2025届江西省上饶市高三上学期一模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省上饶市2025届高三上学期一模英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatseasonisitnow?A.Winter. B.Summer. C.Spring.【答案】A【原文】W:Whathappenedtotheweatherreport?Itsaidthiscoldfrontwassupposedtopasstoday,butit’sstillfreezingoutside!M:Yeah.Ican’tstandsuchweather.Iprefersummer.W:Comeon!It’sveryhothereinsummer.Ihopewarmspringcancomesoon.2.WhydidthewomanaskRaytolearntodance?A.Toencouragehimtomakefriends.B.Toimprovehisconfidence.C.Tobuilduphisbody.【答案】C【原文】M:Rayalwaysappearsveryconfidentwhenhedances.W:Yes.Actually,Isenthimtolearntodancemainlytoencouragemorephysicalactivityandimprovehisfitness.Andhemademanyfriendswhilelearningtodance,whichisanunexpectedbenefit.3.Whomightthemanbe?A.Achef. B.Adeliveryman. C.Ashopassistant.【答案】C【原文】W:Hi,couldyougivemeahotblackcoffeeandarawcoconutlatte?Andpleaseaddsomeicetothelatter.M:Okay.Forhereortogo?W:Togo.Here’s10dollars.Keepthechange.4.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Whatpaintingstobuy.B.WhethertogetaTV.C.Whichmovietowatch.【答案】B【原文】M:Idon’tthinkweneedaTV.WecanwatchTVshowsandmoviesonourphones.W:IbelieveaTVisessentialforahome.M:InsteadofbuyingaTV,I’dratherbuyafewpaintingstohangonthewall.5.Howisthemanfeeling?A.Confused. B.Upset. C.Satisfied.【答案】B【原文】W:Hey,what’swrong?Youseemblue.M:Ihadaroughdayatwork.Mybosswasn’tsatisfiedwithmypresentation,andIgotsomenegativefeedback.W:I’msorrytohearaboutyourday.Sometimes,thingsgocontrarytoourwishes.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrow?A.Haveacheck-up. B.Goonabusinesstrip. C.Dosomecleaning.7.Whereisprobablytheman’sIDcard?A.Inthebedroom. B.Inthestudy. C.Inthelivingroom.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Laura,I’vecheckedthelivingroomandthebedroom,butmyIDcardisnowheretobefound.Ineedtouseitfortomorrow’scheck-up.W:Whendidyouuseitlasttime?M:Hmm...Iuseditduringabusinesstriplastmonth.Iputitinmybriefcase.Thebriefcasemustbeinthelivingroom!W:Well,Igaveathoroughcleaningyesterday.Iputyourbriefcaseinthestudy.M:Okay.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Howdidthemangettoknowaboutcavehomes?A.Fromhisfriend. B.Fromajournal. C.FromaTVshow.9.Whatdoesthemansayaboutcavehomes?A.Theyareeasytobuild.B.Theycanexistforcenturies.C.Theyprovideapleasantindoorclimate.10.Whatdothespeakersplantodoatlast?A.TraveltoShaanxiProvince.B.Climbamountaintogether.C.BuyahouseinChina.【答案】8.B9.C10.A【原文】M:Doyouknowthereareatleast30millionpeopleinChinawholiveincavehomes?Thecavehomeisalsocalledyaodong.W:That’samazing!Howdidyoucomeacrosstheinformation?M:Fromascientificjournal.MyfriendAmyrecommendedittome.W:IoncesawcavehomesonaTVshow.Itissaidthattheyhaveexistedforcenturies.M:Yep,especiallyinsomeruralareasofShaanxiProvince.They’rebasicallyhomescarvedintothesidesofmountainsorhills,andtheyarewarminwinterandcoolinsummer.W:Fantastic!Ifindcavehomesinruralareasmoredesirablethanconcretehomesinthecities.M:Yes.PerhapswecanvisitShaanxiProvinceandseethosecavehomesthissummervacation.W:Thatsoundslikeaplan.Ican’twaittoexplorehowthosecavehomesusenaturalresourcessoeffectively.