八年级英语牛津译林版上册期中复习四语法

八年级英语牛津译林版上册期中复习

专题四语法

【重要语法归纳】

(-)

1.用形容词的比较级计较两件事物的数量：

More...than可修饰可数名词复数形式，也可修饰不可数名词；

Fewer...than修饰可数名词复数形式；

Less...than修饰不可数名词

2.用形容词的最高级比较三件或三件以上的事物的数量

Themost可修饰可数名词复数形式，也可修饰不可数名词

Thefewest修饰可数名词复数形式

Theleast修饰不可数名词

3.副词的比较级和最高级

不规则变化：well-better-best；badly—worse—worst;

far---farther/further---ferthest/furthest

(二)

反身代词的含义及构成：

所谓反身代词，是指人们用来反指自己的代词。英语中的反身代词共

有8个，它们有人称和数的变化。

反身代词的构成有极强的规律性：第一、第二人称的反身代词由形容

词性的物主代词加一self或一selves构成；第三人称的反身代词由人

称代词的宾格加一self或一selves构成。

反身代词的用法：

反身代词与它所指代的一名词或代词形成互指关系，在句中常用作宾

语、表语或同位语。

1.反身代词可以用作一些动词（短语）或介词的宾语，此时，句子的

主语和宾语必须同一个人或物。如：

Wemustlookafterourselvesandkeepfit.

我们必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。

Sheoftenbuysherselfniceclothes.

她经常为自己买漂亮的衣服。

Don'tthinktoomuchofyourself!别过多地为自己考虑！

2.反身代词在句中还可以用作主语或宾语的同位语，用来加强语气，

表示“亲自、本人、本身”等意思、。但反身代词在句中不能单独作主语。

如：

Idon'tneedanyhelp.Icandoitmyself.我不需要帮助，我自己能

做。（主语的同位语）这句话不可表示成1don'tneedanyhelp,myselfcan

doit.

Ifyouwanttoknowmore,youmayaskMissWhiteherself.

如果你想了解更多情况，你可以问一问怀特小姐木人。（宾语的同位

语）

3.反身代词在句中还可以用作连系动词的表语。如：

Thelittleboyinthephotowashimself.

照片中的那个小男孩就是他自己。

反身代词构成的固定表达：

反身代词可以与一些介词、动词搭配，构成一些十分有用的固定短

语。如：

byoneself意为“独自,凭自己”，相当于alone；enjoyoneself意为“玩

得高兴，过得愉快”，相当十havefun或haveagoodtime；

helponeselfto…意为“随便吃或喝点....随便用……”；

keep...tooneself意为“不将某事说出去“；

saytooneself意为"自言自语

(三)

1.祈使句。

祈使句表示命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动

词用原形，其否定形式就是在句首加Don匕祈使句一般有四种类型：

(1)行为动词类型：Openthedoor,please!请把门打开！

Don'topenthedoor,please!请不要开门!

⑵以let开头的祈使句：Letmego(here.让我去那儿吧。

(3)“Be+形容词”类型：Becareful!小心!

(4)“No+名词/动名词”类型：Nosmoking!禁止吸烟！

(5)祈使句的反义疑问句的简略疑问句，一般用willyou?

但是Let's.…句型后加shallwe?

2.用should,hadbetter等提建议。

(1)Wouldyoulike/love(todo)sth.?

这是一个很委婉的表示建议的句型，并带有与对方商量的意味,

意为“你想要(做)……吗？”。

⑵ShallI/wedosth.?

此句型是用来提建议或征求对方意见的，意为“我(们)做……好吗？",

语气委婉，商量的语气较浓。

(3)Let'sdosth.

当你觉得可以直截了当地向对方提出建议，让对方和自己一起去做某

事时，常用该句型，意为“咱们做……吧。”该句型后常加附加问句

-shallwer,使语气更加委婉。

(4)主语+hadbetter(not)dosth..

该句型用于表示对下级、晚辈的劝告，往往带有命令、强制的语气，

意为“某人最好(不要)做某事

⑸Whydon'tyou/wedosth.?表示向对方提出一种建议或询问某种原

因，暗含有责备对方的意思，意为“为什么不……？

(6)What/Howabout(doing)sth.?

