考研英语词汇集锦

考研作文词汇部分

考研作文基本上分为图画作文和图表作文，而近年来只考了图画作文，因此我们已总结图画作文为重点，对

图表作文只做一般介绍处理。此部分主要总结作文常用的词汇，包括作文中常应用的连词、以及常用的热点

词汇(纵观今年来的作文，主要涉及文化教育、健康、环保等问题)。

一、图表作文常用词汇：

表格图table；

图表chart;diagramgraphcolumn

描述：show;describe;illustrate;reveal;represent

数字figure;

数据statistic;

百分比percentage;

比例proportion

上升：increaseriseascendcoresurgegoupclimbmountlevelup

下降：decreasefalldropdescenddeclinereducelessenleveldown

平稳：stablesteadyremain/maintain/keep/bethesameas/similarto

波动：fluctuatefluctuationriseandfallsupanddown

占:occupytakeupaccountforgain

而：whilehoweverwhereasontheotherhandactually/infact

相比：bycontractonthecontrarylikewisecomparedwith

最高点：thehighestthetopthesummitthepeakthemost

最低点：bottomlessleastrockbottom

平均：meanaverage

趋势：tendancytrendinclination

预见：prediction

达到顶峰：mountto

由，,,组成：consistof/bemadeupof/becomposedof

占44%比例：accountfor/makeup44percent

位居第一：rankthefirst

仅次于issecondto

居第二位：insecondspot

倒数第一isthelastone

第二大部份rankthesecond/thesecondlargestsection

与•.相比：comparedwith

A与B成比例AbeinproportiontoB

差不多：About/around/roughly

多达asmanyas

正好：Exactly/precisely

水平：leveloff

二、图画作文常用词汇：

(1)常见热点词汇：

1.素质教育：QualityEducation

2.EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educationalquotient,另一种情感商数Emotionalquotient

3.保险业：theinsuranceindustry

4.保证重点指出：ensurefundingforpriorityareas

5.补发拖欠的养老金：clearuppensionpaymentsinarrears

6.不良贷款：non-perFOR\fingloan

7.层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-levelcontractingandillegalsubcontracting

8,城乡信用社：creditcooperativeinbothurbanandruralareas

9.城镇居民最低生活保障：aminimumstandardoflivingforcityresidents

10.城镇职工医疗保障制度：thesystemofmedicalinsuranceforurbanworkers

IL出口信贷：exportcredit

12.贷款质量：loanquality

13.贷款质量五级分类办法:thefive-categoryassetsclassificationforbankloans

14.防范和化解金融风险：takeprecautionsagainstandreducefinancialrisks

15.防洪工程：flood-preventionproject

16.非法夕卜汇交易：illegalforeignexchangetransaction

17.非贸易收汇：foreignexchangeearningsthroughnontradechannels

18.非银行金融机构：non-bankfinancialinstitutions

19.费改税：transFORMadministrativefeesintotaxes

20.跟踪审计：foolow-upauditing

21.工程监理制度：themonitoringsystemforprojects

22.国有资产安全：thesafetyofstate-ownedassets

23.过度开垦:excessreclamation

24.合同管理制度：thecontractsystemforgoverningprojects

25.积极的财政政策：pro-activefiscalpolicy

26.基本生活费：basicallowance

27.解除劳动关系：severlaborrelation

28.金融监管责任制：theresponsibilitysystemforfinancialsupervision

29.经济安全：economicsecurity

30.靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：toincreasethedeficittospendmoreondevelopment

31.扩大国内需求：theexpansionofdomesticdemand

32.拉动经济增长：fueleconomicgrowth

33.粮食仓库：graindepot

34.粮食收购企业：graincollectionandstorageenterprise

35.粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closedoperationofgrainpurchasefunds

36.粮食销售市场：grainsalesmarket

37.劣质工程：shoddyengineering

38.舌L收费、舌L摊派、舌L罚款：arbitrarycharges,fund-raising,quotasandfines

39.骗汇、逃汇、套汇：obtainforeigncurrencyunderfalsepretenses,notturnoverforeign

owedtothegovernmentandillegalarbitrage

40.融资渠道：financingchannels

41..商业信贷原则:theprinciplesforcommercialcredit

42.社会保险机构：socialsecurityinstitution

43.失业保险金：unemploymentinsurancebenefits

44.偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税：taxevasion,taxfraudandrefusaltopaytaxes

