山东省菏泽市鄄城县第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学英语试题（原卷版）

2024—2025学年高二开年大联考英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。考试时间为120分钟，满分150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillMarydonext?A.TeachMikeinperson.B.LendhernotebooktoMike.C.HandinMike’ssicknote.2.Howdidthewomangetthepapercuttings?A.Shecutthemherself.B.Herfatherboughtthemforher.C.Herfriendgavethemtoher.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Atthewoman’shome.C.Attheman’shome.4.Whoisprobablythewoman?A.Adesigner.B.Amodel.C.Asaleswoman.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirtravelexperiences.B.Theirfavoritecities.C.Theirholidayplans.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7两个小题。6.Whydoesthemanapologize?AFornotgoingtotheamusementpark.B.Fornotattendingtheparentteachermeeting.C.Fornotexplainingthereasonintime.7Whatsubjectisthewomanprobablybadat?A.Math.B.English.C.Physics.听第7段材料，回答第8、9两个小题。8.Howdidthewomanknowaboutthesofa?A.Fromthenewspaper.B.Fromherbrother.C.Fromanapp.9.Whydidthemandecidetosellthesofa?A.Hiswifedoesn’tlikeit.B.Hehasboughtanewsofa.C.Thereisn’tenoughroomforitinhisnewplace.听第8段材料，回答第10至12三个小题。10.Whatisthemanconcernedaboutmost?A.Thefloor.B.Thebalcony.C.Thesportsfacilities.11.Howmuchdoesthemanhavetopay?A.$800.B.$720.C.$400.12.Whatinformationdoesthemanprovideintheend?A.Hisemailaddress.B.Hisphonenumber.C.Hisfullname.听第9段材料，回答第13至16四个小题。13.WhatwasPauldoingbeforetheconversation?A.Playingvideogames.B.Recordingavideo.C.Playingwithhisphone.14.HowdoesthewomansuggestPaulfindajob?A.BysearchingtheInternet.B.Byreadingthelocalnewspapers.C.Bywalkingaroundinthecity.15.WhatisPaulprobablyunwillingtodo?A.Workintheevenings.B.Workonweekends.C.Workfarawayfromhome.16.WhichjobwillPaulprobablyconsider?A.Areporter.B.Awaiter.C.Abusdriver.听第10段材料，回答第17至20四个小题。17.WhydidSarooBrierleygetonthetrainwhenhewasfour?A.Totraveltoanewcity.B.Togobackhome.C.Tolookforhisbrother.18.WhatdidSarooBrierleywriteinhisbookALongWayHome?A.Hiscuriosityabouthishometown.B.Hisimpressionofhisbrother.C.HisAustralianfamily.19.HowdidSarooBrierleyfindhishometown?A.Byaskingaladyforhelp.B.BygoingtoIndianvillagesinperson.C.Byusingadigitalmappingprogram.20.HowdidSarooBrierleyfeelintheend?A.Disappointed.B.Excited.C.Curious.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ABestSTEMSummerCampsForKidsCarnegieMellonSAMSCollegepreparationisaprimarygoalofScience,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(STEM)programs,andCarnegieMellonUniversityoffersanaccelerated(快捷的)summeracademyforthisspecificpurpose.Thebestpartaboutitisthatit’spletelyfreeforstudents.TheSummerAcademyforMathandScience(SAMS)lastsfiveweeksandprovidesafulltimeeducationalexperienceduringtheschoolbreak.Applicantsneedtobeajuniorinhighschool.MadScienceWorldwideMadScienceWorldwidehasseverallocationsacrosstheUnitedStatesandothercountries.Unlikeothertraditionalcamps,theirSTEMcampsarehostedatschoolsandallowentireclassestoattend.MadScienceWorldwidehassummercampsforkidsages312.Sessionsareavailableinhalfdayandfulldaysessions.Theteachertostudentratefallsbetween1:121:15,withinstructorswhoareeitherteachersorcollegestudentswithpreviousexperienceteachingchildren.AstroCampLocatedinthebeautifulSanJacintoMountainsofSouthernCalifornia,AstroCampbinesthetraditionalsummercampswithalargelistofactivitiesfocusedonSTEMlearning.AstroCampofferstwoweeksessionsofeducationandfuntokidsages8to17.Campactivitieslikerockclimbing,hiking,andsailing,keepcampersactiveinthesun.InSTEMactivitieskidscanexploretheuniversewithtelescopesduringstarnightsorconductexperimentswithgasesandatmosphereinthelab.SpaceCampSomechildrendreamofbeinganastronaut,andtheycanliveoutthosedreamsatSpaceCamp.LocatedinHuntsville,Alabama,incooperationwiththeU.S.RocketandSpaceCenter,SpaceCamphasservedfamiliessince1982.Programsaresixdayslongforcampers918.ParentscansharethefunwiththeirchildrenbyenrollingintheFamilySpaceAcademyoption,whichlaststhreedays.Therearealsootherspecialtycampsthatfocusonaviation(航空)andcybersecurity.1.What’sthepurposeofCarnegieMellonSAMS?A.Togetstudentsreadyforhighereducation.B.Toofferscholarshiptohighschoolstudents.C.Toentertainstudentsduringsummerholiday.D.Toprovidestudentswithfulltimecollegeexperience.2.WhatdoweknowaboutAstroCamp?A.Itissponsoredbylocalspacecenter.B.Itisatwoweekcampbasedataschool.C.Itfeaturesvariousexcitingextremesports.D.ItintegratesregularcampactivitieswithSTEMlearning.3.Whichcamphasactivitiesintendedforbothchildrenandparents?A.AstroCamp. B.CarnegieMellonSAMS.C.SpaceCamp. D.MadScienceWorldwide.BIt’satruthuniversallyacknowledgedthatkidsarerarelyfondofeatingtheirgreens.Butfruitsandvegetablesarethefoundationofahealthydiet,whichmakesparentseupwithcreativesolutionstogettheirchildrentohappilyeatthem.That’showfoodartistSarahBeachcameupwithanidea—turntheseingredientsintocharacters,animals,objects,andeveninspiringmessages.Herdeliciouscreations,whichshesharesonherFacebook,arealsoafeastfortheeyes.Beach’sadventureintheworldoffoodartbeganin2018,withasimplerabbitdesign.Herfoodartworksnotonlyputasmileonherchildren’sfaces,butalsokeepthemingbackformore.Fortheartist,foodarthasalsoprovidedherwithawaytorelaxafterwork.“MostofmydesignsstartduetoaneventorideaIhave.ThenIlookwhichfruitswouldworktomakethedesignappealingtokids,”shesaid.“Colorsarekey.”Stayingtruetoherpurpose,Beachonlyusesfreshfruitandvegetables,alongwithseeds,nuts,andoccasionallyatouchofchocolate.Herartdoesnotcontainanyfoodadditives(添加剂).Stickingtohervaluesaroundfoodhasmadehernoticetheversatility(多功能)ofeachingredient.ForBeach,blueberrieslendthemselvesperfectlyforvariouselements.“Iloveworkingwithblueberries.Youcanusethemforeyes,skin,linesandbackground.Veryhealthyanddeliciousaswell.”Everyonehastheirownuniqueapproachtocreativity.Beachsaid,“Idon’treallyhaveacreativeprocess.Themostbasicofmycreationstakeonlyaround30minutestocreate,whilesomemoreplexdesignstakeuptotwohours.IgetideaswhenIlistentothenews,readbooksorsurftheInternet.Ihaveadeepseatedinnerpassiontodevelopnovel,useful,andsometimesbeautifulsolutionstokids’healthyeating.Somyfruitartillustratesmybeliefandpassion.”4.WhydidSarahBeachstartcreatingfoodart?A.Todevelopanewhobbyafterwork. B.Tobeefamousonsocialmedia.C.Toexperimentwithdifferentfoodingredients. D.Togetkidstoeatfruitsandvegetableshappily.5.WhatdoesSarahsayaboutthecolorsinherfoodartdesigns?A.Theyareessentialtoherfoodart. B.Theyareselectedbythechildren.C.Theyareoptionalforsomedesigns. D.Theyarereplacedbyartificialcolors.6WhatcanweknowaboutSarahfromthelastparagraph?A.Sheusesnaturalingredientsforherdesigns.B.Sheintegratesloveandcreativityintoherfoodart.C.Shecooperateswithsocialmediaforinspiration.D.Sheisunwillingtoconcentrateonthecreativeprocess.