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Howmanykilometershasthewomanrun?A.Around4kilometers. B.Around8kilometers. C.Around10kilometers.12.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning. B.Intheafternoon. C.Intheevening.13.Whatdoesthewomanintendtodonext?A.Keeprunning. B.Drinksomewater. C.Getamembershipcard.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【原文】M:Excuseme,doyouknowhowmanykilometersitistorunaroundtheScienceExhibitionCenter?W:Around4kilometersonelap.M:That’sgoodtoknow.Howmanylapshaveyourun?W:I’vecompleted2laps.IhavetorestforawhilebeforeIgoonrunning.Mygoalistorun10kilometers.M:That’simpressive.Doyouruneverynight?W:No.Todayisanexception.Iusuallyruneverymorning.Sinceitrainedthismorning,Ichangedmyrunningtime.Howaboutyou?M:Iusedtorunatthegymintheafternoon.ButsincemygymmembershipisdeadandI’mnotgoingtorenewit,Idecidedtostartrunningoutdoors.W:Smartmove.Well,I’mgoingtomoveon.Seeyoulater!M:I’mgoingtograbsomewater.Catchyoulater!听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatisEmilydoingatfirst?A.Enjoyingsomesnacks.B.Lookingforalternativeroutes.C.PraisingJohnforhispreparations.15.Whichsongwillthespeakersbegintheirjourneywith?A.Route66. B.BorntoRun. C.SweetHomeAlabama.16.Whatwillthespeakers’secondstopbe?A.GrandCanyon. B.GoldenGateBridge. C.YellowstoneNationalPark.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【原文】M:Emily,readyforourroadtripadventure?W:Absolutely!Yourplanningskillsareimpressive,John.Thesnackslookdelicious.Andthismapwithallthedotsislikeatreasuremap!M:Thanks,Ijustwanttomakesurewehitallthemust-seespots.We’vegottheGoldenGateBridge,theGrandCanyon,andsomuchmoreaheadofus.W:Ican’twait!So,whatsongshouldweplayfirst?M:Goodquestion!Anysuggestions?W:Howaboutsomethingupbeattostart?BorntoRunbyBruceSpringsteenalwaysgetsmeintheroadtripmood.That’saclassicchoice.Alternatively,wecouldgoforRoute66orSweetHomeAlabama.M:Greatpicks!Let’sstartwithBorntoRunasweleaveLosAngeles.Getreadyforanunforgettableride!W:Firststop,theGoldenGateBridge,right?Thenwe’reofftotheGrandCanyon.Oh,andIcan’twaittoseetheOldFaithfulintheYellowstoneNationalPark!M:Yeah.It’sgoingtobeincredible.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.WhatdidLaura’sfathermanagetodohimself?A.Paybackhisdad$1,000plusinterest.B.WatchaWorldSeriesgamelive.C.Growawatermelon.18.WhichtaskonthebucketlistdidLauracompletealone?A.TravellingaroundEuropefortwoweeks.B.Puttingonashowinarestaurant.C.Talkingwiththepresident.19.WhatdidLaura’sfatherdoforaliving?A.Hesangsongs. B.Hewrotebooks. C.Hesoldgoods.20.WhatdoesLauraadvisepeopletodoatlast?A.Livemorepurposefully.B.Spendmoretimewiththeirfamilies.C.Trytogivethemselvessometimetobealone.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【原文】M:In2016,13yearsafterLauraCarney’sfather’sdeath,shespottedherlatefather’sbucketlist.Lauralookedatit,andthensheglancedupatherhusband.