甘肃省2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试 英语试卷（含答案解析）

PAGE10页/12页2024～2025学年第一学期期末学业质量监测卷高二英语注意事项：答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)5A、B、C10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?abasketballmatch.Buyagiftforhismother.Gotohismother’sbirthdayparty.WhydoesMikeplantotakethebushome?Hisbicycleisbroken.Helivesfarawayfromthecompany.thebusisthemostconvenient.WhenwillthemanleaveforSydney?A.At00a.m. B.At6:00p.m. C.At10:00p.m.Howdidthemanbookthehotelforhisholiday? B.Byphone.C.Throughafriend.A.OntheInternet.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?Whethertotakeatest. B.Howtochooseamajor. C.Whethertoseizetheopportunity.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)5A、B、C选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，5秒钟;5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。Wherearethespeakersprobably?Inahotel. C.Inarestaurant. B.Inaclothingstore.Whatwillbesenttothemanlater?Hisdinner. B.Hisnewspaper. C.Hisbill.听下面一段对话，回答第8、9题。Whatisthewomanmostprobablyconcernedabout?Thetaxi’sspeed. B.ThetrafficC.Thechargingstandard.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?Pickupaperson. B.Seeoffaclient. C.Goonabusinesstrip.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?Repairherlaptop. B.Prepareareport. C.HaveanWhatisthetopicofthewoman’spresentation?Adevelopmentplan. B.Atechnologyresearch. C.Aresearchingsubject.Whatmightthewomanworryabout?Herlaptopmightnotwork.Shemightfeeltoonervous.Sheisn’tsureofwhattosay.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。Whatistheaimofthecampaign?remindpeopleofEarthDay.encouragepeopletoreducegarbage.warnpeopleofthebadeffectsofpollution.Whatwillbethetaskonthesecondday?Plantingtrees.B.Designingposters.C.Collectinggarbage.Whatdoesthemanexpecttheteacherstodointhecampaign?Paintpaper. B.Stopdrivingcars. C.Decorateclassrooms.HowdoesSarafindtheman’sideas?Stupid. B.Crazy. C.Excellent.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。WhydidthespeakergotoLondon?workthere. B.haveaholiday. C.visitafriend.InwhichseasondidthespeakergotoLondon?Winter. B.Summer. C.Autumn.19WhatdidthespeakerlikemostinLondon?A.Thewonderfulplays. B.Thedeliciousfood. C.Thebeautifulsights.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?It’snecessarytotakeanumbrellainLondon.ThespeakerwillgotoLondonagainthisyear.MostoftherestaurantsinLondononlyofferEnglishfood.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Fun-Filled&EducativeScienceThemedBirthdayPartyGetyourkidsengagedwithscienceexperiments,games,craftideas,activitiesandmuchmore.Therewillbesomethingforeveryone.Itiseasy,funandveryentertainingandthekidswillsurelylearnalotofthingswithoutfeelinglikeit’sachore.SuperScienceforKidsorganizesthemostfun-filledsciencethemedbirthdayparty.Wehaveanumberofscienceexperimentslined-upforyou.ClassicChemicalMagicDemonstrationsSeetheEruptingVolcano,ExperimentwithExplodingGases,SeetheBig-BangCarbideCannon,MakeLightning,Watchcloselyasagiantmushroomrisesfromthedepthsofacup.Seewaterturntograpejuice,andMore!Cost$125forkidsaged3-5.Timeneeded:1hours.Hands-onMake&TakeChemistryProjectsToo!Choicesinclude:Flubber,Hi-BounceBalls,Crystals,Orbs,LavaTubes,&More!Allparticipantstakehomethreeexperimentsplusonetodoathome!!Cost$225forupto20kids!