如果是在讨论式的谈话中，可用该句型提出一个建议或引出一个新话

题。

(7)Youshould(not)do...,

此句型意为“你(不)应该做……should的语气比hadbetter要委

婉。

【课堂专练】

一、单项选择

()1.Doyouwanttobehealthy?.canhelpyoustay

healthy.

A.SmilingB.SmileC.TosmileD.Smiled

()2.—Johnissoexcited.Didhewinthecompetition?

一Yes.Hewasluckyandhehadoneminutetocompletethe

specialtask,nomoreandnoless.

A.especiallyB.probablyC.exactlyD.hardly

()3.—You'dbettersomepopcornorsoftdrinksbeforethe

filmbegins.

—ButIthinkit'sbetteranythingwhilewatchingthefilm.

A.buy;nothaveB.tobuy;nottohave

C.tobuy;nothaveD.buy;nottohave

()4.——AreyouhappywithBruce'snewworksofart?

一Notalittle.Theycouldn'tbe.

A.anybetterB.anyworseC.sobadD.thebest

()5.Amyisacarefulgirlthatshemademistakesinherlast

exam.

A.so;solittleB.so;suchlittleC.such;suchfewD.such;sofew

()6.—Tim,youarealwayssolazy!I'veneverseenbedroomthan

thisone.——Sorry,mum.Iwilltidyituprightnow.

A.theuntidyB.amoreuntidierC.theuntidiestD.anuntidier

()7.ThepopulationofChinaismuchthanthatofcountry

inAfrica.

A.more;anyB.larger;anyotherC.more;anyotherD.larger;any

()8.Oh,sorry,Ican'tyou.Couldyousayitinaloud?

A.listento:voiceB.hear;sound

C.hear;voiceD.listento;noise

()9.—Damon,whatwouldyouliketoeatnow?

一Oh,mom,anythingwilldo.

A.most;mostB.almost;almostC.almost;mostD.most;almost

()10.Thewatchtowerisagoodplacetoenjoythebeautyofthewhole

citybecauseofits.

A.sizeB.lengthC.heightD.shape

()11.funwehavewitheachotheratlunchtime!

A.How:tochatB.What;chatting

C.What;tochatD.How;chatting

()12.—Couldyoutellmewhenshewilltheairport?

一Well,before5p.m.Thenshewillyourhomeassoonaspossible.

A.arrive;reachB.arriveat;reach

C.arrive;reachatD.arriveat;reachat

()13.Tomissuretofindthemuseum,sincehehasaprettygoodof

direction.

A.ideaB.feelingC.senseD.experience

()14.theboybrownhairlike?

A.Howis;withB.What;with

C.What's;haveD.What's:with

()15.Hownicethepancake!Ican'twaitit!

A.looks;tastingB.likes;totaste

C.Lookslike;tastingD.looks;totaste

()16.Youwillfindasyoureadthisbookthatyoujustcan'tkeepsome

ofthesestoriesto.Youwillwanttosharethemwithafriend.

A.itselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.themselves

()17.Theswimmingpoolisdirtywater.Cleanitbeforeyouswim.

A.fillwithB.fullofC.filledofD.fullwith

()18.It'ssocoldtoday.Let'stakeataxi,?

A.areweB.doweC.haveweD.shallwe

()19.Whynotyourteacherforhelpwhenyoucan*tfinishit

byyourself?

A.ask;writingB.toask:writing

C.ask;writeD.asking;write

()20.—Howareyougoing,buddy?—.Alittlebusy,though.

A.NottoobadB.Can'tbeworse

C.OnmyownD.Bytrain

二、适当形式填空

1.Maryisvery.She'shappytheweak.(help)

2.Hefeltbecausehismotherwasill.(happy).

3.ZhaoHuaisgoodat,sosheveryquickly,

(run)

4.Thoseclothesarethe(visit).

5.Itwascoldyesterday,(terrible)

6.Mycat(catch)two(mouse)lastnight.

7.They(hold)a(parent)meetinglastweek.

8.Hisfatherwasangrybecausehedidhomework(care).

9.The(goldfish)inthetankarecolour.

10.ShouldJim(take)hisumbrellawithhim?

11.Ourteacher(tell)us(notread)inthesun.

12.Agoodisalwayspolitebeforeandafter(visit).

13.They(notbe)carefulwhentheydidhomework.

