2024-2025学年浙江省嘉兴市高二上学期期末测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省嘉兴市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末测试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A1956:DartmouthworkshopOfficiallyknownastheDartmouthSummerResearchProjectonArtificialIntelligence,thisconferenceheldatDartmouthCollegeiswidelyconsideredtobethebirthplaceofAIasafield.Asmallteamofscientistscoinedthetermartificialintelligencefortheeventandsetthecourseforfuturethinkingandresearchonthetechnology.1997:DeepBlueIBM’sDeepBluebecamethefirstcomputersystemtodefeataworldchesschampioninastandardtournamentmatch.DeepBlue'sunderlyingtechnologyadvancedtheabilityofsupercomputerstotacklecomplexcalculations(运算).2019:GPT-2WhilemanymajortechcompaniesareinvolvedinthedevelopmentofAI,itwasthepublicationofthen-little-knownOpenAI’sGenerativePre-trainedTransformer2thatshowedthepowerofnaturallanguageprocessing.Abletoworkoutthenextiteminasequence,itcouldperformtaskssuchassummarizingandtranslatingtext.2022:ChatGPTThechatbotChatGPT,releasedinlate2022,wasbuiltonalargelanguagemodel—andintroducedgenerativeAIpropertothewiderworld.Itsreleasesparkedanewphaseofrapiddevelopment,andgenerativeAIquicklybegantotransformeveryaspectofbusinessandourlives.What’snextforAI?ExpertssayweshouldexpectinteractiveAIthatcaninstructothersoftwaretocarryouttasksforyou,AImakingnewscientificdiscoveries,andmodelsthatunderstandthephysicalworld,remember,reasonandplan.21.WhywastheDartmouthworkshopimportant?A.ItsetthepathforfuturestudiesonAI. B.ItledtoAI’svictoryoverhumanbeings.C.ItsolvedthechallengesindevelopingAI. D.ItshowedtheworldthefirstAIprogram.22.WhendidAIfirstdefeataworldchesschampion?A.In1956. B.In1997. C.In2019. D.In2022.23.WhatdotheexpertssayaboutAIinthefuture?A.Itfocusesonnaturallanguageprocessing. B.Itcanpromotebreakthroughsinmanyfields.C.Itwillreplacehumanbeingsinproblemsolving. D.Itdependsonthedevelopmentofothersoftware.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了AI的发展史。【21题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“OfficiallyknownastheDartmouthSummerResearchProjectonArtificialIntelligence,thisconferenceheldatDartmouthCollegeiswidelyconsideredtobethebirthplaceofAIasafield. Asmallteamofscientistscoinedthetermartificialintelligencefortheeventandsetthecourseforfuturethinkingandresearchonthetechnology.(在达特茅斯学院举行的这次会议正式被称为达特茅斯夏季研究项目，被广泛认为是AI的发源地。一小群科学家为这一事件创造了“人工智能”一词，并为未来的技术思考和研究设定了方向)”可知，达特茅斯研讨会被认为是AI的发源地，且在会议上提出了“人工智能”一词，这为未来的技术思考和研究设定了方向，由此可推知，达特茅斯研讨会很重要的原因是它为未来的AI研究指明了道路。故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据1997:DeepBlue部分中的“IBM’sDeepBluebecamethefirstcomputersystemtodefeataworldchesschampioninastandardtournamentmatch.(IBM’sDeepBlue成为第一个在标准锦标赛中击败世界象棋冠军的计算机系统)”可知，AI于1997年首次击败世界国际象棋冠军，故选B。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“ExpertssayweshouldexpectinteractiveAIthatcaninstructothersoftwaretocarryouttasksforyou,AImakingnewscientificdiscoveries,andmodelsthatunderstandthephysicalworld,remember,reasonandplan.(专家表示，我们应该期待能够与其他软件互动以执行任务的AI，能够进行新科学发现的AI，以及能够理解物理世界、记忆推理和规划的模型)”可知，专家表示，未来AI能够理解物理世界、记忆推理和规划的模型，这说明未来AI可以促进许多领域的突破。故选B。BMcGriffwasinhersecondyearofuniversitywhenshereadHalftheSky,whichexaminestheunfairtreatmentofwomenindevelopingcountries.Shewasshockedtolearnthat129milliongirlsworldwidedonothaveaccesstoschool.