江苏专版2025版高考英语考前保分训练专题3阅读理解第4节记叙文练习牛津译林版

PAGEPAGE1第4节记叙文题组训练一1话题：人物介绍难度：★★建议用时：7分钟CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand，tomanypeople，thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Asamoralist，satirist，andsocialreformer，DickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.DickenswasborninPortsmouth，onEngland’ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishnavypayoffice—arespectableposition，butwithlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents，astewardandahousekeeperpossessedevenlessstatus，havingbeenservants，andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dickens’mothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDicken’sbirth，hismother’sfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope，nevertoreturn.Thefamily’sincreasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren’sBlackingWarehouse，ashoe-polishfactory，wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas“theyounggentleman”.Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliations(耻辱)ofhisfather’simprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDickens’greatestwoundandbecamehisdeepestsecret.Hecouldnotconfidethemeventohiswife，althoughtheyprovidetheunacknowledgedfoundationofhisfiction.Soonafterhisfather’sreleasefromprison，Dickensgotabetterjobasanerrandboyinlawoffices.HetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesametime，Dickens，whohadareporter’seyefortranscribing(转录)thelifearoundhimespeciallyanythingcomicorodd，submittedshortsketches(短篇作品)toobscuremagazines.Thefirstpublishedsketch，ADinneratPoplarWalkbroughttearstoDickens’eyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesofTheMonthlyMagazine.Fromthenonhissketches，whichappearedunderthepenname“Boz”inTheEveningChronicle，earnedhimamodestreputation.SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared，apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments，asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbythethen-famousartistRobertSeymour，whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence，DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour’spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment，Dickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrectadrawingwhich，Dickensfelt，wasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.Seymourmadethechange，wentintohisbackyard，andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel，ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub，appearedseriallyin1836and1837，andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers，asitisgenerallyknowntoday，securedDickens’fame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars，andtheplump，spectacledhero，SamuelPickwick，becameanationalfigure.AfterPickwick，Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.InOliverTwist，hetracesanorphan’sprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslums(贫民区)ofLondon.NicholasNickleby，hisnextnovel，combinesthedarknessofOliverTwistwiththesunlightofPickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDickensasanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。描述了狄更斯的家庭背景、成长经验和主要作品等。1.Dickens’familybackgroundhadthefollowingeffectsonhimEXCEPTthat.A.heformedanoddpersonalityB.itcastashadowonhisheartC.hehadtodropoutofschoolD.ithadhisdignitythreatened答案A解析细微环节理解题。A项文中没有提到，但B、C、D三项涉及的内容在文中其次段中都提及了。2.WhichofthefollowingworkssecuredDickens’reputation?A.ADinneratPoplarWalk.B.OliverTwist.C.ThePickwickPapers.D.NicholasNickleby.答案C解析细微环节理解题。依据第六段第一句“TherunawaysuccessofThePickwickPapers，asitisgenerallyknowntoday，securedDickens’fame.”