2022年天津市南开区重点高中高二下学期期中考试英语试题

PAGE3天津市南开区重点高中2021-2022学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第二部分笔试部分（一）单项填空1.—Everybodyishelpingoutwithdinner.Wouldyoucleanthefish?—.I’drathermakethesalad.A.Apieceofcake B.Noproblem C.Couldn’tbebetter D.Anythingbutthat【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——每个人都在帮忙做晚饭。你能把鱼洗干净吗?——除那以外的任何事。我宁愿做沙拉。A.Apieceofcake小菜一碟；B.Noproblem没问题；C.Couldn’tbebetter再好不过了；D.Anythingbutthat除那以外的任何事。根据“I’drathermakethesalad（我宁愿做沙拉）”可知，此处指“宁愿做除那以外的任何事”。故选D。2.Thedictionaryis_________.manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguagesinceitwaspublished.A.outofcontrol B.outofdateC.outofsight D.outofreach【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：这本字典过时了。自从它被出版，很多单词被增加到这个语言中。A.outofcontrol失去控制；B.outofdate过时的；C.outofsight看不见的；D.outofreach够不着的。根据“manywordshavebeenaddedtothelanguage”可知，这本字典过时了。故选B。3.【2018·天津】The__________thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.advice B.orderC.possibility D.invitation【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A.advice建议；B.order命令；C.possibility可能性；D.invitation邀请。故选C。点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题语法上是一个同位语从句，从句thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniverse是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。4.Whenwalkingdownthestreet,IcameacrossDavid,whomIforyears.A.didn’tsee B.haven’tseen C.hadn’tseen D.wouldn’tsee【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当我在街上走的时候，我遇到了大卫，我已经多年没见到他了。A.didn’tsee没有看见（一般过去时）；B.haven’tseen已经没看见（现在完成时）；C.hadn’tseen已经没看见（过去完成时）；D.wouldn’tsee没看见（过去将来时）。根据时间状语foryears可知，句子应用完成时态，且根据came使用过去式形式可知，主句使用一般过去时，see这一动作发生在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故选C项。5.Wecanobservethatartificialintelligencehasalreadymadea(n)________onourlivesinmanyways.A.statement B.impactC.impression D.judgment【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以观察到人工智能已经在许多方面已经对我们的生活产生了影响。A.statement陈述说明；B.impact影响，效果；C.impression印象；D.judgment判断。故选B符合语境。6.WeofferedtogiveSharonaridehome,butshe______,sayingthatshefeltlikewalking.A.understood B.accepted C.compromised D.declined【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们提出Sharon回家，但她拒绝了，说她想步行回去。A.understood理解；B.accepted接受；C.compromised妥协；D.declined谢绝。根据“sayingthatshefeltlikewalking”可知，Sharon想自己回家，所以她“谢绝”了我们的提议。故选D。7.Mr.Smithownedthisoilpaintinguntiltheearly1990s,____________hegaveittohisgrandson.A.which B.when C.where D.who【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画，直到20世纪90年代初，他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句，先行词是the

early1990s，在定语从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故选B。8.(2017·天津)Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughter___________,getmarried,andhavekids.A.settledown B.keepoffC.getup D.cutin【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：布朗先生和夫人想要看到他们的女儿安顿下来，结婚生子。A.settledown安顿下来；B.keepoff远离；C.getup起床；D.cutin插嘴。根据后文getmarried,andhavekids可推知，是安顿下来，故选A。9.Feelingfearfulishealthy________ithelpsyouslowdownandevaluaterisksproperly.A.because B.until C.before D.although【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：感到恐惧是有益于健康的，因为它能帮助你慢下来，正确评估风险。A.because因为；B.until直到；C.before在……之前；D.although虽然。根据语境，主句提到healthy（有益于健康的），连词引导的从句部分则在具体描述为何说是有益于健康的，这是一个原因状语从句，适用because（因为）引导，故选A。10.Mywashingmachine___________thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.A.wasrepaired B.isrepairedC.isbeingrepaired D.hasbeenrepaired【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：这周我的洗衣机正在修，所以我不得不手洗衣服。根据后句soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.可知，洗衣机正在修，故用现在进行时态的被动语态。故选C。点睛：本题考查时态。分析选项可以知道，4个选项都用了被动语态，本题考查的其实是不同的时态。