“Inmuchoftheworld,womenandgirlsareresponsibleforhouseholdduties,”saidMcGriff,“It’sseenthatgirlswon’teverbeputtingtheireducationtouse.”Additionally,manypoorfamiliescan’taffordgirls’tuitionfees,schoolsuppliesanduniforms(校服).Yet,studieshaveshownthatprovidingfreeuniformscanreducedropoutratesby16%andabsenteeismbymorethan35%.ThissimplesolutiontookrootinMcGriff’smindandstartedherjourneyhelpinggirlstransformtheirlives.Asshetookanentrepreneurship(创业)class,shewastaskedwithcreatingabusinessornonprofitforaclassproject,whichremindedheroftheideaoftheschooluniform.Soonshedevelopedanidea.Afterconductingfieldresearch,McGriffreturnedhome,presentedhereducationprojectatentrepreneurshipcompetitionsandwon$35,000instartupfund.Eventuallysheestablishedhernonprofit,StyleHerEmpowered(SHE),tobringhervisiontolife.Thatfirstyear,thegrouphiredlocaltailorsandprovideduniformsandschoolfeesfor65girls.Buttheysoonranintoaproblem—thestudentswereoutgrowingquickly.Toaddressthis,McGriff’steam,togetherwithlocaltailorsandstudents,designedaninnovative“growinguniform”whichcouldbeadjustedtofitagirlforuptothreeyears,accommodatingsixdifferentsizes.Today,SHEservesgirlsin20ruralvillagesinsouthernTogo,providing1,500girlsayearwithfreeuniforms,schoolfees,supplies,tutoring,andmuchmore.Onceenrolled,studentsreceiveweeklytutoring.Asaresult,SHE’sstudentsconsistentlypasstheirexamsathigherratesthanthenationalaverage.“Ourstudentshaveincreasedtheirperformanceinschooldramatically,”McGriffsaid.“Ifgiventheopportunity,theyshine.”24.Whatcontributestogirls’highdropoutratesaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Financialdifficulty. B.Familyconflict.C.Academicperformance. D.Schoolarrangement.25.WhendidMcGriffstarthernonprofitorganization?A.Aftersheanalyzedthedataofstudies. B.Whenshelearnedaboutgirls’dropoutrates.C.Whenshewonentrepreneurshipcompetitions. D.Aftershereadabookongirls’unfairtreatment.26.HowdidSHEsettletheissueofuniformsforgirls?A.Byhiringfamouslocaltailors. B.Bycreatingadjustableuniforms.C.Byprovidinguniformsofvarioussizes. D.Byincreasingtheschooluniformbudget.27.WhydoesthewritermentiontheschoolperformanceofSHE’sstudents?A.Tohighlighttheirhardwork. B.TosuggestthepopularityofSHE.C.Toindicatetheirfurtherdevelopment. D.ToshowtheeffectivenessofSHE’spractice.【答案】24.A25.C26.B27.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了McGriff受《半边天》这本书启发，看到女孩受教育难的现状，通过创业比赛获得资金成立非营利组织SHE，为女孩提供免费校服等帮助，还解决了校服适配问题。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Additionally,manypoorfamiliescan’taffordgirls’tuitionfees,schoolsuppliesanduniforms(校服).(此外，许多贫困家庭负担不起女孩的学费、学习用品和校服)”可知，经济困难导致很多家庭负担不起女孩上学的费用，这是导致女孩高辍学率的原因。故选A项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Afterconductingfieldresearch,McGriffreturnedhome,presentedhereducationprojectatentrepreneurshipcompetitionsandwon$35,000instartupfund.Eventuallysheestablishedhernonprofit,StyleHerEmpowered(SHE),tobringhervisiontolife.(在进行了实地研究后，McGriff回到家乡，在创业比赛中展示了她的教育项目，并赢得了3.5万美元的启动资金。最终，她成立了非营利组织StyleHerEmpowered(SHE)，将她的愿景变为现实)”可知，McGriff是在赢得创业比赛后成立了她的非营利组织。故选C项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Toaddressthis,McGriff’steam,togetherwithlocaltailorsandstudents,designedaninnovative“growinguniform”whichcouldbeadjustedtofitagirlforuptothreeyears,accommodatingsixdifferentsizes.(为了解决这个问题，McGriff的团队与当地裁缝和学生一起，设计了一种创新的“成长校服”，这种校服可以调整尺寸，让一个女孩穿长达三年，适合六种不同的尺码)”可知，SHE通过设计可调节的校服解决了女孩校服的问题。故选B项。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Asaresult,SHE’sstudentsconsistentlypasstheirexamsathigherratesthanthenationalaverage.“Ourstudentshaveincreasedtheirperformanceinschooldramatically,”McGriffsaid.“Ifgiventheopportunity,theyshine.”(结果，SHE的学生考试通过率一直高于全国平均水平。McGriff说：“我们的学生在学校的表现有了显著提高。如果给他们机会，他们会大放异彩。”)”可推知，作者提到SHE学生的学业表现，是为了展示SHE的做法是有效的。故选D项。