高考英语总复习Unit21HumanBiology选修市赛课公开课一等奖省课获奖课件

Unit21HumanBiology1/40-2-主题语境:科普知识2/40-3-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.abuse

vt.辱骂;滥用;虐待

n.滥用;虐待;辱骂,恶语[高考佳句]①Itdealtwithissuessuchas

,violenceandunemployment.

它处理诸如吸毒、暴力及失业等问题。(·福建卷,阅读了解E篇)abuse

one’s

position

as...滥用……职务abuse

one’s

power滥用职权abuse

one’s

trust背信弃义drug

abuse/alcohol

abuse吸毒/酗酒drugabuse3/40-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子②Thelandisalivingthing.Itwillhitbackatyouifyou

.

土地是一个生物,假如你滥用它,它将会回击你。(·江西卷,阅读了解A篇)③Ineverexpectedthathewould

Iplacedinhim.

我从未料到他会辜负我对他信任。abuseitabusethetrust4/40-5-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.tolerate

vt.容忍,忍受,宽恕;允许;能经受(困难)[经典例句]①Thissortofbehaviourwillnotbetolerated.这种行为是不能允许。(1)tolerate+n.容忍……tolerate

doing...容忍/允许做……tolerate

sb/sb’s

doing容忍某人做……be(in)tolerant

of/towards(不能)容忍……(2)toleration

n.忍受,宽容,允许tolerable

adj.可容忍,可忍受;过得去(in)tolerant

adj.(不能)忍受,(无法)容忍

tolerance

n.容忍;忍受,宽容;耐力5/40-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用tolerate及其短语恰当形式填空②However,wecannotalways

tardiness,forordinarylivingrequiressome

.

然而,我们并不总是无法容忍拖延,因为通常生活需要一些宽容。(·陕西卷,六选五)③Luckily,myparentswere

ofmychoiceofmusic.

所幸是,我父母容忍了我对音乐选择。(2)写作升级④Why?Heshoutedatyou!Howcanyoutolerateit?→[满分表示]Howcanyoutolerate

atyou?

beintolerantoftolerancetolerant

hisshouting6/40-7-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.seek

v.(sought,sought)寻求,请求;试图,设法;寻找,追求[高考佳句]①Whensomerefusevaccinationand

,immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger.

当一些人拒绝接种并要求搭便车时,免疫力便下降,而且每个人都处于更大危险之中。(·北京卷,阅读了解C篇)(1)seek

help

from

sb向某人请求帮助

seek

for寻求,寻找

seek

out找出,挑出

seek

to

do

sth试图去做某事seek

one’s

advice向某人征求意见

seek

one’s

fortune寻找出路,寻找发迹机会(2)seeker

n.搜索者;探求者seekafreeride7/40-8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②OntheInternet,peoplecan

abouttheirfavoritestarsandbuyticketsatadiscountaswell,whichisbothtime-savingandeconomical.

在网上,人们能够寻找关于他们喜欢明星信息,也能够买打折票,这省时又经济。(·江苏卷,书面表示)③Yourlivesarebusyenoughdoinghomework,playingsports,makingfriends,

yourdreams.

你生活足够忙碌去做家庭作业、进行运动、交朋友、追求你梦想。(·四川卷,阅读了解B篇)seekinformationseekingafter8/40-9-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级④Besides,businessestrytoappealtocustomers’senses.→[满分表示]Besides,businesses

tocustomers’senses.(·重庆卷,阅读了解B篇)

seektoappeal9/40-10-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.oppose

v.反对;反抗,抵制[高考佳句]①Manyfarmers

becausetheyfearedthatwolveswouldkilltheirfarmanimalsorpets.

许多农民反对这个计划,因为他们害怕狼会杀死他们家畜或宠物。(·全国Ⅲ卷,阅读了解C篇)(1)oppose

sth反对某事oppose

doing

sth反对做某事seem/be/remain

opposed

to(doing)sth似乎/保持反对(做)某事(2)opposed

adj.反正确;截然不一样opposite

adv.相对地,相反地;对面地

adj.相正确,对面

prep.在……对面

n.反义词,对立事物opposedtheplan10/40-11-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②...bepatienttothepeoplewhoarethecomplete

ofthatdescription.

……对那些与那一描述完全相反人要有耐心。(·浙江卷,六选五)③Iwouldcertainly

thesystem.

我当然会反对改变这个系统。opposechangingopposite11/40-12-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级④Thisisagainstthe“earlybird”schedule,andisakindofdisorderwheretheindividualtendstostayupmuchpastmidnight.→[满分表示]This

the“earlybird”schedule,andisakindofdisorderwheretheindividualtendstostayupmuchpastmidnight.(·四川卷,阅读了解D篇)

isopposedto12/40-13-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.contradict

vt.违反,违反;与(其它事物)相矛盾,相反;反驳,批驳[教材原句]①However,ifagenerationofsportsstarswithenhancedgeneswerecreated,it

thewholespiritofsport.(Page34)

然而,假如一代有强化基因运动员明星被造出,这将有悖于整个运动精神。(1)contradict

oneself

自相矛盾in

direct

contradiction

to与……恰恰相反

(2)contradiction

n.矛盾,不一致;反驳

contradictory

adj.对立,不一致;相互矛盾wouldcontradict13/40-14-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子②Thespeakerhadgotconfused,andstarted

.演讲者已经迷惑了,(说话)开始自相矛盾。③Yourstatementstodayare

whatyousaidyesterday.

