2025版高中英语Module5GreatPeopleandGreatInventionsofAncientChinaSectionⅡGrammar课时作业14外研版必修3

PAGE1-课时作业(十四)Module5SectionⅡGrammarⅠ.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1．AncientChinawasaplacewherestateswereoftenatwarwitheachother.2．October1,1949wasthedaywhenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded.3．Idon'tknowthereasonwhyshelooksunhappytoday.4．Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.5．Thisisthescientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.6．Guilinisacitywhich/thathasahistoryof2,000years.7．ThatisallthatIwanttosay.8．Wejumpedwithjoyatthenews,whichwasnatural.9．Ihopetogetsuchadictionaryasheisusing.10．HegavehismotheracolourTVsetforherbirthday,whichpleasedheralot.11．Thisistheteacherfromwhomwe'velearntalot.Ⅱ.单句改错1．ThebookthatIborroweditfromthelibraryiswellwritten.去掉it2．Thehousestoodattheplacewhichtheroadsmeet.which→where3．DidyouseetheyoungmanwhomwaschosenastheLeaguesecretary？whom→who4．Weshallvisittheuniversitywheremyfatherteachesthere.去掉there5．ThemanforwhoIhaddoneeverythingdesertedme.who→whom6．Ihaveknownthereasonwhichsheissoworried.which→why或在which前加for7．Thisisthegirlwhopractiseplayingthepianoeveryday.practise→practises8．Thisisthe100thletterwhichshehasreceivedfromthatboy.which→that9．Thefirstthingwhichwasdonetodaywascleaningmyhouse.which→that10．Thehotelinitwestayedwasnearapark.it→whichⅢ.阅读理解Languageshavebeencomingandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter­gatherers，small，tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobecomefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialisation,thedevelopmentofthenation­stateandthespreadofuniversalcompulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettercommunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish，SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3,200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6,800languagesareclosetoextinction(消亡),withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestion­mark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了全球语言多样性的发展改变以及现在所面临的危机。1．Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter­gatherertimes?A．Theydevelopedveryfast.B．Theywerelargeinnumber.C．Theyhadsimilarpatterns.D．Theywerecloselyconnected.答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据第一段的最终一句“Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem”可知，在狩猎时代，人口少，语言却很丰富，故选B。【干扰项分析】依据第一段其次句“Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter—gatherers,small,tightlyknit(联系)groupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother”可知，在狩猎时代，小的紧密联系的群体发展了各自独立的语言，故C、D项错误；依据第一段的内容可知，文中未提及狩猎时代语言的发展速度，可解除A项。2．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Complex.B．Advanced.C．Powerful.D．Modern.答案与解析：C词义揣测题。此题可从画线词后面的举例“suchasEnglish，SpanishandChinese”着手，英语、西班牙语和汉语都是目前世界上几大语言之一，这几门语言的影响力是很大的；由此揣测，dominant与选项中的powerful最为接近。complex“困难的”；advanced“高级的，先进的”；powerful“有影响力的”；modern“现代的”。故选C。3．Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A．About6,800.B．About3,400.C．About2,400.D．About1,200.答案与解析：B推理推断题。依据第三段的最终一句“Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat”可知，目前全球不同语言运用人数的中位数仅是6000，这就意味着世界上有一半的语言的运用人数不到6000；结合第三段第一句“Atpresent，theworldhasabout6,800languages”可知，选B。4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Newlanguageswillbecreated.B．People'slifestylesarereflectedinlanguages.C．Humandevelopmentresultsinfewerlanguages.D．Geographydetermineslanguageevolution.答案与解析：C主旨大意题。依据第一段第一句中的“butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlesscomingandalotmoregoing”和其次段可知，随着人类社会的发展，尤其是工业化、全球化以来，许多语言已经消逝，即人类的发展使得语言的种类越来越少。故选C。Ⅳ.