CInanagewhenonlinemisinformationisseeminglyeverywhereandobjectivefactsarefrequentlyquestioned,somepsychologistshavepresentedasolution:Exposeyoungchildrentomoremisinformationonline—notless.Doingsoinlimitedcircumstances,andwithcarefuloversightandeducation,canhelpchildrengainthetoolsthey’llneedtotellfactfromfalsehoodonline,saidEvanOrticio,aPh.D.studentinUCBerkeley’sDepartmentofPsychology.“Childrenarebornwithskepticismc(质疑)andtheycanadapttheirlevelofskepticismaccordingtothequalityofinformationthey’veseenbeforeinadigitalcontext,”Orticiosaid.“Theycanusetheirexpectationsofhowthisdigitalenvironmentworkstomakereasonableadjustmentstohowmuchtheytrustordistrustinformation.”MinorsencounterhealthmisinformationwithinminutesofcreatingaTikTokaccount.EvenplatformsintendedforyoungaudienceslikeYouTubeKidshavebecomespacesformisinformation.That’saparticularproblembecauseparentsmayhavetheimpressionthatthesearesafeplacestheirkidscanexplore.Thatmaygiveafalsesenseofsecurityandallowfalsehoodsandproblematiccontenttogouncheckedandbetakenastrueandacceptable.Soencounteringmisinformationwhenchildrensurfonlineisunavoidable.Ifchildrenhavesomeexperienceworkingincontrolledbutimperfectenvironmentswheretheyareconstantlyencounteringthingsthataren’tquiteright,andweshowthemtheprocessforfiguringoutwhatisactuallytrueandnot,thatwillsetthemupwiththeexpectationtobemorecritical.Orticiosaid,“Ratherthantryingtosanitizetheironlineenvironments,parentsshouldhavediscussionswiththeirchildrenabouthowtocheckclaimsandtalkaboutwhatthey’reseeing.”It’snotthatweneedtoenhancetheirskepticism.It’sthatweneedtogivethemtheabilitytousethatskepticismtotheiradvantage.28.Whyshouldchildrenbeexposedtomoremisinformationonline?A.Tomaintaintheirlevelofskepticism. B.Tohelpthemadjusttomisinformation.C.Toequipthemwithfact-checkingskills. D.Tolowertheirexpectationsofinformation.29.Whatmistakedoparentsprobablymakeaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Gatheringfalseinformationonline. B.Creatingonlineaccountsfortheirkids.C.Robbingtheirkidsofasenseofsecurity. D.Takingimperfectplatformsforsafeplaces.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sanitize”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Adaptto. B.Relyon. C.Figureout. D.Cleanup.31.Whatshouldparentsoffertohelpchildrenexploretheonlineworld?A.Properguidance. B.Gooddigitalresources.C.Preventionstrategies. D.LimitedInternetaccess.【答案】28.C29.D30.D31.A【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述在网络虚假信息泛滥的时代，一些心理学家建议让孩子适当接触虚假信息，家长应给予指导，帮助孩子学会辨别网络信息真假。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Doingsoinlimitedcircumstances,andwithcarefuloversightandeducation,canhelpchildrengainthetoolsthey’llneedtotellfactfromfalsehoodonline,saidEvanOrticio,aPh.D.studentinUCBerkeley’sDepartmentofPsychology.(加州大学伯克利分校心理学系的博士生EvanOrticio说，在有限的情况下，并在仔细的监督和教育下这样做，可以帮助孩子们获得他们在网上辨别真假所需的工具)”可知，让孩子们接触更多网络错误信息是为了使他们具备核实事实的技能。故选C项。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“That’saparticularproblembecauseparentsmayhavetheimpressionthatthesearesafeplacestheirkidscanexplore.(这是一个特别的问题，因为家长们可能会觉得这些是他们孩子可以探索的安全地方)”可知，家长可能犯的错误是把不完美的平台当作安全的地方。故选D项。【30题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Ratherthantryingtosanitizetheironlineenvironments,parentsshouldhavediscussionswiththeirchildrenabouthowtocheckclaimsandtalkaboutwhatthey’reseeing.(与其试图sanitize他们的网络环境，父母应该和他们的孩子讨论如何核实信息，并谈论他们所看到的内容)”并结合语境可知，这里是说与其清理网络环境，不如教孩子辨别，所以sanitize意思是“清理，净化”，与Cleanup意思相近。