可知，《匹克威克列传》的巨大胜利为狄更斯赢得了声誉。3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.A.Dickens’insistenceagainstSeymour’swillmighthaveledtotheartistkillinghimselfB.itwasthecombinationofOliverTwistandPickwickthatmadeDickensworld-famousC.DickensreflectedthesituationofEnglishsocietyinthe18thcenturywithhisliteratureD.Dickens’sketchesinTheMonthlyMagazineattractedtheattentionofapublishingfirm答案A解析推理推断题。依据第五段倒数第三、四句“...Dickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrect...andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.”可知A项正确。依据文章最终一段可知，是狄更斯的三部小说让他享誉世界，故B项错误；C项中应反映的是19世纪的英国社会，故解除；D项中应是SketchesbyBoz吸引了出版商，故解除。4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Dickens’greatcontributions.B.Dickens’famousworks.C.Dickens’familybackground.D.Dickens’lifeexperiences.答案D解析主旨大意题。文章介绍了查尔斯·狄更斯的家庭背景、成长经验和主要作品等，因此A、B、C三项均是以偏概全，而D项囊括了全文内容。2话题：走路、乘车的好处难度：★建议用时：6分钟Whenawebsitesuggestedthatwenotuseacarforaweek，Idecidedtohaveatry.Duringthelastcoupleyears，I’vegotusedtotakingthebus.Thefirsttwodayswasprettyeasy.Itookthebustomysummerschoolclass，walkedtotheshopafterwards，andthentookabushome.Thebusridesnevertookmorethan20minutesandsinceIstartedthechallengeonaweekday，thebusesranoftenandIdidn’thavetowaitatstopsverylong.Butbythethirdday，Istartedtomissbeingabletogoanywhereinacar.Onthefourthday，aftergettingreadyforschool，IlookedattheclockandIwasalready20minuteslate.IknewthatifItookthebusI’darrivealmostanhourlate.Sincetheclassisonlytwohourslong，Iaskedmymomtodriveme.Ifeltguiltyaboutridinginacar，butitfeltgoodtobeinthepassenger’sseatagain.Fromthefifthdayonitwasn’ttoobad.Somefriendsofferedtodrivemetogooutafewtimes，andIhadtorefusetheirofferandwalktocloserplaceswiththeminstead.TheythoughtIwascrazytogowithoutusingacarforaweek.However，afteraweek，Irealizedthattherearealotofbenefitsofwalkingortakingthebus.Walkingishealthierformybodyandtheworld，andIdon’tmindtakingthebusbecauseIgettomeetreallyinterestingpeople.MyfavoritewasamanwhosaidhewasonajourneyacrossAmerica，andaskedmeaboutschoolandwhatmyfavoritesubjectis.Also，thebusisagoodplaceformetobecreative.I’vewrittenalotofpoemsonthebus.I’mnotsurprisedJ.K.RowlingwroteHarryPotteronthetrain.Onthelastdayofthechallenge，IfeltlikeIcouldfinallyreturnfrommytravel.Strangely，thefirstdayofmyrenewedcarfreedomwasn’tasexcitingasIimagined.Oncethechancesarose，choosingacaroveragreenertravelbecamelessattractive.Whysitinthelonelypassenger’sseatwhenIcouldchooseanyfreeseatIwantedonabus？Besides，walkingortakingthebuscanhelpourenvironment.Sincetherearesomanybenefitsofwalkingortakingthebus，whynotwalkortakethebusmore?语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者接受了一周不乘坐小汽车的挑战，在这个过程中，他发觉了走路和乘坐公共汽车的好处。5.Whydidtheauthorusethecaronthefourthday?A.Becausehehadgottiredoftakingabus.B.Becausethereweren’tmanybusesthatday.C.Becausehereallymissedthepassenger’sseat.D.Becausehedidn’twanttobelateforhisclass.答案D解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段的内容可知，作者选择乘坐小汽车是不想上课迟到，故选D。6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofwalkingortakingabus.B.Thepoemstheauthorwroteonthebus.C.Theactivitiestheauthoroftendidonthebus.D.Theinterestingpeopletheauthormetonthebus.答案A解析段落大意题。第四段第一句“However，afteraweek，Irealizedthattherearealotofbenefitsofwalkingortakingthebus.”为这一段的主旨句，主要是讲走路和乘坐公共汽车的好处，故选A。7.Wecaninferthatnowtheauthor.A.hasdecidednevertousehisfamily’scaragainB.isafraidofgoingsomewherefarbybusC.doesn’tlikelisteningtothecarradiowhenheisinthecarD.ismorewillingtogetaroundonfootorbybus答案D解析推理推断题。依据末段末句“Sincetherearesomanybenefitsofwalkingortakingthebus，whynotwalkortakethebusmore？”可推断作者现在比以前更情愿走路或乘坐公共汽车了。故选D。