中欧产煤区能源转型国际对比研究报告：聚焦公正转型指数、就业及经济多元化

中欧产煤区能源转型国际对比研究JustEnergyTransitionIndex,employmentandeconomicdiversification我们研究的研究对象Whichregionsdidwestudy?1个煤炭就业jobincoal1个煤炭就业jobincoalminin3.62个间接就业jobsinothersectors直接就业Directemployees：926,000欧洲最大煤电发电厂Largestinpowergeneration：93%采矿行业贡献ContributionofminingtoGDP：32%失业率Unemploymentrate：天然气发电占比Shareofgasinpowergeneration：69%2|Source:AgoraEnergyTransitionChina2024研究他们做什么？Whatdidwedowiththem?•定位转型阶段Definingthetransformationphase•明确不同维度的优势和劣势Evaluatingstrengthsandweaknessesacrossvariousdimensions•汲取处于转型后期的地区的经验和教训Learningfromtheexperiencesandlessonsfromtheregionsinmoreadvancedstagesoftransition•转型阶段相似的地区，可探索对共同挑战的解决方案Forregionsatsimilarstagesoftransition,wecouldaddresssharedchallengesandexploresolutionsTransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社会发展维度——TransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社会发展维度——SocialdevelopmentEconomy0,050中国山西（2022）波兰贝尔哈托夫4|Source:AgoraEnergyTransitionChina2024TheregionwiththelowestshareofcoalintheirenergymixdoesnotnecessarilyachievethehighestscoresTransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社会发展维度——TransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社会发展维度——SocialdevelopmentEconomy0,050 中国山西（2022）波兰贝尔哈托夫波兰上西里西亚德国卢萨提亚德5|Source:AgoraEnergyTransitionChina2024InShanxiandPoland,themostpressingchallengeslieinthedimensionsofeconomicandsocialdevelopment.TransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社会发展维度——TransitionmomentumEmissionsabatement社会发展维度——SocialdevelopmentEconomy0,050中国山西（2022）波兰贝尔哈托夫波兰上西里西亚6|Source:AgoraEnergyTransitionChina2024就业问题-山西vs大波兰东部地区Employmentissue:Shanxiv.s.EasternWielEasternWielkopolska就业问题-山西vs大波兰东部地区Employmentissue:Shanxiv.s.EasternWielAgoraandShanxidelegationvisitedZEPAKMeandthegiantretiredminingmachineAdecommissionedcoalminetobeturnedintoanartificiallake8|Sphotocredit:ZhouYang经济多元化-山西省vs罗兹省LodzkieLinfenTransitioningcoalcapitaltonon-coal,non-energyindustries10|Photocredit:小红书956711975,726950330,6614586786主要结论Keyfindings不论是德国还是英国，能源转型和公正转型政策的发生时间并不完全一ThetransitionawayfromcoalandjusttransitionpolicieshavenothappenedsimultaneouslyattheverybeginninginGermanyandtheUK.However,forregionslikeShanxiandPoland,itisessentialthatthejusttransitionpoliciessecurethewholeItisrecommendedthattheNationalDualCarbonWorkingLeadershipGroupalsorangeofpublic,social,andprivatesectorstakeholders.Leveragingthesocio-economicresourcesofleadingcoalcompanies,supportthecompaniestotaketheleadinachievingcarbonpeakingandcarbonneutrality.11|Photoc