故选D项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Ratherthantryingtosanitizetheironlineenvironments,parentsshouldhavediscussionswiththeirchildrenabouthowtocheckclaimsandtalkaboutwhatthey’reseeing.”It’snotthatweneedtoenhancetheirskepticism.It’sthatweneedtogivethemtheabilitytousethatskepticismtotheiradvantage.(“与其试图净化他们的网络环境，父母应该和他们的孩子讨论如何核实信息，并谈论他们所看到的内容。”这并不是说我们需要加强他们的怀疑。而是我们需要让他们有能力利用这种怀疑主义)”可知，父母应该为孩子探索网络世界提供适当的指导。故选A项。DGettingintoargumentswithstrangersonlineorfamilymembersatthedinnertablecanfeelabitlikedebatingwithabrickwall.Weareprobablyallguilty(有过失的)offeelinglikeweareright,evenifwedon’thaveallthefacts.Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“illusionofinformationadequacy(IOIA)”.“Interpersonalconflictisontherise,drivingincreasesinanger,anxiety,andgeneralstress,”saysAngusFletcher,aresearcherattheOhioStateUniversity.“Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseehowtheycouldbereduced.”Inthestudy,theteamsurveyed1,261Americansonline.Alltheparticipantsreadanarticleaboutanimaginaryschoolwithwatershortage.Grouponereadanarticlethatonlygavereasonsformerging(合并)withanotherschoolthathasbetterwater.Grouptworeadanarticlethatonlygavereasonsfortheschoolsstayingseparateandhopingforothersolutionstotheproblem.Groupthreewasthecontrolgroupthatreadbothsetsofthearguments.Theyfoundthemajorityofthefirsttwogroupsbelievedtheyhadenoughinformationtodecidewhattodo.Theysaidtheywouldfollowtherecommendationsinthearticletheyreadandthoughtotherswouldmakethesamedecision.About55percentofthecontrolgrouprecommendedtheschoolsmerge.TheteamcallsthisbeliefIOIA.Fletcherdescribesitas,“Thelessourbrainknows,themoreconfidentitisthatitknowsallitneedstoknow.Thismakesusleaptoconfidentconclusionsanddecisivejudgments,whenwemissnecessaryinformation.”Theteamalsofoundsomewerewillingtochangetheirminds—oncetheyhadallthefacts.Timingalsoplaysarole.Thepeopleinthestudychangedtheiropinionsthatwererecentlyformed,notlong-heldbeliefs.AccordingtoFletcher,oneofthebestwaystoreduceIOIAwhendisagreeingwithsomeoneistostopandask,“IstheresomethingI'mmissingthatwouldhelpmeunderstandtheirpositionbetter?”Thiscanhelpreduceunnecessaryinterpersonalconflict.32.WhatwasthemaingoalofFletcher’sresearch?A.Tofindwaystoimprovedebateskills. B.Toidentifytypesofinformationsources.C.Toexplainwhyitisnecessarytosticktofacts. D.Toexplorehowtominimizemisunderstandings.33.WhydidparticipantsinGrouponeandtwotendtohaveIOIA?A.Theyhelddeep-rootedbeliefs. B.Theyreceivedalotoffalseinformation.C.Theywereexposedtoone-sidedarguments. D.Theywereworriedabouttheschool’ssituation.34.WhatdoesFletchersuggesttofightIOIA?A.Establishinginterpersonalbonds. B.Seekingtobridgetheinformationgap.C.Encouragingotherstoseethebigpicture. D.Stressingtheweaknessesinothers’positions.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyDoPeopleInsistTheyAreCorrect? B.DoesInterpersonalConflictLeadtoStress?C.CanConversationsAffectWhatWeBelieve? D.WhatContributestoSensibleDecision-making?【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在与别人争吵时，我们总认为自己是对的，这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。文章主要介绍了我们有信息充足错觉的原因。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中Fletcher所说的话““Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseehowtheycouldbereduced.”(“我们想探讨这些误解，并看看如何减少它们。”)”可知，Fletcher的研究是主要是为了探索如何最大程度地减少误解。故选D。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inthestudy,theteamsurveyed1,261Americansonline.Alltheparticipantsreadanarticleaboutanimaginaryschoolwithwatershortage.Grouponereadanarticlethatonlygavereasonsformergingwithanotherschoolthathasbetterwater.Grouptworeadanarticlethatonlygavereasonsfortheschoolsstayingseparateandhopingforothersolutionstotheproblem.

