初中英语句型详解

PAGEPAGE27初中英语句型详解一、基本句型英语五种基本句型列式如下：基本句型一：SV（主＋谓）基本句型二：SVP（主＋谓＋表）基本句型三：SVO（主＋谓＋宾）基本句型四：SVoO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）基本句型五：SVOC（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。SV（不及物动词）1.Thesunwasshining.2.Themoonrose.3.Theuniverseremains.4.Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.5.Whocares?6.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.7.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.8.Thepenwritessmoothly1.太阳在照耀着。2.月亮升起了。3.宇宙长存。4.我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。5.管它呢？6.他所讲的没有什么关系。7.他们谈了半个小时。8.这支笔书写流利。基本句型二此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。SV（是系动词）P1.ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.2.Thedinnersmellsgood.3.Hefellinlove.4.Everythinglooksdifferent.5.Heisgrowingtallandstrong.6.Thetroubleisthattheyareshortofmoney.7.Ourwellhasgonedry.8.Hisfaceturnedred.1.这是本英汉辞典。2.午餐的气味很好。3.他堕入了情网。4.一切看来都不同了。5.他长得又高又壮。6.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。7.我们的井干枯了。8.他的脸红了。基本句型三此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。SV（及物动词）O1.Whoknowstheanswer?2.Shesmiledherthanks.3.Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.4.Heenjoysreading.5.Theyatewhatwasleftover.6.Hesaid"Goodmorning."7.Iwanttohaveacupoftea.8.Headmitsthathewasmistaken.1.谁知道答案？2.她微笑表示感谢。3.他拒绝帮他们的忙。4.他喜欢看书。5.他们吃了剩饭。6.他说：“早上好！”7.我想喝杯茶。8.他承认犯了错误。基本句型四此句型的句子有一个共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。SV（及物）o（多指人）O（多指物）1.Sheorderedherselfanewdress.2.Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.3.Hebroughtyouadictionary.4.Hedenieshernothing.5.Ishowedhimmypictures.6.Igavemycarawash.7.Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.8.Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine.1.她给自己定了一套新衣裳。2.她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。3.他给你带来了一本字典。4.他对她什么都不拒绝。5.我给他看我的照片。6.我洗了我的汽车。7.我告诉他汽车晚点了。8.他教我开机器。基本句型五此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。SV（及物）O（宾语）C（宾补）1.Theyappointedhimmanager.2.Theypaintedthedoorgreen.3.Thissetthemthinking.4.Theyfoundthehousedeserted.5.Whatmakeshimthinkso?6.Wesawhimout.7.Heaskedmetocomebacksoon.8.Isawthemgettingonthebus.1.他们任命他当经理。2.他们把门漆成绿色。3.这使得他们要细想一想。4.他们发现那房子无人居住。5.他怎么会这样想？6.我们送他出去。7.他要我早点回来。8.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五为例：Wefoundthehallfull.我们发现礼堂坐满了。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisten-ingtoanimportantreport.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisten-ingtoanimportantreportmadebyacomradefromthePeople'sDailyoncurrentaffairsinEastEurope.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。以get为例：He'sgettingangry.(SVC)Hegotthroughthewindow.(SVM)You'llgetasurprise.(SVO)Hegothisshoesandsockswet.(SVOC)Hegothimselfintotrouble.(SVOM)Hegotherasplendidpresent.(SV0O)在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:Ifoundthebookeasily.我很容易地找到了这本书。（SVOM）Ifoundthebookeasy.我觉得这本书很容易。（SVOC）Ihavetodosomething.我得做点事。Ihavesomethingtodo.我有点事做。