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.FreshFruitsandVegetablesBenefitingChildrenB.PracticalSuggestionsonMaintainingaHealthyDietC.TurnOrdinaryIngredientsintoDeliciousWorksofArtD.SarahBeach’sJourneytoBeaProfessionalFoodArtistCWhetherwearesittingdownorstandingup,stillormoving,bodypostureinfluencesourmood.Severalstudieshaveshownthislinkbetweenphysicalpostureandmood.Othershaveshownarelationshipbetweenourmoodandourcognitive(认知的)performance,includingmemory,reasoning,learning,andthespeedofreactionandprocessingofinformation.Soalogicalquestionarises.Canbodypostureinfluenceourcognitiveperformance?Previously,aNewZealandteam(UniversityofAuckland)carriedoutanexperimentonposturewhenwewalk,especiallyinthestreet.Theteamhadfoundaveryclearinfluenceofourpostureonourmoodandconfidence.Itappearsthatwalkingwithahunchedback,bowedheadandmotionlessarmshaveanegativeinfluenceonourmentalstate.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatthesimpleactofstraighteningup,standingupstraight,withyourheadheldhigh,andgazing(注视)forwardgivesusaseriousboostofconfidence.Notonlydoesourspontaneous(自发的)posturehaveapsychologicaleffect,butbycorrectingit,itispossibletobringaboutimprovementinthelongterm.IntheotherstudythistimecarriedoutbyanAustrianteam(FriedrichAlexanderUniversityinErlangenNuremberg),researchersobservedthesamephenomenon,thistimeinasittingposition.Youngadultswereinvitedtoparticipateintestspresentedasintendedtoassesstheirabilitytoconcentrate.Infact,theresearchershadthemsitindifferentposturesfromuprighttoveryslumpedinordertonotetheirinfluencesonmoodandcognition.Afirstobservationindicatesthat“sittingupright”isassociatedwithabetteroverallmood.Itisalsofoundtohaveapositiveinfluenceonthespeedofprocessinginformationandpletingtasks,althoughthetestpassratedoesnotvarysignificantlywithposture.Finally,andsurprisinglyenough,bloodpressureisalittlemorefavorableinanuprightposition.Tofurtherpletethelistofbenefitsofsittingupright,wewilladdthatitiswidelyremendedforprotectingthebackincaseofworkthatrequiressittingforalongtime.8.Whydoesthewriterintroducethestudiesatthebeginning?A.Toexplainwhatcognitiveperformanceis.B.Toemphasizetheimportanceofbodyposture.C.Toprovetheresultsofthosestudiesareinaccurate.D.Toraiseanewquestiontobestudiedandsolved.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hunched”meaninparagraph3?A.Straight. B.Bent. C.Loose. D.Solid.10.WhatdoesthestudyconductedbytheNewZealandteamindicate?A.Postureinfluencesourmentalstate. B.Straighteninguphasanegativeeffect.C.Gazingupwardbuildsupconfidence. D.Walkingpostureishardtoadjust.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutsittingupright?A.Itrequiressittingforalongtime. B.Ithelpsimprovethetestpassrate.C.Ithasmentalandphysicalbenefits. D.Itincreasesthebloodpressure.DWithmorethanhalfthecountrylocatedbelowsealevel,theNetherlandshasahistoryofflooding.Nowclimatechangehasbroughtmoresevereweather,heavyrainfall,andevendroughttothearea,forcingthecityofAmsterdamtoconsidernewwaystoprotectitself,andthat’swhereResilioesin.TheprojectResiliobuildsinnovativesmartbluegreenroofsthroughoutAmsterdam.Togetherwiththelocalgovernment,fromtheyears2018to2022theyinstalled(安装)specializedroofsinAmsterdamneighborhoodsthatareinthemostdangerofflooddamage.Theroofsaresimilartotheconceptofgreenroofsbutalotsmarter.That’sbecausetheroofsaremadeofmanylayers.Themostimportantlayeristhewaterremaininglayer.Thislayerservesadoublepurpose.Intimesofheavyrainfall,itcollectsrainwaterthatwouldotherwisefloodthestreets,whileintimesofdroughtthewaterfeedsthegardenonthetoplayer.Itisthislayerthatdifferentiatesbluegreenroofsfromregulargreenroofs.AstudyintheJournalofEnvironmentalManagementshowsthatbluegreenroofscancollectupto97percentofextremerain,asopposedtotheabout12percentthatregulargreenroofscancollect.WhatmakesResilioroofssounique,however,aretheirsmartsystems.Multiplebluegreenroofsareconnectedthroughadigitalnetwork,meaningtheroofscaneachbecontrolledindividually,respondingtotheamountofwatercollectedonthatparticularroofasneeded.Eachroofalsohasasmartvalve(阀门)thatisconnectedtoaputersystemcalledtheDecisionSupportSystem(DSS).TheDSSnetworkswithlocalweatherforecaststodecidewhetherthevalveonaparticularroofshouldopen,spillingwatersafely.andslowlyintothesewer(下水道)system,orwhetheritshouldremainclosedandcollecttheingrain.ThesearetheinnovationsthatmakeResiliotrulyrevolutionary.Bluegreenroofsshowthatthesolutionstothedangersthatclimatechangebringsneedtobecreativeandmustworkonmanylevels.12.WhatisthepurposeoftheResilioprojectinAmsterdam?A.Tostudytheeffectofthebluegreenroofs. B.Tocreategardensonthetopofthebuildings.C.Toinstallspecializedroofsinneighborhoods. D.Topromotecreativesolutionstoclimatechange.13.Whatdoestheauthormainlyshowinparagraph3?A.Thewidespreaduseofthebluegreenroofs. B.Theintelligenceofthebluegreenroofs.C.Thesignificanceofwaterremaininglayer. D.Thenewapproachtocollectingrainwater.14.Howdoestheauthorshowtheeffectivenessofbluegreenroofsinparagraph4?A.Bypresentingreasons. B.Byanalyzingtypicalcases.C.Byquotingresearchfindings. D.Byparingopinions.15.Whatmakescontrollingthewaterleveloneachroofsystempossible?A.Thegovernment’ssupport. B.ThesmartnetworksinResilio.C.Theconvenientsewersystem. D.Thepreciseweatherforecast.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhatisitthatallowsSteveJobsandElonMusktoinnovatesoconsistently?____16____It’sabouttryingtostepoutsideofthementalrestrictionsweimpose(强加于)uponourselvestoattempttolookataprobleminanewlight.Beingcreativeallowsyourselftodothingsexperiencethingsorconsiderthingsinunfamiliarways.____17____Becurious.Creativityatworkisnotlimitedonlytowhatgoesonintheworkplace.Ifyouwanttobeacreativeandinnovativeindividual,youneedtobroadenyourhorizons.___18___Thiscanhelpyoulearnaboutasmanyfieldsofknowledgeasyoucan.Ifyouhaveatoonarrowoutlook,youwon’tbeabletobreakoutofyourlimitedworldviewandmaketheconnectionsyouneedtohaveoriginalthoughts.___19___Ifcreativityisallabouthavingdifferentperspectivesandviewpoints,thenitmustmakesensetohirepeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsandwithdifferentexperiences.Ifyou’retheboss,don’tsimplyhirepeopleinyourownimage.Ifyoupopulateyourofficewithyourclonesandyourpanywithlikemindedpeople,creativitywillsuffer.Amuchbetterhiringpolicyistotrytocreateateamasdiverseaspossible.Whenitestodiscussionsandingupwithnewideas,youwillgaintherewards.Surroundyourselfwithinspiration.Alwaysbeonthelookoutfornewandexcitingmaterialanddecorateyourworkspacewithwhateveryoufind.___20___It’suptoyou.Makesureyoukeepreplacingeverythingtoo—itwillkeepyourspacefresh,andthis,inturn,willkeepyourmindfresh.Aboveall,don’tletyourenvironmentbeedullandboring.A.Buildadiverseteam.B.Organizebrainstormingsessionsinyourteam.C.Trytostepoutsideoftheworldyouarefamiliarwith.D.Hereareafewthingstohelpyoubemorecreativeatwork.E.Creativityisabouttryingtoseethingsfromadifferentangle.F.It’samazingthatasimplechangeofscenerycanhelpyourcreativityflowagain.G.Itcouldbenewspaperheadlines,inspiringsentences,objects,photosoranythingelse.