湖南省永州市2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

永州市2024年下期高二期末质量监测试卷英语注意事项：1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分，共10页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。2.答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上。3.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Howmuchshouldthewomanpay?A.$10.B.$18.C.$20.2.Whatattractsthewomanmostaboutthephone?A.Thecamera.B.Thetouchscreen.C.TheGPS.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Kind.B.Strong.C.Competitive.4.Whatistheweatherliketoday?A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Sunny.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aperson.B.Afire.C.Abuilding.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherearethespeakersprobablynow?A.Athome.B.Atschool.C.Inahospital.7.Whathappenedtotheman'ssisterlastweek?A.Shehadafever.B.Sheslippedonice.C.Shebrokehiswrist.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatisthepurposeofthecall?A.Tobookaroom.B.Toarrangeatour.C.Toconfirmareservation.9.Whatdoesthewomanrequest?A.Awake-upcall.B.Aspecialmenu.C.Aroomwithanoceanview.10.Howcanguestsreceiveafreemeal?A.Bystayingaminimumofthreenights.B.Byreservingroomsonline.C.BybookingroomsonFriday.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatwillthemanbuyforhisfather?A.Apairofgloves.B.Ascarf.C.Apairofshoes.12.Whatdayisittoday?A.Wednesday.B.ThursdayC.Friday.13.Howoftendoestheman'sfatherswimnow?A.Onceaday.B.Twiceaweek.C.Onceaweek.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whattimeisitnow?A.4:45p.m.B.5:00p.m.C.5:15p.m.15.Whydidthemangetfined?A.Heoversped.B.Heranaredlight.C.Heillegallyparked.16.Whatfoodissoldoutnow?A.Bakedpork.B.Roastfish.C.Friedchicken.17.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodoafterdinner?A.Seeanexhibition.B.Gostraightbackhome.C.WatchaPekingOpera.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.What'sthemaintopicofthespeech?A.Anewschoolclub.B.Onlinecommunicationskills.C.Differenttypesofsocialmedia.19.Whohelpedthespeakeraccepthissocialproblem?A.Hisclassmate.B.Hissister.C.Hisfriend.20.WhatkindofpeopleisInPersonbestfor?A.Peoplewholikeattendingsocialevents.B.Peoplewhoknowalotaboutcommunicationskills.C.Peoplewhofeelnervouswhencommunicatingfacetoface.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APoetryContestsin2025(Free&PaidEntry)ThePushcartPrizeDeadline:December1,2025Entryfee:$0Prize:Publication(出版)inThePushcartPrize:BestofSmallPressesItisoneofthemostfamousawardsintheliteraryworld.Eachyear,theprizeisgivenforworksofpoetry,fiction,andcreativenonfictionbyliterarymagazines.Thereisnocashprize.However,winningthisawardensureswriterswillexperiencerecognitionintheliteraryworldfortheirtalents.BellevueLiteraryReviewPrizesDeadline:July12025Entryfee:$20Prize:$1000Itawardsyoungpoetswhocreateworksrelatedtohealth.WinnersarepublishedintheSpring2026issueoftheBLRandreceivea$1000cashprize.Allpoetrycontestentriesmustbepreviouslyunpublished.KingsleyTuftsPoetryAwardDeadline:July1,2025EntryFee:$0Prize:$100,000Itisanannualpoetrycontestopentomid-careerUSpoets&writers.Thegenerouscashprizeisgiventoencouragepoetstohavethefreedomtodedicateayeartowritingtheirnextbookwithouthavingtoworryaboutpayingbills.Thewinneralsospendsanopenweekintheresidence(居住)ofClaremontGraduateUniversity.TheLetterReviewPrizeforPoetryDeadline:June30,2025Entryfee:$25Prize:$400Itaskspoetstosubmit(提交)poemsofupto70linesandencouragespassionate,creativewritingtobeused.Poetsmustincludeashortbiographywiththeirsubmissionandcanenterasmanytimesastheywish.Runners-upalsoreceiveaprize,withsecondplacereceiving$250andthirdplacereceiving$150.1.WhatwillthewinnerofThePushcartPrizeget?A.Acashprize. B.Literaryrecognition.C.Publicationinanymagazine. D.Aweek'sstayinauniversity.2WhatcanwelearnabouttheBellevueLiteraryReviewPrizes?A.Itawardsoldpoets. B.Itchargesnoentryfee.C.Itencouragesworksonhealth. D.Itacceptspreviouslypublishedpoems.3.Whichcontestrequirespoetstoattachabriefbiographytotheirworks?A.ThePushcartPrize. B.KingsleyTuftsPoetryAward.C.BellevueLiteraryReviewPrizes. D.TheLetterReviewPrizeforPoetry.BEversincemydaughterGabiwasjustayoungchild,shehasbeencuriousabouttheworldaroundher,alwaysreadytoask“why”and“how”questions.Ithoughtitcouldbefuntotalktomydaughteraboutfemalescientists.Idiscoveredtherewasascientist,AdaLovelace.Shehadaloveformathematicsandabeliefthatcomputerscanbeusedtofinishmanytaskshumansdo.ItoldGabiaboutLovelace'scontributionstothefieldandtheimpactshehadonmeasascientistandmathematician.Today,computersaresuchanessentialpartofourdailylives;wecan’timaginelivingwithoutthem.Theideathatcomputerscangobeyondjustcalculatingnumbersandperformanyabstractoperationisthephenomenonofourtechnology.However,noteveryoneknowsthatthisideadatesbacktolongbeforethefirstprogrammable,general-purposedigitalcomputerwasintroducedinthe1940s.Thisconceptgoesbacktothe1800s,thankstoLoveluce,apioneerinmathematicsandcomputing,whowasrecognizedasthefirstcomputerprogrammer.Lovelacealsoheldherbeliefthatwhilecomputershadendlesspotential,theycouldnotbetrulyintelligent.ShearguedthatAIcan’tcreateanythingoriginalwithoutlearningfromhumaninput.ThisisstilltruetodayasAIbecomesincreasinglycommoninoureverydaylives.WhileChatGPTandsimilarAItoolsmayseemtohavea“mind”oftheirown,thosetoolsaresimplyparrotinghuman-generatedcontentontheinternet.Lovelacewasanincrediblyintelligentwoman,whocontributedsomuchtomathematicsandcomputerscience.Herenthusiasmanddeterminationledhertolookfurtherandsearchdeeper.IhopeLoyelacewillinspiremydaughterandotheryounggirlstoconsiderfollowinginherfootsteps.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutGabi?A.ShehasgreatadmirationforLovelace. B.Shehasadreamofbecomingascientist.C.Sheshowsstrongcuriosityabouttheworld. D.Shebelievescomputersareassmartashumans.5.Whatdoestheauthorstressinparagraph2?A.Theinventionofcomputers. B.Lovelace’scontributiontoscience.C.Thedevelopmentoftechnology. D.Lovelace’seducationbackground.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“parroting”inparagraph3mean?A.Repeating. B.Creating. C.Appreciating. D.Imagining.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toshowherinterestinscience. B.Toexplainthesignificanceofcomputers.C.Toprovideanexampleforgirlstofollow. D.Todemonstratethedisadvantageofcomputers.CInruralPakistan,anewproject,calledImprovingAccesstoSustainableEnergyinRuralPakistanUsingFoodandFiberAgro-WasteasaRenewableFuel(SAFER),aimstoturnbananawasteintoareliablesourceofelectricityforoff-grid(远离电网的)communities.Everyyear,Pakistangenerates80millionmetrictonsofagriculturalwastefromgrowingbananas.AcademicsfromNorthumbriaUniversity,inpartnershipwithUKandPakistaniorganizations,havedevelopedaninnovativetwo-partsystemthatwillmakeuseofthiswasteproductandprovidebenefitsforlocalpeopleatthesametime.Thefirstpartwillusenewtechnologytoturnthebananawasteintotextilefibers(纺织纤维),andthesecondparttakesthewastegeneratedfromthatprocessandusesittoproducerenewable(可再生的)energy.ThiswillnotonlyreducetheenvironmentalimpactofPakistan’stextileindustrybutalsobringcleanerelectricitytothe50%ofpeoplelivinginruralareasofthecountrywhocurrentlyrelyonfossil(化石)fuelsforenergy.Theprocesshasthepotentialtobeappliedtoalmostanyformofagriculturalwaste,benefitingcommunitiesandtheenvironmentworldwidethroughthesupplyofrenewabletextilesandenergy.Dr.JibranKhaliq,ofNorthumbriaUniversity,isamaterialscientistwhoresearchesturningwasteenergy.“Pakistan’stextiledepartmentisresponsibleforsignificantenvironmentalimpacts,includinggreenhousegasemissions(排放),andmicroplastics,”saidDr.Khaliqinastatement.Herevealedthathispartnershavedevelopedatechnologytoturnbananawasteintotextilefibers,butthelackofelectricityinruralSindh,wherethemajorityofthebananasaregrown,haspreventedthisinnovationfrombeingscaled-upuntilnow.“Overthenextyearwewillbeworkingtodevelopanewwaste-to-energytechnology.Thetechnologywillbenefitthetextileindustryandlocalcommunities,improvingsoilfertility(肥沃)andfoodproductionthroughthegenerationofbiofertilizers(生物肥料),”headded.8.WhatisSAFERintendedtodo?A.Toreducetextilewaste. B.Topromotebananaplanting.C.Toincreaseagriculturalproduction. D.Togenerateelectricityfrombananawaste.9.Howdoestheauthorpresentthetwo-partsystemindetail?A.Bygivingadefinition. B.Bygivinganexample.C.Bymakingacomparison. D.Bymakinganexplanation..10.WhathaspreventedthewideapplicationofthetechnologyinruralSindh?A.Lackoflaborforce. B.Electricityshortage.C.Insufficientfunding. D.Highcostofthetechnology.11.Whatisapotentialbenefitofthenewwaste-to-energytechnology?A.Developingagriculture. B.Decreasingsoilfertility.C.Increasinguseoffossilfuel. D.Promotingthesaleoftextile.DGlaciers(冰川)areenormousmassesoficecreatedbysnowthathasbecomepackedovermanyyears.Hiddeninsidesomeofthemaredramaticandbeautifulcavescalledglaciercaves(洞),whicharemadeentirelyofice.Howdotheyform?Icecaves,usuallylyingwithinorbeneathglaciers,areformedbythemeltwateroftheglacierthatflowsthroughtheiceduringperiodsofrainfallorduringthewarmermonthswhentheglaciericeismelting(融化).Wherethemeltedwaterflowsthroughcracks(裂缝)intheice,thecracksgetbiggerandbiggerovertime.Eventually,aglaciercaveisformed.Glaciercavesarevaluabletoglaciologists,scientistswhostudyglaciers.Usually,glaciologistscanstudythesurfaceofaglacier,butthesecavesletthemseetheundersideandinside.Studyingaglacierfromtheinsidehelpsscientistslearnaboutthewayaglaciermovesandslides.Astheclimatechanges,glaciersaremeltingquickly,leadingtorisingsealevels.Glaciercavesarechangingquicklytoo.Fromonevisittothenext,peoplemightfindthatsomeroomsinacavehavedisappearedwhileothershaveformed.Icemayhavethickenedorthinnedasmoreairentersthroughplaceswheretheicehasmeltedthrough.Becauseofthis,thevolumehastobere-mappedeveryfewweeks.“It’sverydifferentfromarockcave,whichneverchanges,”saidCartaya,a46-year-oldForestServiceworkerandEMTinBend,Oregon.