“Ineedtofinishit,”shesaid.Thelisthad60tasks,fiveofwhichhadalreadybeencheckedoff,including“doacomedymonologueinarestaurant”and“seeaWorldSeriesgamelive”.Onewasmarked“failed”—“paybackmydad$1,000plusinterest”.Thatleft54itemsforLauratocomplete.Theitemsrangedfromrelativelysimpletasks,like“swimthewidthofariver”and“growawatermelon”tomorecomplicatedtasks,like“talkwiththepresident”.Still,Laurawasdetermined.ShelearnedthattheformerPresidentJimmyCartertaughtSundayschoolinGeorgia.Sheandherhusbandflewtheretomeethim.Lauracompletedmanytasksonthebucketlistbyherself,includingatwo-weektriptoEurope.“Ididn’tfeellikeIwasdoingthingsalone,becauseIknewmydadwaswithme.Mydadwassuchadreamer.Hespenthisdaysworkingasasalesmanandhissparetimesinging,writingandperforming,”Laurasaid.“Ireallyencourageeverybodytowriteabucketlist.Ithelpsyoustartlivingmoreintentionally.Whenyoulivewithpurpose,you’remorelikelytofindyourdirectioninlife.Anddon’tbeafraidofleavingsomeoftheitemsonyourlistunfinished.”第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARenownedArtworksfromAroundtheGlobeLeonardodaVinci’s“MonaLisa”,acaptivatingportraitofawomanwithamysterioussmile,islocatedintheLouvreMuseum.Itwelcomesthepublicfrom9:00amto6:00pm,Tuesdaysexcluded.Duringpeaktouristtimes,expectextremelylongqueues.Whilenon-flashphotographyisokay,anyactthatmightdamageordisruptthepaintingisstrictlyoff-limits.VincentvanGogh’s“TheStarryNight”,showcasinghisdistinctpost-impressioniststylewithitsswirlingskiesandcharmingsmallvillagebelow,isondisplayattheMuseumofModernArt.Themuseumoperatesfrom10:30amto5:30pmandisclosedonWednesdays.Viewersmustmaintainaproperdistanceandnotouching.Selfie(自拍)sticksandtripodsareprohibitedtoavoidaccidents.EdvardMunch’s“TheScream”,aniconicexpressionistcreationwithadistortedfigureandvividcolorsexpressinganxiety,ispartoftheNationalGalleryinOslo.Thegalleryisopen10:00amto6:00pm,closedMondays.Intheroomof“TheScream”,photographyisforbiddentopreventanydamage.Michelangelo’s“David”,amarblemasterpieceandaprimeexampleoftheRenaissanceera,residesintheGalleriadell’AccademiainFlorence.Openfrom8:15amto6:50pm,TuesdaystoSundays.Givenitsfragilityandheavyfootfall,thecrowdflowiscarefullymanaged.Visitorsmuststicktonon-flashphotographyandnotattemptanydamageorclimbing.21.WherecanyouseeVincentvanGogh’s“TheStarryNight”?A.TheLouvreMuseum. B.TheMuseumofModernArt.C.TheNationalGallery. D.TheGalleriadell’Accademia.22.Whichofthefollowingartworksisforbiddentobephotographed?A.MonaLisa B.TheStarryNight C.TheScream D.David23.Whatisthecommonruleforvisitingtheseartworks?A.Novisitingduringpeaktimes. B.NoenteringonMondays.C.Nousingflashphotography. D.Notouchingordamaging.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章列举了四件世界著名艺术品及其展览地点和参观须知。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“VincentvanGogh’s“TheStarryNight”,showcasinghisdistinctpost-impressioniststylewithitsswirlingskiesandcharmingsmallvillagebelow,isondisplayattheMuseumofModernArt.(文森特・梵高的《星空》在现代艺术博物馆展出，这幅作品以其旋转的星空和下方迷人的小村庄展现了他独特的后印象派风格)”可知，《星空》展出于现代艺术博物馆(TheMuseumofModernArt)。故选B。