冲刺2025年高考大题突破得高分系列 英语05 阅读七选五(解析版)

历年考情高考英语阅读七选五说明文，主要向读者介绍知识、说明事物原理、解释操作流程或阐释社会文化现象等。文本条理清晰，常运用小标题、数字序号、逻辑连接词来组织行文，让复杂内容层次分明，方便读者理解。这类题型要求考生从七个备选项中选出五个合适的句子，填补文章空缺处，使文意连贯、逻辑顺畅，综合考查阅读理解、语篇分析及上下文衔接能力。命题规律七选五阅读文章体裁以说明文、记叙文为主。语篇模式也较为固定：依次是提出问题、分析问题、最后是提供解决方案；题目的位置也很固定：有首句、句中、末句与独立成段四种情形；题型的正确选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。若问题在段首，通常是段落主题句。若是针对段落小标题设空。其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同。选项应短小精评，多为名词词组、动名词短语或祈使向。若段落首句设空，段首句要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句。选项要有概括性。考向预测预测2025年高考阅读理解七选五试题仍然以结构鲜明的指导类说明文为主，主要考查解释说明句。1/【新课标Ⅰ卷】Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).____36____Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同义词词典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.____37____Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.____38____Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.Inaddition,Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary,pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence.Ofcourse,withits2,672pages,it'snotexactlyshort.Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.____39____However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755.makedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,"wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof"dull".____40____Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.A.Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B.Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C.ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D.Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E.Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F.Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G.Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.【答案】36.F37.B38.E39.A40.D2/【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。【36题详解】上文“Ifyouwanttobepublished,it’svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(如果你想发表，)”写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。【37题详解】上文“Idon’ttrustmylaptop’sspellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI’mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.(当然，现在有很多在线)”提到了作者更喜欢实体B选项“Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。【38题详解】下文“Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。【39题详解】下文“However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there’snothingbetter.()”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“Idon’toftenusethisdictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。【40题详解】上文“makedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,”wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)”)”“Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.3/()”“乏味”故选D项。技巧一：从细节逻辑上判断因果关系在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，判断它们之间的关系来进一步确认答案。因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有Asaresult结果，thus/therefore因此，so(such)...如此以至于等。技巧二：从细节逻辑上判断转折关系转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：However然而,nevertheless仍然，然而，不过,nonetheless尽管如此，依然，然而,still还；然而,though可是，不过，然而,yet然而,inspiteof不顾，不管,atanyrate无论如何，至少,inanycase无论如何，不管怎样,whoever无论是谁,whatever无论什么，onthecontrary正相反,incontrast与此相反,相比之下,bycontrast相反,相比之下,incomparison比较起来，比较地,bycomparison相比之下,conversely相反(地),otherwise否则；除此以外，notbut不是而是，aswell也等。