2022届山东省临沂市高三下学期第二次模拟考试（5月）英语试题 附答案

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟）英语2022.5注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOneofthemostchallengingaspectsoftravelingaloneistryingtomakefriendsontheroad.But,despitetheconceptionthatsolotravelmeansyouhavetobealoneallthetime,itcanactuallybeoneofthebesttimestosocializeandmeetnewpeople.Readontolearnourtipsforit!StayinhostelsIfyou'reworriedaboutfeelinglonelywhiletravelingsolo,oneofthebestwaystosolvethisproblemistostayinhostels.Theirfriendlyandopen-mindedatmospheremakesiteasytostrikeupconversations.Nomatterwhereyouare,you'11alwayshaveatleastonethingincommonwithyourfellowhostel-mates:alove'oftravel!TakepartingrouptoursandhikingWhenyou'retravelingalone,it'salltooeasytosticktoyourownroutine.Ifyou'reeagertobreakoutofit,trysigningupforagrouptouroractivity.TryusingaservicelikeBusabout,whereyoucanbooktourstailoredtoyourinterests，location,andtime-frame.Alternatively,bookanAirbnbExperiencetolearnalocal’stradeortasteregionalwines，orjoinafoodie-friendlyactivitythroughEatwith.UseanappWiththedevelopmentoftechnologyinthetravelspace,solotravelisagoodopportunitytousetechtoyouradvantage,And,ifyou’resomeonewhohastroubleintroducingyourselftostrangersinperson,travelappscanbeagreatwaytofacilitatefriendshipsontheroad.WithappslikeBackpackrandTourlina,it'sneverbeeneasiertofindand.makefriendswithfellowtravelersonline,Allyouhavetodoispackyourbagsandswiperight!1.Whatdoyouhaveincommonwithyourhostel-mateswhiletravellingalone?A.Passionfortravel.B.Useoftech.C.Experienceoflocaltrade.D.Tasteofregionalwines.2.Whichoneismostrecommendedforasolotravelertofindcompanions?A.Tourlina.B.Eatwith.C.AirbnbExperience.D.Busabout.3.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Toinspirepeopletotravelalone.B.Toemphasizethebenefitsofsolotravel.C.Toshowthechallengesoftravelingalone.D.Togiveadviceonfacilitatingfriendshipsinsolotravel.BVirginia,70，is,amassagetherapist(按摩治疗师)，fromCanadawhorecentlydecidedtotransforma2016FordTransitintohernewhomeandtaketo24/7van(厢式货车)life!Afteraclientintroducedhertoatelevisionseriesabouttinyhouseliving,Virginiathought,“Icoulddothat!"Andthat'sexactlywhatshedid!After38yearsasamassagetherapist,Virginiawatchedthisshowandthoughtaboutretirementfortheveryfirsttime.Sheenlistedthehelpofherdaughterandfriendstoputallthebitsandpiecesofthevantogether,butVirginiamadesuretohaveahandinalmosteverypartoftheprocess.Youcanseeherpersonalitywoventhroughoutthevaninfeaturesliketheceiling,woodquilteddoors,andeventhetinyspacereservedforhermassagetable!OneofVirginia'sfavoritepartsofvanlifeistheacceptingcommunity,regardlessofhowoldyouareorwhereyoucomefrom.“Thereareyoungpeopleandolderpeopleandtheyallseemtoacceptoneanotherbecauseageisn'tthepriority—it'sthatwe'reinavanlifeandwehavethatsimilarity,soit'squitelovely,”Virginiasaid.“Iloveit."ThiswasafutureVirginianeverexpected,butshewouldn'ttradeanyofit!“Youdon'tknow,whatyou'regoingtobedoinginfourorfivedays,"Virginiaexplained.