清远市2024-2025学年高二（上期）期末考试 英语试题（含答案解析）

注意事项：150分,120分钟。答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡的相应位置。全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在本试题卷上无效。回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,2B动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。考试结束后,将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共20小题；每小题1分,满分20分）5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后面有几个小题,A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话,回答1～4题。Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?Ahostandaguest.Ateacherandastudent.Alecturerandalistener.Whatdoesthewomanuseinherart?Paint. B.Metal. C.Naturalobjects.WherewasthewomanwhenshecreatedTheWatchers?InNewZealand. B.InNewGuinea. C.InBrazil.Whydoesthewomanplantomakehernextartwork?ShelikestheviewsinBrazil.Shewantstotrynewmaterials.Sheintendstoappealtopeopletoprotecttheenvironment.听下面一段较长对话,回答5～8题。Whatdothetwospeakersmainlytalkabout?Bodylanguages.Communicatingskills.Meetingbetweencountries.WhatshouldthemandototheJapanesewomanaccordingtoMary?Shakehandswithher. B.Lookstraightather. C.BowbackHowdidthemanfeelwhenmeetingwiththeJapanesewoman?Regretful. B.Happy. C.Excited.Whatdoesthemandecidetodobeforeanothermeetingwithforeigners?VisitJapan.Thinkofmoregoodideas.Learnmorebodylanguages.听下面一段较长对话,回答9～12题。Wherearethespeakers?Overthephone.Inthehospital.Nexttoaswimmingpool.HowdidSamuelreactwhenhenoticedthegirlindanger?Hecalledtheinstructortohelp.Hejumpedintothepooltosaveher.Heshoutedforhelpfromotherswimmers.Whocalledtheemergencyhelp?CSamuel. B.Achild. C.Thegirl'sparents.WhatdidSamueldobeforetheemergencyservicesarrived?Heleftthescene.Hewaitedforthegirl'sparents.Hegavethegirlfirstaidandtreatedherinjury.听下面一段独白,回答13～16题。Whatkindoftoolsdowesternersusewhentheyareeating?Chopsticks. B.Onlyaspoon. C.Aknifeandfork.Howmuchfoodwouldwesternersoffer?Theamountpeoplecan'tmanage.Theamountpeoplecanjustmanage.Theamountlessthanwhatpeoplecanmanage.HowdoChinesehostsandhostessesshowtheirfriendliness?Bysaying“Helpyourself”.Bypersuadingthegueststoeatmore.Byofferingquiteanumberofalternatives.WhatdifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternersisthepassagemainlyabout?Foodculture. B.Waysofeating. C.Waystocommunicate.听下面一段独白,回答17～20题。WhatdidJanedowhenshewenttoAfrica?Shewenttouniversity.Shestudiedchimps.Shehelpedthepoorpeople.WhatdochimpseataccordingtoJane'sdiscoveries?Fruits. B.Nuts. C.Meat.HowdidJaneworkoutchimps'socialsystem?Bystudyingtheirbodylanguage.Byobservingtheireatingbehaviour.Byrecordingtheirspecialbehaviour.20.Whatisshebusydoingnow?Teachinginauniversity.Buildingwildlifeprotectionareas.Travellingaroundtheworldtospeakaboutwildlifeprotection.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分40分）第一节（共11小题；每小题2.5分,满分27.