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Asaparent,therearecertainsituationsyoucan’thelpbutfear.OneofthosehappenedtoStephanieGeorgerecently.OnSaturday,sheandher7yearoldsonSebastianwerespendinga____21____eveningtogether.BecauseSebastianhasararegeneticdisability,he____22____throughafeedingtube(管子).Usually,heexperiencesno____23____.Butonthatnight,somethingwentwrong.Itturnsoutthatthepotatoandchickenwasn’tgot____24____wellenoughforthe7yearold.Asaresult,thefoodgotstuckinhisthroat.Hebeganto____25____.Stephaniedidherbesttostay____26____,butitdidn’ttakelongforthissituationtobeeterrible.Asaresult,thismomhurriedto____27____herphone,butasshewastypingthenumber911andlookingto____28____Sebastian,hewasalreadyblue.That’swhenshestartedto____29____.Afraidthathelpwouldn’tarriveintime,Stephanie____30____toaneighbornamedGaryHutchinson.WithSebastianinher____31____,shespoketoGarythroughhisdoorbellcamerawhilehemadehiswaytothem.Despitethe____32____situation,bothadultswereabletoremaincalmandactquickly.____33____,GaryhashadCPRtraining,soherecoveredhisinstincts(本能)onceSebastianwasinhis____34____.So,terrifyingasthissituationwasforallthreeofthem,intheend,this7yearoldwas____35____justintime.He’sdoingjustfinenow!Stephaniecouldn’tbemoregrateful.21.A.exceptional B.normal C.painful D.desperate22.A.breathes B.shifts C.digests D.eats23.A.operation B.issues C.delays D.blame24.A.melt B.packed C.cleaned D.mixed25.A.scream B.bleed C.choke D.chew26.A.calm B.strict C.optimistic D.outstanding27.A.drop B.arrange C.grab D.select28.A.assess B.encourage C.treat D.justify29.A.plain B.panic C.reform D.collapse30.A.rangup B.droveaway C.rushedover D.cameback31.A.arms B.knees C.wheelchair D.hands32.A.amazing B.confusing C.frightening D.embarrassing33.A.Ultimately B.Initially C.Obviously D.Thankfully34.A.motivation B.care C.assumption D.experiment35.A.saved B.connected C.praised D.convinced第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。PassantSayedKhalilisaChineseteacherattheConfuciusInstituteofCairoUniversityinEgypt.ShebeganlearningChineseatthesuggestionofherfather,____36____believedthattherelationshipbetweenEgyptandChinawasbeingincreasinglyclose,makinglearningChinesevery____37____(benefit)tofuturedevelopment.However,herjourneyoflearningChinesewasfullof____38____(challenge).PassantSayedKhalilrecalledfacingpronunciationdifficultiesinthefirstweekoflearningChineseatCairoUniversity.“Chineseis____39____(plete)differentfrommynativeArabiclanguage.SoIneededtoputinextraefforttolearn.”Throughcontinuoushardwork,PassantSayedKhalil’sChineseproficiencyimprovedovertime.In2019,she____40____(award)theglobalchampionshipofthe18th“ChineseBridge”WorldUniversityChineseLanguagepetition.InSeptember2019,after____41____(graduate)fromCairoUniversity,PassantSayedKhalilwenttoBeijingNormalUniversity____42____(pursue)hermaster’sdegree.InJuly2021,aftertwoyearsofstudyattheConfuciusInstituteofCairoUniversity,shesuccessfullyobtainedhermaster’sdegree____43____becameaChineseteacherattheConfuciusInstituteofCairoUniversity.Today,sheoftentellsherstudentsstoriesaboutChinaand____44____(it)cultureintheclassroom.SheshareshersecretsoflearningChinesewithherstudentspracticemore,facedifficulties,andalsoshowsthemplaces______45______interestinBeijingsuchastheGreatWalltoexperienceChineseculture.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的在北京学习的英国朋友Jim写信告诉你他对一些中国人的日常肢体语言感到非常困惑。据此，请你给他写封回信，内容包括：1.表达安慰；2.举例说明中国人的日常肢体语言；3.你的期盼。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Oneafternoon,EmmaandIwerewalkinghomefromschool,chattingaboutourday.Emma,withhercuriouseyesshining,askedmeaboutmyfriendshipwithLucy.Withoutthinking,Isaid,“IonlyhungoutwithLucybecauseshewantedmeto,butIdidn’treallywanttobefriendswithher.Shewaskindofboring.”Unluckily,Ididn’tknowLucywasnearby.WhenIlookedup,shewasrightthere,havingheardeverything.Herfaceturnedpale,andhereyesgotbigwithsurprise.