45.外汇收支：foreignexchangerevenueandspending

46.安居工程：housingprojectforlow-incomeurbanresidents

47.信息化：inFORMation-based;inFORMationization

48.智力密集型：concentrationofbrainpower;knowledge-intensive

49.夕卜资企业：overseas-fundedenterprises

50.下岗职工：laid-offworkers

51.分流：repositionofredundantpersonnel

52.素质教育：educationforall-rounddevelopment

53.豆腐渣工程：jerry-builtprojects

54.社会治安情况：law-and-ordersituation

55.民族国家：nationstate

56."台独"：'"independenceofTaiwan”

57.台湾当局：Taiwanauthorities

58.台湾同胞：Taiwancompatriots

59.台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分:TaiwanisaninalienablepartoftheChineseterritory.

60.西部大开发：DevelopmentoftheWestRegions

61.可持续性发展：sustainabledevelopment

62.风险投资：riskinvestment

63.通货紧缩：deflation

64.扩大内需：toexpanddomesticdemand

65.计算机辅助教学：computer-assistedinstruction(CAI)

66.网络空间：cyberspace

67.虚拟现实：virtualreality

68.网民：netizen(netcitizen)

69.电脑犯罪：computercrime

70.电子商务：thee-business

71.网上购物：shoppingonline

72.应试教育：exam-orientededucation

73.学生减负:toreducestudyload

74.“厄尔尼诺”：(ELNino)

75.“拉尼娜”：(LaNina)

76.“智商”：(IQ)

77.“情商”：(EQ)

78.“第三产业"：(third/tertiaryindustry,servicesector,thirdsequenceof

enterprises)79.“第四产业”：(quaternary/inFORMationindustry)

79.“军嫂”：(militaryspouse)

80.“峰会"(香港译“极峰会议")"：summit(conference

81."克隆”：clone

82.“冰毒”：ice

83.“摇头丸"：dancingoutreach

84.“传销"：multilevelmarketing

85.“(计算机)2000年问题”：Y2Kproblem(yforyear,kforkiloorthousand)

86.“白皮书"：whitepaper(不是whitecoverbook)

87.“傻瓜相机”：Instamatic(商标名，焦距、镜头均固定，被称为foolproof相机)；

88.“白条”：I0Unote(I0U：债款、债务，由Ioweyou的读音缩略转义而来)

89.“巡回招聘"：milkround(一种招聘毕业生的方式，大公司走访各大学及学院，向求职者介绍本

公司情况并与报名者晤谈)。

90.“减员增效"：increaseefficiencybydownsizingstaff;

91."抓大放小"：managelargeenterpriseswellwhileeasecontroloversmallones;

92.“市政府要办的X件实事”：xmajorprojectsthatshouldbegiventoppriorityas

designatedonthemunicipalgovernment'sworkingagenda;

93.”两个基本点”：twofocalpoints,twoofthemajorpointsofthelinesetbythe13th

CongressoftheCPC,I.e.upholdingthefourcardinalprinciplesandthepoliciesreFORM,

openingtotheoutsideworldandinvigoratingdomesticeconomyo

94.“投资热点"：aregionattractivetoinvestors,amuchsoughtpieceofhand,popular

investmentspot

95."移动电话"：本系cellular(有时简作cel)或mobile(tele)phone

96.“三角债"：chaindebts或debtchains

97.“拳头产品"：knockoutproduct

98.“投诉热线"：dial-a-cheatconfidentialhotline(打电话告诉一件欺诈事件)

99.“三通”的现译文threelinks：linkoftrade,travelandpost

100.“外资”：overseasinvestments

101.“开放"：opentotheoutsideworld

102.“联防”：community/1eampo1icing(一种由警察和辖区居民共同参与的治安管理)

103.“三陪服务"：escortservices(陪伴服务)。

104.“五讲四美"：fivestressesandfourpointsofbeauty

105.“暴利”：excessive/extravagant/exorbitant/suddenhugeprofit(windfallprofit也好)

