2024-2025学年下学期高中英语选修一第二单元B卷

第23页（共23页）选修一Unit2B卷一．完形填空（共1小题）1．Marsisnot，itseems，thedryoldplanetweoncebelieved（1）.Astronautswhoare（2）togothereinthenextdecademayfindplentyofwaterto（3）theirthirst.Andwithwaterpresent，the（4）offindingsomesortoflifeofMarsare（5）brighter.Thisistheviewoffortygeologistswhohavebeenanalysing（6）ofpicturesandotherscientific（7）obtainedbyrobotexplorersinthesixtiesandseventies.Tobeginwith，scientiststhoughttheredplanetwasas（8）astheMoon（9）duststormsswirlingovervastsandy（10）.Butnowthepictureisvery（11）withmountainsandvalleyscarvedby（12）glaciersandriversrushingandrumblingdeepunderground.InareportontheanalysisoftheMartianpictures，DrMichaelCaroftheUSGeologicalSurveycomments，"Iamconvinced（13）lotsofwateronMars."Anysurfacewaterwillbeinthe（14）ofice.Butitcouldsaveexplorersfrom（15）totakesomuch（16）withthem.Thereportsays（17）Marsprobablyhadawarmerclimateinages（18）duetoitsaxis（轴）havingbeenmoretilted（倾斜）towardsthesun.（19）signsofplantoranimallifehavebeen（20）byinstrumentslandedonMars，thoughthelandingvehicleshavebeensentthereforafewyears.（1）A．itisB．itC．ittobeD．was（2）A．expectedB．hopedC．requiredD．sent（3）A．bringaboutB．getridofC．bringinD．getawaywith（4）A．chancesB．openingsC．occasionsD．possibility（5）A．quiteB．veryC．muchD．more（6）A．afewB．manyC．thousandD．thousands（7）A．skillsB．newsC．intelligenceD．information（8）A．peacefulB．quietC．lifelessD．dead（9）A．ofB．withC．forD．through（10）A．desertsB．mountainsC．riversD．seas（11）A．difficultB．easyC．sameD．different（12）A．energeticB．greatC．heavyD．powerful（13）A．there'sB．there'reC．here'sD．here're（14）A．appearanceB．wayC．formD．shape（15）A．haveB．havingC．carryD．carrying（16）A．waterB．iceC．equipmentD．oxygen（17）A．whatB．ifC．howD．that（18）A．passB．pastC．agoD．before（19）A．NotB．NoC．NorD．Never（20）A．approvedB．draggedC．supposedD．detected二．阅读理解（共2小题）2．Somehospitalsareusingrobotsformedicalassistance.Robotnursesperformavarietyoftaskssuchasdeliveringmedicine，foodandlaboratorysamplestosickroomsandtakingawaywaste.Patientsaren'ttreatedbyrobots，asthisisstilldonebymedicalstaff.Theideaistoemployrobotstotransportsuppliesbetweendepartments."Nursesoftenhavetobreakofffromwhattheyaredoingtogathersupplies，"saysPeterSeiff，whomakestherobotscalledTUGs.Researchshowsanyinterruptioninmedicalworkcanleadtoerrors﹣anursemayforgetwhethershehasgivenmedicineandmaygiveapatientdoublethedoseornoneatall.Therobotsvaryinsizeaccordingtowhatjobtheyperform，butnormallylaketheshapeofametalboxonwheels，withaboxonthesidecontainingtheirsoftware.Afterbeingprogrammed，therobotsareabletofindtheirwayaroundahospitalunassisted.Theyalsocontainscanningtechnologytocreateelectronicpicturesora"memory"ofroutesontheirharddrivestohelpthemgothroughpassages，doorsandotherobstacles.Eachrobotisalsomonitoredattheproducer'sheadquartersincaseitrunsintoanydifficulties.TrialsshowTUGsreducethetimeittakesforapatienttoreceivemedicine，andstopdrugsfromgoingmissing.Totheoverloadedmedicalstaff，thenewrobotsareundoubtedlyaknightinshiningarmour."Thebiggestcomplaintswereceivefrompatientsisthatthenursesdon'tspendenoughtimewiththem，"saysKatherineMulligan，directorofnursingatthehospital."TheTUGsallownursestospendmoretimefocusingonpatientcare.Nursesatisfactionhasimproved."