(在这项研究中，研究团队在网上调查了1261名美国人。所有参与者都阅读了一篇关于一所缺水学校的虚构报道。第一组阅读的报道只给出了与另一所有更好水源的学校合并的理由。第二组阅读的报道只给出了学校保持独立并希望找到其他的方法的理由。)”可知，第一组和第二组所阅读的报道给出的理由都是单方面的，所以第一组和第二组的参与者倾向于有信息充足错觉（IOIA）。故选C。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“AccordingtoFletcher,oneofthebestwaystoreduceIOIAwhendisagreeingwithsomeoneistostopandask,“IstheresomethingI’mmissingthatwouldhelpmeunderstandtheirpositionbetter?”Thiscanhelpreduceunnecessaryinterpersonalconflict.(根据弗莱彻的说法，当与他人意见不同时，减少IOIA的最好方法之一是停下来问自己：“我是不是漏掉了什么导致我无法更好地理解他们的立场？”这可以帮助减少不必要的冲突。)”可知，Fletcher建议，要想应对信息充足错觉（IOIA），你应该问自己是不是漏掉了什么导致自己无法更好地理解他们的立场，这说明要努力弥补信息差，由此可推知，Fletcher建议要通过弥补信息差来应对IOIA，故选B。【35题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Gettingintoargumentswithstrangersonlineorfamilymembersatthedinnertablecanfeelabitlikedebatingwithabrickwall.Weareprobablyallguiltyoffeelinglikeweareright,evenifwedon’thaveallthefacts.Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“illusionofinformationadequacy

(IOIA)”.(在网上与陌生人或在晚餐桌上与家人争吵，感觉就像在和一堵砖墙辩论。我们可能都犯过这样的错误，自己是对的，即使我们没有掌握所有的事实。这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。)”和第二段中““Wewantedtolookintothosemisunderstandingsandseehowtheycouldbereduced.”(“我们想探讨这些误解，并看看如何减少它们。”)”可知，在与别人争吵时，我们总认为自己是对的，这种现象被称为“信息充足错觉”(IOIA)。文章主要介绍了我们有信息充足错觉的原因，A项“为什么人们坚持认为自己是对的？”适合作文章标题，故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThewordforSamoanstosayhelloisTalofa.___36___Itdependsonwhothey’respeakingwithandtheformalityofthesituation.Intheolddays,Samoansgreetedeachotherbytouchingforeheadsandnosestogether.ThepracticewaswidelydiscontinuedaftertheSpanishinfluenzapandemic(流行病)wipedoutaround20percentofourpopulation.___37___Now,whataboutthelanguagethatSamoansusetogreetpeople?TalofaistheofficialwordforhelloinSamoan.___38___ThatisSi-o’u-alofa,whichliterallymeans:mylove,buttheunspokenunderstandingbehinditisthatI’mofferingmylovetothepersonI’maddressing.Sobasically,Talofameansmyloveisforyou.AnothergreetingexpressionisUa’esau,whichconfusedmewhenIfirstheardit.ButIsoonlearnedthatit’ssocommonandsoverySamoan.Whenyoushowupsomewhere,it’sperfectlynaturalforaSamoantoask,“Ua’esau?”___39___Anyoneoutsideourculturemightthink,“Uhh,canyounotseethatIamhere,andIhavearrived?”Actually,it’sjustawayforthegreetertoacknowledgeyouarenowintheirpresence.AlsoI’venoticedthatifyourarrivalisunexpected,thisquestionisabeautifullysubtle(微妙的)wayofaskingwhyyouarehere.___40___A.Itmeans,“Haveyouarrived?”B.Buttheyuseafewothergreetingsaswell.C.RememberitnexttimeaSamoanasksyou,“Ua’esau?”D.Theymightwonderwhyyoubothertoasksuchaquestion.E.Itcomesfromanoldergreetingpackedwithbeautifulmeaning.F.SoweshouldpracticesomeofSamoa’smostcommongreetingwords.G.Thesedays,Samoansliketogreeteachotherwithasinglekissonthecheek.【答案】36.B37.G38.E39.A40.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了萨摩亚人打招呼的一些方式。【36题详析】上文“ThewordforSamoanstosayhellois

Talofa.