技巧三：从细节逻辑上判断例证关系前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象（例子、类比等）和抽象（观点）的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳（从例子到观点）和推理（从观点到例子）。技巧四：从细节逻辑上判断递进关系递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的层进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also也,而且,further另外(的)；,furthermore而且，此外,likewise同样地，照样地；也，又,similarly相似地，类似地,moreover而且再者，此外,inaddition另外，加之,what’smore更重要的是,too也，还,either也,neither两者都不,notalso不但而且等。技巧五：从细节逻辑上判断平列关系表示列举关系的有：first首先,第一,second第二,third第三firstly第一,首先,secondly第二(点)；4/其次,thirdly第三first第一,next其次,then那么,然后inthefirstplace第一，首先,inthesecondplace第二,其次foronething首先，一则,foranotherthing其次tobeginwith首先，第一,toconclude首先，第一等技巧六：从词汇线索上判断代词英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。技巧七：从词汇线索上判断同义词近义词英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。其实就其本质而言，上文讲的代词和下文将涉及的上下义词和同一范畴词都是特殊的同义/近义词。技巧八：从词汇线索上判断上下义词同一范畴词上下义词和同一范畴词就是前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。技巧九：从试题位置上判断问题在段首假如问题出现在段首，它通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。另外着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。技巧十：从试题位置上判断问题在段尾所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。分析与前文是转折或是对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。【届河南省郑州市中原区郑州中学高三上学期月模拟预测】It’sNationalGoodNeighborDayonSeptember28.Onthisday,wedofunactivitiestobendwishownneighboringfamilies.It’sagreatwaytobreak5/theiceandbuildlong-lastingrelationshipsforcooperationdevelopment.Neighborscanmakeorbreakyourexperienceoflivinginanarea.36.Neighborsarelikeumbrellaonarainyday,lendingahelpinghandintimesofemergency.37.Theyinvitedthemtopartiesandballs,wentridingwiththem,workedontheirframe,invitedthemoverfordinner,andtookcareoftheirhomeswhenevertheywentaway.Nowadays,withbusyschedulesandtechnologicaladvancements,weneverreallycoremuchaboutorshowinterestinthefamilynextdoor.38.NationalGoodNeighborDaywasfirstcelebratedintheearly1970sbyBeckyMattsonwhowantedtoconnectwithherneighborsinMontana.Itofficiallybecameaholidayin1978,whenPresidentJimmyCartersignedaproclamation(公告)toestablishtheholiday.39asitwasrecognizedthattherewaslittlemeaningfulcommunicationamongpeopleandtherewasaneedtobringthemtogetherforthemtointeractwithoneanother.Thegovernmentbelievedhumanvaluesandconsiderationforotherswereagentialtothesystemofcivilizationanddecidedthatbeinggoodneighborstothosearounduswasthefirststeptowardhumanunderstanding.40.Now,wecelebrateNationalGoodNeighborDayonSeptember28,takingspecialtimetocareforourneighborsandformormaintainfriendships.A．AresolutionwaspassedbythegovernmentB．TheyareencouragedtoparticipateincommunityeventsC．Therefore,afixeddatewassetforGoodNeighborDayD．Beingagoodneighborhelpsusbuildsolidandlong-lastingrelationshipsE．PreviousgenerationstendedtoengagetheirneighborsinalotofactivitiesF．Thisiswhywe’velivednexttoeachotherforyearsbutstillaren’tfamiliarG．shouldappreciateourneighborsandmakeantogettoknowthem【答案】36．D37．E38．F39．A40．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“好邻节”的历史由来和意义。36．根据上文“Neighborscanmakeorbreakyourexperienceoflivinginanarea.(邻居可以成就或破坏你在一个地区的生活体验)”以及后文“Neighborsarelikeumbrellaonarainyday,lendingahelpinghandintimesofemergency.()”作用。故D选项“做一个好邻居有助于我们建立稳固而持久的关系”符合语境，故选D。37．