（1）Whatcanwelearnabouttherobotnursesfromthetext？A．Theywillsubstitutehumannursesoneday.B．Theyarenotwellreceivedbythepatientsatall.C．Theystopfunctioningwhentheyrunintoanydifficulties.D．Theyrelievehumannursestospendmoretimewithpatients.（2）Whatdoestheexpression"aknightinshiningarmour"inthelastparagraphmean？A．Someonefullofimagination.B．Someonepopularwithpatients.C．Someonealwaysreadytoofferhelp.D．Someonegraduatingfrommedicalcollege.（3）Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardstherobotnurses？A．Suspicious.B．Enthusiastic.C．Indifferent.D．Cautious.3．Trafficjamsandcities，itseems，gohandinhand.Everyonecomplainsaboutbeingstuckintraffic，but，liketheweather，nooneseemstodoanythingaboutit.Inparticular，trafficengineers，transportationplanners，andpublicofficialsresponsiblefortransportationsystemsinlargecitiesarefrequentlycriticizedforfailingtosolvethetrafficjam.Butisthetrafficjamsignoffailure？Longqueuesatrestaurantsortheaterboxofficesareseenassignsofsuccess.Shouldtransportationsystemsbeviewedanydifferently？Ithinkweshouldrecognizethatthetrafficjamisanunpreventableby﹣product﹣（副产品）ofsuccessfulcities，andviewthe"trafficproblem"inadifferentlight.Citiesexistbecausetheyimprovesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.Thetrafficjamoccurswheretherearelotsofpeoplebutlimitedspace.Culturallyandeconomicallysuccessfulcitieshavetheworsttrafficproblems，whiledecayingcitiesdon'thavemuchtraffic.NewYorkandLosAngelesareAmerica'smostcrowdedcities.Butifyouwantaccesstomajorbrokeragehouses（经纪行），youwillfindthemeasiertoreachincrowdedNewYorkthaninanyotherlargecities.Andifyourcompanyneedsaccesstopost﹣productionfilmeditorsorsatellite﹣guidanceengineers，youwillreachthemmorequicklythroughthecrowdedfreewaysofLAthanthroughlesscrowdedroadselsewhere.Despitethetrafficjam，alargeramountofsocialcommunicationandeconomictradecanbemadebetterinlarge，crowdedcitiesthanelsewhere.Seeninthislight，thetrafficjamisanunfortunateresultofprosperity（繁荣），notacauseoftheeconomicfallandurbandecay.Sowhilewecanconsiderthetrafficjamasincreasingcostintheareasofbigcities，thecostofinaccessibilityinuncrowdedplacesisalmostcertainlygreater.ThereisnodoubtthatthetrafficjambringstheterribleeconomicandenvironmentaldamageinplaceslikeBangkok，Jakarta，andLagos.Butmobility（流动性）isfarhigherandtrafficjamlevelsarefarlowerhereintheUS，eveninourmostcrowdedcities.That'swhy，fornow，wedon'tseepeopleandcapitalstreamingoutofSanFranciscoandChicago，headingforcitieslikeElCentroandMcAllen.（1）Wecanconcludefromthefirstparagraphthat.A．thetrafficjamandweatherarethetwofactorspreventingthedevelopmentofbigcitiesB．thetrafficjamseemstobeverydifficulttodealwithC．iftrafficengineerstrytheirbest，thetrafficjamcanbesolvedD．publicofficialsarealwayscriticizedformisusingtheirpower（2）Bysaying"decaying"（inPara.3），theauthorprobablymeans.A．lesspowerfulandinfluentialB．developingC．richandsuccessfulD．