Unit 4 Journey across a Vast Land 现在分词与过去分词的区别 人教版（2019）选择性必修二

Unit4JourneyAcrossAVastLandPeriodIII-Discoverusefulstructures过去分词vs.现在分词如果句中已经存在一个_______动词，那么在没有_____________的情况下，这个句子就是

______句，那么,另一个动词要选用______动词。Revision谓语连词或引导词简单非谓语使用非谓语动词的条件：判断下列句子应使用谓语还是非谓语动词（1）Thebook__________(write)bySanMao.（2）Ilikereadingthenovels________(write)bySanMao（3）He_____(go)intotheclassroom,openedhisbookandwroteontheblackboard.（4）Althoughitiswinternow,thetreeintheschoolcampus____(look)beautiful.（5）Thegirlthatlivesinthecity_____(make)aphonecalltothefarmeryesterday.（6）Shegotoffthebus,but_____(leave)herbookinthebus.（7）Shegotoffthebus,______(hold)herbook.（8）_______(drive)byaburningdesireforadventure,LiMinglefthomeandstartedtotravelaroundhisearlytwentieswaswrittenwrittenwentlooksmadeleftholdingDriven确定谓语动词or非谓语动词？填非谓语动词：句子中已有_________且无______________。判断非谓语动词的形式：12Summary谓语动词连词或引导词目的、将来，用_________主动、进行，用_________被动、完成，用_________tododoingdone【探究感知】观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能:1.Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountainsandforestsofCanadalookedmassive.2.Lookingatthebeautifulscenery,theybothagreedthatitwasthemostawesomejourneytheyhadevertaken.3.Totally

touched,shefailedtoutterasingleword,tearsblurringhereyes.4.Thethoughtofcrossingthewholecountrybyrailwasexciting.【要义精析】一、系动词be/get/feel/remain/seem/look/become+过去分词（表语-主语状态）Itwillundoubtedlyhelpyouget

refreshed!它无疑会帮助你精神焕发!Ⅰ.过去分词作表语二、过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别*Thecupisbroken.杯子碎了。*Thecupwasbroken

by

Tom.杯子是汤姆打碎的。表语：状态被动：动作【即学活用】语法填空/翻译句子(1)Talkingwithothersaboutourpressurecanmakeusfeel________(relax).(2)Theythinkthatitisawasteoftimeandwemayget________(injure)intheprocess.relaxedinjured【要义精析】三.过去分词与动词-ing作表语的区别*与感觉有关的动词：·过去分词：人感觉...的(饰人、声音或表情等);·过去分词：令人....(饰物);exciting令人激动的excited激动的，兴奋的surprising令人惊讶的surprised惊讶的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的frightening令人惊恐的frightened受惊的interesting令人感兴趣的interested感兴趣的moving令人感动的moved感动的pleasing令人高兴的pleased高兴的shocking令人震惊的shocked震惊的tiring令人劳累的tired感到劳累的worrying令人担心的worried担心的satisfying令人满意的satisfied满意的puzzling令人迷惑的puzzled迷惑的Readandmemorize【即学活用】

用所给词的适当形式填空(1)The__________lookonherfacesuggestedthatshewas_______bythe___________scene.(frighten)(2)Thesceneis________,andI’mvery________atpresent.(excite)(3)Whathedidis___________,soI’m___________bywhathedid.(encourage)(4)Theaudiencewereall_______totearsbythe________film.(move)(5)(应用文之推荐信)Idobelieveyouarecertainlytobe________bythe_________sceneryofMountTai.(amaze)frightenedfrightenedfrighteningexcitingexcitedencouragingencouragedmovedmovingamazedamazing目标一:Tocomparetheuseandfunctionofthepastparticipleswiththe-ingformsActivity1:FillineachblankwiththecorrectformofaverbfromtheboxthentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.seefrightenheadamaze1Thegirlswere______toseesuchanopencountry.Thefarmscoveredaverylargearea,whichwas_________.2Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe__________.Doyoufeel___________whengoingintothewildernessalone?3______fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating.______thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwasfascinatedbytheautumncolours.4_________eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRockies.Finally,thecompany—______byitsnewmanager—startedtomakeaprofit.amazedamazingfrighteningfrightenedSeenSeeingHeadingheadedtextbookP41练习1.1姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。

这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。2独自一人进入荒野令人恐惧。

你一个人进入荒野感到恐惧吗？3从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。

我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。4往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。

最终，在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。目标二：Tousethepastparticiplesand-ingformscorrectlyActivity1:

Completethesentenceswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.ThentranslatethesentencesintoChineseandsaytheuseofthe-edand-ingforms.1Webecame_______whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.Weexpectedtoexperiencealotof_______thingsthere.2Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso_______.Theeight-hourtrainridewasquite_______.3Iwasnot_______withthehotel.ItwasnotascleanasIhadexpected.Butwehada_______mealatthehotel'srestaurant,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.4Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchedTV.Sadly,theTVprogrammesthatdaywerereally_______.Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefeltpretty_______.boreexcitetiresatisfyexcitedexcitingtiredtiringsatisfiedsatisfyingboringboredtextbookP41练习2.1想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里体验