3话题：梵高简介难度：★★建议用时：7分钟Inthespringof1878，VincentvanGoghturned25.Ashelookedbackoverhisshortlife，theDutchmanfoundlittletocelebrateamongtheendeavorsofhisfalteringcareer.Byconventional，middle-classstandards，hewasafailure.Afteracoupleofdead-endteachingjobsinEngland，aswellasashort，forgettablespellworkinginabookshopinDordrecht，hemovedtoAmsterdamtobecomeaministerofreligion，followinginhisfather’sfootsteps.Attheendof1878，hesetoffforthedepressedcoalminingdistrictoftheBorinagetothewestofthecityofMonsinBelgium，determinedtoestablishhimselfasapreacherfortheworkingclass.There，helivedinahumblehut，gaveawaymuchofhismoney，andchangedhissmartclothesintothepracticalwork-wearoftheBorins.Unfortunately，hewasnotagiftedspeaker，sohismeetingsweresparselyattended.Hisinabilitytoconnectwiththelocalcoalminerswascompoundedbyapracticallinguisticdifficulty：hecouldn’tmakeheadortailoftheirquick-fireregionaldialectknownas“WalloonFrench”whiletheyweremystifiedbyhisownattemptsatFrench，whichtotheirearssoundedoverlyformal.InJuly1879，onlyhalfayearafterhehadarrivedintheregion，hereceivedanothersetback：theauthoritiesterminatedhistrialreligiousappointment.Yetitwasatthisrock-bottommomentthatvanGogh，now26，startedtodraw.“Ioftenfeelhomesickforthecountryofpaintings，”hewrotetohisbrotherTheointhesummerof1880.Hefeltsympathyfortheworking-classminers.Forthefirsttimeinhislife，middle-classvanGoghwasfriendswithpoor，working-classpeople.Thepeoplewerepoorandilliterate，andtheirworkwashardanddangerous.YetforvanGogh，therewassomekindofbiggertruthintheirsimplewayoflife.Afterhebecameanartist，hechosetofindhissubjectmatterthere.Likeartiststhatheadmired，suchasJean-FrancoisMillet，hewantedtoportraythelifeofworking-classpeople，andheremainedinterestingindoingsocertainlyforthefirsthalfofhiscareer.Really，itstayedimportanttohimforever.Inadditiontothisgeneralconcernforeverydayrealityandtheruralpoor，particularthemesthatvanGoghencounteredintheBorinagewouldlaterfeatureprominentlyinhisart.Asheonceputitinaletter，“ItwasintheBorinagethatIbegantoworkfromnatureforthefirsttime.”FewworksfromvanGogh’sBorinageperiodsurvived，becausetheartistburnedmostofthem.Asherevealedinalettertoafriend，hefelttheyweretooclumsyorrelatedtoanuncertaintimewhenhewasstilldevelopinghisownstyleandartisticvoice.语篇解读文章讲解并描述了梵高年轻时候的生活境遇。8.WhathappenedtoVincentvanGoghin1878?A.Helearnedalotfromdifferentjobs.B.Hebecametheapprenticeofhisfather.C.Hewasamemberoftheworkingclass.D.Hefeltdissatisfiedwithhiscareer.答案D解析推理推断题。文中第一段提到梵高在1878年经验了几次工作的更换，但结果都不好，所以答案选D。9.WhydidvanGoghhavedifficultycommunicatingwiththelocalminers?A.Theminersdidn’tappreciatehisdressingstyle.B.TheirFrenchwasn’tagreeableineachother’sears.C.HisFrenchpronunciationwasn’tstandard.D.Hehadtroubleinmakingaspeech.答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段第三句可知，他无法与当地的煤矿工人建立联系，再加上一个实际的语言困难：他听不懂他们的方言“瓦隆法语”，而他们对他的法语感到困惑，因为在他们听来，他的法语听起来过于正式。故选B。10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.VanGoghinteractedwithworking-classpeopleallthroughhislifeeventhoughhewasbornmiddle-class.B.VanGoghandJean-FrancoisMilletbothfoundinspirationfromtheruralpeopleintheBorinage.C.VanGogh’spaintingsintheBorinagemirroredthelifeofworking-classpeople.D.VanGoghruinedmanyofhisworksintheBorinagebecausehisartisticvoicewasunheardthen.答案C解析推理推断题。依据第三段第四句“Forthefirsttimeinhislife，middle-classvanGoghwasfriendswithpoor，working-classpeople.”及最终一句“...ItwasintheBorinagethatIbegantoworkfromnatureforthefirsttime.”推断A错。B选项中的intheBorinage错。依据最终一段得知梵高烧掉自己的画是因为“hefelttheyweretooclumsyorrelatedtoanuncertaintimewhenhewasstilldevelopinghisownstyleandartisticvoice”，故答案选C。