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Intheroomof“TheScream”,photographyisforbiddentopreventanydamage.(在《呐喊》展出的房间里，禁止拍照，以防止任何损坏)”可知，《呐喊》的展览区域禁止拍照，而其他艺术品允许摄影或非闪光灯摄影。故选C。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Whilenon-flashphotographyisokay,anyactthatmightdamageordisruptthepaintingisstrictlyoff-limits.(虽然非闪光摄影是可以的，但任何可能损坏或破坏画作的行为都是严格禁止的)”，第二段的“Viewersmustmaintainaproperdistanceandnotouching.(观众必须保持适当的距离，不得触碰)”，第三段的“Intheroomof“TheScream”,photographyisforbiddentopreventanydamage.(在《呐喊》展出的房间里，禁止拍照，以防止任何损坏)”以及第四段的“Visitorsmuststicktonon-flashphotographyandnotattemptanydamageorclimbing.(游客必须坚持非闪光摄影，不要试图造成任何伤害或攀爬)”可知，所有艺术品的参观规则都强调禁止触碰或损坏。故选D。BHuman’spursuitofbeautybeginsatanearlyage.Thefactisperfectlytrueforyoungladies.WhenScarlettandherclassmateswereinfifthgrade,theystartedtoworryaboutgettingwrinkles.Bythetimesheturned14,ScarlettandherfriendswerespendinghoursonTikTokandYouTubewatchingpeopletalkaboutproductstomaketheirskinlooknice:awet,shiny,perfectskin.Scarlettmadeabigskincareroutinewithfacewash,sprays,hydratingcoversandcreams.Onenight,Scarlett’sskinbegantoburnintenselyandgotbubbles.Usingtoomuchstrongstuffforgrown-upsmadeherskinverybad.Scarlett’sexperienceiscommonnow,expertssay,asyounggirlsgotobeautystorestobuyfancyskincareproducts,atrendseeninpopularvideoswiththehashtag#SephoraKids.Thingslikeretinolandchemicalscrubslikehydroxyacidsareverystrong.Youngorsensitiveskincangetred,peelandburnthatcancauseinfections,spotsandtoomuchsensitivityifnotusedright,skindoctorssay.“Thefocusonskincareismorethanjustwantingperfectskin.It’saboutfeelingacceptedandbelongingtoacommunitythathasthelifestyleandlookyouwant,”says14-year-oldMiaHall.Morethantheharmtothebody,parentsandchildpsychologistsworryabouthowthistrendcanaffectgirls’feelingsandthoughtsforalongtime.Alotofinformationshowsthatbeingtoofocusedonlookscanhurthowyoufeelaboutyourselfandyourbodyandcancauseworry,sadnessandeatingproblems.Theamountofdetailandinformationgirlsgetfrombeautylessonssendsabadmessageatatimewhentheyaregrowingupandfindingoutwhotheyare,saysCharlotteMarkey,abodyimageexpertandateacheratRutgersUniversity.24.WhatwasScarlett’sconcernwhenshewasinfifthgrade?A.Gettingwrinkles. B.Herskinnotbeingshiny.C.Herskin’shydration. D.Beingrejectedbyherfriends.25.WhathappenedtoScarlett’sskinafterusingadult-strengthproducts?A.Herskinbecameflawless. B.Herskinturnedredandpeel.C.Herskinbecameverysmooth. D.Herskinstartedtoburnandblister.26.Whyaresomeskincareproductsharmfulforyoungorsensitiveskin?A.Theyaretooexpensive. B.Theyarenotsoldinbeautystores.C.Theyaredesignedforolderpeople. D.Theycancauseredness,peeling,andburning.27.Whatisthepossibleresultoftoomuchfocusonskincare?A.Itimprovesunderstandingofproperskincareroutines.B.Itcanleadtoanxiety,depression,andeatingdisorders.C.Ithelpstobuildbetterself-esteemandconfidence.D.Itencourageshealthyrelationshipswithpeers.【答案】24.A25.D26.D27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章通过几个女孩的事例阐述了年轻女孩过早追求美容护肤的趋势及其潜在危害。