“Someonecansaytoyou,'well,I'mgoingtoJoshuaTree.’Andyougo,‘JoshuaTree!InevergotoJoshuaTree.’Andthatcanbewhatyoudonext!Ilovethatpartofit.”Shehopestoencourageothersnottoletfactorslikeageor“whatif”questionskeepthemfromrunningtowardtheirgoals."Start!Don'tdream,”shesaid,“Onefootinfrontoftheother.”CanwebeVirginiawhenwegrowup?Whatanincrediblereminderthatit'snever100latetopursueourdreams!4.WhatdoesPara.1tellusaboutVirginia?A.Sheisadaringoldwoman.B.SheworkedforFordcompany.C.Sheoftenwatchedtelevisionseries.D.Shewantedtochangedherjob.5.WhatdidVirginiadotoadapthervan?A.Askinghelpfromworkers.B.Decoratingthevanaccordingtohertaste.C.Havingabigsectionleftforhermassagetable.D.Involvingherselfinthebeginningoftheprocess.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesVirginia'svanlife?A.dangerousB.fascinatingC.costlyD.ambitious7.WhatcanwelearnfromVirginia’sstory?A.Hardworkpaysoff.B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Runningfordreamsregardlessofage.D.Travellingisabetterwaythanreading.CAsmallnewNASAinstrumentmaybeabletohelppredictvolcaniceruptionsandmonitorairquality.NicknamedNACHOS,whichisshortfortheNanosatAtmosphericChemistryHyperspectralObservationSystem,waslaunchedfromVirginiaonFeb.19aboardaNGresupplymissiontotheInternationalSpaceStation.NACHOSwillsoonthenbeplacedaboardatinyCubeSatsatellitepositionedabout480kmaboveEarth,whereNASAhopesitwillbeabletodetecttracesofgaseslikeSO2andNO2in“AvolcanojustwakingupmayemitSO2beforethereisanydetectableseismic(地震的)activity,”LosAlamosNationalLaboratoryremotesensingresearcherSteveLoveexplainedinanewsrelease.“Thatgivesusachancetoidentifyapotentiallyeruptingvolcanobeforeitactuallyblows."Ifsuccessful,NACHOSwillbethesmallestandhighest-resolutioninstrumentofitskindinorbit.NASAsaysthatcouldleadtonewspace-basedsystemsthatareabletomonitorairqualityforharmfulgasesinneighborhoodsandindividualpowerplants.‘‘Whenwerecognizethatthesegasesarepresentandcanlocalizetheirsources,wehavetheopportunitytotakeactionandminimizenegativehealthoutcomes,"saidLove,whoisataskleadontheNACHOSproject.Inthepast,NASAhascreatedsatellitestoobservethesekindsofgases.ButLovesaidthosetraditionallyrequiredhigh.resolutionimagesandsensitiveinstrumentsthatwerecostlytoproduceandoperate.Smallerdevices,likeNACHOS,couldenableawideruseofthetechnologyatamuchlowercost.Ifitprovessuccessful,thetechnologycouldalsobeusedinEarth-basedsystems,NASAsays.LoveandhisteamexpectNACHOStoorbitourplanetforaboutayear.“Thatwillgiveusenoughtimetotestourinstrumentdesignandgatherenoughtestdatatoensureourtechnologyconceptisreasonable,”Lovesaid.“MorepowerandlessweightsetNACHOSapartandmakeitanexcellentcandidateforfutureatmospherictracegasmissions.”8.WhywastheinstrumentNACHOSlaunched?A.TocontrolemissionofSO2andNO2.B.Toorbitourplanetforaboutayear.C.Tohelppredictthevolcanoeruptions.D.ToresupplytheInternationalSpaceStation.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“That”inparagraph3referto?A.ThelaunchofNACHOS.B.Thedetectableseismicactivity.C.Thegasemissionsofvolcanoes.D.Thetechnologyconceptofthedesign.10.Whatwillbedoneoncetheharmfulgasesaredetected?A.Tocollecttheharmfulgases.B.Tofindashelterinpowerplants.C.Tochangetheorbitoftheinstrument.D.Totrytoreducethebadeffectonhealth.11.WhichofthefollowingmightLoveagreewithaboutNACHOS?A.Itishighlycost.B.Itneedsmorepower.C.Itisapromisinginstrument.D.Ithasprovedthetechnologysuccessful.DOnMarch9,2022,twomanatees(海牛)arrivedattheAquarium'soff-siteAnimalCareFacilityfromSeaWorldOrlandoforongoingcareuntiltheyarehealthyenoughforreleasebackintothewild.Theorphanedyoungmanatees