第一组：1.It’stimefor...It’stimetodosth.2.It’sbadfor...3.It’sgoodfor...4.belatefor...5.What’swrongwith…What’sthematterwith...What’sthetroublewith...6.Thereissomethingwrongwith...7.beafraidof…beafraidtodosth.8.neither…nor….9.either….or….10.both…and…11.not…atall.第二组：主语+谓语+宾语1.helpsb.dosth2.hadbetterdosth.3.wanttodosth.4.wouldliketodosth.5.stoptodosthstopdoingsth.6.begintodosth.7.decidetodosth.8.liketodosth.9.hopetodosth.10.doone’sbesttodosth.11.agreetodosth.12.enjoydoingsth.13.keep(on)doingsth.14.finishdoingsth.15.goondoingsth.16.bebusydoingsth.17.feellikedoingsth.18.practisedoingsth.19.spendtime/moneyonsth20.spendtimeindoingsth.21.prevent/stopsb.fromdoingsth.第三组：主语+及物动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)1.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.2.passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.3.showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.4.bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.5.tellsb.sth.6.teachsb.sth.7.buysb.sth.=buysthforsb.8.lendsb.sth=lendsthtosb.9.helpsb.dosth.helpsb.withsth.10.teachsb.todosth.第四组：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语1.tellsb.(not)todosth.2.asksb.(not)todosth.3.wouldlikesb.todosth.4.keepsb.+形容词5.keepsb.doingsth.6.letsb.(not)dosth.7.makesb.(not)dosth.8.havesth.done9.see/hear/watchsb.dosth.10.see/hear/watchsb.doingsth.第五组：It作形式主语1.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.2.Itis+（important,necessary,difficult,possible,polite…）forsb.todosth.第六组：复合句时间状语从句：1.not…..until+时间状语从句2.assoonas+时间状语从句比较状语从句：1.…as+形容词或词原级+as….2.…notas/so+形容词或副词原级+as…结果状语从句：…so+形容词或副词的原级+that引导的结果状语从句相关句型：…too+形容词或副词原级+todosth.宾语从句：1.Idon’tthinkthat…2.Wehope/makesurethat…3.Iwonderif…让步状语从句：Though…句型转换歌诀一般疑问最简单，be动能动移句首；肯变否定有规则，be能后面加not，实动前面加don't，遇到some改any；单变复数要对应，复变单数不忘a/an；划线提问要分析，划啥就用啥来填。句型转换小case，我有方法定能行！（划“什么”，用what；划“谁”就用who；划“谁的”，用whose；划数量，用howmany；划价钱用howmuch；划身体要用how；划修饰语要用which；划地方就用where。）注：be能，分别指be动词和能愿动词（又称情态动词）be的用法口诀我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。时间名词前所用介词的速记歌年月周前要用in，日子前面却不行。遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。at也用在明分前，说“差”可要用上to，说“过”只可使用past，多说多练牢牢记，莫让岁月空蹉跎。记住f(e)结尾的名词复数妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌；躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光肯定句变疑问句口诀“是，情，助”，移向前，主语其后把身安，一般，现在，与过去，do,does,did添在前，再改谓语为原形。最后要把问号点。1see，hear，notice，find，feel，listento，lookat(感官动词)+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump.2（比较级and比较级）表示越来越……3a4agreewithsb.赞成某人5allkindsof各种各样akindof一种/样6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整个世界7alongwith同……一道，伴随……eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我将和你一起去Thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers.学生同老师们一起种树。8Assoonas一……就……9asyoucansee你是知道的10askfor……求助向……要……(直接接想要的东西)eg:askyouformybook11asksb.forsth.向某人什么12asksb.todosth.询问某人某事asksb.nottodosth.叫某人不要做某事13attheageof在……岁时eg：Iamsixteen.Iamattheageofsixteen.14atthebeginningof………的起初；……的开始15attheendof+地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾eg:Attheendoftheday16atthistimeofyear在每年的这个时候补：atleast至少17be/feelconfidentofsth./thatclause+从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglishIfeelthatIcanpassthetest18be+doing表：1现在进行时2将来时19beableto(+v.