你今天申明与你昨天所说话恰恰相反。contradictinghimselfindirectcontradictionto14/40-15-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.postpone

vt.推迟,延期[高考佳句]①

themeltingoftheglaciers.

推迟了冰川溶化。(·江苏卷,阅读了解D篇)postpone

sth

to/until...把某事延迟/推迟到……postpone

doing

sth推迟做某事Postponing15/40-16-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②Theydecided

theirtripuntilnextweek,owingtothechangeoftheweather.

因为天气改变,他们决定推迟到下周起程。(2)单句语法填空③Let’spostpone

(make)adecisionuntilwehavemoreinformation.

咱们在获取更多信息之后再作决定也不迟。topostponemaking16/40-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型7.prohibit

vt.禁止;阻止,使不可能[高考佳句]①Theprofessorwasdeafandanytalking

.

教授耳聋,禁止讲话。(·全国Ⅰ卷,完形填空)(1)prohibit

sth禁止某事

prohibit

doing

sth禁止做某事prohibit

sb

from

doing

sth禁止某人做某事(2)prohibition

n.禁止;禁令wasprohibited17/40-18-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用prohibit恰当形式填空②Pleasenotethatany

itemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.

请注意,任何违禁物品都将被居住生活办公室拿走。(·天津卷,阅读了解A篇)③In1897,thestateofMichiganpassedalaw

thekillingofpassengerpigeons...

1897年,密歇根州经过了一项法律,禁止杀死旅鸽……(·全国Ⅰ卷,阅读了解B篇)(2)单句语法填空④Theyprohibit

(take)photosinthemuseum.

在博物馆他们禁止拍照。prohibitedprohibitingtaking18/40-19-高频单词重点短语难点句型(3)写作升级⑤Thedon’tallowtractorstobedriveninthetowncentre.→[满分表示]Tractors

inthetowncentre.

areprohibitedfromdriving19/40-20-高频单词重点短语难点句型8.submit

vt.递交;提交;顺从;屈服;认输[高考佳句]①Youarefree

elsewhereatthesametime.

同时你能够自由地向其它地方提交你文章。(·北京卷,阅读了解B篇)(1)submit

sth(to

sb)把某物递交(给某人)submit

to服从于,屈从于;把……提交给……,向……提出……(2)submission

n.提交;投降;顺从submissive

adj.服从;屈从;恭顺

tosubmitthearticle20/40-21-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用submit及其短语恰当形式填空②Thegirldidn’t

havingherfreedomlimited.

那个女孩不甘于让她自由受到限制。③Tomorrowisthelastdatefor

ofentriesforthecompetition.

明天是提交参赛表格最终期限。submittosubmission21/40-22-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.in

vain

徒然;白费劲气[高考佳句]①Andlook

forscatteredtoys.

而且徒劳地去寻找乱扔玩具。(·上海卷,阅读了解)take

sb’s

name

in

vain

滥用……名义四维热练完成句子②Asaninexperiencedteacher,Itriedeverymeanstogetthemtobequiet,

.

作为一名经验不足老师,我尝试了每一个方法让他们平静下来,但都无济于事。(·湖南卷,完形填空)③Thepilotstruggled

toopentheparachute.

那位飞行员努力打开降落伞却是徒劳。invainbutinvaininvain22/40-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.due

to

因为,因为;应归于[高考佳句]①Thelossofglaciersthere

globalwarmingrepresentsanenormousthreattoagriculture.

那儿因为全球变暖造成冰川消失表明对农业巨大威胁。(·江苏卷,阅读了解D篇)due

to,because

of,thanks

to和owing

to均可表示“因为,因为”,经常能够换用,due

to意为“因为”,普通不放在句首。because

of用以指出原因。thanks

to既可表示正面意义(多亏、幸亏),又可表示讽刺意义。owing

to则侧重于表示“因为,应归功于”。dueto23/40-24-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②InthenorthofIndia,thepopulationisbooming

highbirthrates...

在印度北部,人口因为高出生率快速增加……(·江苏卷,任务型阅读)③Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworld

.

该镇因为大雪而和世界其它地方隔绝了。(·北京卷,完形填空)duetoduetoheavysnow24/40-25-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级④Nowthatthechancesofdyingyoungaremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherbecauseofbetterdietsandhealthcare.→[满分表示]Nowthatthechancesofdyingyoungaremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigher

betterdietsandhealthcare.(·广东卷,完形填空)

dueto25/40-26-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.wipe

out

彻底毁灭;全部摧毁[高考佳句]①Measles,whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore,

intheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine.