(萨摩亚人说你好是Talofa。)”指出萨摩亚人打招呼的会说Talofa，下文“Itdependsonwhothey’respeakingwithandtheformalityofthesituation.(这取决于他们与谁交谈以及情况的正式程度)”指出萨摩亚人与谁交谈以及情况的正式程度也会决定他们的打招呼方式，由此可知，萨摩亚人应该有不同的打招呼方式，B项“但他们也使用其他几种问候语。”符合，故选B。【37题详析】上文“Intheolddays,Samoansgreetedeachotherbytouchingforeheadsandnosestogether.ThepracticewaswidelydiscontinuedaftertheSpanishinfluenzapandemic(流行病)wipedoutaround20percentofourpopulation.(在过去，萨摩亚人通过额头和鼻子相触来互相问候。在西班牙流感大流行夺去了我们大约20%的人口，这种做法被广泛停止了)”指出流感使得萨摩亚人改变了原来的打招呼方式，空处承接上文，指出他们改变后的打招呼方式，G项“现在，萨摩亚人喜欢在脸颊上单吻互相打招呼。”符合，故选G。【38题详析】下文“Thatis

Si-o’u-alofa,whichliterallymeans:mylove,buttheunspokenunderstandingbehinditisthatI’mofferingmylovetothepersonI’maddressing.(那是Si-o’u-alofa，字面意思是：我的爱，但其背后的言外之意是我将我的爱献给我打招呼的人)”解释了Talofa的来源，E项“它来自一个充满美好意义的古老问候。”符合语境，引出下文，故选E。【39题详析】上文“Whenyoushowupsomewhere,it’sperfectlynaturalforaSamoantoask,“Ua’esau?

”(当你出现在某个地方时，萨摩亚人问“Ua’esau?

”是很自然的)”指出使用“Ua’esau?

”的具体情境，即当你出现在某个地方时，空处承接上文，具体解释“Ua’esau?”这一表达的意思，A项“这意味着，‘你到了吗？’”符合，故选A。【40题详析】上文“Actually,it’sjustawayforthegreetertoacknowledgeyouarenowintheirpresence.AlsoI’venoticedthatifyourarrivalisunexpected,thisquestionisabeautifullysubtle(微妙的)wayofaskingwhyyouarehere.