(Additionaltravelfeesmayapply).Timeneeded:1hour.AgesRobotBattleBirthdayInthisparty,youandyourfriendswillbuildmotorizedbattle-botrobotsandhavefunbattlingeachotherasyoutrytodesignarobotthatwillhityouropponentbypushingitoffthetable,flippingitover,orpullingitspiecesoff!Ages7-12.Fee$225.Timeneeded:1.5hours.NEW-OzobotRobotPartyHavefunplayingwithandprogrammingtheincredibleOzobotBitandOzobotEvo.Inthisparty,wewillbringinanOzobotBitrobotforeachchildattheparty.Participantswilllearntoprogramtheirrobotwithmarkersandthisrobot’sincredibleopticalsensingcapability.Havefuncodingwithyourfriends!BirthdaychildwillkeepanOzobotBitasourgift!Ages5-10.Fee$235.Timeneeded:1hour.Areyoulookingforsciencebirthdayparty?Giveusacallnow(908)684-2383forcreatinganamazingexperienceforyourkids.Whatsciencepartycantheyoungestkidsattend?ClassicChemicalMagicDemonstrations.NEW-OzobotRobotParty.RobotBattleBirthday.Hands-onMake&ChemistryProjectsWhatdoRobotBattleBirthdayandNEW-OzobotRobotPartyhaveincommon?Theyhavethesamefee. B.Theyofferrobotprograms.C.Theyarefitforkidsofallages. D.Theyarethemostpopularparties.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?Anadvertisement. B.ANewsreport.C.Atraveljournal. D.Asciencefiction.Sometimes,thekidsinStephanieWilliams’skindergartenclassneedalittleextramotivation.Whilesomestudentsprefermaterialrewardsforgoodbehavior,allKameronEisenbergwantedwastobethefirstoneonthebus.Thatway,he’dbeabletospendalittleextratimewiththeschoolbusdriverCharlesFrierson.Inthefewminutestheysharedtogethereachafternoon,Mr.CharleswouldchatwithKameron,encouragehim,andgenerallybrightenhisday.“Ialwaysaskthekids,‘Whatdoyouwanttoworkfortoday?’AndKameronsaid,‘Iwanttoworktoseethebus,’”Stephaniesaid.“JustbeingthefirstoneonthebusandtalkingtoMr.Charlesdoesnotseemlikealot,buttohimit’stheworld.”Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear,Kameronwashavingsomedifficultiesinclass.Hisbehaviorgothimsenttotheadministrator’sofficealmosteveryday.However,gettingtohangoutwithMr.Charlesturnedouttobeastrongmotivatorforthekindergartnertofollowdirections.Aftercheckinginwithhisteacher,thebusdriverwouldsometimeseventalktohimaboutanyproblemshewashavinginschool.StephaniesawahugechangeinKameron’sattitudeoncetheboystartedtalkingtoMr.Charleseveryday.SodidKameron’smom.Eventually,shedecidedtowritealettertothedriver.AsCharlesreadthenoteoncamera,hestartedtotearup.“Ihavealwaysbelievedangelscomewhenyouleastexpectthem.”Shewrote,“ThisholdsespeciallytrueinregardstoMr.Charles.Iwouldlikehimtoknowhowmuchweabsolutelylovehimforwhoheisandwhathehasdoneformyson.”AccordingtoSchoolTransportationsNews.CharlesandKameronoftengeticecreamtogethernowthatschoolisoutforthesummer.Thebusdriveralsocheershimonathisweekendbaseballgames.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?KameronwastiredofStephanie’slessons.Kameronlikedtocompeteforthefirstplace.KameronmadefriendswithMr.Charles.Allkidsinthekindergartenpreferredmaterialrewards.WhathappenedtoKameronatthebeginningoftheschoolyear?Hebehavedbadlyinschool.Hewastobedismissedfromschool.Hehadapoorsenseofdirection.Hewasaffectedmorebytheadministrator.WhydidKameron’smomwritetoMr.Charles?showhergratitudetohim. B.changeKameron’sattitude.C.expressamother’senthusiasm. D.gettheschoolbusdrivermoved.