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenScarlettandherclassmateswereinfifthgrade,theystartedtoworryaboutgettingwrinkles.(当Scarlett和她的同学们上五年级时，他们开始担心长皱纹。)”可知，Scarlett在五年级时担心的是长皱纹，故选A。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onenight,Scarlett’sskinbegantoburnintenselyandgotbubbles.Usingtoomuchstrongstuffforgrown-upsmadeherskinverybad.(一天晚上，思嘉的皮肤开始剧烈地灼烧起来，冒出了泡泡。用了太多成人专用的强力物品，使她的皮肤非常糟糕。)”可知，用了成人护肤产品后，Scarlett的皮肤开始灼烧起水泡。故选D。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thingslikeretinolandchemicalscrubslikehydroxyacidsareverystrong.Youngorsensitiveskincangetred,peelandburnthatcancauseinfections,spotsandtoomuchsensitivityifnotusedright,skindoctorssay.(像视黄醇和像果酸这样的化学擦剂是非常强的。皮肤医生说，如果使用不当，年轻或敏感的皮肤会变红、脱皮和灼伤，从而导致感染、斑点和过度敏感。)”可知，有些护肤品对年轻或敏感皮肤有害是因为它们会导致发红、脱皮和灼烧。故选D。【27题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Alotofinformationshowsthatbeingtoofocusedonlookscanhurthowyoufeelaboutyourselfandyourbodyandcancauseworry,sadnessandeatingproblems.(很多信息表明，过于关注外表会损害你对自己和身体的感觉，还会引发担忧、悲伤和饮食问题。)”可知，过分关注皮肤护理可能会导致的后果是导致焦虑、抑郁和饮食失调。故选B。CThesedays,we’reallwellawareoftheplasticproblemtheworld’sfacing.We’reremindedofthisissueallthetime,whetherthat’sbybeingencouragedtorecycle,orbyhavingtopayfordisposablecarrierbags.Althoughweallrealizewhataseriousissueplasticpollutionis,it’sdifferentwhenyouactuallyseetheoverwhelmingresultsofitforyourself.Thiswasthesituationateamofresearcherswhorecentlypublishedastudyontheso-calledGreatPacificGarbagePatch(垃圾带)inthejournalScientificReportsfoundthemselvesin.Accordingtothestudy,thepatch,whichislocatedoffthecoastofCalifornia,US,ismadeupof79,000tonsofplasticwasteandcovers1.6millionsquarekilometers.It’soverfourtimesthesizeofJapan,oralmost100timesthesizeofBeijing.“I’vebeendoingthisresearchforawhile,butitwasdepressingtosee[thepatchinperson],”LaurentLebreton,leadauthorofthestudy,toldtheGuardian.“Therewerethingsyoujustwonderedhowtheymadeitintotheocean.There’sclearlyanincreasinginfluxofplasticintothegarbagepatch.”It’sbelievedthat8milliontonsofplasticendsupintheseaeachyear,andalotofitendsupcollectingnearlargooceancurrentsaroundtheworld,forming“islands”ofplastic.Thiscausesproblemsnotonlyforsoncreaturesbutalsoforhumans.Theswirlingoceancurrentseventuallybreakdownsomeoftheplastic,withalotofitendingupinthedigestivesystemsoffishandbirds.Asaresult,it’sbelievedthatplastichasworkeditswayupthefoodchaindirectlyontoourplates—nottomentionthecountlesscreaturesthatchokeonplasticwaste,orarepoisonedbythechemicalsinit.Sowhatcanwedoaboutthis?LebretonisamemberoftheOceanCleanupFoundation,agroupthat’sdevelopedtechnologytocollectplasticwastefromtheocean.Thisisahugeproject,withthegroupclaimingitwilltakearoundfiveyearsjusttocleanuphalfoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchalone.Butratherthandiscouragepeoplefromusingplasticaltogether,Lebretonbelievesthatweshouldsimplybemoremindfulofhowweuseit.“Inmyopinion,plasticisveryuseful.ButIthinkwemustdivert(转移)thewayweuseplastic,particularlyintermsofsingle-useplasticandthoseobjectsthathaveaveryshortservicelifespan,”hetoldBBCNews.28.