新课标2024-2025学年高中英语课时分层作业4SectionⅠ含解析新人教版选修7

PAGE1-课时分层作业(四)SectionⅠ[高考题型练习提实力]Ⅰ.阅读理解ARobotswillhavetakenovermostjobswithin30yearsleavinghumanityfacingits“biggestchallengeever”tofindmeaninginlifewhenworkisnolongernecessary，accordingtoexperts.ProfessorMosheVardi,ofRiceUniversity,intheU．S.，saysthatmanymiddle­classprofessionalswillbeassistingtheworkofmachineswithinthenextfewdecadesleavingworkerswithmoreleisure(休闲)timethantheyhaveeverexperienced.ProfVardisaidtheriseofrobotscouldleadtounemploymentratesgreaterthan50percent.“Weareapproachingatimewhenmachineswillbeabletodobetterthanhumansatalmostanytask，”saidVardi,aprofessorincomputationalengineering.Robotsaredoingmoreandmorejobsthatpeopleusedtodo.Ibelievethatsocietyneedstofacethisquestionbeforeit'suponus.Ifmachinescandoalmostanyworkhumanscando,whatwillhumansdo?“ThequestionIwanttoputforwardis，‘Doesthetechnologywearedevelopingfinallybenefitmankind？’”ProfVardisaidexistingroboticandartificialintelligence(AI)technologieswerealreadygettingridofagrowingnumberofmiddle­classjobsandthatpaceofadvancementinthefieldisincreasing.ButProfVardiisnotsurethataworkforceofhumanlikerobotswillbegoodformankind.“Atypicalansweristhatifmachineswilldoallourwork,wewillbefreetopursue(追求)leisureactivities，”hesaid.“Idonotfindthisapromisingfuture,asIdonotfindtheideaofleisure­onlylifeappealing.Ibelievethatworkisessentialtohumanwell­being.”“Humanityisabouttofaceperhapsitsgreatestchallengeever,whichisfindingmeaninginlife.”“Weneedtorisetotheoccasionandmeetthischallengebeforehumanlaborbecomesoutofdate.”“What'sdifferentthistimeiscomputerscientistsareworkingonbuildingmachinesthatcandoeverythingwecando,onlybetter.Ifmachinescandoalltheworkoreven50percentofthejobsthatweusedtodo,whatwillpeopledo？”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。专家警示，30年内机器人将接管大部分工作。1．WhatdoesProfessorMosheVardisayaboutfuturehumanjobs?A．Theywillbemorechallenging.B．Mostwilldisappearcompletely.C．Mostwillbereplacedbyrobots.D．Theywillrequirehigherdegrees.C[细微环节理解题。由其次、三段的描述可知，在将来的几十年内，人类的大部分工作将由机器人来完成。]2．WhatisProfVardiconcernedabout?A．Therapidpopulationgrowth.B．Thefastdevelopmentofrobots.C．Whetherrobotswillrulehumans.D．Whetherrobotswilldogoodtohumans.D[细微环节理解题。由第六段中的‘Doesthetechnologywearedevelopingfinallybenefitmankind？’以及第八段ButProfVardiisnotsurethataworkforceofhumanlikerobotswillbegoodformankind.可知，Vardi教授担忧人类独创的技术是否最终会让人类受益。]3．HowdoesProfVardifindleisure­onlylife?A．Ideal. B．Undesirable.C．Carefree. D．Interesting.B[推理推断题。由倒数第四段中的Idonotfindthisapromisingfuture，asIdonotfindtheideaofleisure­onlylifeappealing.可知，Vardi教授并不觉得只有休闲的生活吸引人。]4．Whatwillhumansfaceinthenextfewdecades?A．Laborshortage.B．Productionsurplus.C．Fiercecompetition.D．Lackoflifepurposes.D[细微环节理解题。由倒数第三段的Humanityisabouttofaceperhapsitsgreatestchallengeever，whichisfindingmeaninginlife.以及最终一段中的Ifmachinescandoalltheworkoreven50percentofthejobsthatweusedtodo，whatwillpeopledo？可知，假如机器能够做全部的工作，抑或甚至百分之五十的工作，人类即将面临最大的挑战，那就是找到生活的意义。]BSciencefictionwriterscreateimaginaryworlds.Thewaythingsworkinyourimaginaryworldswillbebasedonactualscience.Soit'simportantforyoutobefamiliarwiththescientificprinciplesandinventionsthatarerelatedtoyourcreation.Forexample，ifyou'rewritingabouthumanlivingonaplanetwithzerogravity，thenyouneedtoknowtheeffectsofzerogravityonthehumanbody.Thenyouhavetofigureouttheexactrulesofyourimaginaryworlds.Andyouhavetofollowthem.IfhumansareabletobreatheunderwaterinChapter1，yourcharactercan'tdrowninaswimmingpoolinChapter3.Theissuehereismaintainingyourreaders'trust.Thatmeansthereaderiswillingtopretendalongwithyou.Ifyoustartoutwithanordinarydetectivenovelandthenthrowinsomeonebreathingunderwaterinthe6thchapter，youwillpullthereadersoutoftheirimagination.Thesamethinghappensifyouchangetheruleshalfway.Partofyourpreparationworkforthenovelistomapoutitsworldsingreatdetail.Youshoulddecidethefollowingissues：thehistoryoftheworld，thegeography，whatpossibilitiesitoffers，howeverythingworksinthisnewreality，andhowallofthesefactorsaffectthewayyourcharactersthink，feel，andreacttothings.Youdon'thavetotellyourreadersalltherulesinthefirstchapter.Butyouhavetoletreadersknowenoughtounderstandwhat'sgoingon.Thisalsoallowsyoutoworkoutlogicalproblemsandcontradictions(冲突)beforeyoustartwriting.Whenyouarewriting，remembertomakeitfeelreal.Youareinvitingreaderstovisitanewworld.Theywillwanttobeabletosee，hear，feel，smell，andeventastewhatit'slike.Whetheryournovelisaboutaworldwithoutdiseaseoranundiscoveredplanet，helpyourreadersfeellikethey'reactuallythere.