根据本段内容“Theyinvitedthemtopartiesandballs,wentridingwiththem,workedontheirframe,invitedthemoverfordinner,andtookcareoftheirhomeswhenevertheywentaway,Nowadays,withbusyschedulesand6/technologicaladvancements,weneverreallycoremuchaboutorshowinterestinthefamilynextdoor.(他们邀请他们参加聚会和舞会，和他们一起骑马，给他们修身，邀请他们来家里吃饭，在他们离开的时候照顾他们的家。如今，由于繁忙的日程和科技的进步，我们从来没有真正关心过隔壁的家庭，也没有对他们表现出兴趣)”E选项“前几代人倾向于让他们的邻居参与许多活动”符合语境，故选E。38．根据上文“Nowadays,withbusyschedulesandtechnologicaladvancements,weneverreallycoremuchaboutorshowinterestinthefamilynextdoor.(如今，由于繁忙的日程和科技的进步，我们从来没有真正关心过或对隔壁的家庭表现出兴趣)”可知，本句与上文在语意上可以是因果关系，指出“从来没有真正关心过或对隔壁的家庭表现出兴趣”造成的结果就是彼此不熟悉，陌生。故F选项“这就是为什么我们住在一起很多年了，但仍然不熟悉”符合语境，故选F。39“Itofficiallybecameaholidayin1978,whenPresidentJimmyCartersignedaproclamation(公告)toestablishtheholiday(1978·)”以及后文“asitwasrecognizedthattherewaslittlemeaningfulcommunicationamongpeopleandtherewasaneedtobringthemtogetherforthemtointeractwithoneanother()”政府对于这一节日的认可行为，故A选项“政府通过了一项法案”符合语境，故选A。40．根据上文“Thegovernmentbelievedhumanvaluesandconsiderationforotherswereagentialtothesystemofcivilizationanddecidedthatbeinggoodneighborstothosearounduswasthefirststeptowardhumanunderstanding.(政府认为人类的价值观和为他人着想是文明体系的核心，并认为与周围的人成为好邻居是人类相互理解的第一步)”以及后文“Now,wecelebrateNationalGoodNeighborDayonSeptember28,takingspecialtimetocareforourneighborsandformormaintainfriendships.(现在，我们在9月28日庆祝全国睦邻日，)”9月28C选项“因此，好邻居日就定了一个固定的日期”C。7/Passage（1）【安徽省合肥市第一中学学年高三上学期月阶段性诊断检测】Don’tLetPersonalityDefinePersonalitytests,especiallytheMyers-Briggstypeindicator(MBT),arepopulartoolsthatmanypeopleusetobetterunderstandthemselvesandtheirrelationshipswithothers.MBTIsortspeopleinto16differentpersonalitytypesbasedonfourkeycategories.Althoughthesetestscanprovideusefulinsights,it’simportantnottoletthemdefineorlimityou.16.Butpeoplearecomplex.Ourpersonalitiescanchangeovertime,dependingonexperiencesandgrowth.WhattheMBTItestrevealsisjustasnapshotofone’spreferences,notacompletedefinitionofwhoyouare.Forexample,ifthetestlabelsyouasan“introvert”(性格内向的人),youmayfeeltemptedtoavoidsocialcommunicationbecauseyouthinkit’snotinyournaturetobeoutgoing.Butyoumightfindthatyourabilitytoenjoysocialeventsincreasesovertime.Thekeyisnottoacceptthelabelasanunchangeablefact.17Similarly,ifyouarecategorizedasa“thinking”type,itmightleadyoutobelievethatyouarealwaysrational18Emotionalresponseisalsoanessentialpartofhumannature,andembracingthemcanenhanceyourdecision-makingprocessandrelationships.Additionally,manypeoplegetcaughtupintheideathattheir“type”limitstheircareersorpersonalchoices.Theymightthink,forinstance,thatan“introvert”wouldnotbeagoodleader.19.Manyintrovertsachievesuccessthroughcarefullisteningandthoughtfuldecision-making.Don’tletdeMBTIlabelstopyoufrompursuingopportunitiesthatfeelrightforyou.Finally,oneofthemostimportantlessonswecanlearnfromtheMBTIisthatwearenotdefinedbyonetestorlabel.20.Byfocusingonourstrengthsandembracingthefullcomplexityofourpersonalities,wecanleadricherandmorefulfillinglives.areallmorethanthelabelswereceive.A．Therealityisquitedifferent.B．Thetestresultsshouldbeseenasaguide,notalimitation.C．TheMBTIsystemprovidesasimplewaytocategorizeindividualsbasedontheirpreferences.D．Buttherearecountlessexamplesofintrovertsexcellinginthesetypesofroles.E．shouldseeitasastartingpointforself-reflectionandgrowth.F．However,it’sessentialtounderstandthatbothpartsofthepersonalityarevaluable.G．