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch. B.Astudyonplasticpollution.C.Lebretonandhisresearch. D.Cleaningoceanofplastic.29.Accordingtothetext,theGreatPacificGarbagePatch________.A.isaboutfourtimesthesizeofBeijing.B.isharmfultobothseacreaturesandhumans.C.consistsofabout1.6milliontonsofplasticwaste.D.wasformedbecauseofswirlingoceancurrents.30.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peopleshouldbemorecarefulwiththeiruseofplasticproducts.B.Single-useplasticshouldbebannedforthesakeoftheenvironment.C.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatchwillbecleanedupinaboutfiveyears.D.Plasticproductswithshortservicelifespansshouldbereplaced.31.Whatisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Abusinessreport B.Atextbook C.Amagazine D.Sciencefiction【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了太平洋垃圾带的情况，包括其规模、对生态的影响以及应对措施。【28题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Thesedays,we’reallwellawareoftheplasticproblemtheworld’sfacing.We’reremindedofthisissueallthetime,whetherthat’sbybeingencouragedtorecycle,orbyhavingtopayfordisposablecarrierbags.(如今，我们都很清楚世界正面临的塑料问题。我们时刻被这个问题提醒着，无论是被鼓励回收，还是不得不为一次性购物袋付费)”、第二段中“Accordingtothestudy,thepatch,whichislocatedoffthecoastofCalifornia,US,ismadeupof79,000tonsofplasticwasteandcovers1.6millionsquarekilometers.It’soverfourtimesthesizeofJapan,oralmost100timesthesizeofBeijing.(根据这项研究，这个位于美国加利福尼亚州沿岸的垃圾带由7.9万吨塑料垃圾组成，覆盖面积为160万平方千米。它的面积是日本的四倍多，几乎是北京的100倍)”、第四段中“Thiscausesproblemsnotonlyforsoncreaturesbutalsoforhumans.Theswirlingoceancurrentseventuallybreakdownsomeoftheplastic,withalotofitendingupinthedigestivesystemsoffishandbirds.(这不仅给海洋生物带来问题，也给人类带来问题。旋转的洋流最终会分解部分塑料，其中很多最终进入鱼类和鸟类的消化系统)”以及最后一段中“Thisisahugeproject,withthegroupclaimingitwilltakearoundfiveyearsjusttocleanuphalfoftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchalone.(该组织研发了一种从海洋中收集塑料垃圾的技术。这是一个庞大的项目，该组织声称仅清理太平洋垃圾带的一半就需要大约五年的时间)”可知，文章通过描述塑料污染对海洋所造成的严重性和影响，提出了解决方案。选项D“清理海洋塑料”准确地概括了文章的核心内容，即海洋塑料污染问题及其可能的解决方案——清理海洋塑料。故选D。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Thiscausesproblemsnotonlyforseacreaturesbutalsoforhumans.Theswirlingoceancurrentseventuallybreakdownsomeoftheplastic,withalotofitendingupinthedigestivesystemsoffishandbirds.(这不仅给海洋生物带来了问题，也给人类带来了问题。旋转的洋流最终会分解一些塑料，其中很多塑料最终会进入鱼类和鸟类的消化系统)”可知，太平洋垃圾带对海洋生物和人类都有害。故选B。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Butratherthandiscouragepeoplefromusingplasticaltogether,Lebretonbelievesthatweshouldsimplybemoremindfulofhowweuseit.(但勒布伦并不主张人们完全放弃使用塑料，他认为我们应该更加注意自己使用塑料的方式)”可知，我们应该更加注意自己使用塑料制品的方式，即人们应该更加小心地使用塑料制品。故选A。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Accordingtothestudy,thepatch,whichislocatedoffthecoastofCalifornia,US,ismadeupof79,000tonsofplasticwasteandcovers1.6millionsquarekilometers.(据这项研究称，这块漂浮物位于美国加利福尼亚州海岸附近，由79000吨塑料垃圾组成，面积160万平方公里)以及文章其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了关于太平洋垃圾带的研究，介绍了其组成、危害以及解决办法等，属于一篇科普类文章，由此推知，文章来源于杂志。故选C。