(其实，这只是主人表示欢迎的一种方式，也是他们确认你已经到达的一种方式。我还注意到，如果你的到访是出乎意料，这个问题是一种非常巧妙的方式在问你为什么来这里)”解释了人们为什么会用Ua’esau?，即这是一种表示欢迎的方式，空处承接上文，指出我们应该了解这种方式，以免理解错了，C项“下次有萨摩亚人问你“Ua’esau?”时，记得它。”符合，故选C。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ManuelVera,aretireeinSilverSpring,hadnoideahiseffortswouldgothisfar.Atfirst,he___41___soughttohelphisneighborsstayphysicallyactivebyofferingto___42___theirbikesforfree.Allheaskedwasthecostofnewparts.Later,hestartedthinkingabouttheunusedbikespeoplehadathomeand___43___neighborstodonatethosecollecting___44___intheirbasements.SilverSpring,aWashington,D.C.,suburbofabout80,000,isa___45___communitybringingtogetherfamilies,youngprofessionals,retireeslikeVera,andalargecommunityofimmigrantsandrefugees(难民)___46___tomakethisplacehome.Veratunes(调整)upthedonatedbikesand___47___themtoparks,foodbanks,andapartmentcomplexes.HecampsoutwithhisFreeBikessignandwaitsforpeopletowanderover.Thenhe___48___peoplewiththeperfectnewrideandwatchesthemrideawayhappy.Hisinitial___49___sawsixbikesgoinunder30minutes.Inadditiontotheadultsandkidshe___50___athisFreeBikesevents,customerscomefromlocalresettlementagenciesandothernonprofits.Thegroups___51___informationincludingtheheight,genderandageofa___52___,andVeradeliversafittingbicycletotheirdoor.He’shappytomakethe___53___.NowneighborsknowhimastheBikeDude,andtheykeephimbusywitha___54___supplyofbikes,helmetsandlocks.Sofar,morethan700SilverSpringershavenewwheelstotakethemanywheretheirfeetcan___55___,thankstothebig-heartedBikeDude.41.A.simply B.naturally C.immediately D.certainly42.A.wash B.mend C.keep D.recycle43.A.agreedwith B.arrangedfor C.dependedon D.appealedto44.A.dust B.attention C.energy D.information45.A.secure B.lively C.diverse D.friendly46.A.careful B.eager C.ambitious D.proud47.A.sells B.lends C.donates D.transports48.A.pairs B.connects C.mixes D.compares49.A.repair B.sale C.giveaway D.experiment50.A.invites B.encounters C.hires D.comforts51.A.confirm B.spread C.provide D.process52.A.donor B.professional C.volunteer D.rider53.A.trip B.decision C.choice D.fortune54.A.flexible B.steady C.limited D.fixed55.A.kick B.walk C.pedal D.move【答案】41.A42.B43.D44.A45.C46.B47.D48.A49.C50.B51.C52.D53.A54.B55.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是退休的ManuelVera把人们不用的自行车修好后免费送给需要的人们的故事。【41题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初，他只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，提供免费修理他们的自行车。A.simply仅仅，只；B.naturally自然地；C.immediately立即；D.certainly当然。根据上一句“ManuelVera,aretireeinSilverSpring,hadnoideahiseffortswouldgothisfar.(ManuelVera是SilverSpring的一名退休人员，他没想到自己的努力会走到这么远。)”和下文的“soughttohelphisneighborsstayphysicallyactive”可知，起初，ManuelVera只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，所以他没想到自己的努力会走到这么远。故选A项。【42题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他只是想帮助邻居们保持体力活动，提供免费修理他们的自行车。A.wash清洗；B.mend修理；C.keep保持；D.recycle回收。根据下文的“Allheaskedwasthecostofnewparts.(他只收取新零件的费用)”可知，他是为邻居修理自行车。故选B项。【43题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：后来，他开始考虑人们家里闲置的自行车，并呼吁邻居捐赠那些在地下室收集灰尘的自行车。A.agreewith同意；B.arrangefor安排；C.dependedon取决于；D.appealedto上诉；呼吁。根据下文的donate可知，此处指的是呼吁人们捐赠闲置的自行车。故选D项。【44题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，他开始考虑人们家里闲置的自行车，并呼吁邻居捐赠那些在地下室积满灰尘自行车。A.dust灰尘；B.attention注意力；C.energy能量；D.information信息。根据上文的“unusedbikes”和下文的“intheirbasement”可知，在地下室闲置的自行车肯定会积满灰尘。故选A项。【45题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：SilverSpring位于华盛顿特区的郊区，拥有约8万人口，是一个多元化的社区，聚集了家庭、年轻的专业人士、像Vera这样的退休人员，以及渴望在这里安家的移民和难民。A.secure安全的；B.lively活泼的；C.diverse多样化的；不同的；D.friendly友好的。