106.“暴发户"：upstart,parvenu,noov(e),nouveauriche(newrich),jumped-uppeople(口

语)

107.“快餐"：snack(food),quickmeal,fast(food,meal),takeaway,carryout,MRE(meals

readytoeat)”一次(性/用)”

108.一次处理：single/primarytreatment.;

109.一次污染：primarypollution;

110.一次冻透：straight;freez-ing;

111.一次空气：fresh/primaryair;

112.一次爆破：onepull;

113•一次付清:payinfull;

114.一次消费：one-time-consumption;

115.一次误差：first-ordererror;

116.一次成像照片：aPolaroidpicture;

117.一次偿还信贷：non-in-stallment;

118.一次性杯子：sanitarycup;

119.一次性筷子：disposablechopsticks;

120.一次性收入：lump-sumpayment;

121.一次用包装：non-returnablecontainer;

122.一次用相机：single-usecamera

123.西部开发：DevelopWesternRegions

124.假日经济：HolidayEconomy

125.手机的利与弊：AdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheCellPhone

126.传呼机不久将会被淘汰吗？：CanBeepersBeSoonOutofUse?

127.电脑病毒：ComputerViruses

128.网上犯罪：CyberCrimes

129.旅游热：TourismWave

130.打拐：CrackingDownontheAbductionofWomenandChildren

131.反毒斗争：Anti-drugBattle

132.黑客：Hackers

133.减负：ReductionofStudents，StudyLoad

134.中国加入世贸组织:China'sEntryintotheWTO

135.沙尘暴：Sandstorms

136.告别1999：FarewelltotheSpecialYear1999

137.千年虫：TheMillenniumBug

138.千禧年的梦想:MyMillenniumDreams

139.拥抱新千年：EmbracingtheNewMillennium

140.网上购物：ShoppingontheNet

141.参考书的负面效应：MyViewontheNegativeEffectsofReferenceBooks

142.因特网的利与弊：PositiveandNegativeAspectsofInternet

143.人类第一张基因草图的意义：TheSignificanceoftheFirstWorkingDraftofHumanGenomeMap

144.高校合并:TheMergingofUniversities

145.网上求职：HuntingforAJobonInternet

146.何为新世纪的好老师？：WhatIsaGoodTeacherintheNextCentury?

147.中国的外资：China，sforeignInvestment

148.中国的人才流失：TheTalentFlightinChina

149.性教育:SexEducation

150.明天的因特网：TheFutureTomorrowsInternet

151,课堂是以教师为中心还是以学生为中心?：ATeacher-centeredClassorAStudent-centeredClass?

152.现有的考试制度的利与弊：ThePositiveandNegativeAspectsofExamsandtheExisting

ExaminationSystem

153.中国的因特网：InternetinChina

154.中国的电脑：ComputersinChina

155.中国的大学英语教学:CollegeEnglishTeachinginChina

156.新的收费政策把学生拒之门外了吗？：DoesNewTuitionPolicyKeepStudentsAway?

157.家教的利与弊：PositiveandNegativeAspectsofHomeTutoring

158•教师,国家的未来：Teachers,ANation，sFuture

159.电子词典：ElectronicDictionaries

160.教育应是应试教育还是素质教育：Education:Examination-orientedorQua!ity-oriented

161.提倡创新精神:DevelopOurCreativeMind

162.计算机辅助教学：CAI/ComputerAssistedInstruction

163.自动取款机的利与弊：AdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheATM

164.展望廿一世纪：LookingForwardtothe21stCentury

165.盗版问题：ProblemofPiracy

166.学会如何学习:LearnHowtoLearn

167.假文凭：FakeDiplomas

168.书的不良影响：MyViewontheNegativeEffectsofBooks

169.人们为什么热衷于摸彩票？：WhyDoPeopleLiketoTryTheirLuckonLottery?

170.兼职工作：MyViewonaPart-timeJob

171.无偿献血：BloodDonationwithoutRepayment

172.留学海外：StudyingAbroad

173.发展经济还是保护环境？：DevelopingEconomyorProtectingtheEnvironment?