【语篇解读】许多人对科幻小说充溢爱好，你是否想写科幻小说呢？5．What'stherelationshipbetweenactualscienceandsciencefiction?A．Sciencefictionpromotesthedevelopmentofactualscience.B．Sciencefictionoftenreflectsthedevelopmentofactualscience.C．Actualsciencelimitstheimaginationdescribedinsciencefiction.D．Actualscienceprovidesbasicprinciplesforsciencefiction.D[推理推断题。依据第一段中的“Thewaythingsworkinyourimaginaryworldswillbebasedonactualscience.”可知，幻想世界以实际科学为基础。]6．Thesecondparagraphismainlydevelopedby．A．makingcomparisonsB．givingexamplesC．followingthetimeorderD．analyzingcausesB[写作手法题。其次段主要是通过举例的方式阐述了观点。]7．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Itisnecessarytodosomescientificexperimentsbeforewritingsciencefiction.B．Itismoredifficulttowritesciencefictionthanordinarydetectivenovels.C．Readersofsciencefictionactuallypretendthewriters'rulesaretrue.D．Itisgreattoleavesomecontradictionsinyoursciencefiction.C[推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Theissuehereismaintainingyourreaders'trust.Thatmeansthereaderiswillingtopretendalongwithyou.”可知C项正确。]8．Thetargetreadersofthepassageare．A．youngscientistsB．sciencefictionwritersC．collegestudentsD．professionaljournalistsB[推理推断题。本文多处出现其次人称，如第一段中的“Thewaythingsworkinyourimaginaryworlds...，”由此可推断出，作者在与写科幻小说的人沟通。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五HowtoBeKnowledgeableBeingknowledgeablemeansyouhaveknowledge.Peoplewhoareknowledgeableusefacts,informationorskillsonaregularbasis.Mostpeoplecanbecomeknowledgeablebyfollowingthetipsbelow.Learnonadailybasis.1Youcanlearntipsonhowtocookfromsomeonemakingdinner,oryoucanmasteracomputergamethatyouplayinyoursparetime.Makeapointtolearnsomethingnewasoftenaspossibleandthenapplywhatyoulearnedassoonaspossible.2MostknowledgeablepeopleworktogainknowledgeinaspecificarealikeEnglish,historyorcomputers.Findsomethingthatinterestsyouandthenresearchthetopic.Ifpossible,takeclassesorattendseminars.3Thismaymeanyouhavetogetoutsideyourcomfortzone.Eachexperiencecanteachyousomethingandprovideyouwithinformationthatconnectstothingsyou'vealreadylearned.Anewexperiencecanhelpyoulookatanoldexperienceinanewwayandleadtoanewdiscovery.Usedifferentsources.4Experimentingcanleadtonewinsight(领悟)asobservationcan.Askquestions.Makesurethatyoufullyunderstandwhatyouarelearning.5Allowyourselftimetounderstandandtakeinthenewinformation.Continuetoaskquestionsuntilyoufullygrasptheconcept.A．Pickanareaofstudy.B．Lookfordifferentexperiences.C．Findarightplacetogainnewknowledge.D．Whenyouaskquestions,listentotheanswers.E．Everyfactorskillyoulearnaddstoyourknowledge.F．Shareyourknowledgebyteachingothers,writingpapersorgivingspeeches.G．Youcanbecomeknowledgeablebylearningfrompeople,readingbooksorsurfingtheWeb.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文说明白如何做可以成为一个学识渊博的人。1．E[由下文的举例可知，你所学的每一件事和技能都会增长你的学问。]2．A[由下文的说明可知，本段的主旨是：选择一个学习探讨的领域。]3．B[由本段重现的关键信息词experience可知，本段主要说明白要找寻不同的经验以增长学问。]4．G[本选项是对主旨句的绽开说明，G项的learningfrompeople，readingbooksorsurfingtheWeb与主旨句中的differentsources呼应。]5．D[D项的askquestions在上下文中都有重现，选项用来说明通过问问题获得答案来增长学问。]Ⅲ.语法填空Havealookatakeyboard—eitheronyourcomputeroronyourcellphone—andyou'llnoticethatitisn'tsetupalphabetically(按字母依次地).1.________(start)intheupperleftcorner,youwon'tseeABCDEF.Instead,you'llseeQWERTY.What'sup2.________that?Isitanaccident?Theanswerisno!Actually,itwasplannedthatway.Inthe1860s,American3.________(invent)ChristopherSholesbeganworkingonthetypewriter.In1873,hedesigned4.________firsttypewriter，calledtheRemingtonNumber1.Thekeysonearlytypewriters5.________(arrange)inalphabeticorder，butunfortunately,theyjammedeasily.6．________(settle)theproblem,Sholesdecidedtoredesignthekeyboardsothatthemostcommonlyused7.________(letter)wouldbeasfarapartaspossibleonthekeyboard.H