，anapproximately160-poundmaleand175-poundfemale,wererescuedinDecemberandhavereceivedrehabilitative(康复的)care.atSeaWorldOrlandosincethen.Thefemalewasonly124poundswhenshewasfoundsufferingfromcoldstressinBlueSprings,Florida.ThemalewasfoundnearaPortSt.John,Floridapowerplantwithadeceasedfemale,mostlikelyhismother,andwasonly126pounds.Thetwoarenowstableandhavemovedtothenextphaseoftheirrecovery.In2021，1,101manateesdied,primarilyfromstarvationduetolossofseagrassintheIndianRiverLagoon,aresultofpollutionandongoingwaterqualityissues.AsofMarch2022,over400manateeshavealreadydied.Otherchallengesmanateesfaceincludecoldstressandboatstrikes.TheMRPisacooperativegroupofcommunitiesdedicatedtotherescue,rehabilitation,release,andmonitoringofmanatees.Aspartofthispartnership,GeorgiaAquariumdesignatedadditionalrehabilitationareasatitsAnimalCareFacility,whichoffersnewlifesupportsystems,accesstomedicalcareandmonitoring，andlargeenoughspace.Thisfacilityisanadditionalrecoverycarespaceformanateesuntiltheyarehealthyenoughforrelease，andforotheranimalsinneedofrehabilitationorquarantine(隔离).ThemanateesbeingcaredforbyGeorgiaAquariumwillnotbeondisplaytothepublic.VicepresidentofzoologicaloperationsatGeorgiaAquarium,EricGaglione,explainedtheAquarium'sinvolvementwithmanatees,“GeorgiaAquariumhasbeeninvolvedinmanateeresearchandhealthassessmentsforseveralyears,butthisisthefirsttimewehavemanateesunderourcare.WearehonoredtojoinourcolleaguesintheManateeRescueandRehabilitationPartnershipandgivethesetwoorphanedmanateesafightingchance.Manateesareincrisis,anditisourroleasaresponsibleaquarium(水族馆)todoeverythingwecantochangetheirfateinthewild.”Oncethemanateeshavereachedsufficientsizeandbecomehealthyenoughtosurviveontheirown，theywillbereturnedtothecarefacilityatSeaWorldOrlandobeforebeingreleasedbackintothewild.12.Whatwasthematterwiththefemalemanatee?A.Shewasinlackoffood.B.Shewasattackedbyashark.C.Shewasstruckbyships.D.Shewasdyingbecauseofcold.13.Whatmainlycausedthemanateesendangeredaccordingtothepassage?A.Theepidemicdeseasesofseaanimals.B.Theenvironmentalpollutionofthesea.C.People'skillingforcommercialpurpose.D.Thegreatgenechangesofthemanatees.14.WhatcanweknowaboutGeorgiaAquarium?A.Itisanorganizationraisingmanteesforsale.B.Itisanorganizationdealingwithoceanpollution.C.Itisaplacewheremanateesareshowntothepublic.D.Itisaplacewheremanateesarecaredbeforebeingreleased.15.WhatcanwelearnfromEricGaglione'swords?A.Savingthemanateesistheirsocialresponsibility.B.Alotofmanateeshavebeensavedbythemforyears.C.Theywillimprovethelivingconditionsofthemanatees.D.GeorgiaAquariumwillreleasethetwomanateesintothewild.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选山可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gettingintoanewplacetoliveisaveryexcitingtime.16Havingaplacetocallyourowngivesyouagreatfeelingofindependence.Thequestionthatariseswhenlookingforanapartmentorhometoliveinis,"“Isitbettertorentorlease.”Bothoptionshaveadvantagesanddisadvantages.17Rentingisasimpleprocessthatusuallydoesnotrequirethepersontostayinthatspaceforaspecificlengthoftime.InCalifornia,andinmoststates,thisiscalledamonth-to-monthrentalagreement.18Thepropertyownerisalsolikelytoaskforasecurityorcleaningdeposit,orboth.Theadvantageofamonth-to-monthrentalisthattherentercangetoutoftheagreementbysimplygivingtheowneraone-monthnoticetovacate(搬离).19Iftheowneraskstherentertoleave,allheorshehastodoisloasktherentertovacatein30days.Aleaseworksabitdifferently.It'susuallysignedforoneyear,soboththerenterandthelandlordagreetoapre-determinedlengthoftimetherenterwilloccupytheunit.20Afterthat,itworksmuchlikerenting.Thereareconsequencesonthepartofbothpartiesiftheleaseisterminated(终止)earlythough,soitisbettertowaityourleaseoutthantoterminateitearly.A.Thesameappliestotheowner.B.Thisisespeciallytrueifthepersonisafirst-timerenter.C.Moreinformationaboutrentingandleasecanbeeasilyfoundoninternet.D.Thebestwaytomakethisdecisionistobaseitonyourownpersonalsituation.E.Thenewrenterhastoensuretheflatisingoodconditionwhenthetimeisdue.F.Alandlordwillgenerallyrequirethenewrentertopaytwomonthsofrentinadvance.G.Therentersignsacontractagreeingnottomoveoutofthehomefortheone-yearperiod.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DeirdreTaylor,anurse,isworkingonthefrontlinesofthecoronaviruspandemicandfinally21withthefirefighter,whopulledheroutofaburningbuildingnearly40yearsago.WhenTaylortraveledtoNewYorktohelp22COVID-19patients,shewentwiththehopesofrackingdownthefiremanwhosavedherlieTaylorthoughtshewould23getthechancetothankthemanforhisbravery.Backin1983,Taylor24thefrontpageofthenewspaperalongsideEugenePugliese,theFDNYmemberwhorescuedherfromaburningbuilding."IalwaysknewIcame25tolosingmylifethatday,"TaylortoldCNN.“Withouthim,Iwouldn'tbehere.Ihadasecond26atlife,thankstohim.”Whileherpreviousonlinesearchesturnedout27，the40-year-oldmotheroftwobroughtthenewspaperarticletoNewYork28shefnallygotachancetoconnectwithPugliese.“Ididn'tknowifhewasstillalive，29afterSept.11,"TaylortoldtheNYDailyNews.“PartofmethoughtIwaitedtoo30totrackhimdown."ButduringoneofherlongshiftsatNYULangoneHospitalinBrooklyn,she31_herstorytoaFDNYcaptain,who,as32wouldhaveit,33workedwithPugliese."HehadPugliese'sphonenumberandPugliesehas34becauseofage.Ididn'tthinkIwasgoingtobeabletotrackhimdown.”After38years,TaylorfinallyspoketoPuglieseonthephoneand35himforsavingherlife.21.A.metB.reunitedC.quarreledD.cooperated22.A.inspireB.comfortC.treatD.challenge23.A.instantlyB.everC.easilyD.never24.A.madeB.wroteC.editedD.printed25.A.upB.downC.closeD.back26.A.chanceB.abilityC.courageD.clue27.A.validB.criticalC.emptyD.practical28.A.evenifB.sothatC.incaseD.nowthat29.A.graduallyB.suddenlyC.instantlyD.particularly30.A.eagerlyB.longC.hardD.patiently31.A.referredB.relayedC.simplifiedD.clarified32.A.wealthB.luckC.fameD.honor33.A.recentlyB.personallyC.permanentlyD.previously34.A.movedB.deceasedC.marriedD.retired35.A.thankedB.pleasedC.recognizedD.awarded第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。GhaliyaworksforanationalnewspaperinIndonesia.ShortlyafterthepandemichitJakarta,hernewspaperstartedhearingfromparents36wantedtheirchildrentostudyonlinebutlackedawaytousetheinternet.Whenthejournalistsannouncedtheircampaigntohelpthesechildrenthroughsocialmedia,the37(react)wasoverwhelming.Manypeopledonatedsecond-handphones,38othersgavecashdonations.InApril,thejournalists39(collect)morethan200mobilephonesanddonationsofmorethan$35,000.Theyusedthemoneytobuymorephones.Theyalsopaidforinternetuseforthoseneedingit.40(current),nearly300phoneshavebeengiventostudentsinandaroundJakarta.41(help)studentstakepartinonlineschoolingbringshappinesstoGhaliyaandherfriends.