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AUKandInternationalArtCompetitionsin2024-2025TheHomiensArtPrizeClose:31stJanuary,2025Prize:6×$500(Eachofthe6winnerswillreceiveacashprizeof$500,alongwithaprofessionalprofileontheHomienswebsite,participationintheonlineexhibition,publicationinTheHomiens60,anoptionalinterview,andtheoptiontorequestaletterofrecommendation)What:Allartforms,anytheme.Who:UK&InternationalartistsDorsetArtPrizeClose:17thNovember,2024Prize:1stPrize:£1,000(age16-18&opencategory)2ndPrize:£750(age16-18&opencategory)3rdPrize:£500(age16-18&opencategory)What:Thisyear'sthemeis“Journey",withparticipantsencouragedtouseanyvisualmediumincludingphotography,digitalart,fineart,animation,filmandsculpture.Who:UK&InternationalartistsBeyondFutureArtPrizeClose:15thNovember,2024Prize:1stPrize:f3,216What:Thisyear'sthemeis"Expression:CelebratingWomenArtists”.Acceptablemedia:OriginalPainting,Drawing,Photography,Digitalart,orShortfilmscreatedafteryear2023.Who:UK&internationalfemaleartists(aged15andabove)TheJohnRuskinPrizeClose:25thNovember,2024Prize:FirstPrize:£3,000SecondPrize:£2,000AlanDavidsonPrize:£1,000(forartists,designersandmakersagedunder26)InternationalPrize:£500(forartistsoutsideoftheUKworkinginanymedium)What:Allmediums,includingdrawing,painting,print,sculpture,photography,textile,animation,mixedmedia,digital,performanceandmore.Who:UK&InternationalartistsWhichcompetitionwillgiveyouthelongesttimetoprepareyourworks?TheHomiensArtPrize. B.DorsetArtPrize.C.BeyondFutureArtPrize. D.TheJohnRuskinPrize.What'sthespecialaboutBeyondFutureArtPrize?Itsetsspecialawardsfordigitaldesigners.Itonlyallowswomenartiststoparticipate.Itrequeststheentriestohavethebesteffect.Itonlypermitsthoseabove16yearsoldtojoin.Whocangaintheprizeoff1,000?ThewinneroftheHomiensArtPrize.ThewinnerofBeyondFutureArtPrize.ThesecondprizewinnerofDorsetArtPrize.ThewinnerofTheJohnRuskinPrizeagedbelow26.BThisweekIvisitedCambodia,anditcouldnothavecomeata"hotter"time,inthemostliteralsenseoftheword,becausethetemperaturesinSiemReapwerealmost7°Caboveaverage.Thenightbefore,itrainedinafewareas,andIcouldseetheexcitementaroundmewithmanycallingtheirfamiliestosay,“Itrainedinmyvillage!”Butthissadlyseemedtobeanexception.Inmostareasofthecountry,farmershavebeenunabletoplantthesecondricecrop,leadingtoeconomichardship.AsImademyway,intheswelteringheat,tovisitasecondaryschoolintheruralareainSiemReap.AsIwalkedfromclassroomtoclassroom,Iwonderedhowlearningoutcomesmustbeimpactedbytheheatwaves,andwhatwouldhappentotheabilityofchildrentolearn,toplayandtoprogressinschool.Butwhatmademeexcitedwaslearningabouttheafter-schoolprogrammeonhandlingenvironmentalchallenges.Astemperaturesarerising,soarechildrenrisingtotheoccasion.Throughthelifeskillstrainingprogramme,studentsinGrade9,learntoanalyseproblems,learntoworktogether,learntofindsolutions.Theprogrammealsohelpsthemtounderstandtheenvironmentalchallengesoftoday'sworldandhowasyoungpeopletheycanbepartofthesolution.Intheafternoon,Iwenttoseetheimpactoftheirworkinthefield.Wehadlunchwiththecommunityleadersandyouthvolunteersaswellasa12-year-oldstudentfromtheschool.Theyshowedmewhattheyhaddoneintermsofwastemanagement.Thevillagewascleanandgreen.Andthecommunityleadersaidtome,“Iamgratefulforthisprogramme."DuringthechatIthoughtyoungpeoplecanbeandmustbepartofthesolution.Theymaynotberainmakers,buttheycertainlyarechangemakers!Whatdoestheauthormeanbysayingtheunderlinedwords?Lackofrainisbadforplantingcrop.RaininglessupsetssomeCambodians.Cambodiaissufferingfromdrought.SomeofCambodiansdislikeheaverain.WhatdidtheauthorfeelwhenseeingCambodianstudents?Concerned. B.Fullofadmiration.C.Annoyed. D.Filledwithstress.Whatisthepurposeofsettinguptheprogramme?Toimprovethestudents'lifeskills.Todemonstrateenvironmentalprotection.Tointroduceanewmethodtodealwithwaste.Toimprovestudents'awarenessofprotectingtheirenvironment.Whatisthemaintopicofparagraph5?Theprocessofwastemanagementinthevillage.Theauthor'slunchexperiencewithdifferentpeople.Theintroductionoftheafter-schoolprogrammeindetail.Theimpactofstudents'workonthevillageenvironment.CThepatientwasagoat.Itwasbeingtreatedforitsbladderstone（膀胱结石）.Itwasalsocontributingtonewresearchthataimstoaccuratelymeasurepainnotonlyingoats,butotheranimalsaswellandeven,oneday,inpeople.“Ifwesolvetheproblemwithanimals,wecanalsosolvetheproblemforchildrenandotherpatientswhocan'tspeak,"saidLudovicaChiavaccini,aclinicalassociateprofessorintheUniversityofFlorida'sCollegeofVeterinaryMedicine.Chiavacciniandhercolleaguesfilmedthefacesofgoatsthatwereinpainandthosethatwerecomfortable.Thentheyfedthedataintoanartificialintelligence-basedmodelwhichlearnttodistinguishgoatsinpainbytheirfacesalone.Accordingtothetest,theaccuracyofthesystem,trainedandtestedon40goatssofar,was62%to80%atidentifyingpainedfaces.Withdataonmoregoatsandotheranimalspecies,thesekindsofAImodelsmayhelpdoctorstreatpaineffectivelyinpatientstheycan'tspeakwith."It'snotjustananimal-welfareissue,”Chiavaccinisaid."Wealsoknowanimalsthatareinpaindon'tgainweight.Farmersarebecomingmoreandmoreawareoftheneedtocontrolpaininanimals.”Painassessmentinanimalshashistoricallybeenbothdifficultandsubjective（主观的）.Traditionally,veterinarians（兽医）hadtorelyondecadesofexperiencetomakecorrectjudgment.Researchershavedevelopedstandardizedpainscalesfordifferentspeciesinrecentyearstoreducesubjectivity,butthequalityofthosemeasuresvarieswildly.WhenChiavacciniandherteamstartedthestudy-inspiredbyagraduatestudent'sloveofgoats-therewasn'tanypainscaleavailableforgoatsatall."Today,asinglepainscoreforgoatsexists.Butitisonlysuitableformalegoatsthatareinpain,showingthatamoregeneralsystemisneeded,"Chiavaccinisaid.Howdoestheauthorbringinthetopicofthetext?Byraisingaquestion. B.Bydescribingascene.C.Bydoinganexperiment. D.Byanalyzingacase.Whydothefarmersintendtocontroltheanimals'pain?Toincreaseanimal'sweight. B.Toimprovetheirfarmingskills.C.Toreducetheirtreatmentcosts. D.Toimproveanimals'happiness.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"standardized"inthelastparagraphmean?Expensive. B.Temporary. C.One-formed. D.Complicated.What'sthebesttitleofthistext?Pain:Patients'SourceofSuffering B.AI:BringingHopetotheFutureC.Goats:theTargetofMedicalExperts D.AIModels:DetectingFacesinPain第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsformakingconversationSomepeopleseemtobeborntoknowhowtostartaconversationwithanyoneinanyplace.32Herearesomeeasywaystotalktoanewperson.Talkaboutthethingsaroundortheevent.Ifyou'reataparty,youcansaysomethingniceabouttheplace,thefoodorthemusic.Like"Ilovethissongalot.”