DLanguagegraduallyshiftsovertime.Muchresearchexamineshowsocialandenvironmentalfactorsinfluencelanguagechange,butverylittledealswiththeforcesofhumancognitive(认知的)selectionthatfixcertainwordsintothevocabulary.Foranextensivenewstudy,publishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,scientistsinvestigatedjustthat.Inanexperiment,thousandsofparticipantsreadEnglish-languagestoriesandrewrotethemtobereadbyotherparticipants,whothenrewrotethemforothers.Onlycertainwordsfromthefirststoriessurvivedinthefinalversions.Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored,theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.ThescientistsalsoanalyzedtwolargecollectionsofEnglishhistoricaltextsfromthepasttwocenturies,containingmorethan40billionwords—againseeingonlycertaintypessurvive.Theresultscombinedtoshowthreepropertiesthatgivewordsan“evolutionaryadvantage”(演变优势)byhelpingthemstickinthebrain:First,wordstypicallyacquiredatanearlyage(suchas“hand,”“uncle”or“today”)arestabler.Next,concretewordsstaybetterthanabstractones:“dog”persistslongerthan“animal,”whichpersistslongerthan“organism.”Lastly,emotionallyexcitingwords—whethernegativeorpositive—tendtolast.Indianacognitivescientistandstudyco-authorFritzBreithauptsaysthenewstudysupportsamorerecenttheorythatlanguageultimatelygetsmoreefficientandeasiertounderstand.Still,“theEnglishlanguageisnotbabytalk.”Breithauptexplains,“Yes,weshifttowardsimplelanguage,butthenwealsograbcomplexlanguagethatweneed.”Newwordsthataddressthecomplexityofmodernlifemaysomewhatcounterthisshift.Theproposedtrendtoward“simpler”languageiscontroversial.ColumbiaUniversitylinguistJohnMcWhorterquestions,however,theoverallefficiencyofEnglish—alanguagehesayscontainsthingslike“needlesslycomplex”grammaticaluses.“ThereareaboutfivewaystoindicatethefutureinEnglish,”hesays.“Ipityanybodywhodoesn’tgrowupwithitnatively”andwantstolearnit.StudyleadauthorYingLi,aChinesepsychologist,notesthatEnglishhadevenmorecomplicatedgrammarinthepast.McWhorter,Lisupposes,“wouldcomplainmoreifhetraveledback800yearsago.”32.Whatcontributestolanguagechangeaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Ashifttowardssimplewords.B.Theanalysisofhistoricaltexts.C.Apreferenceforcertainwords.D.Theexplorationofsocialfactors.33.Whichofthefollowingwordshasthegreatest“evolutionaryadvantage”?A.Feeling. B.Smile. C.Independence. D.Life.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counter”meaninparagraph4?A.Relyon. B.Adaptto. C.Speedup. D.Balanceout.35.WhatcanweinferaboutMcWhorterinthelastparagraph?A.HewouldlikelycriticizeEnglishgrammarmoreinthepast.B.HewouldprobablydoubtthenecessityoftheEnglishfuturetense.C.HebelievesmodernEnglishgrammarimproveslanguageefficiency.D.HethinksnativeEnglishspeakersfindEnglishgrammarchallenging.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了语言随时间变化的认知选择因素。研究表明，早期习得、具体性及情感关联是词汇存留的关键因素。尽管语言演化趋于简单高效，复杂语言仍用于应对现代生活需求，同时引发了关于英语语法复杂性的讨论与反思。