选项A是过去时；选项B是一般现在时的被动；选项C是现在进行时；选项D是现在完成时。再结合语境进行分析，最终判断出最佳答案。11.Sheaskedme________Ihadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.A.when B.whereC.whether D.what【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：他问我是否已经把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。A.when什么时候；B.where在哪里；C.whether是否；D.what什么。根据句意，故选C。【点睛】本题是对宾语从句中连词的考查。对于宾语从句的连词的确定，首先确定连词的词义，然后根据句意判断出正确的连词，本句的句意很明显，确定为“是否”。12.Itoldyou!Ireallyamrankedthelowest.Number25outof25players.________You'vegotnowheretogobutup.A.Tellmeabitmore.B.I'mnotsosureaboutthat.C.Lookonthebrightside!D.Thatisabsolutenonsense!【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——我告诉过你！我真的是排名最低的。25名球员中的第25名。——抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。A.Tellmeabitmore再多告诉我一些；B.I'mnotsosureaboutthat对此我不确定；C.Lookonthebrightside!抱乐观态度；D.Thatisabsolutenonsense!这完全是胡说八道。根据“You'vegotnowheretogobutup.”可知，此处是指抱乐观态度吧。你会越来越好的。故选C项。13.Amy,aswellasherbrothers,________awarmwelcomewhenreturningtothevillagelastweek.A.isgiven B.aregivenC.wasgiven D.weregiven【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据lastweek可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。14.Clearlyandthoughtfully________,thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.A.writing B.towriteC.written D.beingwritten【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与thebook是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。15.(2018·天津)Ican'tfindmypurse.I___________itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI'mnotsure.A.shouldleave B.musthaveleftC.mightleave D.couldhaveleft【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+havedone，再根据后句butI’mnotsure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词could，表示“可能”。故选D。【点睛】情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点。本题抓住两点：第一、时态。根据句中时间状语可以判断出是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+havedone；如果是对现在事情的推测，才用情态动词+v原形。第二、情态动词的选择。must为肯定推测，表示“一定”，could为不肯定推测，表示“可能”，这样就能选出正确答案。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）（2019年天津，6月）Iwasreadytopayformybananasatthegroceryonenight,whenfearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone.IcouldonlyhaveleftitontheG9bus,whichwasnowspeedinginthedarktosome______16______station.The____17____momentwasquicklyfollowedbymentalmath.Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethe_____18_____ofthatlittlewallet?Thecreditcards,thedriver’slicense,thecash,alllosttothebus.Twohourslater,backatmyhouse,Iheardaknockonthedoor.Myhusband______19______itwhileIwasonthephoneinthediningroom.“DoesJenniferlivehere?”Iheardaladysay.Inmyhusband’shandwasmywallet,withnotapenny_____20_____.SheleftbeforeIcould____21____makeittothedoortooffermythanks.Aftersharingthestoryonline,Iheardfromsomeone,who____22____theladyasErinSmith.Without___23___,Icalledtothankher.Shesaidshe____24____mywalletonabusseat.She_______25_______thatgoingtoastranger’shousewasa______26______move,butshedecidedtotakethechance.“IfIwereinthat______27______,Iwouldwantsomeonetotrytofindme,”shesaid.Thisonestrangerrespondedbeautifullytomysmall______28______,butsheactuallywasn’ttheonlyone.RightafterErin______29______mywalletonthebus,shepostedapictureofmydriver’slicensetoanonlineforum(论坛),tryingtosee______30______anyoneknewme.NosoonerdidsheleavemydoorstepthanIhademailsfromtwowomenwhosekidsgotomyson’snurseryandwhorecognizedmyface.I’venever______31______wordswiththosemomsbeyondsmalltalk,buttheywantedtohelp.Ireadthatpeoplearemoredividedthanever,butthat’snothowthepeopleI_______32_______tendtoact._____33_____,Ifeelblessedsomeonehadwantedtohelpastranger.Erinhadgone______34______whatalmostanyonewouldhavedone,findingmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight,andforthatIwasextremely______35______.16.A.accessible