题组训练二1话题：蝴蝶的启示难度：★建议用时：6分钟WalkingdownapaththroughsomewoodsinGeorgia，Isawasmallpoolofwateraheadonthepath.Ichangedmydirectiontogoarounditonthepartofthepaththatwasn’tcoveredbywaterormud.AsIreachedthepool，Iwassuddenlyattacked！YetIdidnothingfortheattack.Itwassounpredictableandfromsomewheretotallyunexpected.IwassurprisedaswellasunhurtthoughIhadbeenstruckfourorfivetimes.Ibackedupafootandmyattackerstoppedattackingme.HadIbeenhurt，Iwouldn’thavefounditamusing.AndIwaslaughing.Afterall，Iwasbeingattackedbyabutterfly!Havingstopped，laughing，Itookastepforward.Myattackerrushedmeagain.Hechargedtowardsmeatfullspeed，attemptingtohurtmebutinvain.Forasecondtime，Itookastepbackwardswhilemyattackerpaused.Iwasn’tsurewhattodo.Afterall，it’sjustnoteverydaythatoneisattackedbyabutterfly.Isteppedbacktolookthesituationover.Myattackermovedbacktolandontheground.That’swhenIdiscoveredwhymyattackerwaschargingatmeonlymomentsearlier.Hehadamateandshewasdying.Sittingclosebesideher，heopenedandclosedhiswingsasiftofanher.Icouldonlyadmiretheloveandcourageofthatbutterflyinhisconcernforhismate.Hehadtakenituponhimselftoattackmeforhismate’ssake，eventhoughshewasclearlydyingandIwassolarge.Hedidsojusttogiveherthoseextrafewpreciousmomentsoflife.Hiscourageinattackingsomethingthousandsoftimeslargerandheavierthanhimselfjustforhismate’ssafetyseemedadmirable.Icouldn’tdoanythingotherthanrewardhimbywalkingonthemoredifficultsideofthepool.Hehadtrulyearnedthosemomentstobewithher，undisturbed.Sincethen，I’vealwaystriedtorememberthecourageofthatbutterflywheneverIseehugebarriersfacingme.语篇解读本文为记叙文，讲解并描述作者途经一池塘，遇到一只蝴蝶，为了爱护它的伴侣反复攻击作者，明知自不量力还是坚持，这使作者每当遇到困难就会想起这只蝴蝶的志气。1.Whydidtheauthorchangethedirectionwhilewalkingdownapaththroughsomewoods?A.Hewantedtotakeashortcut.B.Hetriedtofindwherehewantedtogo.C.Hewasattackedunpredictably.D.Hewasblockedbythepathcoveredbywaterandmud.答案D解析细微环节理解题。依据第一段第一句“WalkingdownapaththroughsomewoodsinGeorgia，Isawasmallpoolofwateraheadonthepath.Ichangedmydirectiontogoarounditonthepartofthepaththatwasn’tcoveredbywaterormud.”可知，作者原来走的那条小路有水和泥浆。2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Theauthorintendedtocatchthebutterfly.B.Thebutterflychargedtowardstheauthorforsakeofhismate.C.Thebutterflyamusedtheauthorbyattackinghimwithoutanyinjury.D.Thebutterflywasaggressiveandsincere.答案B解析细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终两句和第三段的内容可知，蝴蝶攻击我是为了他的伴侣。3.Whatdoestheauthorlearnfromthepassage?A.Everytimehewalksbythepool，healwaysthinksofthebutterflyandhismate.B.Hemustlearnattackingcourageofthebutterfly.C.Thecourageandloveofthecouplebutterflyareadmirable.D.Whenheisfacedwithdifficulty，thecourageofthebutterflyoccurstohim.答案D解析细微环节理解题。结合故事和最终一段可知，作者不管什么时候有困难一想起那只蝴蝶，就有战胜困难的志气。2话题：成长经验难度：★★建议用时：7分钟Alittleboyalmostthoughtofhimselfasthemostunfortunatechildintheworldbecausepoliomyelitis(小儿麻痹症)madehisleglameandhisteethunevenandprotrudent.Heseldomplayedwithhisclassmates；andwhentheteacheraskedhimtoanswerquestions，healwaysloweredhisheadwithoutaword.Onespring，theboy’sfatheraskedforsomesaplingsfromtheneighbor.Hewantedtoplanttheminfrontofthehouse.Hetoldhischildrentoplantasaplingeachperson.Thefathersaidtothechildren，“Whoseseedlinggrowsbest，Iwillbuyhimorherafavoritegift.”Theboyalsowantedtogethisfather’sgift.Butseeinghisbrothersandsisterscarryingwatertowaterthetreeshappily，anyhow，hehituponanidea：hehopedthetreeheplantedwoulddiesoon.Soafterwateringitonceortwice，heneverattendedtoit.Afewdayslater，whenthelittleboywenttoseehistreeagain，hewassurprisedtofinditnotonlydidn’twilt，butalsogrewsomefreshleaves，andcomparedwiththetreesofhisbrothersandsisters，hisappearedgreenerandmorevital.Hisfatherkepthispromise，boughtthelittleboyhisfavoritegiftandsaidtohim：fromthetreeheplanted，hewouldbecomeanoutstandingbotanistwhenhegrewup.Sincethen，thelittleboyslowlybecameoptimistic.Oneday，thelittleboylayonthebedbutcouldn’tsleep.Lookingatthebrightmoonlightoutsidethewindow，hesuddenlyrecalledwhatthebiologyteacheroncesaid，plantsgenerallygrowatnight.Whynotgotoseethetree？