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Muchresearchexamineshowsocialandenvironmentalfactorsinfluencelanguagechange,butverylittledealswiththeforcesofhumancognitiveselectionthatfixcertainwordsintothevocabulary.(许多研究探讨了社会和环境因素是如何影响语言变化的，但很少涉及人类认知选择的力量，这种力量将某些单词固定在词汇表中。)”以及第二段中的“Researchersanalyzedthewordtypesspeakersconsistentlyfavored,theorizingthatsuchpreferencesdrivelanguagechangeovertime.(研究人员分析了说话者一直喜欢的词汇类型，并提出了这样的偏好会导致语言随着时间的推移而变化的理论。)”可知，根据这项新研究，对某些词的偏爱导致了语言的变化。故选C。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theresultscombinedtoshowthreepropertiesthatgivewordsan“evolutionaryadvantage”byhelpingthemstickinthebrain:First,wordstypicallyacquiredatanearlyage(suchas“hand,”“uncle”or“today”)arestabler.Next,concretewordsstaybetterthanabstractones:“dog”persistslongerthan“animal,”whichpersistslongerthan“organism.”Lastly,emotionallyexcitingwords—whethernegativeorpositive—tendtolast.(综合这些结果，我们发现了三个特性，这些特性通过帮助单词在大脑中留下深刻印象，从而赋予单词“进化优势”：首先，通常在早年习得的单词（如“手”、“叔叔”或“今天”）更加稳定。其次，具体单词比抽象单词更容易被记住：“狗”这个词比“动物”这个词记忆得更长久，而“动物”又比“生物体”记忆得更长久。最后，无论是负面的还是正面的，情绪上令人激动的单词往往更加持久。)”可知，语言的“进化优势”包括三个特性：早期习得性、具体性以及情感激励性。选项中“Smile(微笑)”具备早期习得、具体性和情感关联，因此比“feeling(情感的总称，偏抽象)”、“independence(学得的抽象词汇)”和“life(抽象词汇)”更具优势。故选B。【34题详析】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Still,“theEnglishlanguageisnotbabytalk.”Breithauptexplains,“Yes,weshifttowardsimplelanguage,butthenwealsograbcomplexlanguagethatweneed.”(尽管如此，“英语并不是婴儿的语言。”Breithaupt解释说，“是的，我们确实会转向简单的语言，但同时我们也会使用我们需要的复杂语言。”)”和“Newwordsthataddressthecomplexityofmodernlife(描述现代生活复杂性的新词)”可知，划线词所在句子表示“描述现代生活复杂性的新词可能会在某种程度上抵消这种转变”，“counter”意为“抵消、平衡”，和Balanceout意思相近。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ColumbiaUniversitylinguistJohnMcWhorterquestions,however,theoverallefficiencyofEnglish—alanguagehesayscontainsthingslike“needlesslycomplex”grammaticaluses.(然而，哥伦比亚大学的语言学家JohnMcWhorter对英语的整体效率提出了质疑，他说英语包含了一些“不必要的复杂”语法用法。)”可知，在过去，他可能会更多地批评英语语法。故选A。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ArtificialIntelligence(AI)isbecomingincreasinglypopularinchildren’slives,fromvoice-activatedassistantslikeAlexatoAI-poweredhomeworkhelptools.___36___TohelpchildrenbalancethebenefitsofAIwithoutnurturingdependency,herearesomepracticalstrategies:FrameAIasasupportivepartner,notasolution.___37___Ifthey’reworkingonanassignment,askthemtofirstattemptitindependently.Oncethey’vedonetheirbest,theycanuseAItochecktheirworkorgetadditionalinsights.Thisway,theyseeAIasanaidinrefiningtheirideasratherthanasareplacementfortheireffort.___38___Mindfultechnologyuseinvolvescuriosityaboutwhereinformationcomesfrom.Encourageyourchildtoaskquestionslike,“Howdidthisanswercometome?”or“Isthisinformationproven?”ThisnotonlybuildscriticalthinkingbutalsoteachesthemtoassessAI-generatedcontentwithahealthylevelofskepticism.Encouragecreativityoverconvenience.Whenkidsareworkingoncreativeprojects,suchaswritingorartwork,suggesttheyuseAIasabrainstormingtool.___39___However,theyneedtoshapethoseideasintheiruniquestyle.ThisapproachhelpsthemseeAIasaspringboardfortheircreativity,notasubstitutefortheirownideas.Setboundaries