14.1forgottobuy(I)apresentinmybirthday.

15.Whenhe(get)tired,he(sleep)forawhile.

16.Thegoldfish(look)beautifulwhenhe(swim).

17.Jimhasaparrot(call)Polly.Itlearns(repeat)the

wordspeoplesay.

18.(be)quiet,please.Youmustn't(make)any

noseinclass.

19.Youshould(take)yourraincoatwithyou.It

(rain)soon.

20.ThisbookisveryandIaminit.(interest).

21.Whatabout(go)shoppingtomorrow?

22.CanIhavesome(much)foodtoo.

23.How(sad)helookedattheparty!

24.How(sad)helookedathisfather!

25.TheteachermadeJack(go)outofclass.

26.Whydoyoumakeyourfatherso(angry).

27.It'sgoodtolearnEnglishina(fun)way.

28.Myfriendisvery(friend)and(help).Ilikehim

verymuch.

29.Herfamilyareall(music).

3().How(good)doesheknowhisfriends?

31.1thinkit's(bore)toplaycomputergames.

32.Hewasveryhappybecauseof(win)thegame.

33.Hisvoicesounds(music).

34.Thesickboyismuch(thin)thanthehealthyboy.

35.Thisstoryisalittle(fun)thanthatone.

36.Amy'sdrawingis(bad)than(I).

37.Ourcarsaren'tas(new)asthe

(visit).

38.Jimis(tall)ofthetwoboys.

39.Skiinganddiving(be)(danger)than

theotheractivities.

40.Shedoes(well)ofallinthesingingcompetitionevery

thime.

41.1feel(happy)whenmyfriendsaresad.

42.I'm(real)happy(tell)youaboutmyfuture

plans.

43.Childrenunder1.2metersin(high)don'thavetobuytickets

whentheyvisitamuseum.

44.It's(care)ofhimtoknockmybooksoffthedesk..

45.Now,JayChowisoneof(popular)(sing).

46.Doyoufeel(comfort)whenyoutakesomemedicine?

47.It's(bore)todoexercisesallday.

48.Givemesomething(taste)toeat.

49.Hehad(cook)lessonsinschoollastyear.Shejoinedin

the(sing)Grouplastterm.

50.Iwanttoeatmuch(health)foodtokeepmuch

(fit)

51.I'm(please)witha(please)taste.

52.Wealwayshaveagreattime(learn)and

(speak)English.

53._______(drive)acartakes(little)timethan

__________(take)abus.

54.Thesecoatsarethose(hero).

55.Doyouthinkdogsare(smart)thanpeople?

56.Whois(lazy),HoboorEddie?

57.Weneed(little)moneyand(few)peopletodo

theworkbetter.

58.Canyoutellmeany(different)between

(Britain)Englishand(America)English?

59.Jimjumps.LiPingjumpsthanJim.Simon

jumpsofall.(far).

60.Maths(be)veryimportant.Weshouldworkhardatit.

61.Themovie(be)onatthecinemalastweek.

62.Ofallthethings,theoneoverthere(bad).

63.Jillisn'tas(tall)asLucy,butsheismuch

(heavy)and(fat)thanLucy.

64.1knowtheyaretryingtheir(good)inthismatter.

65.Thisis(expensive)printerintheshop.

66.Oneof(nice)boys(like)football.

67.(swim)(be)betterthan

(hike).

68.Hereadsmagazines(quiet)ofusthree.

69.Howthechildrenare!Theyareplaying

(noise).

70.Hismotheris40yearsoldat(little).

71.Theycandotheseexercisevery

(easy).

72.Lindais(good)atGeographythanPeter,but

(bad)athistory.

73.Idon'tliketheseold(one).Pleaseshowmesomething

new.

74.Hegetsup(early)thanIdo.

75.Thispictureisn'tthesameasthatone.There9re

(different)betweenthem.

76.Sheisveryshy.Shedoesn'tlike(be)onTV.

77.Ifit(notsnow)tomorrow,wewanttogoonaschooltrip.

78.Howmanypets(monkey)dotheyhave?

79.Itisimpossible(snow)inGuangzhou.

80.Ifhe(notbe)careful,hewillfalldownfromthetree.

【答案】

一、1—5BCDAD6—10DDCDC11