电动汽车动力电池热管理技术-中科院理化所

20162016年新能源汽车空调系统发展创新论坛技术难题低碳环保技术难题低碳环保范围是25~40℃,合理的温度是不高•），•相变材料相变材料制冷剂—→InsightPriusInsightPrius雪佛兰VOLT雪佛兰VOLTAudiA3背景—电池热管理技术现状—制冷剂BEHRJarrett&KimQueen’sUn.CAHeattransferplateBatteryLiquidboxLshapeHeatpipeCoolantL型铜水5放电状态放电电流放电电流单体电池发热0.2C+0.410.4C6.6+1.35+3.78+11.9249.5+24.42最大持续放电+41.2782.5+62.48最大瞬间放电+88.04动态循环方案示意图u方案1，6C发热功率高达88.04W，但时间只有短短的10s，总发热量并不大；u经过900s最大持续放电工况后温度达到最高值63℃;翅片型峰值下降了近6℃;u充电工况，电池发热量显著降低，至充电完毕时温度下降到接近35℃;u方案2，电池发热功率小，放电终了的温度在41℃左右，充电过程中，温度下降到35度左u试验时每组循环中电池产生的热量都能被热管带走，达到很好地热管理效果。热管在低温环境（-15℃和-25℃)中持续14～16小时的状态，并给出了加热被“唤不带翅片带翅片uu采用温度为40℃的加热介质，其预热所需时间比采用20℃的要快很多，达到所考察的温度点的u增加翅片后电池预热时间大大缩短，约1/4—1/3时间，加热介质温度低（20℃)时效果更明显。时的平均温度有所降低，但II&III差TPPTTPPdvTdddTTTT:FanevaporatorCondenserPTCPTTPTPTPTmTPPTTPPdvTdddTTTT:FanevaporatorCondenserPTCPTTPTPTPTmPm P TTPm P TTTTPTTTPTPTTTPTvv>FanOutsideheatexchangerheatexchanger(forBattery)>dddTTTv>FanOutsideheatexchangerheatexchanger(forBattery)>dddTTTvTTdd1234560000冷却环路的增加，压缩..,,0HeatQ/WQg-Generatedheatbybatteries4035302520HeatQ/WQg-Generatedheatbybatteries403530252050Qbi–BatteriesinternalheatvariationQt-TransferedheatbyHPHE2502000InternalheatvariatiInternalheatvariationofbatterygroup0300600900120015001800 PumpQc-coolingheatbybatterychillerQci–CoolantinternalheatvariationtureerageteTemperaturedifference0300600900120015001800Timet/s- qhp0300600900120015001800Timet/s- qhpHeattransferperformanceHeattransferperformanceperheatpipeqhp/W/℃tpcaq0.80.60.40.2q00300600900120015001800Timet/s▲▲TemperatureT/℃CtemperatureBtemperaturemperaturedieTemperatureT/℃CtemperatureBtemperaturemperaturedie45404540353025205045402520504540252050CoomperatureBatteryaveragetemperatureperaturedifference03006009000300600900lantaveragetemperatureBatteryaveragetrence03006009001200Timet/s504535302520045404540252050temperatureTemperatemperatureTemperaCoolantaverageBatteryaverageter0300600900120015001800Timet/sTemperatureTemperatureT/℃45403530252050Corteryaverperaturee0300600900120015001800Timet/speratureTatteryaverageperature030060090012001500180045℃/33%45℃/60%Heattransferperformanceofeachheatpipeqhp/W/℃Heattransferperformanceofeachheatpipeqhp/W/℃03006009001200ofofeachtransfertransferperformanceheatpipeqhp/W/℃10.80.60.4Heat0.2Heat0——45——45 o45—u—45030060090012001500aab//▲/qHeatHeattransfercapacityperheatpipeqhp/W/℃ heatpipeqhp/W/℃Preheatingmode03006009001200Timet/s5040TemperatureTemperatureT/℃200-10-20-30Preheatedbyrygeneratesheat0,"3001200nwuo"u".Coolantaverag