small﹣sized（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？A．ThetrafficjamhascausedterribleeffectsincitiessuchasBangkokandLagos.B．ThetrafficjaminSanFranciscohasresultedinthecapitalflowingout.C．ThetrafficjamlevelinJakartaislowerthanthatintheUS.D．McAllenisascrowdedandsuccessfulasSanFrancisco.（4）What'stheauthor'sopiniononthetrafficjam？A．Incities，thetrafficjamisavoidable.B．Thetrafficjamisbothasignoffailureandasignofsuccess.C．Thetrafficjamistheresultofsuccessfulcities.D．Thetrafficjamcanpromotesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.三．信息匹配（共1小题）4．Thefutureinsci﹣fimoviesseemssoclose，yetsofaraway.Delightfully，5Gtechnologymakesthatfuturelookeasilyachievable.Schools，hospitals，transportation，factories﹣evenourhomeswillsoonusethispowerfulwirelessnetwork.Lastyear，Chinastartedtesting5Gmobilenetworksinitsseveralcities.Sowhatis5G？It'sthelatestgenerationofcellular（蜂窝状的）networktechnology.（1）5G'sbenefitsmainlycomefromspeedandconnectivity（连接）.（2）PeoplewillbeabletousetheInternetatamuchgreaterspeedthanbefore.Imaginebeingabletodownloadanentiremovieinjustafewseconds!That'showfast5Gwillbe.（3）Forexample，oneofthebiggestproblemswithdevelopingdriverlesscarsisthedelaybetweensendingasignalandreceivingit.Driverlesscarsmustbeabletoreactinstantlytosuddenchangesintheirenvironment，suchasadogrunningacrosstheroad.Thiswillrequirethesecarstosendandreceivehugeamountsofdatawithinmilliseconds（毫秒）.（4）Itwillalsoallowdoctorstoperformoperationsremotely，usingrobots.Therobotswillrespondmorequicklytothedoctors'movements.Sowhatabout5G'sconnectivity？（5）.Imaginehavingasmarthomethatautomaticallyturnsthelightsonwhenyouopenyourfrontdoor."Newthingsbecomepossiblewhenyoucanmoveinformationatamassivescale，"GordonSmith，CEOoftelecomequipmentresellerSagent，toldTheTelegraph."5Gbecomesthegreatenabler."A.Wemaydevelop"smart"environmentswithit.B.Suchspeedhelpsothertechnologies，too.C.5Gwillmakethispossible.D.Itconnectspeople'slivesinvariousways.E.Itisfasterandmorestablethan4G，thepreviousgeneration.F.With5G，peoplecanconvenientlysolvemanyproblems.G.Theadvantageofhigherspeedsisobvious.四．语法填空（共1小题）5．Therearemanybeautifultreasuresthatpeoplecanreceivefromnature，（1）（其中有天然染料）.Themostcommonnaturalsource，（2）（天然染料来自），isplants.Materialsformakingnaturaldyes（染料）canoftenbefoundingardens（3）（五彩缤纷的花被种植在那里）.Othernaturaldyesaremadefrominsects，seacreaturesandmineralcompounds.Naturaldyesarenowreturningtopopularity，especiallywithartistsandcraftspeople.Thereasons，（4）（他们更喜欢天然染料的原因），arethatthecolorsarebrighterandcanbekeptlonger.Naturaldyesarealsobecomingmorepopularwithconsumers（5）（对他们来说爱护环境是极其重要的）.Moreandmorepeoplefeelthatbyusingnaturaldyes，wecanremindourselvesofnature'sbeautyandprotectthenaturalworld.五．单词拼写（共5小题）6．Theoldcoupleliveina（偏远的）village.7．Turnoffatthe（路标）fortheEast71stStreetexit.8．（2020秋•朝阳区校级期末）Manypeopleexpressedastrong（偏爱）fortheoriginalplan.9．Noonecanpredicthowmuchdamagetheradiation（渗漏）willcausetotheenvironment.10．（2022秋•汶上县校级月考）Wemayleaveandmovetoanotherplanetinthe（遥远的）future.六．书面表达（共1小题）11．