“Thefoodisreallygood.Haveyoutriedthechicken?”33Forexample,“Ilikeyourbag,wheredidyoubuyit?"or“Youseemtoknowwhattodo.Canyoutellmewheretosignin?”Thesearethebesttopicsforpeoplepresenttotalkaboutwhatbothknow.34Agoodquestionrequiresmorethanjustayesornoanswer.Followthejournalist’swayandaskaquestionstartingwithoneofthe5W's(or1H):who,where,when,what,why,orhow.Forexample,"Whodoyouknowhere?"“WheredoyouusuallygoonaFriday?”"Whendidyoumovehere?”“Whatkeepsyoubusy?”35“Howisthewine?”Mostpeopleliketotalkaboutthemselves,soaskingaquestionisagoodwaytostartaconversation.Listencarefully.Listeningisn'tthesameasjustwaitingtotalk.Youcan'tpayattentiontowhatothersaresayingifyou'rethinkingaboutwhatyou'llsaynext.Goodcommunicationneedsyoutofixyourattentioncompletelyonthespeakerandshowyourinterestintheirwords.Nodonceinawhile,smileatthem,andmakesureyourbodypositionisfriendlyandwelcoming.36Asamatteroffact,whattrulymattersisstillyourwillingnessandcourageAfterso,noonewillstartaconservationwithsomeonewhokeepssilentallthetime.GivingapraiseisOKtoo.Askanopen-endedquestion.Askquestionasmuchasyoucan.Sometimes,liesofgoodnesswillalsohelp.“Whydidyoudecidetobecomeavegetarian（素食主义者）？”Encouragethespeakertocontinueusingsimpleresponseslike“yes"or“uhhuh”.Ifyou'renotoneofthoseluckytypeswhocanmakefriendseasily,don'tworry.第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LorraineStewarthuggedher4-hour-oldboybabywhosenamewasCourtinherhospitalbed.Shortlyafter,adoctor37namedHallieAllisonenteredLorraine'sroom.AllisonwasexaminingLorrainewhenshe38thatCourtdidn'tmoveandhisfacebecamepale.Allisonmadea39todofirstaid.ShetookCourtfromLorraineandplacedhiminan40place.Withinseconds,shecalledherchargedoctor.“Something'snotright,”Allisonsaid.ThenAllisonstartedCPR.Theroombecame41quiet.Lorrainesatup,andshecouldhearthesoundofherownbreathing.Shehurtandwasexhaustedafter42thebaby.Meanwhile,ateamofnursesanddoctors43CPRonCourt.Finally,Courttookabreath．Thedoctor＇s 44 wasthathe’dhadaseizure（癫痫）,thoughwhattheyjudgedwasnottotally 45 Doctorsletanursefeedhimsomeanti-seizuremedicine.Hesettledintotheintensivecareunit（重症监护室）forfurther 46 .Allisonwenthomeattheendofher47,butshethoughtaboutthemotherandherbaby.Shecalledhercolleaguesto48aboutthemthroughoutthenight.Shevisitedthemotherandherbabyeverydaywhenshewasatwork.Amonthafterbirth,Courtwenthome.Now,he'san49andhealthyone-year-oldboy,whichmadehisfamilyhappy.Inspiredbythisexperience,Allison 50 herfamilytoletherapplytodoctorpractitionerprogramme（执业医师项目）.Thisyear,Allisonalsowonherhospital'sPresidentialAward.Whileonstageacceptingtheaward,shereceivedanother51 LorraineandCourtshowedup.37.A.applicantB.assistantC.employerD.explorer38.A.researchedB.witnessedC.clarifiedD.revealed39.A.decisionB.commentC.summaryD.devotion40.A.appropriateB.unrealC.unreliableD.impressive41.A.slightlyB.easilyC.reasonablyD.entirely42.A.abandoningB.adoptingC.deliveringD.educating43.A.wentthroughB.broughtforwardC.subscribedtoD.proceededwith44.A.applicationB.arrangementC.judgementD.operation45.A.urgentB.reliableC.complexD.visible46.A.defendingB.stretchingC.monitoringD.exposing47.A.dutyB.bathC.tourD.panic48.A.worryB.hearC.bringD,inquire49.A.frightfulB.creativeC.sincereD.adorable50.A.convincedB.commandedC.arrangedD.invited51.A.honourB.glanceC.surpriseD.recipe第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AircraftdesignerGuSongfenandnuclearexpertWangDazhong52(award)theStatePreeminentScienceandTechnologyAward,China'stopsciencehonour,on3rdNovember,2021.Theyreceivedtheprizefortheiroutstandingcontributionsto53(science)andtechnologicalinnovation.Bornin1930Guisawell-knownaircraftdesigner,andanaviationstrategyscientist.From1961to1986,heserved54thechiefdesigneranddirectoroftheShenyangAircraftDesignadnResearchInstitute,55ispartoftheAviationIndustryCorporationofChina.He,togetherwithhisassistants,established56uniquesystem,whichwasfarmoreadvancedthanthatinAmerica.What'smore,hecarriedouttwoaviationstrategic57(research),makingasignificantcontributiontoChina'saviationscienceandtechnology.Bornin1935,Wangisa58(distinguish)scholarandstrategicscientistininternationalnuclearenergy.He59(commit)himselftodevelopingadvancednuclearenergysystemswithinherentsafetyfeaturessinceheworked.60impressesthenationisthathehashelpedChinamakegreatprogressinthedevelopmentofhigh-temperaturegas-cooledreactortechnology,61(lay)animportantfoundationforthecountrytostepintotheforefrontgloballyinthefieldofadvancednuclearenergy.第四部分基础知识（共三节,满分35分）第一节单项选择（101.5分,15分A、B、C、DThedoctor findingasolutiontoasevereillness,whichcausedsomanydeaths.devotedhimselfon B.devotedhimselftoC.managedto D.dependedonI yourtryingtomakesomemoney,butyoushouldn'tneglectyourstudies.approveof. B.referto C.writedown D.appealtoWolongNaturalReserveishome pandaswhich bamboos.to;feedfor B.to;feedon C.for;livefor D.for;liveinTheboy byhisteacherworkedharderthananyoneelseinhisclass,whichhisfathergreatlyshocked.praises;make B.praise;makeC.praising;made D.praised;madeShefinallymanaged herbrother playingcomputergamesalldaylong.topersuade;giveup B.persuade;givingupC.topersuade;togiveup D.persuade;givenupIthasnotbeendecided willattendtheimportantmeeting.what B.whom C.which D.whoSmoking inthepublicplacessincethebancameintoeffectinShanghai.Aprohibited B.wasprohibitedC.hasprohibited D.hasbeenprohibitedWhenheknewhisanswerwascorrect,his faceshowedthathewassuccessfulandhiseffortwas .satisfied;delighted B.satisfied;delightingC.satisfying;delighting D.satisfying;delightedWefound funnythatthenews hehadbeenadmittedtoBeijingUniversitywasnottrue.it;what B.us;what C.it;that D.us;thatwithourhouse,hishouse windowsfacesouthismorecomfortable.Comparing;whose B.Comparing;whichC.Compared;whose D.Compared;which第二节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）请根据首字母或括号内的中文提示写单词的正确形式（请把单词完整地填写到答题卡规定区域）。ThoughtheSamiareallowedtocontinuetheirtraditionalwayoflifeinthepark,nooneelsecanlivehere,andallnewdevelopmentisb withinparkboundaries.Thesecondtheorywascorrect,butJohnSnowneededp .Peoplefavourshakinghands,b fromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.Thenextmorning,thetwogirlsa earlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise,passingthroughtheCanadianRockies.Theskinisanessentialpartofyourbodyandisitslargesto .WhilepaintersasearlyasDaVincihadusedoil,thistechniquereacheditsheightwithRembrandtwhogained （名誉）asamasterofshad