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMr.Charles?Patientandcautious. B.Caringandpositive.C.Honestanddetermined. D.Ambitiousandsensitive.IntheUnitedStatesalone,119billionpoundsoffoodiswastedeachyearaccordingtothenonprofitorganizationFeedingAmerica.Yet,over44millionAmericansgohungryeveryday.Ifthisseemslikeahugegap,thisisduebothtotheprocessofdistributingthefoodandtothefoodwastethataffectstheworld’sabilitytosufficientlyraiseitsentirepopulation.However,severalNewYorkCity(NYC)communitieshavefoundaneffectivewaytoreducefoodwaste—communityfridges.Thesefridgesrepresentagrassrootswaytoincreaseaccesstofoodandfightagainstfoodwaste.Thecommunityfridgesofferawayforpeopletogivefreshfoodthattheywillnoteattootherswhoneedit.TheyfirstsurfacedinNewYorkCityin2020.Thesecommunityfridgesofferarayofhopetopeoplewhowerestrugglingtoaffordorfindfoodduringsupplychainissuesandrisingfoodprices.Communityfridgesofferawayforfoodthatwouldotherwisebewastedtoberedistributed.Howeveranotherwonderfuleffectofreducingfoodwasteistheabilitytoreduceemissionsthatcontributetoclimatechange.Asfoodgetsbadinlandfills,itgivesoffmethane,whichisthesecondmostcommongreenhousegas.Thismeansthatfoodwasteisresponsibleforuptotenpercentofglobalemissions—whichisaprettylargenumber!Placingfoodthatwouldotherwisegouneateninacommunityfridgecanhelptoreducetheseemissions.Althoughtherearesomenegativesideeffectsofcommunityfridges,theirbenefitsusuallyoutweightheirnegatives.Volunteerscleanandmaintainthefridges.Somecommunityfridgenonprofitsevenuserenewableenergytopowertherefrigerators.Althoughthecommunityfridgemaybemisusedbysome,theseinstancesaresparse.Now,theideaofthecommunityfridgehasspread.Thesefridges,alsoknownas“friendlyfridges”,willbefoundincitiesthroughouttheUnitedStates.Whyis“ahugegap”mentionedinparagraph1?seekforwaystofeedthehungry. B.leadintheproblemoffoodwaste.C.pointoutthepopulationcrisisintheUS. D.showtheeffectofreducingfoodwaste.Whatisabenefitofthecommunityfridgeprogramaccordingtothetext?Ithelpsreducegreenhousegasemissions.Itmotivatescompaniestomakeenergy-savingfridges.Itisthebestsolutiontoglobalclimatechange.Itbringsdownfoodpricesbyofferingmoresupplies.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sparse”meaninparagraph4?Ordinary. B.Serious. C.Reasonable. D.Rare.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardscommunityfridges?Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Hopeful. D.Indifferent.Children'saveragedailytimespentwatchingtelevisionorusingmobiledeviceincreasedfrom53minutesatage12monthstomorethan150minutesat3yearsaccordingtoananalysisbyresearchersattheNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH).Byage8,childrenweremorelikelytologthehighestamountofscreentimeiftheyhadbeeninhome-basedchildrenorwereborntofirst-timemothers.“Ourresultsindicatethatscreenhabitsbeginearly,”saidEdwinaYeung,aninvestigatorinNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD).“Thisfindingsuggeststhatinterventions(干涉)toreducescreentimecouldhaveabetterchanceofsuccessifintroducedearly.”Intheresearch,mothersof4,000childrenrespondedtoquestionsontheirkids'mediahabitswhentheywere12,18,24,30,and36monthsofage.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendsavoidingdigitalmediaexposureforchildrenunder18monthsofage,introducingchildren18to24monthsofagetoscreenmediaslowly,andlimitingscreentimetoanhouradayforchildrenfrom2to5yearsofage.Inthecurrentstudy,researchersfoundthat87%ofthechildrenhadscreentimeexceeding(超过)theserecommendations.However,whilescreentimeincreasedthroughouttoddlerhood,byage7and8,screentimefelltounder1.5hoursperday.Theresearchersbelievethisdecreaserelatestotimeconsumedbyschool-relatedactivities.Thestudyauthorsclassifiedthechildrenintotwogroupsbasedonhowmuchtheiraveragedailyscreentimeincreasedfromage1toage3.Thefirstgroup,73%ofthetotalhadthelowestincrease