原)=can(+v.原）能够……eg:Sheisabletosing.Shecansing.补：baseon以……(为)根据20beabletodosth.能够干什么eg:Sheisabletosing.21beafraidtodo(ofsth.恐惧，害怕……eg:I'mafraidtogooutatnight.I'mafraidofdog.22beallowedtodo被允许做什么eg:I'mallowedtowatchTV.我被允许看电视。IshouldbeallowedtowatchTV.我应该被允许看电视。23beangrywithsb.生某人的气eg:Don'tbeangrywithme.24beangrywith(at)sb.fordoingsth.为什么而生某人的气25beas…原级…as和什么一样eg:Sheisastallasme.她和我一样高。26beashamedto27beawayfrom远离28beawayfrom从……离开29bebadfor对什么有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes.在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好。30beborn出生于31bebusydoingsth.忙于做什么事bebusywithsth.忙于……32becareful当心；小心becloseto…离……很近33bedifferentfrom…和……不一样34befamousfor以……著名35befriendlytosb对某人友好36befrom=comefrom来自eg：HeisfromBejing.HecomesfromBejing.IshefromBejing?DoeshecomefromBejing?37befullof装满……的befilledwith充满eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwater38beglad+todo/从句做某事很高兴39begoingto+v.(原）打算，计划，准备……40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善长,善于……41begoodfor对什么有好处eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish.42behappytodo很高兴做某事43behelpfultosb.对某人有好处eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou.大声朗读对你有好处。Exercisingishelpfultoyourbody.锻炼对你的身体有好处。44beingoodhealth身体健康45beintrouble处于困难中eg:SheisintroubleTheyareintrouble46beinterestedin对某方面感兴趣47belatefor=comelateto迟到eg:Belateforclass上课迟到48belike像……eg:I'mlikemymother.49bemadat生某人的气50bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)补：bemadein在……生产或制造51bemadeof由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52benotsure表不确定53beonavisitto参观54bepopularwithsb.受某人欢迎补：bepleasewith对…感到满意55bequiet安静56beshortfor表……的缩写eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰57besickinbed生病在床58besorrytodosth.besorryforsb.eg:Iamsorryforyou.59besorrytohearthat60besorrytotroublesb.eg:Iamsorrytotroubleyou.61bestrictindoingsth.严于做某事eg:He'sstrictinobeyingnotes62bestrictwithsb.对某人要求严格eg:Somestudentsarenotstrictwiththemselves.这些学生对自己不严格。63bestrictwithsbinsth.某方面对某人严格64besupposedtodo被要求干什么65besure表确定66besureofdoingsth.对做某事有信心eg:HeissureofwinningIamsureoflearningEnglishwell67besureofsth.对做某事有信心eg:I'msureofmyhead(myteacher).我相信我的大脑（老师）。68besurethatsth.对做某事有信心eg:I'msurethathecanpassthetest.我相信他能通过考试。69besuretodosth.一定会做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest.我们一定会通过这次考试WearesuretolearnEnglishwell.我们一定能学好英语。70beterrifiedof+名/动doing害怕……71beterrifiedtodosth.害怕做某事72bethesameas…和什么一样73beusedtodoingsth.习惯做某事eg:Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly.我爸爸习惯早起。Heisusedtosleepinginclass.他习惯上课睡觉.Heisusedtoworkinghard.Heisusedtohardwork.他习惯努力工作74beworthdoing值得做什么75be(feel)afraidtodosth.害怕做某事beafraidofsth.害怕某物beafraidthat丛句76because+句子becauseof+短语eg:Hewaslatebecausehehadaheadache.Hewaslatebecauseofhisheadache.77begintodo=starttodo开始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以……开始……eg:Let'sbeginthegamewiththesong.Ibegintogohome.78between…and…两者之间79borrowsth.fromsb.