TheMBTIsystemcansometimespreventindividualsfromrealizingtheirfullpotential.8/【答案】16．C17．E18．F19．D20．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章提醒勿让人格类型定义自己，指出MBTI测试有局限，应正确看待其结果以更好生活。16．由上文“Personalitytests,especiallytheMyers-Briggstypeindicator(MBTI),arepopulartoolsthatmanypeopleusetobetterunderstandthemselvesandtheirrelationshipswithothers.MBTIsortspeopleinto16differentpersonalitytypesbasedonfourkeycategories.(-MBTI多人用来更好地了解自己和与他人关系的流行工具。MBTI根据四个关键类别将人们分为16种不同的人格类型。)”可知，这里介绍了MBTI这种人格测试会将人按四个关键类别分为16种不同人格类型，空格处需要对其分类情况进一步说明来衔接后文，且后文“Butpeoplearecomplex.(但人是复杂的。)”进行转折，而C项“TheMBTIsystemprovidesasimplewaytocategorizeindividualsbasedontheirpreferences.(MBTI系统提供)”故选C项。17．由上文“Thekeyisnottoacceptthelabelasanunchangeablefact.(关键是不要接受标签是不可改变的事实。)”可知，这里强调不要把标签当作不可改变的事实，空格处要进一步说明对待测试结果应有的正确做法，而E项shouldseeitasastartingpointforself-reflectionandgrowth.(你应该把它看作是自我反思和成长的起点。)”符合此处语境，对前文进行了合理的延伸，其中it指代上文thelabel，有承上作用。故选E项。18．由上文“Similarly,ifyouarecategorizedasa‘thinking’type,itmightleadyoutobelievethatyouarealwaysrational.(同样地，如果你被归类为‘思考’型，这可能会让你认为自己总是理性的。)”可知，这里提及被归为某类型后的片面认知，空格后“Emotionalresponseisalsoanessentialpartofhumannature,andembracingthemcanenhanceyourdecision-makingprocessandrelationships.()”F项“However,it’sessentialtounderstandthatbothpartsofthepersonalityarevaluable.()”起到承上启下作用，指出人格两部分都有价值，使前后衔接自然。故选F项。19“Theymightthink,forinstance,thatan‘introvert’wouldnotbeagoodleader.(向的人不会成为好的领导者。)”可知，这里举例说明人们对内向者在职场上的错误认知，空格后“Manyintrovertsachievesuccessthroughcarefullisteningandthoughtfuldecision-making.(许多内向者通过认真倾听和深思熟虑的决策取得了成功。)”表明内向者也能成功，而D项“Buttherearecountlessexamplesofintrovertsexcellinginthesetypesofroles.(但有无数内向者在这些角色中表现出色的例子。)”子反驳前文观点。故选D项。9/20．由上文“Finally,oneofthemostimportantlessonswecanlearnfromtheMBTIisthatwearenotdefinedbyonetestorlabel.(最后，我们可以从MBTI中学到的最重要的教训之一是，我们不是由一个测试或标签来定义的。)”B项“Thetestresultsshouldbeseenasaguide,notalimitation.()”指出应把测试结果当作指导而非限制，与后文“Byfocusingonourstrengthsandembracingthefullcomplexityofourpersonalities,wecanleadricherandmorefulfillinglives.(通过关注我们的优势并接纳我们个性的全部复杂性，我们可以过上更丰富、更充实的生活。)”相呼应，符合文意。故选B项。Passage（2）【福建省泉州市四校联考学年高三下学期开学】EverytimeIputonmyseatbelt,checkmymirrorandturnontheengine,ItypeintheaddressofwhereverI’mgoingintomyphone.16theguideofGPS—theGlobalPositioningSystem—notonlywouldIbelost,I’dfeellost.Itmakesmewonder:IsthereanythingIcandotoimprovemynavigation(导航)skills?Theanswerisyes.Herearesomestepsyoucantaketoboostyoursenseofdirection.17Ifyou’renotpressedfortime,giveuptheautomobilenavigationandtrytofindyourwayaroundtown.Nexttimeyougoforawalk,godownaroadyou’venotwalked.Ortakethescenicroutetoyourfavoritebar.Thisworksifyou’rewalking,bikingordriving.ThenseeifyoucanmakeitbackhomewithoutaGPS.Uselandmarkstodirectyourself.18identifyyourposition,theexpertssuggestpickingafewlandmarksintowntohelpnavigateyourself.Theideallandmarkislargeandfaraway,likeabigsign,ahighway,atallbuildingorabridge.Becuriousaboutyoursurroundings.Whetheryou’regoingsomewherenewortoaplaceyou’vebeentomanytimes,it’shelpfultojustturnaroundandseewhattheviewlookslikebehindyou.19Thisgivesyouvisualremindersonhowtogetback.Usememorytrickstorememberwhereyouare.Peoplewithagoodsenseofdirectionknowtheirstreets.Ifyouaren’tsuchaperson,youcantryanexpertnavigationmethod.Commitstreetnames,landmarksandroutestomemorybyusingtrickstolockthingsin.20A．