B.hidden C.unknown D.convenient17.A.face-saving B.brain-washing C.eye-catching D.heart-stopping18.A.parts B.contents C.details D.ingredients19.A.ignored B.answered C.examined D.interrupted20.A.missing B.returned C.remaining D.abandoned21.A.still B.ever C.yet D.even22.A.selected B.appointed C.identified D.defined23.A.delay B.alarm C.regret D.invitation24.A.moved B.placed C.opened D.spotted25.A.disagreed B.complained C.calculated D.recommended26.A.selfless B.risky C.slow D.personal27.A.site B.direction C.situation D.atmosphere28.A.crisis B.danger C.threat D.failure29.A.gotridof B.madeuseof C.hadcontrolof D.tookpossessionof30.A.if B.where C.how D.when31.A.recalled B.exchanged C.repeated D.whispered32.A.encounter B.follow C.consult D.accompany33.A.Goingaway B.Turningaround C.Lookingback D.Comingalong34.A.into B.against C.over D.beyond35.A.longing B.enthusiastic C.concerned D.grateful【答案】16.C17.D18.B19.B20.A21.D22.C23.A24.D25.C26.B27.C28.A29.D30.A31.B32.A33.C34.D35.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，一个陌生人Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还钱包。作者深受感动，体会到人们还是愿意互相帮助的。【16题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我只可能把它留在G9巴士上了，那辆巴士现在在黑暗中飞驰到某个未知的车站。A.accessible可进入的；B.hidden隐藏的；C.unknown未知的；D.convenient方便的。根据前文的“fearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone.”可以推知，作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，而汽车正在开往某个作者未知的地方，这使得找回钱包的希望渺茫，因此作者心生“恐惧”。故选C。【17题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：惊心动魄的那一刻紧接着是心理数学A.face-saving保全体面的；B.brain-washing洗脑的；C.eye-catching引人注目的；D.heart-stopping惊心动魄的。根据上一段中的“fearseizedme”可以推知，作者在发现丢了钱包之后的第一感觉是“害怕”，之后，作者开始在内心计算找回钱包里的那些东西所需要的时间和钱数。故该空应和fear表达的意思相近，故选D。【18题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：换掉那个小钱包里的东西需要多少时间和金钱？A.parts部分；B.contents所含之物，所容纳之物；C.details细节；D.ingredients材料。该空指下文中提到的“Thecreditcards,thedriver’slicense,thecash,”这些都是钱包里装的东西。故选B。【19题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我丈夫应门的，我在餐厅打电话。A.ignored忽视；B.answered应（门）；接（电话）；应答；C.examined考试；D.interrupted打断。两小时后有人敲门，丈夫去应门。故选B。【20题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我丈夫手里拿着我的钱包，一分钱也没丢。A.missing不见的，丢失的；B.returned被送回的；C.remaining剩下的；D.abandoned被抛弃的。结合下文的陈述可知，那位女士捡到了作者的钱包，她拾金不昧，将钱包完璧归赵。由此可以推知，该处指“钱包里的钱一分也没有丢失”。故选A。【21题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我还没来得及到门口表示感谢，她就走了。A.still仍然；B.ever曾经；C.yet但是；已经；D.even甚至。作者甚至还没有来得及到门口感谢那位女士，她就离开了，是递进关系。故选D项。【22题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：在网上分享了这个故事后，我收到了一个人的来信，他说这位女士名叫艾琳·史密斯。A.selected挑选；B.appointed约定的，指定的；C.identified确认，认出，识别；D.defined下定义。在网上分享了这个故事之后，作者收到了某个人的来信，这个人识别出那位女士是ErinSmith。故选C。【23题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我毫不迟疑地打电话感谢她。A.delay耽搁；B.alarm闹钟；C.regret遗憾；D.invitation邀请。找到了那位拾金不昧的女士，作者当然要“马上，毫不耽搁地”打电话去感谢对方。故选A。【24题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：她说她在公车座位上发现了我的钱包。A.moved移动；B.placed放置；C.opened打开；D.spotted发现，认出。作者将钱包落在了公共汽车上，Erin是在一个座位上发现了它。该空表示“发现”，故选D。【25题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：她估计去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。A.disagreed不同意；B.complained抱怨；C.calculated计算，估计；D.recommended推荐。根据文章最后一段中的“abitterlycoldnight”可知，这件事发生在一个寒冷的晚上。同时，Erin又不认识作者。由此推知，该句应指：Erin估计去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。故选C。【26题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：她估计去一个陌生人的家是一个冒险的举动。A.selfless无私的；不考虑自己的；B.risky危险的；冒险的；C.slow慢的；D.personal亲自的。根据下文中的转折词but可知，该句和shedecidedtotakethechance（她决定冒险）是转折关系，那么该句应指去一个陌生人家是一个冒险的举动。故选B。