向……借……lendsth.tosb.lendsb.sth.借给……什么东西eg:Iborrowedapenfromhim.Helentapentome(helentmeapen).80both=thesame(as)=notdifferent(from)表相同81bother打扰bothersb.todosth.补：both…and………和……都eg:I'msorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestation我十分道歉打扰你，但是你能告诉我怎么去车站Theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks.这个问题困扰了我几个周了。He'sbotheringmetolendhimmoney.82bytheendof到……为止83callsb.sth.eg:Wecallhimoldwang.84care关心eg:Don'tyoucareaboutthiscountry'sfuture?你为什么不关心国家的未来。85catchupwithsb.赶上某人86chatwithsb.和某人闲谈takesb.to+地点带某人去某地87comein进来88comeoverto过来89comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea?你能想出一个好办法吗？90communicatewithsb.和某人交流91consider+doing考虑做……eg:Whynotconsidergoingtoluzhou?为什么不考虑去泸州？92danceto随着……跳舞eg:Shelikesdancingtothemusic.她喜欢随着音乐跳舞。93decidetodosth.决定做某事94doasurveyof做某方面的调查95dobetterin在……方面做得更好补：dowellin在……方面干的好96dowrong做错补：dropoff放下（某物）97Don'tforgettodosth.不要忘了做某事。98Don'tmind+doing/从句/名词.不要介意……。99each+名(单)每一个……eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks.每一个学生都有一些书。100endup+doing101enjoy+doing喜欢102escapefrom从……逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison.犯人从监狱里逃跑出来。Somegasisescapingfromthepipe.有一些气体从管子里冒出。103expecttodosth.期待做某事104falldown摔下来falloff从……摔下来105fallinlovewithsb./sth.爱上……106farfrom离某地远eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome107find+it+adj.+todo发现做某事……108findsb./sth.+adj.发现什么……eg:Ifindthebookinteresting.109finish+doing（名词）完成做……110fittosb.=befitforsb.适合某人111forgettodo没有做而忘了forgetdoing做了而又忘了eg:Don'tforgettogohome.Iforgetclosingdoor.112from…to…从某某到某某eg:frommeforher113get/havesth.down做完，被（别人）做……eg:Ihavemyhaircut.我理了发(头发被剪了）。Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout.汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了（被牙医拔掉了）。114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob115getalongwellwithsb.=getonwellwithsb.与某人相处得好116getalongwithsb.=getonwithsb.与某人相处117getreadyfor=bereadyfor为什么而准备eg:Igetreadyformath.Iamreadyformath.补：get…bake退还……118getsbintotrouble给某人麻烦119getsb.todosth.getoutof从……取出120get…from…从某处得到某物121giveatalk做报告eg:Heisgiveatall.122givesthtosb.givesbsth.给某人某物123gofish钓鱼goswimming游泳补：goover过一遍；仔细检查124goontodo去做下一件事goondoing继续做这件事125gooutawayfromgooutof126gotoschool上学（用于专业的）gototheschool去学校（不一定是上学）127goodwayto好方法128hatetodo讨厌没做过的事hatedoing讨厌做过的事129haveapartyforsb.举办谁的晚会130haveatalk听报告谈一谈131havebeendoing现在完成进行时eg:YouhavebeentalkingYouhavebeensleepingsince132havebeento…(地方）……去过某过地方havegoneto…（地方）去了某地还没回来hadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不要）做某事133havefun+doing玩得高兴134havesthtodo有什么事要做eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo.我有很多家庭作业要做。Ihavenothingtodo.我没什么事情做。135havetodosth.必须做某事havesth.done请某人做某事136havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth.做什么事情有麻烦137have…time+doinghavenotimetodosth.没有时间做某事138have…(时间)…off放……假eg:Ihavemonthoff.我请一个月得假。139hearsb.+do/doing听见某人做某事/正在做某事140helpalot很大用处141helpsb.withsth\one'ssth.帮助某人某事（某方面）helpsb.(to)dosth.帮助某人做某事142hopetodosth.