“Onceyousurveyarockcave,it’sdone.Withthese,everyweekit’schanging.”Glaciologistsandotherscientistsmeasurethesechanges.Theinformationcanhelpthemfigureoutwhatishappeningwithoursealevelsandourplanet.Inrecentyears,datacollectedfromthecavesystemhasunlockedanimportantclueintrackingglacialloss.Theyhopetoprovidecriticalnewinformationforunderstandingtheimpactofglaciallossonwaterresourcesandglobalsealevelrise.12.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theeffectsofglaciercaves. B.Thechangesofglaciercaves.C.Theformationofglaciercaves. D.Thedefinitionofglaciercaves.13.WhydoestheauthormentionCartaya’swordsinparagraph4?A.Toproveapoint. B.Tointroduceatopic.C.Todrawaconclusion. D.Toattractreaders’interest.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Glaciercaveschangeslowly.B.Glaciercavesaremadepartlyofice.C.Meltwaterflowsthroughtheicecracksincolderweather.D.Glaciercaveshelpfigureouthowglaciersmoveandslide.15.Whatdoscientiststhinkofthecurrentresearch?ASatisfying. B.Disappointing. C.Shocking. D.Confusing.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inafast-pacedworld,mentaltirednessisalltoocommon.Butit’smorethanjustbeingalittletired—itcanmakeyougetintotrouble,messwithyourproductivity,andevenaffectyourwell-beingnegatively.___16___,thegoodnewsisthattherearestepsyoucantaketoliftthatmentalfogandregainclarity.Takearest.Giveyourselfpermissiontostepbackandtakeamentalhealthbreak.Workingnon-stoporlivingonyourworriesendlesslywillonlyfurtheryourtiredness.___17___,dosomethingthatmentallydisconnectsyoufromyourstressors.Prioritizeeffectivelyandfocusononethingatatime.___18___.Prioritizingtaskscanhelpyoufocusonwhat’simportant,allowingyoutotacklechallengesmoreorganizedandwithlessstress.Sometimesthebestwaytodothisistopracticesingle-taskingwhereyousimplyfocusononethingatatime.___19___.Anuntidyenvironmentcanbeasmallbutsignificantsourceofstress.Takingthetimetotidyyourlivingandworkingspacescanfreeupmentalenergy.Organizingyourphysicalenvironmentcancreateasenseoforderandcontrol.Ifyoufeelitdifficulttoclearyourspace,startsmallbyclearingyourdeskfirst.Thenseehowyoufeelandifitmotivatesyoutotidyupotherareas.Writedownyourthoughts.Sometimes,yourmindneedsasafespacetounload.___20___Itcanbeparticularlyusefulfortacklingproblemscontributingtomentaltiredness,aswritingissuesdownonpapercanoftenmakethemseemmoremanageable.A.FreeupmentalenergyB.ClearyourmessyspaceC.UnlessyouaretootiredfromworkD.AlthoughfeelingthiswaymightseemdepressingE.KeepingajournalcanprovideawaytoexpressyourideasF.MentaltirednessoftencomesfromhavingtoomuchonyourplateG.Whetherit’sashortbreak,orjustshuttingoffyourphoneforanhour第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ColleenWall,aninspirationalartist,isdevotedtousingmurals(壁画)tomakea“windowview”toupliftpatients.HerjourneyintotheArts&Healthcarefieldbeganin1995,whenshewasdiagnosed(诊断)with___21___cancer.Fortunately,sherecovered.Thislife-changingexperience___22___herpassionforusingarttohelpothers.After___23___stomachcancer,sheservedasanartistatWomen’s&Children’sHospitalofBuffalo.Onemorning,Colleenenteredapatient’sroomand___24___,“It’ssuchabeautifuldayoutside!”Thepatient___25___fromherbedandreplied,“Italwayslooksthesamefromhere.”Thatsimplebutpowerful___26___inspiredColleen’sideaforaproject:TransformingHealthcareSpaces.Itwassuccessfully___27___withacrowd-fundingKickstartercampaign,anditofferedhertheopportunitytocreate20inspirational___28___shecalledLandEscapes.Thewindow-inspiredpaintingsincludeelementsofnatureto___29___theviewerintothescene.Theyalso____30____wordsofencouragementandinspiration.Colleen’sgoalistogiveeverypatientaviewtoasunny,peacefulplace,offeringamental____31____fromtherestrictionsofthehospitalroomanda(n)____32____thatbetterdaysareahead.