yourtimetomapyourtown.B．Ihaveaterriblesenseofdirection.C．yourGPSandgetlostonpurpose.D．Whatlandmarkswillyourecommendtovisitors?/E．Thisisespeciallyhelpfulwhenstreetnamesareabstract.F．Notsureifyou’renorth,south,eastorwestfromhome?G．Lookingatyoursurroundingscanhelpyourememberyourroute.【答案】16．B17．C18．F19．G20．E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高方向感的几个步骤。16．根据上文“EverytimeIputonmyseatbelt,checkmymirrorandturnontheengine,ItypeintheaddressofwhereverI’mgoingintomyphone.(的地方的地址。)”和下文theguideofGPS—theGlobalPositioningSystem—notonlywouldIbelost,I’dfeellost.(GPS)”出行都要依靠GPS，如果没有GPS的引导，作者不仅会迷路，还会感到迷茫，这说明作者的方向感很差。所以选项B“我的方向感很差”符合语境。故选B。17“Ifyou’renotpressedfortime,giveuptheautomobilenavigationandtrytofindyourwayaroundtown.()”汽车导航，试着在城里自己找路，故意让自己迷路，以此来提高导航技能。所以选项C“关掉你的GPS，故意迷路”符合语境。故选C。18．根据下文identifyyourposition,theexpertssuggestpickingafewlandmarksintowntohelpnavigateyourself.()”自己指引方向，确定自己的位置，说明有时候我们可能不清楚自己的具体位置，所以需要地标来帮忙确定，选项F“不确定你家是在北边、南边、东边还是西边？”引出下文，符合语境。故选F。19．根据上文“Whetheryou’regoingsomewherenewortoaplaceyou’vebeentomanytimes,it’shelpfultojustturnaroundandseewhattheviewlookslikebehindyou.(无论你是要去一个新的地方，还是去过很多次的地方，)”和下文“Thisgivesyouvisualremindersonhowtogetback.(这给了你视觉上的提示，告诉你如何回去。)”可知，本段建议多观察周围的环境，转过身来看看身后的景色，G“观察周围的环境可以帮助你记住路线”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。20．根据上文“Commitstreetnames,landmarksandroutestomemorybyusingtrickstolockthingsin.(通过使用)”置，通过技巧将街道名称、地标和路线牢记在心，这对于街道名称很抽象的情况特别有帮助，选项E“当街道名称很抽象时，这尤其有帮助”符合语境，“This”指代上文中“Commitstreetnames,landmarksandroutesto/memorybyusingtrickstolockthingsin”。故选E。Passage（3）【福建师范大学附属中学Itisnaturaltocompareourselvestoothersandtogetcaughtinamentalcomparisonloop,andyetthisseldomisbeneficial.mayhaveheardtheexpression,“13”me,thisringstrueasIhavefounditisquitedifficulttocomparemyselftoothersandfeelsatisfiedatthesametime.Comparisonnotonlyrobsusofdelight,butitalsofuelsself-criticismandalackofself-acceptance.14“Iamnotassuccessful,competent,attractiveastheyare.”“Whydon’tIhavewhattheyhave?”usecomparisonasanavenueforself-criticism,“What’swrongwithme?Imustbeanexactloser.”Thishindersself-acceptance.oftentellourselvesweareacceptableonlyifwemeetcertainstandards,andweevaluatehowwemeasureupbylookingatothers.Thetendencyistoconcludethatwearenotmeasuringup,particularlyifwehavealowsenseofself-worth.15don’tjustaskourselves,“What’swrongwithme?”worrywhatotherswillthink:“What’swrongwiththem?”Theloomingsenseofpossiblerejectioncreatesuneasinessandanxiety.16Ittellsusthatifwemeettheexpectations,loseweight,getapromotion,orbuyanewhouse,wewillfeelbetter,calmer,moreself-assured,andstopcomparingourselves.Thismaybetemporarilytrue,yet,acomparisonisaninternalprocessthatisultimatelybasedonourthoughtsandsenseofself,notexternalcircumstances.canalwaysfindsomethingelsetocompare,anotherexpectationwetellourselveswearenotmeeting.17Socomparisoncandestroyourawarenessofpersonalvaluesgradually.stopcomparingourselvestoothers,wehavetorecognizethatthecomparisongameisunwinnableandstopplaying.A．Nocomparison,nolife.B．Comparisonisthethiefofjoy.C．Comparisoncanevenbemisleading.D．arefocusedonothersandnotonwhatismeaningfultous.E．comparisonwillleadtofeelinginadequateorinferior.F．Shiftfrombeingguidedbycomparisontobeingguidedbyvalues.G．Andwefearthatwearegoingtobejudgedbyourperceivedfailures.