很多令人激动的事情。2由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八小时的火车行程

令人疲惫不堪。3我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不过

我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好一些了。4第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是待在宾馆看电视。不幸的是，

当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊赖。现在分词(V-ing)和过去分词(V-ed)作状语youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.thecitylookslikeabiggarden.thegirlwasveryhappy.theywenttobed.when/how?when/how?when/why?when/why?Seeingfromthehill,Seenfromthehill,Havingfinishedhishomework,区别：过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的______关系,即表示被动;动词-ing与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的_______关系,即表示主动。动宾主谓Encouragedbytheteacher,作用：分词在句中作状语时,修饰谓语动词或整个句子，说明动作发生的__________________________伴随、结果、让步情况等，其逻辑主语是句子的主语。相当于一个状语从句或and连接的并列结构时间、原因、条件、方式、分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing,被动用-ed。havingdone表先后，千万要牢记。♦过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别·过去分词与句子的主语存在逻辑上的被动关系

（被动/主语状态）·现在分词与句子的主语存在逻辑上的主动关系（主动/进行/习惯）*Thecoldsoondrovehisgeeseintothebarn,followedbytheswans.*Delightedandexcited,weenteredthetrackfield,followingourleader.【即学活用】语法填空(1)________(locate)inthecitycenter,ourschoolenjoysgreatpopularity.(2)Gradually,Iadjustedmyself,_________(follow)Aunt’sinstructions.LocatedfollowingUsingthebook,Ifinditveryuseful.(主谓关系)在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。注意：无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.(

)Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.(

)Ifthethiefiscaught,thepolicewillpunishhim/her.(

)×√

√

【要义精析】Ⅱ.过去分词作状语相当于一个状语从句，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果1.作时间状语（可在分词前加上连词“when,while,until”,使意义更明确）Asked

whether

he

could

do

me

a

favor,heagreedreadily.→When

he

was

asked

whether

he

could

do

me

a

favor,heagreedreadily.【要义精析】2.作原因状语（相当于原因状语从句或并列句）Frozen

in

a

panic,IhadnoideawhattodowhenIheardasweetvoicebehindme.→Because

I

was

frozen

in

a

panic,IhadnoideawhattodowhenIheardasweetvoicebehindme.【要义精析】3.作条件状语（可加连词if,unless等转换成条件状语从句）Given

the

right

to

deal

with

their

own

money,childrenwillhaveagreatopportunitytoestablishaclearideaoffinancialmanagement.→If

children

are

given

the

right

to

deal

with

their

own

money,theywillhaveagreatopportunitytoestablishaclearideaoffinancialmanagement.4.作让步状语（可加although,though,evenif,eventhough,whether...or等连词转换成让步状语从句）Though

exhausted

with

sweat,weallcheeredwithgreatjoy.→Though

we

were

exhausted

with

sweat,weallcheeredwithgreatjoy.5.作方式、伴随状语（相当于and连接的并列句）Therewillbelecturesontheimportanceofreading,followedbybookreviewspresentedbystudentsreaders.→Therewillbelecturesontheimportanceofreading,and

they

are

followedbybookreviewspresentedbystudentsreaders.注意1：有些过去分词源于系表结构,作状语不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态.常见的分词/短语有:lost:迷路;seated:坐;hidden:躲着lost/absorbedin:沉溺于;dressedin:穿着;tiredof:厌烦*Lost

in

thought,hedidn’thearthebell.*Seated

in

thechairatthewindow,theoldladyfeltataloss.♦独立主格结构：逻辑主语+过去分词

（可表示时间、原因、条件等）“That’sprettyanditlookswarm,”theladycriedexcitedly,her

eyes

filled

with

tears

of

gratitude.__________________________,shedidn’thearthesound.由于陷入沉思，所以她没有听到那个声音。____________________________,shelooksverybeautiful.穿着一件新衣服，她看上去很漂亮。Lost/AbsorbedindeepthoughtDressedinanewdress1.__________(give)himthechance,Ididn’tfeelregretful.2.____________(consider)oneofthesevenworldwonders,theGreatWallattractmillionsoftouristseveryyear.3.Frankly_________(speak),Idolovehim.speaking注意2：given(鉴于)/considering(考虑到)/judgingfrom等可独立引导句子，作用相当于介、连词GivingConsidered4.________(give)thathehasworkedforawholeday,hedeservestohavearest.5.____________(consider)thesituation,hedecidedtotellthetruth.GivenConsidering有些分词或不定式短语作状语,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响。常见的有:一般来说坦白地说根据……来判断考虑到……generallyspeakingfranklyspeaking/tobefrankjudgingfrom/by...considering.../taking...intoconsiderationConcerning/Regarding关于，有关Talkingof...谈到…鉴于/由于……假设,如果假使seeing...Supposing/Suppose...assuminggivenProviding..../provided(that...)说实话totellyouthetruth/tobehonesttomakematters/thingsworse长话短说tocutalongstoryshort坦率地说tobefrank更糟糕的是Judgingfrom/byhisfaciallook,thenewsmustbeterrible.