【27题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：如果我处在那种情况下（指丢了钱包这种情形），我希望有个人努力地找到我。A.site地点；位置；场所；B.direction方向；C.situation情况，情形；D.atmosphere气氛；大气。该句叙述的是Erin当时的想法：在那种情况下。该空表示“情况，情形”，故选C。【28题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这个陌生人对我的小危机很好地反应了。A.crisis危机，危难时刻；B.danger危险；C.threat威胁；D.failure失败。作者丢了钱包，对于作者来说，这是一个“危难时刻”。故选A。【29题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：就在艾琳在车上捡走了我的钱包后，她把我的驾照照片发到了一个在线论坛上。A.gotridof免除，除去，摆脱；B.madeuseof使用，利用；C.hadcontrolof对……有控制能力；D.tookpossessionof拥有，占有。Erin捡到了作者的钱包，在归还作者之前，钱包在Erin的手里，Erin暂时“拥有，占有”作者的钱包。故选D。【30题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：她在一个网上论坛上贴了一张我的驾照照片，想看看有没有人认识我。A.if是否；B.where在哪里C.how如何；D.when什么时候。Erin把作者的驾照图片发到一个论坛里，想看看是否有人认识作者。该空表示“是否”，故选A。【31题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：除了闲聊，我和那两位妈妈从来没有说过话。A.recalled回忆；B.exchanged交换，互换；C.repeated重复；D.whispered窃窃私语。根据后面的转折词but可知，该句和后面一句（她们想帮忙）是转折关系，由此推知，从未和她们“交换过词语”。故选B。【32题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我读到人们比以往任何时候都更加分裂，但我遇到的人往往不是这样行动的。A.encounter遭遇，邂逅；遇到；B.follow跟随；C.consult请教；商议；D.accompany陪伴。作者曾经读到这样的说法：人们比以往更加四分五裂，即：人们不像以前那样团结，不像以前那样互相帮助了。但是，作者遇到的这些人的行为方式不是那样的。上文中提到的Erin，twomoms都是作者遇到的人。故选A。【33题详解】本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：回首往事，我觉得有人想帮助一个陌生人是幸运的。A.Goingaway离开；B.Turningaround掉头；C.Lookingback再回首，回顾；D.Comingalong进展如何。回顾发生的这件事，作者感到很幸运：有人想帮助一个陌生人。故选C。【34题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：艾琳几乎超越所有人都会做的事。A.into到……里面；进入；B.against反对；C.over结束；D.beyond超过，超越。根据倒数第二段中提到的“peoplearemoredivided”可以推知，一般人在捡到别人的钱包后，都不会像Erin那样亲自归还失主。因此该句表达Erin的所作所为远远超越了其他人的行为。该空表示“超过，超越”，故D。【35题详解】本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：而我对此非常感激。A.longing渴望的；B.enthusiastic热情的；C.concerned有关的；关心的；D.grateful感激的。Erin在寒冷的黑夜亲自登门归还作者的钱包，作者一定是非常感激。故选D。【易错分析】Shecalculatedthatgoingtoastranger’shousewasa_____11_____move,butshedecidedtotakethechance.11.A.selflessB.riskyC.slowD.personal本题容易误选A项，认为她去一个陌生人家还钱包是一个无私的行为，但根据后文butshedecidedtotakethechance.以及常识可知，去一个陌生人家是一个冒险的举动，故选B。第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）A（2018年，天津，A）ALanguageProgrammeforTeenagersWelcometoTeenagersAbroad!Weinviteyoutojoinusonanamazingjourneyoflanguagelearning.OurCoursesRegardlessofyourchoiceofcourse,you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyandeffectively.OurStandardCourseguaranteesasignificantincreaseinyourconfidenceinaforeignlanguage,withfocusedteachinginall4skillareas—speaking,listening,readingandwriting.OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsperweek,guaranteeingthefastestpossiblelanguagelearning(seetablebelow).CourseTypeDaysNumberofLessonsCourseTimetableStandardCourseMon-Fri20lessons9:00-12:30IntensiveCourseMon-Fri20lessons9:00-12:3010lessons13:00-14:30EvaluationStudentsareplacedintoclassesaccordingtotheircurrentlanguageskills.Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.However,ifthisisnotavailable,studentssittheexamonthefirstMondayoftheircourse.Learningmaterialsareprovidedtostudentsthroughouttheircourse,andtherewillneverbemorethan15participantsineachclass.ArrivalsandTransferOurprogrammeoffersthefullpackage—studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.Theyarecollectedfromtheairportuponarrivalandbroughttotheiraccommodationincomfort.Werequirethestudent’sfullflightdetailsatleast4weeksinadvance.Meals/Allergies(过敏)/SpecialDietaryRequirementsStudentsareprovidedwithbreakfastdinnerandeitheracookedorpackedlunch(whichconsistsofasandwich,adrinkandadessert).Snacksoutsideofmealtimesmaybepurchasedbythestudentindividually.Weaskthatyouletusknowofanyallergiesordietaryrequirementsaswellasinformationaboutanymedicinesyoutake.Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,anextrachargemaybemadeforprovidingspecialfood.36.HowdoesIntensiveCoursedifferfromStandardCourse?A.Itislesseffective. B.Itfocusesonspeaking.C.Itincludesextralessons. D.Itgivesyouconfidence.37.WhencanastudentattendStandardCourse?A.13:00-14:30Monday. B.9:00-12:30Tuesday.C.13:00-14:30Friday. D.9:00-12:30Saturday.38.Beforestartingtheirprogramme,studentsareexpectedto___________.A.takealanguagetest B.haveanonlineinterviewC.preparelearningmaterials D.reporttheirlanguagelevels39.Withthefullpackage,theprogrammeorganiserissupposedto_________.A.informstudentsoftheirfullflightdetailsB.lookafterstudentsthroughouttheprogrammeC.offerstudentsfreesightseeingtripsD.collectstudents’luggageinadvance40.Whichofthefollowingmayrequireanextrapayment?ACookeddinner. B.Mealtimedessert.C.Packedlunch. D.Specialdiet.【答案】36.C37.B38.A39.B40.D【解析】【分析】本文是一则广告。介绍一个语言学习课程的课程设置，学习生活方面的要求。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据OurCourses部分中的OurIntensiveCoursebuildsonourStandardCourse,with10additionallessonsperweek,guaranteeingthefastestpossiblelanguagelearning(seetablebelow)可知，强化课程是在标准课程的基础上每周增加10节课。由此可知，加强课程和标准课程的不同在于它包括额外的课程。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据表格的第二行可知，学生可以在星期二的9点到12点半参加标准课程。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据Evaluation部分中的Themajorityofthemtakeanonlinelanguagetestbeforestartingtheirprogramme.可知，在开始课程之前，学生被希望参加一个语言考试。故选A。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据ArrivalsandTransfer部分中的Ourprogrammeoffersthefullpackage—studentsaretakengoodcareoffromthestartthroughtotheveryend.可知，该课程提供全套服务——学生从开始到结束都受到很好的照顾。由此可知，课程的组织者应该在整个课程的过程中照顾学生。故选B。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句话Dependingonthetypeofallergiesand/ordietaryrequirements,anextrachargemaybemadeforprovidingspecialfood.，可知，特殊的饮食可能要额外付款。故选D。B（2018年，天津，B）WhenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumuponherdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,"Doyouhavetheaddress?""No,butI'llrecognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.""Oh,stop.Thereitis!”Themuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalkingandstaredatus."MayIhelpyou?"amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.”Tourguidesgotonmynerves.Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren'tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgoneupstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy(爱窥探的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstandingbehindme."Wheredoyouthinkyouare?"heasked.Iturnedsharply."TheMcNayArtMuseum!"Hesmiled,shakinghishead."Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.""What’sthisplace?”Iasked,stillconfused."Well,it'sourhome."Myheartjolted(震颤).Iracedtothestaircaseandcalledout,"Sally!Comedownimmediately!""There'ssomereallygoodstuff(艺术作品)upthere."Shesteppeddown,lookingconfused.Ipushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,"Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,youhaveareallyniceplace."Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.Shecouldn'tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.TherealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.Thirtyyearslater,awomanapproachedmeinapublicplace."Excuseme,didyoueverenteraresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?""Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone.""Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.Myfeelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I'vealwayswantedtothankyou."41.WhatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay?A.Shewasapainter.B.Shewasacommunityleader.C.Shewasamuseumdirector.D.Shewasajournalist.42.Whydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?A.Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.B.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.C.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman.D.Shemistookhimforatourguide.43.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall?A.Puzzled. B.Concerned.C.Frightened. D.Delighted.44.WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?A.Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.B.Shewastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.C.TheMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.D.Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.45.Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.D.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.【答案】41.A42.D43.A44.D45.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段WhenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.可知，MarianMcNay一名水彩画家。故选A。42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段"MayIhelpyou?"amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.”Tourguidesgotonmynerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy(爱窥探的),keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?（大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，眼睛不停的好奇的看着我。他们有什么问题？）可以推断出，作者当时感到困惑不解。故选A。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者着墨点主要在叙述参观误当成McNay博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馆叙述一带而过。故选D。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Beforeyoucameover,IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.可知，在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围的美而不见。故选C。【点睛】本文是叙事性的文章，文章有一定的趣味性，整体难度中等，考查主要以细节理解和推理判断两类题型。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如小题3中考查作者被人盯着看的感受，我们需要找到文章中作者的措词nosy，curiosity和problem，可以推断出作者当时非常困惑不解的心理感受。C（2016年，天津，C）WhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim.Hisparentsalwayshadhimweedingthegarden,carryingoutthegarbageanddeliveringnewspapers.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodplaymates.Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofall,hewashappier.Farhappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudythatfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhohadworkedasboysenjoyedhappierandmoreproductivelivesthanthosewhohadnot.＂Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(能力)andcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety,＂saidGeorgeVaillant,thepsychologist(心理学家)whomadethediscovery.＂Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem.＂Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesingreatdetail.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenhaddoneasboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswassurprisinglysharp.Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclassmadenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working—atanyage—isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence—theunderpinnings(基础)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustcooperateandworktowardcommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolstoyoncesaid,＂Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork.＂46.WhatdoweknowaboutJohn?A.Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.B.Hehadfewchildhoodplaymates.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily.D.Hewasenviedbyothersinhischildhood.47.Vaillant’swordsinParagraph2serveas.A.adescriptionofpersonalvaluesandsocialvaluesB.ananalysisofhowworkwasrelatedtocompetenceC.anexampleforparents’expectationsoftheirchildrenD.anexplanationwhysomeboysgrewintohappymen48.Vaillant’steamobtainedtheirfindingsby.A.recordingtheboys’effortinschoolB.evaluatingthemen’smentalhealthC.comparingdifferentsetsofscoresD.measuringthemen’sproblemsolvingability49.