Whenhecametothecourtyardontiptoe，hefoundhisfatherwassplashingsomethingunderhistreewithaladle(勺子).Allofasudden，heunderstood：hisfatherhadbeensecretlyfertilizinghissmalltree！Hereturnedtohisroom，tearsrunningdownhisfacewithoutrestraint.Decadespassed.Thelittleboydidn’tbecomeabotanist，buthewaselectedPresidentoftheUnitedStates.HisnamewasFranklinRoosevelt.Loveisthebestnourishmentoflife；evenifitisjustoneladlefulofclearwater，itcanmakethetreeoflifethrive.Maybethattreeisinconspicuous；perhapsthatthetreeissothin，andevensomewithered，butaslongasthereisnourishmentoflove，itcanflourishandevengrowintotoweringtrees.语篇解读本文介绍了富兰克林·罗斯福的成长经验。富兰克林小时候曾因为小儿麻痹症而消极悲观，父亲发觉后，让孩子们每人种一棵树以赢得礼物并为他栽种的树苗偷偷地施肥。4.Whydidthefathertellhischildrentoplantasaplingeachperson?A.Tomakethechildrencompetitive.B.Tomaketheboyconfidentandoptimistic.C.Tomaketheboyinterestedinbotany.D.Togivethemostoutstandingchildagift.答案B解析推理推断题。由第五段最终一句“Sincethen，thelittleboyslowlybecameoptimistic.”和下文的内容可知，父亲让孩子们种树事实上是为了让小男孩变得自信乐观。故选项B符合题意。5.FromtheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph4，theauthorwantstoconveythat.A.theboyregardedhimselfasthetreeB.theboyhadlittleconfidencetowinthegiftC.theboywasjealousofhissiblings’healthD.theboytendedtosuicide答案A解析推理推断题。从表面上看男孩希望自己栽的树苗早日死去，这只是因为他很悲观。但从文章最终两段可知，作者想要表达的是男孩把自己看成了那棵树。故选项A符合题意。6.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheKeytoSuccessB.Father’sDeepLoveC.TheBestNourishmentofLifeD.AToweringTree答案C解析标题归纳题。父亲表面上让孩子们每人种一棵树以赢得礼物，却始终在为小男孩栽种的树苗偷偷地施肥，事实上是为了让小男孩变得自信乐观，正是父亲的爱鼓舞了男孩，男孩最终成为美国总统。由此可知，爱是生命最好的养料，所以用TheBestNourishmentofLife是贴切主题的。故选项C符合题意。3话题：求职难度：★★★建议用时：8分钟Astay-at-homemomfor26years，Atlanta-bornKCjustturned50andseeksajob.“I’mnotjustlookingforsomethingtodo，”shesays.“Puttingfourkidsthroughcollegehasleftusinseverefinancialtrouble.Gettingajobisamust！”Growingup，allKCwantedtobewasamom.“That’tall.Justamomwhostayedhomewithmychildrenandcreatedagoodandcomfortablehomeformyfamily.”She’snotsurewhythatambitionwassostrongforher.“Mymomworkedfull-time，soitwasn’tfromwatchingher.MaybebecauseIwishedshewasathomewithme，”KCsays.Leavingherlastjobaftertwoyearsforthebirthofherfirstchild，KCspentthenext26yearstakingcareofherhomeandfamily.TheDuluth，GA，homemakerrecognizesthedifficultyofhercurrentsituation，though.“Whenyousendoutaresumethathasa26-yeargap，youareluckyifyoucanevengetaninterview，letaloneanoffer.”Hereducationallimitationsalsopresentobstacles.“ThefactthatIdidn’tgotocollegeiskillingme.AtthetimethatIgraduatedfromhighschool，itwasn’tcommonforgirlstogotocollege.”That’swhyKC’sadvicetoothersis：“Getthatcollegedegree！Iwouldn’tchangeathingaboutbeingastay-at-homemom，soIwouldneveradviseagainstthat，butdosomething，nomatterhowsmall，tokeepyourskillsuptodate.Therearesomanyoptionstotelecommutethesedaysthatitwouldbeeasytodowhilebeingafull-timemom.”KChasherselflookedintotelecommuting，buthasnotfoundanythingyet.“Ihavefoundtonsofwork-at-homejobs，buttheywantacheckfrommefirst.”KCwouldstillliketogetadegreeandhaslookedintodoingsoanddiscussedtheprospectwithherhusband.“WefeelthatIneedtogetajobfirst，thengotoschoolpart-time.IfIcouldfindadecent-paying(薪资优厚的)part-timejob，Iwouldgobacknow，”shesays.Withacollegedegreeseeminglyunattainableatthemoment，KChasworkedtodevelopherskillssoshe’llbereadyfortheworkforce.“Ihavekeptupwithcurrenttechnology；it’snothardtowithtwoGeorgiaTechgraduatesinmyhouseandtwocur