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。MotherandIspentmorningscleaningupthedirtthatblewintoourhouse.Mothersaidallthedustwasduetothedrought，notonlyhereinourvillagebutalloverthegreatplainsThedirtcoveredeverything.WhenmysisterAmy，andIwalkedtoschool，weworekerchiefs（方头巾）overourmouthssothatwedidn'tbreatheinthedirt.Whentheairqualitywassobadthattheschoolwasclosed，westayedathomeandhelpedMotherputwetsheetsoverthewindows，butthedirtalwaysfoundawayin.LastSunday，therewasnodirtintheair，onlybrightsunshineandaclearbluesky.Afterbreakfast，FatherheadedouttothefarmtocheckonthecattlewhileMotherstarteddoingsomewashing.AmyandIplayedintheyard.Surprisingly，thetemperaturesuddenlydropped.ThenMothershoutedfromthehouse，"ChristineyouandAmygetinside，quick，now!"Ilookedtowardsthewestandsawahugeblackcloud.Allthebirdsflewaway."Amy，gowithMother！"Ishouted，"I'llwarnFather."Amyrantowardsthehouse.ThestormhitsofastandIbarelysawherclimbthesteps.Inaninstantthedayturnedintonight.Istumbled（绊倒）overourbicyclesleftcarelesslyintheyard.Iscreamed，hopingmyvoicewouldleadFatherback.Thedirtandsandstung（刺痛）myskinlikeathousandbees.Ineededtogettoashelter.Coveringmyfacewithonehand，Imovedtowardsourcarwhichwasparkedintheyardandopenedthedoor.DirtflewinwithmeasIclosedthedoor.Fatherwasstilloutthere！Ineededtohelphimfindthecar.Isearchedthedashboard（仪表板）andfoundtheswitchforthefrontlightsWouldFatherseetheminthedarkness？Washesafe？Ipushedthehorn（喇叭）againandagain，hopingFatherwouldhearit.IpusheduntilIhadnomorestrengthinmyarms.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Suddenly，Father'sfaceappearedatthewindow._____Finally，thewindstoppedandthedustbegantosettle.________七．词汇应用（共1小题）12．switchoff，berelevantto，intheabsenceof，keeptrackof，ratherthan，respondto，leadto，keepintouchwith（1）HehashisfriendsusingFacebookinthepasttenyears.（2）Itwasthedriver'scarelessnessthattheaccidentlastnight.（3）Don'tforgettotheradiobeforeyouleave.（4）Historyisthebestteacher.Itfaithfullythedevelopmentpathofeachcountryandforetellsthefuturetous.（5）Extremeweatherismostlikelytoglobalwarming.（6）However，learningEnglishisverydifficultanativelanguageenvironment.

选修一Unit2B卷参考答案与试题解析一．完形填空（共1小题）1．Marsisnot，itseems，thedryoldplanetweoncebelieved（1）C.Astronautswhoare（2）Atogothereinthenextdecademayfindplentyofwaterto（3）Btheirthirst.Andwithwaterpresent，the（4）AoffindingsomesortoflifeofMarsare（5）Cbrighter.Thisistheviewoffortygeologistswhohavebeenanalysing（6）Dofpicturesandotherscientific（7）Dobtainedbyrobotexplorersinthesixtiesandseventies.Tobeginwith，scientiststhoughttheredplanetwasas（8）CastheMoon（9）Bduststormsswirlingovervastsandy（10）A.Butnowthepictureisvery（11）Dwithmountainsandvalleyscarvedby（12）Dglaciersandriversrushingandrumblingdeepunderground.InareportontheanalysisoftheMartianpictures，DrMichaelCaroftheUSGeologicalSurveycomments，"Iamconvinced（13）AlotsofwateronMars."Anysurfacewaterwillbeinthe（14）Cofice.Butitcouldsaveexplorersfrom（15）Dtotakesomuch（16）Awiththem.Thereportsays（17）DMarsprobablyhadawarmerclimateinages（18）Bduetoitsaxis（轴）havingbeenmoretilted（倾斜）towardsthesun.