根据下文的“bringingtogetherfamilies,youngprofessionals,retireeslikeVera,andalargecommunityofimmigrantsandrefugees”可知，SilverSpring聚集了许多层次和行业的人，是一个多元化的社区。故选C项。【46题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：SilverSpring位于华盛顿特区的郊区，拥有约8万人口，是一个多元化的社区，聚集了家庭、年轻的专业人士、像Vera这样的退休人员，以及渴望在这里安家的移民和难民。A.careful谨慎的；B.eager渴望的；C.ambitious雄心勃勃的；D.proud骄傲的。根据上文的“immigrantsandrefugees”可知，移民和难民肯定是渴望有地方安家，安顿下来。故选B项。【47题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：维拉调整捐赠的自行车，并将它们运送到公园、食品银行和公寓大楼。A.sells出售；B.lends借出；C.donates捐赠；D.transports运输；运送。根据空格后的“parks,foodbanks,andapartmentcomplexes”和下一句“HecampsoutwithhisFreeBikessignandwaitsforpeopletowanderover.”可知，他是把修好的自行车运到公园、食品银行和公寓大楼，等人们经过时送给需要的人，而不是出售或借出给这些地方。故选D项。【48题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他把人们和完美的新骑乘配对，看着他们快乐地骑走。A.pairs把……配对；B.connects连接；C.mixes混合；D.compares比较。根据下文的“watchesthemrideawayhappy”可知，他把自行车送给了新主人，所以，用pair符合语境。故选A项。【49题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他初次赠送是在30分钟内送出6辆自行车。A.repair维修；B.sale销售；C.giveaway赠送；赠品；D.experiment实验。根据上文的“HecampsoutwithhisFreeBikessign”和下文的“sixbikesgoinunder30minutes”可知，此处指的是他免费赠送自行车。故选C项。【50题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了他在免费自行车活动中遇到的成年人和孩子，客户还来自当地的安置机构和其他非营利组织。A.invites邀请；B.encounters遇到；邂逅；C.hires雇用；D.comforts安慰。根据下文的“athisFreeBikesevents,customerscomefromlocalresettlementagenciesandothernonprofits”可知，此处指的是他送自行车时遇到的人。故选B项。【51题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些组织提供包括骑手身高、性别和年龄在内的信息，Vera会把一辆合适的自行车送到他们家门口。A.confirm确认；B.spread传播；C.provide提供；D.process处理，加工。根据下文“informationincludingtheheight,genderandage”和“Veradeliversafittingbicycletotheirdoor”可知，Vera肯定是根据提供的信息搭配合适的自行车。故选C项。【52题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些组织提供包括骑手身高、性别和年龄在内的信息，Vera会把一辆合适的自行车送到他们家门口。A.donor捐献者；B.professional专业人员；C.volunteer志愿者；D.rider骑车人；骑手。根据下文的“Veradeliversafittingbicycletotheirdoor”可知，Vera送的是自行车，所以，他需要的肯定是骑车人的信息。故选D项。【53题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他为送车之行感到高兴。A.trip出行；旅行；B.decision决定；C.choice选择；D.fortune时运，命运。根据上文的“Veradeliversafittingbicycletotheirdoor”可知，此处指的是Vera的送车之行。故选A项。【54题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，邻居们都称他为“自行车哥”，他们给他源源不断地供应自行车、头盔和锁，让他忙个不停。A.flexible灵活的；B.steady稳定的；C.limited有限的；D.fixed固定的。根据上文的“theykeephimbusy”可知，有稳定的自行车、头盔和锁供应，Vera才能忙个不停。故选B项。【55题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：到目前为止，超过700名SilverSpring人都有了新的自行车，可以让他们的骑到到任何地方，这多亏了这位热心的“自行车哥”。A.kick踢；B.walk走；C.pedal骑自行车前进；踩（自行车等的）踏板；D.move移动。根据空格前的“theirfeet”可知，此处指的是脚踩踏板骑车。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworld’slargestthree-dimensionalLEGOmodelof“AlongtheRiverDuringtheQingmingFestival”wasdisplayedinHongKonglastweek.Covering47squaremeters,theexhibitbecameapopularattraction,artfully___56___(piece)togetherawonderfulworldwheretheoldandthenewmet.“Werolledoutthisexhibitmainly___57___(promote)traditionalChineseculturethroughcreativeeventsappealingtoyoungpeople,”saidadeputygeneralmanagerofBankofChina.Aspeoplewalkedalongthe26-meter-longandthree-dimensionalmodelmadeofupto3millionlegobricks,theycouldpicturethemselvesinlivelyancientstreets,___58___sellerswereofferinggoodsandkidswereplayinghideandseek.Pointingat___59___two-storeybuildingwithafrontdoordecoratedwithcolorfulribbons,LiChun-tung,a___60___(lecture)attheUniversityofHongKong,said,“Thiswasoneofthe___61___(busy)restaurantsthen,withdecorationsthatweretypical___62___innsandbarsinNorthernSongDynasty.”Thelegomodelrecreatedmanydetailsoflifeovercenturiesago,muchthe