希望做某事143Howabout(+doing)?=Whatabout(+doing)?（做）……怎么样？144howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你对什么的看法145if:是否＝whethereg:Idon'tknowif(whether)Ishouldgototheparty.我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会。Hedon'tknowif(whether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning.他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达。146if:如果，假如(全部接一般时态)＋条件语态从句eg:I'llgotoLuZhouifitdoesn'train.假如明天不下雨，我就去泸州。Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow.假如他们要改变计划，他们会让我知道的。I'llgotoEngland,ifIhaveenoughmoneynextyear.如果我明年由足够的钱，我就要去英国。147in148in149150in151in152increase增加eg:They'veincreasedthepriceofpetrolby3%.他们把石油价增加了3%。Thepopulationhasincreasedfrom12milliontenyearsagoto18millionnow.153insteadof+（名）代替eg:I'dlikeanappleinsteadofapear.我想要苹果，而不要梨子。IlikeEnglishinsteadofmath.我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学。154introducesb.tosb.介绍某人给某人introduceoneself自我介绍155invitesbtodosth.邀请某人做某事156Ittakessbsometimetodosth.做某人花掉某人多少时间。eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomework.Ittakesmehalfanhourtocook.157It's+adj.+forsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事怎么样。158It's+adj.+todo做某事怎么样。159It's+adj.forsb.对于某人来说怎么样。It's+adj.ofsb.对某人来说太怎么样。160It's+adj.(forsb.)todosth.（对某人来说）做某事怎么样。It's+adj.ofsb.todosth.对某人来说做某事太怎么样。eg:It'sniceofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish.161It'sagoodideaforsb.todosth.对……来说是个好主意。162It'simportanttosb.对某人来说很重要。eg:It'simportanttome.163It'stimetodosth.It'stimeforsth.到了该去做某事的时间。eg:It'stimetohaveclass.It'stimeforclass.该去上课了。164join=takepartin参加165justnow刚才166keep+sb./sth.+adj./介词短语让什么保持……167keepout不让……进入168keepsbadj.让……保持……eg:Iwanttokeepmymotherhappy.keephealthy保持健康169keyto+名词表示：某物的钥匙或某题的答案170keyto…answerto…key可以是答题或钥匙171laughat…取笑……eg:Don'tlaughatothers.Welaughedatthejoke.172learnbyoneself自学learnfrom向……学习173learnfromsb.向某人学习eg:WeshouldlearnfromLeiFeng.174learntodosth.学做某事learnsomethingbyheart背诵记熟175letsb.dosth.让某人做某事lendsomethingtosomebody把某物借给某人176ietsb.down让某人失望eg：Weshouldn'tletourparentsdown.我们不应该让我们的父母失望。177livefrom:离某地远178livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinLuZhou.ShelivesatXuanTan.179lookafter=takecareof照顾照看180loseone'sway谁迷路eg:Loseyourway你迷路181makeadecisiontodosth.决定做某事补：makeacontributiontodoing贡献给182makefriendswithsb.和谁成为朋友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyou.183makeitearly把时间定的早一点184makeonexhibitionofoneself让某人出洋相185makesb./n.+n.使……成为……eg:Imadehermystepmother.Imadeyoumywife.186makesb./sth.+adj.使某人（某物）怎么样eg:Youmustmadeyourbedclean.187makesb./sth.adj.使某人/某物怎么样188makesb.dosth.让某人做某事eg:Imadehimwrite.我以前让他写。189makeupone'smind190make…differenceto…191mindsb.todomindone'sdoing介意……做什么192most+名mostof+代193muchtoo+形容词194mustbe一定195need+名词196needsb.dosth.需要某人做某事197needtodo(实义动词）needdo(情态动词）198no/neitherofhatetodono/neitherofhatedoing199no+名词200notanymore=nomore再也不……eg:Hedidn'tcryanymore.Hecriednomore.他再也不哭。201not…(形、副）atalleg:He'snottallatall.shedoesn'tjumpfaratall.202not…atall一点都不notonly…butalso…不但……而且……203not…either表否定，也不eg:Idon'tspeakJapanese,either.Idon'thavesister,either.