（19）Bsignsofplantoranimallifehavebeen（20）DbyinstrumentslandedonMars，thoughthelandingvehicleshavebeensentthereforafewyears.（1）A．itisB．itC．ittobeD．was（2）A．expectedB．hopedC．requiredD．sent（3）A．bringaboutB．getridofC．bringinD．getawaywith（4）A．chancesB．openingsC．occasionsD．possibility（5）A．quiteB．veryC．muchD．more（6）A．afewB．manyC．thousandD．thousands（7）A．skillsB．newsC．intelligenceD．information（8）A．peacefulB．quietC．lifelessD．dead（9）A．ofB．withC．forD．through（10）A．desertsB．mountainsC．riversD．seas（11）A．difficultB．easyC．sameD．different（12）A．energeticB．greatC．heavyD．powerful（13）A．there'sB．there'reC．here'sD．here're（14）A．appearanceB．wayC．formD．shape（15）A．haveB．havingC．carryD．carrying（16）A．waterB．iceC．equipmentD．oxygen（17）A．whatB．ifC．howD．that（18）A．passB．pastC．agoD．before（19）A．NotB．NoC．NorD．Never（20）A．approvedB．draggedC．supposedD．detected【答案】（1）﹣（5）CABAC（6）﹣（10）DDCBA（11）﹣（15）DDACD（16）﹣（20）ADBBD【分析】本文是一篇科普知识类说明文。文章讲述了科学家研究发现，火星有望发现新生命的存在。【解答】（1）C.考查固定用法及语境理解。A.itis它是；B.it它；C.ittobe它将是；D.was是。根据新的资料显示，火星似乎并不像我们过去认为的那么干燥。it代替前面的专有名词Mars；tobe为不定式的省略，其后面省略了dry。故答案为C。（2）A.考查动词及语境理解。A.expected期望；B.hoped希望；C.required要求；D.sent发送。预计在未来十年内前往那里的宇航员可能会找到充足的水来解渴。expectsbtodosth表示"期待某人做某事"。这里用其被动形式：sbbeexpectedtodosth表示"某人被期待做某事"。故答案为A。（3）B.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.bringabout带来；B.getridof去除；C.bringin引入，采用；D.getawaywith（做坏事）不受惩罚。预计在未来十年内前往那里的宇航员可能会找到充足的水来解渴。故答案为B。（4）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.chances机会；B.openings开端；C.occasions场合；D.possibility可能性。随着水的出现，在火星上面找到某种生命的机会就变得更加明朗了。故答案为A。（5）C.考查副词及语境理解。A.quite相当，十分；B.very非常；C.much许多；D.more更多。随着水的出现，在火星上面找到某种生命的机会就变得更加明朗了此处的much用来修饰比较级，其他选项都不能修饰比较级，但quitebetter除外。故答案为C。（6）D.考查固定短语及语境理解。A.afew一些；B.many许多；C.thousand千；D.thousands成千的。thousandsof用复数形式表示不确定的数字，意为"数以千计的"，后接复数名词；afewof后接"限定词+复数名词"，意为"某（固定）范围内的一些"；manyof后接"限定词+复数名词"，意为"某（固定）范围内的许多"。故答案为D。（7）D.考查名词及语境理解。A.skills技巧；B.news新闻；C.intelligence智力；D.information信息。根据前文Thisistheviewoffortygeologistswhohavebeenanalysingofpictures可知，在六七十年代，机器人探测到的其他科学信息。故答案为D。（8）C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.peaceful和平的；B.quiet安静的；C.lifeless无生命的；D.dead死的。刚开始的时候，科学家们认为这颗红色的行星像月球一样没有生命。故答案为C。（9）B.考查介词及语境理解。A.of……的；B.with和；C.for为了；D.through通过。此处为"with+名词/代词+不定式/分词/形容词/副词/介词短语等"构成的复合结构作状语。故答案为B。（10）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.deserts沙漠；B.mountains高山；C.rivers河流；D.seas大海。根据前文duststormsswirlingovervastsandy可知，尘暴在广袤的沙漠（desert）上旋转。故答案为A。（11）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.difficult困难的；B.easy容易的；C.same同样的；D.different不同的。根据前文Butnow可知，现在的图画与原来非常不一样了。故答案为D。（12）D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.energetic精力充沛的；B.great伟大的；C.heavy沉的；D.powerful强大的。这里用powerful形容冰河对山谷冲刷的威力巨大。故答案为D。（13）A.考查固定用法及语境理解。A.there's那有；B.there're那有；C.here's这是；D.here're这是。此句用的是"therebe"结构，其后面的名词water为不可数名词，故谓语动词用单数形式。故答案为A。（14）C.考查名词及语境理解。A.appearance出现；B.way道路，方式；C.form形式；D.shape形状。词组intheformof意为"以……的形式"。此句意思是"任何表面上的水将以冰的形式存在"。故答案为C。