【答案】13．B14．E15．G16．C17．D/【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了比较对我们的坏处，所以我们应该停止将自己与其他人比较。13．前文mayhaveheardtheexpression,(你可能听过这个表达)”表明空处为对应的表达，结合后文me,thisringstrueasIhavefounditisquitedifficulttocomparemyselftoothersandfeelsatisfiedatthesametime.()”表明此处的句子应该与“比较和满意”有关，B选项“攀比是偷走快乐的小偷”符合该主旨。故选B。14“Comparisonnotonlyrobsusofdelight,butitalsofuelsself-criticismandalackofself-acceptance.(比较)”E选项“”leadtofeelinginadequateorinferior与上文fuelsself-criticismandalackofself-acceptance呼应一致。故选E。15．前文oftentellourselvesweareacceptableonlyifwemeetcertainstandards,andweevaluatehowwemeasureupbylookingatothers.Thetendencyistoconcludethatwearenotmeasuringup,particularlyifwehavealowsenseofself-worth.(.人们往往会得出这样的结论：我们没有达到标准，尤其是当我们自我价值感很低的时候)”G选项“我们害怕别人会用我们的失败来评判我们”为进worrywhatotherswillthink:“What’swrongwiththem?”(我们担心别人会怎么想:“他们怎么了？”)”从别人的角度批评自己语境一致。故选G。16．下文“Thismaybetemporarilytrue,yet,acomparisonisaninternalprocessthatisultimatelybasedonourthoughtsandsenseofself,notexternalcircumstances.(这可能暂时是正确的，然而，比较是一个内部过程，最终基于我们的思想和自我意识，而不是外部环境)”说明了空处下一句中提到的现象的错误性，C选项“比较甚至会产生误导”总领下文。故选C。17canalwaysfindsomethingelsetocompare,anotherexpectationwetellourselveswearenotmeeting.(我们总能找到其他的东西来比较，我们告诉自己我们没有达到的另一个期望)”表示比较是永远存在的，后文“Socomparisoncandestroyourawarenessofpersonalvaluesgradually.(所以攀比会逐渐破坏我们对个人价值的认识)”D选项“”为对于前文原因的补充，符合语境。故选D。Passage（4）【广东省深圳市高级中学学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】Glaciersaremelting;childrenarefacingviolence;hatredisspreading.Attimes,itfeelsasiftheworldisreachingthebottom.16It’soneofthemostpowerfulandessentialhumanmindsets,andpossibletoachieveevenwhenitfeelsoutofreach.Chan/Hellman,apsychologist,emphasizesthathopeisateachableandattainablemindset,notaninherenttrait.Howcanwestayhopeful-evenwhenitfeelsunattainable?17Aschildren,wewereoftenwarnedagainstgettingourhopesup.However,DavidFeldman,aprofessorstudyinghope,notes,“Thetruthis,whetherornotweallowourselvestohope,atsomepointwe’regoingtobedisappointed.Ithinkthesolutionisallowingourselvestofeelhopeful.Inthemid-1980s,thepsychologistCharlesSnyderidentifiedthreecrucialfactorsformingthebasisofHopeTheory,amodelresearchersstillrelyontoday:First,peoplemustthinkinagoal-orientedway.Moreontheothertwoelements,pathwaysandagency.)Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat’smeaningfulbynature,Feldmanadvises.18.19.Feldmanexplainsitashavingclearandfeasiblestrategiesforgoalattainment.Ifyou’vesetagoalthat’smeaningfultoyou,butyoucan’tfigureoutawaytoachieveit,you’llprobablyfeelprettyhopeless.Peoplewhoarehighinhope,meanwhile,tendtohaveanalternativeattheready.CallyoursupportteamAccordingtoSnyder’sresearch,peoplewhoarehopefultendtohavealotof“agency”,whichmeansthemotivationtoactuallyachievetheirgoals.Gettingagoodnight’srest,followingahealthydiet,andmeditatingcanallpromoteagency,Feldmansays.20.However,sometimesthestrongestsourceofagencyisotherpeople.WhenFeldmanisfeelinglow,hecallshisfather,who’shisbiggestcheerleader.A．SeekforhopeinlonelinessB．GiveyourselfpermissiontobehopefulC．ThecureforanydespairmightbehopeD．SurroundyourselfwithsupportivepeopleE．SocantappingintoourownpositivebeliefsaboutourselvesF．AnotherkeyelementofSnyder’sHopeTheoryis“pathways”G．Itshouldn’tbesomethingyouhavetodobutsomethingyouwanttodo【答案】16．C17．B18．G19．F20．