174.电子邮件：TheInternetE-mail

175.拥抱知识经济的新时代:EmbracingtheKnowledgeEconomyAge

176.努力更新知识:TryingtoRenewKnowledge

177.深化（中国的）改革：DeepenChinasReFORM

178.因特网的利与弊：TheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofInternet

179.我们需要因特网吗？：DoWeNeedInternet?

180.大学英语考试：CollegeEnglishTest

181.大学英语四、六级考试有必要吗？：IstheCollegeEnglishTestBand4/Band6Necessary?

182.廿一世纪的青年人：TheYouthandthe21stCentury

⑵分类热点词汇：

1,涉及文化教育的词汇：

自学成才tobecomeeducatedthroughindependentstudy

启发式elicitationmethod(ofteaching);heuristicmethod

填鸭式教学法cramming/forced-feedingmethodofteaching

普及教育universaleducation

义务教育compulsoryeducation;freeeducation

学前教育preschooleducation

初等教育elementaryeducation

中等教育secondaryeducation

高等教育higher/tertiaryeducation

普遍教育generaleducation

成人教育adulteducation

职业技术教育vocationalandtechnicaleducation

国家教育委员会StateEducationCommission

高等学校institutionofhighereducation

综合性大学comprehensiveuniversity

文科大学universityofliberalarts

文科院校collegesofart

理工科大学college/universityofscienceandengineering

师范大学normaluniversity;teachers'university

师范学院teachers，college

工业大学polytechnicaluniversity

工业学院engineeringinstitute

农业大学agriculturaluniversity

农学院agriculturalcollege

医科大学medicaluniversity

医学院medicalcollege/school

中医院instituteoftraditionalChinesemedicine

音乐学院conservatoryofmusic

美术学院academyoffinearts

体育学院physicalcultureinstitute

分校branchschool

重点学校keyschool

业余学校spare-timeschool

业余职工大学spare-timecollegeforstaffandworkers

电视广播大学televisionandradiobroadcastinguniversity

函授学院correspondenceschool

教师进修学校teachers'collegeforvocationalstudies

成人夜校nightschoolforadults

业余艺术/体育学校amateurarts/athleticschool

半工半读学校part-workandpart-studyschool

中等专业学校secondaryspecializedschool;polytechnicschool

中等技术学校secondarytechnicalschool;technicalsecondaryschool

职业学校vocationalschool

附中attachedmiddleschool

在职进修班in-servicetrainingcourse

进修班classforadvancedstudies

短训班short-termtrainingcourse

专修科special(training)course

自学考试self-taughtexamination

教职员teachingandadministrativestaff

教学人员thefaculty;teachingstaff

中、小学校长headmaster/headmistress;principal

大专院校校长president;chancellor

教务长deanofstudies

(系)主任chairman;chairperson

副主任vice-chairman

教授professor

副教授associateprofessor

客座教授visitingprofessor;guestprofessor

讲师lecturer

助教assistant

专职教师full-timeteacher

兼职教师part-timeteacher

辅导员assistantforpoliticalandideologicalwork

教研室/组teachingandresearchsection/group

教学组teachinggroup

教员休息室staffroom;commonroom

母校AlmaMater

校友alumnus;alumna

学生会students*union/association

高年级学生upper/highergradepupil/student;pupil/studentinseniorgrades

低年级学生lowergradepupil/student;pupil/studentinjuniorgrades

走读生daystudent;non-residentstudent

住宿生boarder

旁听生auditor

研究生graduatestudent;post-graduate（student）

应届毕业生graduatingstudent/pupil;thisyear,sgraduates

听课tovisitaclass;tositinonaclass;ptoattendalecture

公开课openclass

课程course;curriculum

必修课required/compulsorycourse

选修课elective/optionalcourse

基石出课basiccourse

专业课specializedcourse

课程表schooltimetable

课外活动extracurricularactivities

课外辅导instructionafterclass

课外阅读outsidereading

课堂讨论classdiscussion

（大学的）研究小组；讨论会seminar

教学大纲teachingprogram;syllabus

教学内容contentofcourses

学习年限periodofschooling

学历recordofformalschooling

学年school/academicyear

学期（school）term;semester

学分credit

分数mark;grade

五分制the5-grademarkingsystem

百分制100-marksystem

学习成绩academicrecord;schoolrecord

成绩单schoolreport;reportcard;transcript

毕业论文thesis;dissertation

毕业实习graduationfieldwork

毕业设计graduationceremony

毕、业典礼graduationceremony;commencement

毕业证书diploma;graduationcertificate

毕业鉴定graduationappraisal

授予某人学位toconferadegreeonsb.