（15）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.have有；B.having有；C.carry携带；D.carrying携带。水的存在使探险者们不用随身携带大量的水。from为介词，后面接动词﹣ing形式。故答案为D。（16）A.考查名词及语境理解。A.water水；B.ice冰；C.equipment设备；D.oxygen氧气。根据前文lotsofwateronMars可知，水的存在使探险者们不用随身携带大量的水。故答案为A。（17）D.考查连词及语境理解。A.what什么；B.if是否；C.how如何；D.that无词义。报告说由于火星的轴在过去的岁月中更倾斜于太阳，那时火星的气候可能比现在暖和。此处that引导一个宾语从句，其本身在宾语从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何意义，仅起连接的作用。故答案为D。（18）B.考查动词/副词及语境理解。A.pass通过；B.past过去的；C.ago以前；D.before在……之前。报告说由于火星的轴在过去的岁月中更倾斜于太阳，那时火星的气候可能比现在暖和。inagespast表示"在过去的岁月中"。故答案为B。（19）B.考查形容词/副词及语境理解。A.Not不；B.No没有；C.Nor也不；D.Never绝不。登陆火星的仪器没有发现植物或动物生命的迹象，尽管登陆飞行器已经被派往火星好几年了。no为形容词，等于"nota/notany"，表示"没有"，后接名词。故答案为B。（20）D.考查动词及语境理解。A.approved赞成；B.dragged拖拉；C.supposed假定，假设；D.detected探测。登陆火星的仪器没有发现植物或动物生命的迹象，尽管登陆飞行器已经被派往火星好几年了。故答案为D。【点评】完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时，要先通读全文，掌握大意，然后结合选项，仔细阅读文章，选择最适合语境的词，注意上下文的呼应及语境。二．阅读理解（共2小题）2．Somehospitalsareusingrobotsformedicalassistance.Robotnursesperformavarietyoftaskssuchasdeliveringmedicine，foodandlaboratorysamplestosickroomsandtakingawaywaste.Patientsaren'ttreatedbyrobots，asthisisstilldonebymedicalstaff.Theideaistoemployrobotstotransportsuppliesbetweendepartments."Nursesoftenhavetobreakofffromwhattheyaredoingtogathersupplies，"saysPeterSeiff，whomakestherobotscalledTUGs.Researchshowsanyinterruptioninmedicalworkcanleadtoerrors﹣anursemayforgetwhethershehasgivenmedicineandmaygiveapatientdoublethedoseornoneatall.Therobotsvaryinsizeaccordingtowhatjobtheyperform，butnormallylaketheshapeofametalboxonwheels，withaboxonthesidecontainingtheirsoftware.Afterbeingprogrammed，therobotsareabletofindtheirwayaroundahospitalunassisted.Theyalsocontainscanningtechnologytocreateelectronicpicturesora"memory"ofroutesontheirharddrivestohelpthemgothroughpassages，doorsandotherobstacles.Eachrobotisalsomonitoredattheproducer'sheadquartersincaseitrunsintoanydifficulties.TrialsshowTUGsreducethetimeittakesforapatienttoreceivemedicine，andstopdrugsfromgoingmissing.Totheoverloadedmedicalstaff，thenewrobotsareundoubtedlyaknightinshiningarmour."Thebiggestcomplaintswereceivefrompatientsisthatthenursesdon'tspendenoughtimewiththem，"saysKatherineMulligan，directorofnursingatthehospital."TheTUGsallownursestospendmoretimefocusingonpatientcare.Nursesatisfactionhasimproved."（1）Whatcanwelearnabouttherobotnursesfromthetext？DA．Theywillsubstitutehumannursesoneday.B．Theyarenotwellreceivedbythepatientsatall.C．Theystopfunctioningwhentheyrunintoanydifficulties.D．Theyrelievehumannursestospendmoretimewithpatients.（2）Whatdoestheexpression"aknightinshiningarmour"inthelastparagraphmean？CA．Someonefullofimagination.B．Someonepopularwithpatients.C．Someonealwaysreadytoofferhelp.D．Someonegraduatingfrommedicalcollege.（3）Whatisthewriter'sattitudetowardstherobotnurses？BA．Suspicious.B．Enthusiastic.C．Indifferent.D．Cautious.【答案】DCB【分析】本文为说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了实验表明"机器人护士"表现良好，大大减低了病人对于护士没有足够时间照顾他们的不满。【解答】（1）D．推理判断题。