E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些保持希望的方法。/16．根据上文“Glaciersaremelting;childrenarefacingviolence;hatredisspreading.Attimes,itfeelsasiftheworldisreachingthebottom.(冰川正在融化；儿童面临暴力；仇恨正在蔓延。有时，感觉好像世界正在走向谷底)”以及后文“It’soneofthemostpowerfulandessentialhumanmindsets,andpossibletoachieveevenwhenitfeelsoutofreach.(这是人类最强大、最重要的心态之一，即使感觉遥不可及，也有可能实现)”可知，本句主要说明后文It指代的内容，且上文前两句话可以与C选项中的despairC选项“治愈绝望的方法可能是希望”符合语境，故选C。17．此处是本段小标题，根据本段“Ithinkthesolutionisallowingourselvestofeelhopeful.(我认为解决办法是让我们自己充满希望)”B选项“允许自己充满希望”B。18．根据上文“Makeitapointtoalwaysbeworkingtowardatleastonegoalthat’smeaningfulbynature,Feldmanadvises.(费尔德曼建议，一定要始终朝着至少一个本质上有意义的目标努力)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，G项中的it指代前一句中的goal，表达这个目标不应该是你不得不(被迫)做的，而应该是你自己想做的，与workingtowardatleastonegoalthat’smeaningfulbynatureG选项“它不应该是你必须做的事情，而是你想做的事情”符合语境，故选G。19．根据后文“Feldmanexplainsitashavingclearandfeasiblestrategiesforgoalattainment.Ifyou’vesetagoalthat’smeaningfultoyou,butyoucan’tfigureoutawaytoachieveit,you’llprobablyfeelprettyhopeless.Peoplewhoarehighinhope,meanwhile,tendtohaveanalternativeattheready.(费尔德曼将其解释为拥有实现目标的清晰可行的策略。如果你设定了一个对你来说很有意义的目标，但你却找不到实现它的方法，你可能会感)”已经准备好了另一种选择，即说明实现目标的途径，故F选项“施耐德希望理论的另一个关键要素是‘路径’”符合语境，故选F。20“AccordingtoSnyder’sresearch,peoplewhoarehopefultendtohavealotof“agency”,whichmeansthemotivationtoactuallyachievetheirgoals.Gettingagoodnight’srest,followingahealthydiet,andmeditatingcanallpromoteagency,Feldmansays.(“能动性”)”E项中使用的“Socan+主语”的倒装句，与前一句“主语+candosth.”形成呼应。故E选项“利用我们对自己的积极信念也可以”符合语境，故选E。Passage（5）/【湖北省武汉市第一中学学年高三上学期月联考】Haveyoueverhadagoalthatnomatterhowhardyouworked,orhowmanyhoursyoudedicated,itjustdidn’tseemtomakeanyprogress?Despiteallyourbestitfeltlikeyouwererunningonatreadmill—workinghardbutnotgoinganywhere.16Setyourselfare-evaluationdate.Sometimes,thefruitsofyourlaborcanbelikeaniceberg.Onlyasmallpartisvisibleabovethewater.17Self-doubtandanxietyaboutwhetheryou’remakinganyprogresscansabotageyourgoalsevenifyou’reinfactmakingsignificantprogressjustbelowthesurface.Ifyouthinkyourgoalmighttakesometimetomanifestchange,trysettinga“re-evaluationdate”beforeyouquitandgiveuponyourselftooearly.Fora“re-evaluationdate”,simplypickadayonthecalendarthatmakessenseforthesizeandscopeofyourparticulargoal.Thenrefusetorethink,reassess,orself-doubtyourdecisionsuntilthatday.18There’snothingmoredemoralizingandfrustratingthanfeelinglikeyou’reconstantlymessinguporself-sabotagingyourowngoal.Insteadofseeingsetbacksandfailuresasnegativethings,reframetheminyourmindaslearningexperiences—andthoseexperiencescanbesomeofthebestteachers!Alsofocusonenjoyingthedoing.It’seasytogetcaughtupworryingabouthowmuchprogressyou’remakingandforgettoenjoytheactualjourney.19Ifyouconstantlyfeelnegativewhileworkingtowardsyourgoal,you’llquicklycometoresentitandwillbemorelikelytoquit.Soifyou’refeelingfrustratedaboutagoal,rememberthattherejustmightbealotofthingshappeningunderthesurfaceyou’renotawareof.Andremember,resultsaren’teverything.Learning,growing,enjoyingyourselfalongtheway...20A．willeventuallyseeresults.B．Butbelow,ahugeicebergisforming.C．Thosearethethingsthatreallymatter.D．Celebrateyourfailuresasmuchasyoursuccesses.E．Reframeallyoursetbacksandfailuresaslearningexperiences.F．Ifso,thereareafewkeythingsthatcanhelpyoustayontrack.G．Ifyoucanfindjoyworkingtowardsyourgoals,thenyouwi