅现在选择在冰架上抚养他们的孩子，冰架与陆地紧密相连。因此，小企鹅必须面对跳下悬崖的挑战。)”可知，南极洲快速融化的冰导致帝企鹅在冰架上抚养幼崽。故选B。

4.

细节理解题。根据最后一段中的““It’sheartbreakingtothinkthatthewholespeciesmaybegoneifclimatechangecontinuesonthepaththatit’sonatthemoment,”headded.(他补充说：“如果气候变化继续这样发展下去，整个物种可能会灭绝，想到这一点令人心碎。”)”可知，Fretwell主要担心的是帝企鹅物种的潜在灭绝。故选C。16~20.【答案】C、G、E、B、F【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了科技进步对人们交友方式的影响。

1.

根据上文“Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered?(如果从远方朋友那里获取消息的唯一方式是写信，而这些信需要很长时间才能送达，那会怎么样呢？)”可知，此处上下文说的是不久前人们之间进行交流的方式，与C项“Thiswashowthingsworkednotverylongago.(不久前，事情就是这样运转的)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。

2.

根据下文“Allyouneedisawi-ficonnection.(你只需要一个无线网络连接)”可推理出，上文说的是社交媒体，与G项“Socialmedialetsusseewhatourfriendsarebusywithandmaintainsourfriendships.(社交媒体让我们了解朋友的忙碌状况，维系了我们的友谊)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。

3.

根据下文“Itdepends.Ifpeoplealwaysexchangetruepersonalinformationonline,thesefriendshipscanberealandmeaningful.Yetweneedtokeepinmindthatwhatweseeonsocialmediaisoftennotthewholetruth.(这要视情况而定。如果人们总是在网上交流真实的个人信息，这些友谊就会变得真实而有意义。然而，我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是全部真相)”可推理出，上文对网上结交的朋友是否真正的朋友提出了质疑，与E项“However,arethe“friends”youmakeonlinereallyyourfriends?(然而，你在网上结交的“朋友”真的是你的朋友吗？)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。

4.

根据上文“Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonlypositiveupdatesthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.(在社交媒体网站上，人们倾向于只发布让自己看起来快乐和友好的积极更新)”可推理出，可推理出，此处上下文说的是积极的更新后面可能藏着真正的问题，与B项“Butsmilingphotoscanhiderealproblems.(但微笑的照片可以掩盖真正的问题)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。

5.

根据上文“Technologyhaschangedthewaywemakefriends,butthemeaningoffriendshipandourlongingforfriendsremainthesame.(科技改变了我们交朋友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望是不变的)”可知，此处讲的是友谊的重要性，与F项“Noonewouldchoosetolivewithoutfriends,evenifhehadallothergoodthings.(没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，即使他拥有所有其他美好的东西)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。21~35.【答案】B、D、D、A、C、B、A、B、C、D、C、D、A、C、B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的母亲在异国独自抚养作者长大，母亲从事清洁工的工作，十分辛苦。作者理解母亲的辛苦，努力读书，毕业典礼这天，母亲的清洁布被母亲的眼泪打湿。

1.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个单身母亲，她在异国抚养我长大是很困难的。A.cheer欢呼；B.raise抚养，筹集；C.give给予；D.put放置。根据后文“meupasasinglemother”指母亲抚养作者长大。故选B。

2.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，她一直是个清洁工。A.teacher老师；B.doctor医生；C.athlete运动员；D.cleaner清洁工。根据后文“thiswomanwhospentyearscleaningeverycorneroftheirhomes”可知，母亲是清洁工。故选D。

3.

考查动词短语辨析。句意：但她的客户很少停下来和她真正交谈，或者了解这个花了几年时间打扫他们家每个角落的女人。A.giveup放弃；B.shoutat对……大喊；C.hearof听说；D.learnabout了解。根据上文“Butfewofherclientseverstoppedtoreallyspeaktoher”可知，顾客并不了解母亲，故选D。

4.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道妈妈的辛苦，所以我认真地探索知识。A.hardship艰难；B.behaviour行为；C.decision决定；D.spirit精神。根据上文“thiswomanwhospentyearscleaningeverycorneroftheirhomes.”可知，母亲独自抚养作者，十分辛苦。故选A。

5.

考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道妈妈的辛苦，所以我认真地探索知识。A.easily容易地；B.firstly首先；C.seriously严肃地，认真地；D.tiredly疲倦地。根据上文“Iexploredtheknowledge”可知，作者理解母亲的辛苦，于是认真地探索知识，即好好学习。故选C。

6.

考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她把我在头版的故事给一位客户看时，这是她在这个国家近四十年来为数不多的几次感到自己被重视，因为她用抹布和肥皂帮助我取得了成就。A.senior老人；B.client客户；C.volunteer志愿者；D.partner伙伴。根据上文“Whensheshowedmyfrontstorytoone”以及后文“Theyrealizedher”可知，母亲把作者的故事给客户看了。故选B。

7.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她把我在头版的故事给一位客户看时，这是她在这个国家近四十年来为数不多的几次感到自己被重视，因为她用抹布和肥皂帮助我取得了成就。A.seen看见；B.pitied同情；C.ordered命令；D.supported支持。根据上文“itwasoneofthefewtimesinnearlyfortyyearsinthiscountrythatsheactuallyfelt”以及作者取得了成就，母亲也感到自己被重视。故选A。

8.

考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她把我在头版的故事给一位客户看时，这是她在这个国家近四十年来为数不多的几次感到自己被重视，因为她用抹布和肥皂