根据第一段Somehospitalsareusingrobotsformedicalassistance.Robotnursesperformavarietyoftaskssuchasdeliveringmedicine，foodandlaboratorysamplestosickroomsandtakingawaywaste.Patientsaren'ttreatedbyrobots，asthisisstilldonebymedicalstaff.Theideaistoemployrobotstotransportsuppliesbetweendepartments.（一些医院正在使用机器人进行医疗救助。机器人护士执行各种任务，如将药品、食品和实验室样品送到病房，并带走废物。病人不是由机器人治疗的，因为这仍然是由医务人员完成的。这个想法是利用机器人在部门之间运输物资。）可知机器人护士减轻了人类护士的工作，可以和患者相处更长的时间。故选D。（2）C．推理判断题。根据划线词所在句子Totheoverloadedmedicalstaff，thenewrobotsareundoubtedlyaknightinshiningarmour."（对于超负荷的医护人员来说，这些新机器人无疑是一位身穿闪亮盔甲的骑士。"）可知，"aknightinshiningarmour"意为"愿意帮忙的人"。A.Someonefullofimagination充满想象的人；B.Someonepopularwithpatients受病人欢迎的人；C.Someonealwaysreadytoofferhelp乐于提供帮助的人；D.Someonegraduatingfrommedicalcollege毕业于医学院的人。故选C。（3）B．观点态度题。根据最后一段TheTUGsallownursestospendmoretimefocusingonpatientcare.Nursesatisfactionhasimproved（TUGs让护士们有更多的时间专注于患者护理。护士满意度有所提高）可知作者对机器人护士的态度是有热情的。A.Suspicious怀疑的；B.Enthusiastic有热情的；C.Indifferent不以为然的；D.Cautious谨慎的。故选B。【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3．Trafficjamsandcities，itseems，gohandinhand.Everyonecomplainsaboutbeingstuckintraffic，but，liketheweather，nooneseemstodoanythingaboutit.Inparticular，trafficengineers，transportationplanners，andpublicofficialsresponsiblefortransportationsystemsinlargecitiesarefrequentlycriticizedforfailingtosolvethetrafficjam.Butisthetrafficjamsignoffailure？Longqueuesatrestaurantsortheaterboxofficesareseenassignsofsuccess.Shouldtransportationsystemsbeviewedanydifferently？Ithinkweshouldrecognizethatthetrafficjamisanunpreventableby﹣product﹣（副产品）ofsuccessfulcities，andviewthe"trafficproblem"inadifferentlight.Citiesexistbecausetheyimprovesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.Thetrafficjamoccurswheretherearelotsofpeoplebutlimitedspace.Culturallyandeconomicallysuccessfulcitieshavetheworsttrafficproblems，whiledecayingcitiesdon'thavemuchtraffic.NewYorkandLosAngelesareAmerica'smostcrowdedcities.Butifyouwantaccesstomajorbrokeragehouses（经纪行），youwillfindthemeasiertoreachincrowdedNewYorkthaninanyotherlargecities.Andifyourcompanyneedsaccesstopost﹣productionfilmeditorsorsatellite﹣guidanceengineers，youwillreachthemmorequicklythroughthecrowdedfreewaysofLAthanthroughlesscrowdedroadselsewhere.Despitethetrafficjam，alargeramountofsocialcommunicationandeconomictradecanbemadebetterinlarge，crowdedcitiesthanelsewhere.Seeninthislight，thetrafficjamisanunfortunateresultofprosperity（繁荣），notacauseoftheeconomicfallandurbandecay.Sowhilewecanconsiderthetrafficjamasincreasingcostintheareasofbigcities，thecostofinaccessibilityinuncrowdedplacesisalmostcertainlygreater.ThereisnodoubtthatthetrafficjambringstheterribleeconomicandenvironmentaldamageinplaceslikeBangkok，Jakarta，andLagos.Butmobility（流动性）isfarhigherandtrafficjamlevelsarefarlowerhereintheUS，eveninourmostcrowdedcities.That'swhy，fornow，wedon'tseepeopleandcapitalstreamingoutofSanFranciscoandChicago，headingforcitieslikeElCentroandMcAllen.（1）WecanconcludefromthefirstparagraphthatB.A．thetrafficjamandweatherarethetwofactorspreventingthedevelopmentofbigcitiesB．