“Spendinglongperiodsoftimeinahospitalroomcanfeel____33____,”saidColleen.“Thesewindowpaintingsaremeanttohelppatientsfeelasthoughtheyarenot____34____toasmallroombutinsteadcantakea(n)____35____journeyoutsideintonature.”21.A.skin B.stomach C.lung D.bone22.A.weakened B.fueled C.withdrew D.limited23.A.developing B.stimulating C.detecting D.beating24.A.added B.explained C.remarked D.roared25.A.lookedup B.lookeddown C.lookedback D.lookedaround26.A.proposal B.prediction C.exchange D.bond27.A.faced B.overcome C.funded D.replaced28.A.paintings B.poems C.essays D.songs29.A.admit B.attract C.forbid D.accompany30.A.guarantee B.demand C.grasp D.feature31.A.disease B.phenomenon C.challenge D.escape32.A.evidence B.reminder C.promise D.example33.A.envious B.uplifted C.energetic D.lonely34.A.suited B.addicted C.restricted D.committed35.A.imaginary B.adventurous C.conventional D.tough第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Beethoven,amusicalgenius,isnowregarded____36____oneofthegreatestcomposersthateverlived.Throughouthisremarkablelife,hecomposedmanyamazingtunes.Asa____37____(gift)child,hesoonlearnedtoplaythepiano.Beforelong,hebegantoenjoyareputationasawonderfulyoungmusicianbecauseofhispianoperformances.ManybrilliantfigureslikeMozartheldgreatexpectationsaboutBeethoven'smusicalcareer58.____38____startedmakingpredictionsabouthisextraordinaryfuture.However,inhistwenties,lifetookasharpturn____39____(dramatic).Beethovenbegantolosehishearing,____40____deeplydepressedhim.Despitehishearingloss,hewasdetermined____41____(find)awaytocontinuewritingmusic.DuringthisextremelydifficultperiodhecreatedhisSymphonyNo.9,whichisfullofdesperatelowsandupliftinghighs,____42____(reflect)bothhissufferingandhisstrongwilltofightit.On7May,1824,Beethoven____43____(greet)withthunderousapplausefromavastcrowdwhenhesteppedontothestageofagrandtheatreinVienna.Asthefinal,joyousnotebroughtSymphonyNo.9toanend,enthusiasticcheers____44____(sweep)acrossthetheatre.Notuntilthendidherealizethathissymphonywas_____45_____hugesuccess.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是学校英语俱乐部负责人李华，在寒假即将来临之际，请你代表俱乐部写一封倡议书，鼓励大家在假期加强体育锻炼，保持健康的生活方式。内容包括：1.假期锻炼的重要性；2.具体建议，包括锻炼项目、锻炼时间等。注意：1.词数80字左右；2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。Dearfellowstudents,I’mLiHua,whoisinchargeofourschools’Englishclub.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TheSchoolEnglishClub第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lynnsighedasshetriedtoremovethedirtonherbrand-newCaliforniaVibesT-shirt.HerannoyingsisterApril,hadcompletelyruined(毁坏)herniceSaturdaymorning.Couldn’tasuper-busyteenagegirlgetsomerestfromacontinuously-workingweek?OK,maybeLynnhadpushedAprilontothetable,spillingjuiceeverywhereontothefloor,andmaybehermomhadblamedAprilforwhathappenedanddidn’tgiveApriltimetoexplain.Beingunfairlytreated,Aprilwasinastormymood.Topayherback,she“accidentally”spilledabowlofjelly(果冻)ontoLynn,ruiningLynn’snewT-shirt.Andjustlastweek,AprilhadsecretlypouredstickyglueonLynn’sseatinclass.Lynncouldn