经过普遍使用麻疹疫苗,曾经每年造成450名儿童死亡,甚至更多人残疾麻疹14年前在美国几乎被彻底毁灭了。(·北京卷,阅读了解C篇)wipe

sth

from/off

sp.把……从某处擦掉wipe

sth

away/off/up擦净或擦掉某物wipe

one’s

eyes擦干眼泪wipe

sth

clean/dry把……擦洁净/干wasnearlywipedout26/40-27-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子②

“Honey,yourbasketisextra-special,”Momsaid,gently

myhottears.

“亲爱,你篮子是极其尤其,”妈妈说着,轻轻地擦去我热泪。(·浙江卷,阅读了解D篇)③...anoceanlevelriseofonly0.6meterswillsendtheseguysjumpingtohighergroundanda0.9-meterrisewould

theirhabitatcompletely.

……海平面只上升0.6米将让这些物种跳到较高地面,上升0.9米就会把它们栖息地彻底毁灭。(·浙江卷,阅读了解A篇)wipingawaywipeout27/40-28-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.at

all

costs

不论多大代价,不论怎样[高考佳句]①Afterhavingtaughtfifth-gradeclassesforfouryears,Idecidedtotry

toridthemoftheirfearanddislikeofbooks,andtogetthemtoreadoftenerandmoreadventurously.

在教五年级四年后,我决定不惜一切代价尽可能让他们摆脱对书恐惧和厌恶,让他们愈加经常愈加爱冒险地去阅读。(·浙江卷,阅读了解A篇)at

the

cost

of以……为代价;丧失,牺牲at

a

cost

of以……费用/价格at

cost按成本at

no

cost不花钱at

any

cost=at

all

costs以任何代价atallcosts28/40-29-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子②Wearegrowingwonderfultomatoes

!

我们正在不花钱而种植绝好西红柿!(·全国Ⅰ卷,短文改错)(2)写作升级③Ourcountrywasoutforpeaceatanyprice.→[满分表示]Ourcountrywasoutforpeace

.

atnocostatallcosts29/40-30-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.at

any

rate

不论怎样;不论怎样;反正[教材原句]①Iftrendscontinuethewaythey’regoing,theninmyopinion,yes—indevelopedcountries

.(Page41)

假如趋势继续它们所进行方式,那么,依我看,是——反正在发达国家是这么。at

this/that

rate照此情形;如此下去at

a/the

rate

of以……速度/比率;以……价格四维热练完成句子②

,letmethankyouforallyoudid.

不论怎样,让我为你所做一切表示感激。atanyrateAtanyrate30/40-31-重点短语难点句型高频单词1.Unfortunately,it

is

not

easy

to

catch

athletes

using

illegal

drugs.(Page

34)不幸是,极难抓住使用禁药运动员。→It’s+adj.+forsbtodosth句型该句是“It’s+adj.+to

do

sth”结构,表示“做……是……”,其中it为形式主语,后面动词不定式短语为真正主语。(1)It’s+adj.+for

sb

to

do

sth结构中,做表语形容词表示不定式行为性质和特点,常见有:easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,vital,possible等。(2)It’s+adj.+of

sb

to

do

sth结构中,做表语形容词表示其中sb品行、性格或性质,常见有:kind,nice,good,friendly,wise,careful,stupid,foolish,rude,unwise,clever等。

31/40-32-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子①

tosaythat.

你对你妈妈说那话真是太无礼了。②

toprotectourenvironment.

对我们每个人来说保护环境都是十分主要。③...it’smucheasier

togetbacktoyourworkthanifyoutrytogetsomeoneoutofyourspaceevenafterexplaininghowbusyyouare.

……即使在解释你有多忙之后,假如你想让他人走出你空间,还是没有给自己找个借口回去工作要轻易得多。(·全国Ⅱ卷,语法填空)It’srudeofyouIt’sveryimportantforeveryone

toexcuseyourself32/40-33-重点短语难点句型高频单词2.Unless

we

are

careful,“gene-therapy”

will

be

the

next

big

threat.(Page

34)除非我们小心翼翼,不然,“基因治疗”将会成为下一个重大威胁。→unless引导条件状语从句句型(1)句中unless引导条件状语从句,表示“除非……,不然……”,表示其后条件状语从句所表示情况假如不发生,将发生主句情况。unless可译作“假如不……”,或“除非……,不然……”。(2)当从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句谓语动词含有动词be时,从句主语和be能够省去。33/40-34-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练(1)单句语法填空①Unless

(invite),Iwon’tgototheball.

除非我接收到邀请,不然我不会去参加那个舞会。②Unlessmoremoney

(find),theircompanywillsoonclose.

除非再弄到一些钱,不然他们企业很快就会关闭。③Theboywon’tgotosleep

hismothertellshimastory.

假如那个男孩妈妈不给他讲故事,他就睡不着。invitedisfoundunless34/40-35-重点短语难点句型高频单词(2)写作升级④Onecannotlearnalanguagewellifhedoesn’tworkhard.→[满分表示]Onecannotlearnalanguagewell

he

hard.

unlessworks35/40-36-重点短语难点句型高频单词3.In

the

future,athletes

who

have

their

genes

changed

might

be

able

to

do

the

100

metres

dash

in

just

8

seconds

or

the

marat