我也没有姐姐204not…until直到……才……eg:Ididn'tsleepuntilmymothercameback.Thechilddidn'tstopcryinguntilIgivehersugar.205offer/providesb.withsth.给某人提供206offersb.sth.(offersthtosb.提供什么东西给某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou).我给你提供水。207onone'swayto…在谁去那的路上208ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面209onthephone=overthephone用电话交谈210ontime准时intime及时211oneday＝someday＝someday一天，有一天212oneof+可数名词的复数形式213onetoanother一个到另一个214overandoveragain一遍又一遍的eg:Hecleanedtheflooroverandoveragain.215part-timejob兼职工作fall-timejob全职工作216payfor…付……钱paythebill给钱，付钱217please+dopull…upfrom…把……从……拉上来218pleasehelpyourself219pleasedwithsb.220poolinto=poreinto221practice+doing练习做某事222prefersth.tosth.相对……更喜欢……eg:Ipreferphysicstochemistry.在物理和化学中，我更喜欢物理。preferdoingtosth.更喜欢去做……不愿意去做……eg:Heprefersridingabiketodiving.他更喜欢骑自行车，不开小车。prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做…也不愿eg:Myunclepreferstobuyanowcarratherthanrepairtheusedone.我叔叔更喜欢买新的车，也不去修旧车。prefersb.nottodosth.更愿意……eg:Ipreferhernottocome.我不喜欢她不来。223pretendtodosth.装着去做什么pretendthat从句eg:Thetwocheatspretendedtobeworkingveryhard.这两个骗子装着努力工作。Hepretendedthathedidnotknowtheanswer.他装着不知道答案。224rather…than宁可……也不……eg:Iwouldratherbeadoctorthanateacher.我愿肯当医生，也不当老师。Helikesdogsratherthancats.他喜欢狗，不喜欢猫。225regard…as把……当作……eg:Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourfamily.请带我向你的家人我最好的问候。Iregardyouasmyfriend.我把你当作我的朋友。Heshowslittleregardforothers.他不爱关心别人。226remindsb.aboutsth.提醒某人什么事remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事eg:Heremindsmeaboutcooking(heremindsmetocook).他提醒我做饭。227remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起什么eg:Thepicturesremindmeofmyschooldays.这照片使我想起了我的学校。Thewordsthat(which)theteachertalkedtoremindmeofmymother.228returnsth.tosb.还什么东西给某人229saytooneself对自己说230saytosb.对某人说231sbspendsomemoneyonsth花了多少钱在某事上232sbspendsometimewithsb花了多少时间陪谁233sbspendsometime(in)doingsth花了多少时间做某事234sbwithsb+issbandsb+are235seesbdo看见某人做过某事seesbdoing看见某人正在做某事236seemtodo/be+adj显得怎么样eg:YouseemtobetiredYouseemtobehappyitseemthat237send+sbsth送给某人某物238send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？239shock使……震惊eg:Oh,It'sonlyyou!Yougivemeashock啊，是你呀！吓我一跳240showsbsth向某人展示某物eg:Ishowherthebook.241showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么东西给某人看eg:ShowmeyourpenShowyourpentome242showsthtosb向某人展示某物eg:Ishowthebooktoher.243some…others…一些……另一些……244start…with…从……开始begin…with…从……开始245stayawayfrom远离……startdoingsth/starttodosth开始做某事eg:We'retoldtostayawayfromtheanimalswhovisitingthezoo.当我们参观zoo时，我们要远离动物Ifyouwanttoloseweightyou'dbetterstayawayfromthesweetfood假如你想减肥，你最好远离甜食246stopdoing停下正在做的事247stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事248stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事249stoptodo停下正在做的事去做下一件事250such+名词这样，这种251suitsb适合某人252surprisesb使某人惊奇toone'ssurprise令某人惊奇253takeclasses上课takeone'stemperature给某人量体温254takesbto把某人带去eg:Itakeyoutothehospital255takewalks=takeawalk＝goforawalk散步256①talkto对谁说eg:Italktoyou②talkwith和谁说eg:Italkwithhim③talkof谈到eg:wetalkedofyou④talkabout谈论关于……257talkwithsb和某人说话258teachsbsth教某人做某事259tellsbdosth告诉某人做某事260tellsbsthtellsbthat丛句tellsbnottodosthtellastory261tellsbsth告诉某人某事262tellsbtodosth告诉某人做什么tellsbnottodosth告诉某人不要做什么263tell…from…thankto幸亏，由于264thankyoufor+doingthanksbforsth因某事而感谢某人265thesame+名词(doing)+as……themore…themore…越…就越…266thesame…(名)…asas…(adjadv)…as相同267thewaytodosth＝thewayofdoingsth做某方面的方法thedaybeforeyesterday前天thewayto+地方去哪的路eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglishDoyouknowthewayoflearningEnglish268thewayto…（地点）到哪的路269too…to…太怎样而不能……adj+enoughto足够…能…so…that+丛句太…所以…（such+名词…that+从句）eg:Heistooyoungtogotoschool=Heissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschoolHeisoldenoughtogotoschool＝Heissooldthathecangotoschool270translate……into……把什么翻译成什么eg:TranslateEnglishintoChinese271travelwithsb和某人去旅游272tryone'sbesttodosth尽某人最大的努力去做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglishwell273trytodosth想干什么，但没成功trydoingsth想干什么，已经做过了eg：Hetriedtoclimb他想爬上去，但没成功Hetriedclimbing他想爬上去，已经做过了274try…试衣服haveatry试一下275turndown开小←→turnup开大276turnoff关上←→turnon打开open拆开277upsidedown倒着unless=ifnot278visitto…参观某个地方279waitforsb等某人280waitforsbtodosth等某人做什么waitforsb等某人waitforsometime等多少间eg:Wouldyoupleasewaitformetogetready等我准备好，好吗？Let'swaitfortheraintostop让我们等雨停吧281wakesbup把某人叫醒282wanttodosth想做某事283watchsbdosth观看某人做某事补：wearout把…穿坏284welcometo+…（地方）欢迎到……285whatabout+n/doingeg:whataboutanapple286whatif如果……怎么办Whatif+句子eg:Whatifitistrue?如果是真的怎么办？Whatifaliensshouldcometotheearth假如外星人来到地球怎么办？287whattheywilldo=whattodo288What'sthematter?=What'sthetrouble?=What'swrong?有什么困难？289while+延续性动词290whydon'tyoudo=whynotdo291willyoupleasedowillyoupleasenotdo292withone'sbest=withthehelpofsb在某人的帮助下293withthehelpofsb在某人的帮助下withone'shelp294workat…在某处工作295workwithsb和某人一起工作296wouldlikesth/todostheg:IwouldliketogotoLuZhou297wouldyouplease+do298yet:至今，用在否定句中299you'dbetterdo最好做某事=you'dbetternotdo最好不要做某事300不定式+v(原）301联系动词（taste吃起来/sound听起来/look看起来/smell闻起来）+adj302名词、副词、形容词修饰enough时,形容词放在之前，名词副词放在之后303太多toomuch+不可数toomany+可数muchtoo相当于very，修饰形容词304向宾语提问：Whom305向地点提问：Where306向方式提问：How307向价格和不可数名词提问：Howmuch308向可数名词提问：Howmany309向频率提问：Howoften310向时间段提问：Howlong311向时间提问：whattime/when312向物主代词提问：Whose313向职业提问：whatdo/does……do314向主语提问：Who315在将来时中，……以后（用in，一般时态中，……以后（用afterIt'stimeforsth.该到做某事的时间了.It'stimetodosth.(It'stimeforsb.todosth)该到(某人)做某事的时间了.补遗1.can'twaittodosth.迫不及待地要求做某事.2.ask(tell)sb.(not)todosth.请(告诉)某人(不)做某事.3.make/letsb.todosth.让某人做某事.4.hear/see/sb.dosth听见/看见某人做某事.5.hadbetter(not)dosth最好不做某事.6.It'sbettertodosth最好做某事7.It'sbesttodosth最好做某事8.enjoy喜欢做某事9.finish结束做某事10.keep继续做某事11.keepondoingsth.继续做某事12.carryon继续做某事13.goon继续做某事14.feellike喜欢做某事15.stoptodosth与stopdoingsth停下来去做某事(与)停止做某事.16.forget/remembertodo与forget/rememberdoingsth.忘记/记得去做某事(与)忘记/记得曾经做过事.17.keep(prevent,stop)sb.fromdoingsth阻止/防止/阻栏栽人做某事18.prefer…to……喜欢……胜过……19.prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.宁愿做某事,而不原做某事.20.usedtodosth.过去常常做某事.21.What'swrongwith……?