Provided/Providingthatthereissufficienttime,everyonecandothejobbetter.1.严格地讲，谁也不允许在这儿。2.从他的面部表情来判断，这个消息肯定特别可怕。Strictlyspeaking,nobodyisallowedhere.3.只要有充足的时间，每个人都可以把这个动作做的更好。翻译下列句子

用所给动词的适当形式填空①Theteachersstoodthere________

(talk)，___________

(surround)bythestudents.②_______

(see)thecat,themouseranoff.③______________

(wait)forhours,heleftindisappointment.talkingsurrounded

Seeing

Havingwaited

注意3：havingdone表示分词动作先于谓语动词发生Complete

the

sentences1

________________in

England

for

many

years,

he

can

speak

very

good

English.

(live)2.

_______________

this

wonderful

TV,

I

decided

to

buy

it

at

once

（see）3.

_______________

the

room,

I

found

the

recorder

stolen.

(enter)4

_________________

all

day

at

home

writing,

the

writer

went

out

for

a

walk

in

the

evening.

(spend)Having

livedSeeingEnteringHaving

spentExercise1.Shewatchedthefilm,________(weep)and_______(sigh).2.Theteacherstoodthere,_________(surround)byalotofstudents.3.Thestormleft,_______(cause)alotofdamagetothisarea.4.Shefelloffthebike,_________(break)herleftleg.5._______(see)fromthehill,thecityisbeautiful.6._______(see)fromthehill,youcanseethewholecity.7._______(lose)inthought,healmostranintoapost.

weepingsighingsurroundedcausingbreakingSeenSeeingLost8._____________(use)formanyyears,thebikeneedsrepairing.9._____________(fail)severaltimes,thescientiststillkeptonmakinghisexperiments.HavingbeenusedHavingfailed10.________(face)withadifficultsituation，Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.Faced11.________(face)adifficultsituation，Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.Facing12.________(absorb)inreading,wealldidn’thearthesound.Absorbed13.Properamountsofexercise,if________(carry)outregularly,canimproveourhealth.carried14.Thefanswaitedoutsidethemalljust_________(buy)thenewestmobilephones.tobuy15.Hewentfromdoortodoor,________(gather)wastepapersandmagazines.gathering16.Myshoes___________(remove),Ienteredalow-ceilingedroom.removed【即学活用】语法填空/句型转换(1)_________(satisfy)withwhatIdid,myteacherpraisedmeinclass.(2)Officially________(open)inJune2016,itisthesixthDisneythemeparkintheworld.Satisfiedopened(3)(读后续写之动作描写)Eventually,usingawalker,Mombegantotakewalksthroughthehouse,_________(follow)byOtto.(4)________(write)byCaoXueqin,Dream

of

the

Red

ChamberisoneofthefourmasterpiecesofnovelsinChina.(5)(读后续写之动作描写)Hiseyes______(fill)withtears,EastonrangthedoorbellandthankedOfficerMatthewagain.followedWrittenfilled(6)Aftertheywerediscussedmanytimes,theproblemsweresettledatlast.→____________________,theproblemsweresettledatlast.

(7)Givenmoreattention,thefirecouldhavebeenavoided.→___________________________,thefirecouldhavebeenavoided.

DiscussedmanytimesIfitwasgivenmoreattention(8)Althoughshewasleftaloneathome,Jennydidn’tfeelafraidatall.→_________________,Jennydidn’tfeelafraidatall.

(9)Surroundedbyhisstudents,theteacherwentintothelab.→Theteacher__________________________andhewentintothelab.

(10)Becausetheyweredeeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.→________________________,thechildrenbegantocry.

LeftaloneathomewassurroundedbyhisstudentsDeeplymovedbythestory【即学活用】语法填空(3)(应用文之倡议书)_______(face)withthissituation,weappealtoallthestudentstoavoidaddictiontotheInternetandtreasureourlives.(4)Doingsomehouseworkisaperfectwaytoshowourloveforparents,_______(give)themmoretimetodowhattheylike.(5)(读后续写之动作描写)_______(seize)byanawfulfeeling,Rosequicklypulledthecellphoneoutofherpocketanddialed911.(6)NotonlyamIaqualifiedEnglishlearner,butI’malsoknowledgeable,________(make)meapotentialcompetitor.FacedgivingSeizedmakingP41练习3.即学即练Example:Step1切分主句与改写部分Step2找到改写部分的动词Step3找到逻辑主语Step4确定主被动关系改写部分主句部分时间状语被动关系即学即练P41练习3.Activity2:

Task1Lookatthesentences,discussingroupandsummarizethemethodsofsentencetransformation.EXAMPLEWhenpeopleaskedthemanwhatthetripmeanttohim,hesaiditwas"anexperienceofalifetime".→Whenaskedwhatthetripmeanttohim,themansaiditwas“anexperi