“Wereallyhopethemobilephonescan42(use)asmuchastheycanduringthepandemic,”shesaid.QayranRubyAlMaghribihadbeenusinghisfather'smobilephonetoattend5video43(call)aweek.Butthe11-year-oldboycouldn'tattendclassesandfeltgreatly.pressuredwhenhisfatherwenttowork.Abigsmileappearedonhisfacewhenhereceivedthedonatedmobilephone."“NowIseehim44(comfortable)thanbefore,andhecandirectlyreachout45hisfriendsandteacher,”Sayutisaid.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是新华中学学生会主席李华,你校和英国某中学是友好学校。你将应邀参加该校“孔子课堂"成立仪式,并发表演讲。请你写一篇英文发言稿,内容包括:1.表示祝贺;2.简要介绍孔子及其贡献;3.愿意提供帮助并为两校文化交流做出贡献。注意:1.词数80左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:孔子Confucius;儒家思想Confucianism;孔子课堂ConfuciusClassDearfriends,I'mLiHua,chairmanoftheStudents'UnionofXinHuaMiddleSchool.I'mgreatlyhonoredtodeliveraspeechhere.第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Thesedays,MarathondesSablesrunnerscarryaGPStrackingdeviceandhelicoptersmonitortheirpathtomakesurenoonegetslost,butwhenMauro,apoliceofficer,participatedforthefirsttimein1994,therewerenosuchsafeguardsinplace.Whenyou’rerunningthroughthelargestdesertonEarth,onewrongturncancostyouyourlife.MauroProsperididjustthatduringtheMarathondesSables,asix-dayultramarathonthatmanyregardasthetoughestfootraceintheworld.Theracewasalmost156mileslong,takingrunnersacrosssanddunes(沙丘)withfewnaturalsourcesofwater.TemperaturesintheSaharacouldreachashighas122degreesFahrenheit,andeachrunnercarriedover20poundsoffood,water,andemergencysuppliesontheirbacks.Mostoftheserunnerswouldn'tendupfinishingtherace，whichwasaboutthesamelengthassixregularmarathons.Thatwashow,onthefourthandlongestdayoftherace,therunnerMauroencounteredaseveresandstormthatturnedhimaroundandsenthimwildlyoffcourse.Hespenteighthourswaitingoutthestorm,huddledinasanddune.Thenextmorning,heexpectedtoseerescuersheadinghisway.Instead,allhesawwasdesertinalldirections.“Afterrunningforaboutfourhours,Iclimbedupaduneandstillcouldn'tseeanything,"hesaid.“That'swhenIknewIhadabigproblem.”AsearchpartywasorganizedtofindMauro,butrescuershadnoideahehadbeensofaroffcourse.Twiceahelicoptercircledoverhishead,andtwicetheydidn'tseehimwildlywavingatthemfrombelow.Hesentuphisonlyflare(照明弹)andevensethisbackpackonfirehopingtocatchtheirattention,butitwasnouse.WhenMauro'swaterranout,hebegandrinkinghisownurine.Hefoundamaraboutshrine,anancientbuildingthatonceservedasatomb.Heloshelterfromthesun'sraysthere,drinkingthebloodofbats.Withhisenergyrunningout,hethought,"Iamboundtodiehere”.Afterbeingtreatedinthehospitalforweakness,hemadeafullrecovery!2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（模拟）英语试题参考答案及评分标准2022.5第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)1-3AAD4-7ABBC8-11CCDC12-15DBDA第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)16-20BDFAG第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）21-25BCDAC26-30ACCDB31-35BBDDA第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)36.who/that37.reaction38.and/while39.collected40.Currently41.Helping/Tohelp42.beused43.calls44.morecomfortable第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)OnePossibleVersion:Dearfriends,I’mLiHua,chairmanoftheStudents'UnionofXinHuaMiddleSchool.I'mgreatlyhonoredt