……出了问题(事)?22.havenothingtodowith……与……无关23.bebusydoingsth.在忙于做某事24.too……to……太……以致知于不……25.so……that……如此……以致知于不……26.such……that……如此……以致知于不……27.Ittakesb.sometimetodosth.某人做某事用了一些时间.28.spend……onsth.(doingsth.)花钱/时间做某事.29.pay……forsth.花费(钱)买某物.30.What/howabout……?……怎么样(好吗)?31.wouldliketodosth.想要/愿意做某事..32.Idon'tthinkthat我认为……不……33.Whynotdosth.?Whydon'tyoudosth.?为什么不做某事呢?34.Whatdoyoumeanby…?你…是什么意思?35.Whatdoyouthinkof……(Howdoyoulike…)你认为…怎么样?36.Mikeenjoyscollectingstamps.SodoI.迈克喜欢集邮.我也也喜欢.37.Themore,thebetter.越多越剧好.38.Thanksfordoingsth.谢谢你做了某事.39.Itissaidthat…据说…感官动词see,watch,observe,notice,lookat,hear,listento,smell,taste,feel+do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性Isawhimworkinthegardenyesterday.昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)Isawhimworkinginthegardenyesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。one…theother只有两个some…theothers有三个以上one…another，another…some…others，others…others=otherpeople/thingstheothers=therest剩余的全部1)泛指另一个用another。2)一定范围内两人(物)，一个用one，另一个用theother。3)一定范围内三者，一个用one，另一个用one(another)，第三个可用theother，athird。4)一定范围内，除去一部分人/物，剩余的全部用theothers。时，也用others。5)泛指别的人或物时，用others当在一定范围内，除去一部分后，剩余部分但不是全部welcometosp→欢迎到某地Eg.WelcometoChina.2.What'sthematterwithsb./sth?→出什么毛病了？Eg.What'sthematterwithyourwatch?3.bedifferentfrom→与不同Eg.TheweatherinBeijingisdifferentfromthatofNanjing.4.bethesameas→与……相同Eg.Histrousersarethesameasmine.5.befriendlytosb.→对某人友好Eg.Mr.Wangisveryfriendlytous.6.wanttodosth.→想做某事Eg.Iwanttogotoschool.7.wantsb.todosth.→想让某人做某事Eg.Iwantmysontogotoschool.8.whattodo→做什么Eg.Wedon'tknowwhattodonext.9.letsb.dosth.让→某人做某事Eg.Lethimentertheroom.10.letsb.notdosth.→让某人不做某人Eg.Lethimnotstandintherain.11.whydon'tyoudosth?→怎么不做某事呢？=Eg.Whydon'tyouplayfootballwithus?12.whynotdosth.?→怎么不做某事呢？Eg.Whynotplayfootballwithus?13.makesb.sth.→为某人制造某物=Eg.Myfathermademeakite.14.makesthforsb.→为某人制造某物Eg.Myfathermadeakiteforme.15.What…meanby…?→做……是什么意思？Eg.Whatdoyoumeanbydoingthat?16.likedoingsth.→喜爱做某事Eg.Jimlikesswimming.17.liketodosth.→喜爱做某事Eg.Hedoesn'tliketoswimnow.18.feellikedoingsth.→想做某事Eg.Ifeellikeeatingbananas.19.wouldliketodosth.→愿意做某事Eg.Wouldyouliketogorowingwithme?20.wouldlikesb.todosth.→愿意某人做某事Eg.I'dlikeyoutostaywithmetonight.21.makesb.dosth.→逼使某人做某事Eg.Hisbrotheroftenmakeshimstayinthesun.22.letsb.dosth.→让某人做某事Eg.Letmesingasongforyou.23.havesb.dosth.→使某人做某事Eg.Youshouldn'thavethestudentsworksohard.24.befarfromsp→离某地远Eg.Hisschoolisfarfromhishome.25.beneartosp→离某地近Eg.Thehospitalisneartothepostoffice.26.begoodatsth./doingsth.→擅长某事/做某事Eg.WearegoodatEnglish.Theyaregoodatboating.27.Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.→某人花多少时间做某事Eg.Ittookmemorethanayeartolearntodrawabeautifulhorseinfiveminutes.28.sb.spendssometime/money(in)doingsth.→某人花多少时间做某事Eg.Ispenttwentyyearsinwritingthenovel.29.sb.spendssometime/moneyonsth.→某事花了某人多少时间/金钱Eg.Jimspent1000yuanonthebike.30.sth.costssb.somemoney.→某物花了某人多少钱Eg.ThebikecostJim1000yuan.31.sb.payssomemoneyforsth.→某人为某物付了多少钱Eg.Jimpaid1000yuanforthebike.32.begin/startwithsth.→开始做某事Eg.Thestartedthemeetingwithasong.33.begoingtodos