,fromanaverageofnearly51minutesadaytonearlyanhourand47minutesaday.Thesecondgroup,27%ofthetotal,hadthehighestincrease,fromnearly37minutesofscreentimeadaytoabout4hoursaday.Higherlevelsofparentaleducationwereassociatedwithloweroddsofinclusioninthesecondgroup.WhousemobiledevicelongestaccordingtotheNIH'sanalysis?10-year-oldborntofirst-timemothers. B.3-year-oldchildreninlowincomefamilies.C.8-year-oldchildreninhome-basedchildcare. D.1-year-oldchildrenwithparentspoorlyeducated.WhatdoestheresearchsuggestaccordingtoEdwina?Parentsshouldstoptheirchildrenusingmedia.Parentsshouldlimittheuseofdigitalmediathemselves.Parentsshouldreducetheirchildren'sscreentimeearlier.Parentsshouldavoidtheirchildrenusingdigitalmediaatinfancy(婴儿期).Whydoeschildren'sscreentimefallwhentheyage7and8?Theyarestudyingatschool. B.Theycancontrolthemselves.C.Theyaretiredofusingthem. D.Theyareforbiddentousethem.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitle?KeepfromMedia B.ScreenHabitsBeginEarlyC.UrgencyofParentalEducation D.HarmofHome-basedChildcare第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CreateaNewChapterinYourLifeLifeisfilledwithupsanddowns andwhatmattersishowyouhandleeachsituation.Hereishowyoucancreateanewchapterinyourlife.Let’sstart!Learnfromothers.Itisanamazingapproachtofindpeoplethathavegonethroughthesametrialsasyouhave. 16 Whenyoustartlearningfromothers,younoticethedifferentpatternswhichmadethemsuccessful.Somepeopleplanthesolutionswhileothersactuallylivethesolutions.Ifpeoplearefreeoftheirissues,theywillbeabletohelpyouout. 17 Howcanyoumoveonfromastruggleunlessyouhavetriedeverything?Sometimeswemightfeelthatwehavetriedoutsomuchbutnothingisworkingoutforus.Givingupiseasy,butcontinuingwiththepainishardbutworthit.Inthiskindofsituation,theonlypracticalsolutionistotrysolutionsthatyounevereverdreamedof.18Letgoofyourpast.Inordertomoveonfromeverystruggleandheartbreak,youmustletgoofthepast,guiltandunhappiness.Nomatterwhat,negativefeelingsarealwaysgoingtoleadtoanexactlyoppositeeffect.Theyareonlygoingtodrain(耗尽)yououtinthelongrun.19Forgivethepeoplethathavehurtyouinthepastandstartnewadventurestowardsthepathoffuture.Dowhatactuallyworks. 20 Forexample,manypeopleturntoalcoholtorelievethestress,whichjustkillsthemslowly.Don’tfollowthepathtoanger.Pictureyourgoalsinyourmindandmakereasonablestepstowardsthemwitheachpassingday.Letnothingstandinyourway.Drawalinementally.havetoavoidthem.everythinginyourhands.Theymightactuallymakethingsbetterforyou.Lifeisgoingtothrowalotofproblemsonyourway.Mostpeoplegetbusydoingthethingsthatdon’tgetthemanywhere.Sincetheyknowthehardships,theywillbeabletoassistyoubetter.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)CD选项。Mydaughter’sbestfriendBethmovedinwithusafterhermotherpassedawayfromaseriousdisease2yearsago.21 BethinMarchanditwasnot 22 forhertoadapttoanewsurrounding.Bethhadalreadybeenadoptedbefore,andshehadneverhadagoodfather 23 inherlife,sotheword“Dad”generallyhas 24 meaningforher.ShehasalsoalwayscalledmeMr.Johnson.hadmany 25 aboutitandItoldhershecould 26 mewhatevershewants,becauseIknewshelovedme.Itriedtogetherto 27 the“Mr.”butitalmostbrokeherbrain.Itookalate-night 28 toMcDonald’swithBeth.Shewastryingto 29 thecaraudioanditwasplayingsomeDemiLovato.Allofsudden,she 30 theaudioandsaidmyDad,Ican’tplayit!”Iwasamazedandnearlywildwith 31 .I’vebeenjustrandomly 32 forthelast2daysbecauseIthoughtaboutwhatshesaid.Iknowshewilllikelynevercallme“Dad” 33 .Butthingsarelookingup.Whenherfriendscometoourhome,shehaseven 34 metothemasherdadandwhenitwasjustthetwoofus,therewassomethinginher 35 thatmademyheartsing.21.A.savedB.forgaveC.curedD.adopted22.A.easyB.convenientC.essentialD.necessary23.A.nameB.successC.recognitionD.figure24.A.adorableB.reasonableC.unpleasantD.abstract25.A.conflictsB.conversationsC.bargainsD.expenses26.A.treatB.graspC.callD.inquire27.A.dropB.citeC.transformD.accept28.A.walkB.driveC.flightD.jog29.A.designB.replaceC.tuneD.cover30.A.sweptawayB.turnedoffC.camedownD.tookup31.A.joyB.gloryC.blessD.passion32.A.wonderingB.blamingC.suspectingD.smiling33.A.patientlyB.directlyC.graduallyD.carefully34.A.remindedB.invitedC.introducedD.comforted35.A.wordsB.excusesC.settingsD.manners第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)根据短文内容,在空白处填入1个适当地单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhenforeignerscometoChina,theymaybesurprisedatChinese’sspecialfondnessand 36 (prefer)forseals(印章).Chinese,sealsareanartofdeepculturalroots, 37 combinestheessence(精华)ofbothcalligraphyandsculptureandinspiresgenerationstostudytoappreciateandtocollect.Itisbelievedthatsealscameoutasearlyas8,000yearsagoafterourancestorscouldmakepotterywares 38 hadprivatebelongings.Theytriedtomakemarkson 39 (they)ownbelongingstopreventthemfrom 40 (steal).Whenthefirstdynasty 41 (found),thekingbegantousesealstopowerandtoshowroyalcredits.Onlytheking’sspecialsealwasthencalled“Xi”, 42 (represent)thehighestauthority.ThefirstemperorofChina,QinShiHuang,hadhis“Xi” 43 (make)outoftheinvaluableandbeautifuljade“HeshiBi”. 44 (similar),thelocalgovernmentsalsoneededtousesealsasapowerfulsymbol.Meanwhile,privatesealswerecarvedin 45 varietyofluckycharactersandvividanimalpatterns.Gradually,thesphragistics(印章学)cameintobeing.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是学生会主席李华，你市图书馆将在寒假期间举行“OnHumor”的英语主题讲座。请给你在校英语报上写一则通知，要点如下：讲座 时间、地点；讲座的内容；注意：80左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Notice第二节(25分)

TheStudents’Union47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。LastSaturday,Davidwastakingawalkintheparknearhishomewhenhenoticedawomanwithaboyofabouteightyearsold.WhenDavidpassedthem,heheardthewomanyell.“Howstupidyouare!You’regoodatnothing.”Davidstoppedandlookedatthelittleboy.Theboysaidnothing.Hejuststoodthere,lookingupset.DavidwasremindedofhisEnglishteacherMrsBrowninmiddleschool.Afterheenteredamiddleschool,Davidlackedself-confidencebecausehewasoftenmadefunofbyothers.Hewasoftentoldthathewasgoodatnothing,whichDavidbehaved.Butonedayitallchanged.Oneday,inanEnglishwritingclass,MrsBrownaskedthemtoreadanovel.Theywereaskedtowriteanewchapterofthenovelaftertheyfinishedreadingit.Afewdayslater,Davidhandedinhisstory.Hedidn’tgiveitmuchthought.Butthenextday,tohissurprise,thecomment“welldone”fromMrsBrowncameintoviewthemomentheturnedtothepagewherethestorywaswritten.WhenDavidreadthat,healmostburstintotears.Heneverexpectedtobepraisedoneday.Hesuddenlygainedsomeself-confidence.Thatdayafterhereturnedhome,hewroteashortstoryandgaveittoMrsBrownthenextmorning.Andagainhewaspraised.Davidbecameveryinterestedinwriting.HeoftenwroteshortstoriesandaskedMrsBrowntoreadthemimprovewritingskills.Oneyearlater,Davidjoinedtheschoolnewspaperandbecameaneditorofit.Hewasnolongerthatboywholackedself-confidence.Hegainedhisconfidence,andwashopefulabouthisfuture.Hesucceededinenteringacollegeandkeptwriting.Severalyearsaftergraduatingfromcollege,hehadhisfirstbookpublished.somemorebookscomingout,hebeca