thetrafficjamseemstobeverydifficulttodealwithC．iftrafficengineerstrytheirbest，thetrafficjamcanbesolvedD．publicofficialsarealwayscriticizedformisusingtheirpower（2）Bysaying"decaying"（inPara.3），theauthorprobablymeansA.A．lesspowerfulandinfluentialB．developingC．richandsuccessfulD．small﹣sized（3）Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph？AA．ThetrafficjamhascausedterribleeffectsincitiessuchasBangkokandLagos.B．ThetrafficjaminSanFranciscohasresultedinthecapitalflowingout.C．ThetrafficjamlevelinJakartaislowerthanthatintheUS.D．McAllenisascrowdedandsuccessfulasSanFrancisco.（4）What'stheauthor'sopiniononthetrafficjam？CA．Incities，thetrafficjamisavoidable.B．Thetrafficjamisbothasignoffailureandasignofsuccess.C．Thetrafficjamistheresultofsuccessfulcities.D．Thetrafficjamcanpromotesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.【答案】BAAC【分析】本文是一篇社会文化类阅读，文章主要介绍了交通阻塞与城市的发展密不可分，是城市成功发展不可遏止的副产品。而且交通堵塞给很多地方带来了严重的经济和环境的破坏。【解答】（1）B．推理判断题。文章第一段"Trafficjamsandcities，itseems，gohandinhand.Everyonecomplainsaboutbeingstuckintraffic，but，liketheweather，nooneseemstodoanythingaboutit.Inparticular，trafficengineers，transportationplanners，andpublicofficialsresponsiblefortransportationsystemsinlargecitiesarefrequentlycriticizedforfailingtosolvethetrafficjam.交通堵塞和城市似乎是密不可分的。每个人都抱怨交通堵塞，但是，就像天气一样，似乎没人对此做点什么。特别是，交通工程师，交通规划者，以及负责大城市交通系统的政府官员，经常因为未能解决交通堵塞而受到批评。"主要讲了交通拥堵的现状，及人们对交通拥堵难以解决的抱怨。由此推断，交通堵塞似乎很难处理。故选B．（2）A.猜测词义题。由该词所在句子"Culturallyandeconomicallysuccessfulcitieshavetheworsttrafficproblems，whiledecayingcitiesdon'thavemuchtraffic.在文化和经济上成功的城市交通问题最严重，而衰退的城市交通不多。"中的while（而，却）表对比可知，decay的意思应与successful相对。A.lesspowerfulandinfluential权力和影响力较小；B.developing发展；C.richandsuccessful富有而成功；D.small﹣sized小型。故选A．（3）A．细节理解题。根据最后一段ThereisnodoubtthattrafficjambringstheterribleeconomicandenvironmentaldamageinplaceslikeBangkok，Jakarta，andLagos.毫无疑问，交通堵塞给曼谷、雅加达、拉各斯等地带来了严重的经济和环境破坏。结合选项，A项：TrafficjamhascausedterriblebadeffectsincitiessuchasBangkokandLagos.交通堵塞在曼谷和拉各斯等城市造成了严重的不良影响；符合最后一段的内容。故选A．（4）C．观点态度题。根据第二段Ithinkweshouldrecognizethattrafficjamisanunpreventableby﹣productofsuccessfulcities，andviewthe"trafficproblem"inadifferentlight.我认为我们应该认识到交通堵塞是成功城市无法避免的副产品，并从另一个角度看待"交通问题"。可知交通堵塞是成功的城市不可避免的副产品。由此可知，作者对交通拥堵的看法是它是成功城市的结果。故选C．【点评】1．直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。2．间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3．综合信息题：综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。三．信息匹配（共1小题）4．Thefutureinsci﹣fimoviesseemssoclose，yetsofaraway.Delightfully，5Gtechnologymakesthatfuturelookeasilyachievable.Schools，hospitals，transportation，factories﹣evenourhomeswillsoonusethispowerfulwirelessnetwork.Lastyear，Chinastartedtesting5Gmobilenetworksinitsseveralcities.Sowhatis5G？It'sthelatestgenerationofcellular（蜂窝状的）networktechnology.（1）E5G'sbenefitsmainlycomefromspeedandconnectivity（连接）.（2）GPeoplewillbeabletousetheInternetatamuchgreaterspeedthanbefore.Imaginebeingabletodownloadanentiremovieinjustafewseconds!That'showfast5Gwillbe.（3）FForexample，oneofthebiggestproblemswithdevelopingdr