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂sharp＂probablymeaninParagraph4?A.Quicktoreact. B.Havingathinedge.C.Clearanddefinite. D.Suddenandrapid.50.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Competentadultsknowmoreaboutlovethanwork.B.Emotionalhealthisessentialtoawonderfuladultlife.C.Lovebringsmorejoytopeoplethanworkdoes.D.Independenceisthekeytoone’ssuccess.【答案】46.A47.D48.C49.C50.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过John的例子结合一个研究发现说明童年时期帮助做一些家务的孩子长大后会更快乐，更成功。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的句子Hehadmorejobsatisfaction,abettermarriageandwashealthier.，可知，他的工作满意度更高，婚姻更美满，身体也更健康。所以John对他的事业和婚姻很满意。故选A。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的句子Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetenceandcametofeeltheywereworthwhilemembersofsociety可知，在家庭或社区工作的男孩获得足以过温饱生活的收入，并开始觉得自己是有价值的社会成员。由此判断出第二段Vaillant的话是解释为什么一些男孩成长为快乐的人。故选D。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的句子Theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores，可知，Vaillant的团队获得他们的发现是通过对比不同的得分。故选C。【49题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段的Thosewhohaddonethemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithawidevarietyofpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaid.可知，那些在男孩时期参加过最多活动的人，与各种各样的人保持亲密关系的可能性是其他人的两倍，获得高薪的可能性是其他人的五倍。所以这些人在孩子的时候做的事情和他们成人后是怎样的人之间的关联是确定），所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，这里sharp的意思是明确的，一定的。故选C。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的句子Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtoolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork，可知，如果一个人懂得如何工作，懂得如何去爱，懂得为所爱的人工作，懂得爱自己的工作，那么他就能在这个世界上活得很精彩。由此判断出情感健康对精彩的成年人的生活至关重要。故选B。D（2013年天津，D）Whenaskedabouthappiness,weusuallythinkofsomethingextraordinary,anabsolutedelight,whichseemstogetrarertheolderweget.Forkids,happinesshasamagicalquality.Theirdelightatwinningaraceorgettinganewbikeisunreserved(毫无掩饰的).Intheteenageyearstheconceptofhappinesschanges.Suddenlyit’sconditionalonsuchthingsasexcitement,loveandpopularity.Icanstillrecalltheexcitementofbeinginvitedtodancewiththemostattractiveboyattheschoolparty.Inadulthoodthethingsthatbringdeepjoy—love,marriage,birth—alsobringresponsibilityandtheriskofloss.Foradults,happinessiscomplicated(复杂的).Mydefinitionofhappinessis“thecapacityforenjoyment”.Themorewecanenjoywhatwehave,thehappierweare.It’seasytooverlookthepleasurewegetfromthecompanyoffriends,thefreedomtolivewhereweplease,andevengoodhealth.Iexperiencedmylittlemomentsofpleasureyesterday.FirstIwasoverjoyedwhenIshutthelastlunch-boxandhadthehousetomyself.ThenIspentanuninterruptedmorningwriting,whichIlove.Whenthekidsandmyhusbandcomehome,Ienjoyedtheirnoiseafterthequietoftheday.Psychologiststellusthattobehappyweneedamixofenjoyableleisuretimeandsatisfyingwork.Idon’tthinkthatmygrandmother,whoraised14children,hadmuchofeither.Shedidhaveanetworkofclosefriendsandfamily,andmaybethiswhatsatisfiedher.We,however,withsomanychoicesandsuchpressuretosucceedineveryarea,haveturnedhappinessintoonemorethingwe’vegottohave.We’resoself-consciousaboutour“right”toitthatit’smakingusmiserable.Sowechaseitandequalitwithwealthandsuccess,withoutnoticingthatthepeoplewhohavethosethingsaren’tnecessarilyhappier.Happinessisn’taboutwhathappensto—it’sabouthowweseewhathappenstous.It’stheskillfulwayoffindingapositiveforeverynegative.It’snotwishingforwhatwedon’thave,butenjoyingwhatwedopossess.51.Aspeoplegrowolder,they____.A.feelithardertoexperiencehappinessB.associatetheirha