完形填空Therewasakingwholovedartverymuch.Onedaya(n)__1__cameandsaid,“Pleaseletme__2__apictureonawall.”Thekinghappenedtohaveabignewhall__3__.Sohe__4__theartisttoworkononeofthewalls.Atthesametime,anotherartistcameandaskedtoworkonthe__5__wall.Hepromisedhewouldmakethesamepictureasthefirstartist's__6__lookingatthefirstartist'swork.Thesecondartistaskedtohaveathickcurtain__7__betweenthetwowalls__8__neitherofthemcouldseeeachother.Thefollowingdaytheybegantowork.Thefirstartistbroughtin__9__supplyofpaint,oil,waterandsoon.Thesecondonecamewitha__10__andabucket(桶)．Amonthlater,thefirstartist'sworkwascompleted,andthesecondartistsaid,“Mywallis__11__too！”Thekingwentto__12__thefirstartist'swall.Hewaspleasedwithitandgavetheartistalarge__13__ofmoney.Hethenaskedpeopletoopenthecurtain.__14__！Eachlinewas__15__thesameasthatontheoppositewall.Thekingwasquitesatisfiedandgavehimdoublemoney.However,he__16__howthesecondmanhadmadeit.“Ijust__17__thewallwiththecloth，”themansaid__18__.Thewallwasmadeofwhitemarble(大理石).Hemadeitshinelikeamirror.Thereflection(倒影)ofthefirstpainting__19__uponit!The__20__isareflection(反映)ofyoutoo.Ifyouaresad,theworldwillbesad.Ifyouarehappy,theworldwillbehappy.【语篇解读】本文通过其次个画家用镜子的原理在第一个画家对面的墙上“画”了一幅一模一样的画的故事告知我们，世界是我们的影子，我们的喜怒哀乐都在其中呈现。1．A.editorB．artistC．serverD．actress答案与解析：B文章第一句说国王很爱艺术，“Sohe__4__theartisttoworkononeofthewalls.”提示这里应当是一个“画家(artist)”来了。故选B。2．A.paintB．copyC．putD．get答案与解析：A“Sohe__4__theartisttoworkononeofthewalls.”提示这里画家想在墙上“画画(paint)”。3．A.createdB．destroyedC．ruinedD．built答案与解析：D国王新“建(build)”了一个大厅。4．A.persuadedB．realizedC．allowedD．determined答案与解析：C他“允许(allow)”艺术家在大厅的一面墙上作画。5．A.oppositeB．ordinaryC．sameD．similar答案与解析：A下文的“Eachlinewas__15__thesameasthatontheoppositewall.”可知，另一位画家来要求在“对面的(opposite)”墙上作画。6．A.withB．withoutC．beneathD．under答案与解析：B不用看就能作出和第一位画家一样的画。7．A.putupB．putbackC．putawayD．puton答案与解析：Aputup“张贴；举起”；putback“放回原处”；putaway“放好”；puton“穿上”。在两堵墙之间挂一个厚重的帘子。8．A.evenifB．asifC．sothatD．incase答案与解析：Cevenif“即使”；asif“好像”；sothat“以便于”；incase“万一”。两堵墙之间挂一个厚窗帘为的是谁也看不见对方。9．A.littleB．fewC．enoughD．useless答案与解析：C第一个画家带着“足够的(enough)”油漆、油、水等来了。10．A.mirrorB．clothC．stickD．curtain答案与解析：B“Ijust__17__thewallwiththecloth”，提示，他只有“布(cloth)”和桶。故选B。11．A.presentB．freeC．readyD．useful答案与解析：C依据下文的“Hewaspleasedwithit...”可知，其次个画家的画也画好了。故选C。12．A.seeB．touchC．researchD．cover答案与解析：A国王去“看(see)”画。故选A。13．A.numberB．seriesC．amountD．many答案与解析：Cmoney是不行数名词，用“alargeamountof”修饰。故选C。14．A.ExcitingB．AmazingC．FrighteningD．Interesting答案与解析：B下文说每一条线都和对面的画一样。应当很“令人惊异(amazing)”，故选B。15．A.probablyB．exactlyC．certainlyD．hardly答案与解析：B每条线都“完全(exactly)”一样。故选B。16．A.knewB．warnedC．noticedD．wondered答案与解析：D国王很想知道其次个人是怎么做到的。故选D。17．A.drewB．facedC．dugD．wiped答案与解析：D我只是“擦(wipe)”干净墙。故选D。18．A.brieflyB．naturallyC．safelyD．correctly答案与解析：A其次个画家“简洁地(briefly)”介绍。故选A。19．A.setB．addedC．showedD．took答案与解析：Csetup“搭建”；addup“加起来”；showup“炫耀；显露；显现出来”；takeup“占用”。第一幅画的影子在对面的墙上显现出来。故选C。20．A.storyB．kingC．worldD．painter答案与解析：C后面说明说明你兴奋，世界就兴奋，反之亦然。所以句意是：这个“世界(world)”也是你的反映。故选C。Ⅴ.语法填空Edinburgh:acityofcultureEdinburgh,__1__(locate)inthesoutheastofScotland,isthecapitalcityofScotland.Withitsmuseums,shops,wonderfulhistoriccastles,andmanyrestaurants,therearemanyinterestingthingsforvisitors__2__(enjoy)allyearround.However,thereissomethingmoreappealinginEdinburgh.Eachyear,theEdinburghInternationalFestival__3__(take)placeinthecity.Inlatesummer,forthreeweeks,thefestivalpresentsclassicalmusic,theatre,operaanddancethroughoutthecity.Whateveryourcultural__4__(taste)are,youaresuretofindsomethingtoenjoy.Sofar,theEdinburghInternationalFestival__5__(earn)itsreputationasoneoftheworld's__6__(great)celebrationsofthearts.Thefoundersbelievethattheprogrammesshouldbeofthehighestpossibleartisticstandardpresentedby__7__bestartistsintheworld,thatthefestivalshouldenrichtheculturallifeofEurope