升级tobepromotedtoahighergrade

留级torepeattheyear'swork;tostaydown

补考make-upexamination

升学togotoaschoolofahighergrade;toenterahigherschool

升学率proportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahighergrade

奖学金scholarship

(国家)助学金(state)stipend/subsidy

领取助学金的学生agrant-aidedstudent

学费tuition(fee)

伙食费boardexpenses

伙食补助foodallowance

文凭diplomasandcertificates

考研热thecrazeforgraduateschoolstudy

应试教育theexamination-orientededucation

义务教育compulsoryeducation

复合型人才interdisciplinarytalents

文化底蕴therichculturaldeposits

大学生仓ij业theuniversitystudents*innovativeundertakings

扩招expandenrollment

被授予学位begrantedaanofficialcertificatefrom

高分低能goodscoresbutlowqualities

片面追求升学率placeundueemphasisontheproportionofstudentsenteringschoolsofahigher

level

退学dropoutoftheschool

形成淘汰制度frameaneliminationsystem

教书育人impartknowledgeandeducatepeople

因材施教teachstudentsaccordingtotheiraptitude

德才兼备possesspoliticalintegrityandprofessionalability

品学兼优beastudentsoffinequalitiesandfinescholar

提高学生身心素质improvethehealthandpsychologicalquality

适应社会的改变adjusttothesocialchangesquickly

满足社会的急需meettheurgentneedofthesociety

保护知识产权protecttheintellectualproperty

才疏学浅bewantinginabilityandshallowinknowledge

努力获得精神文明makeeffortstoseekculturalandideologicalprogress

减轻负担reducetheheavyburdens

更加有意义和丰富的生活amorevigorous,colorfulanddynamiclife

2.涉及工作的词汇：

崇高职业noblecareer

白领工作white-collarworkers

跳槽job-hopping

试用期probationaryperiod

人才流动和双向选择talentflowandadual-wayselection

自由职业freelancework

拜金主义moneyworship

获得名利achievefameandwealth

充分发挥个人的潜力developfullyone'spotentialandcreativity

实干精神steadfastandearnestinone'swork

工作出色excelinone'swork

无忧无虑becare-free

社会和个人的尊重socialandpersonalesteem

生计问题abreadandbutterissue

生活补助livingsubsidies

人才交流talentsexchange

培养人才cultivatetalents

推荐人才recommendthevirtuousandable

人才外流braindrain

优化产业结构optimizethestructure

精简人员cutofftheoverstaffedoffices

提高综合素质improvethecomprehensivequality

解决劳动就业问题tackletheproblemoflaborforceutilization

砸掉大锅饭shattertheconventionofironbowl

坚持改革bepersistentinthereformprogress

造成失业问题bringabouttheunemploymentproblem

下岗人员thelaid-offworkers

自谋生路beself-employed

给出优惠政策givepreferentialtreatment

享受失业救济金enjoyunemploymentpension

需要安全感和生活保障needasenseofsecurityandguaranteeoflife

劳动力短缺shortageofmanpower

提高文化，智慧，品质修养enhancetheirculturalandmoralquality

3.涉及环保的词汇

污染POLLUTION

污染物Pollutants

农业废物Agriculturalwastes

商业噪音Commercialnoise

混合污染Compositepollution

作物废物Cropwaste

火、火灾Fire

危险物质Hazardoussubstances

危险废物Hazardouswastes

重金属Heavymetals

医院废物Hospitalwastes

工业废水Industrialeffluents

工业排放物Industrialemissions

工业烟尘Industrialfumes

工业噪声Indust